The Constitutional History of England From 1760 to 1860
О книге
Аннотация
- Начало книги
- PREFACE.
- CHAPTER I. Mr. Hallam's View of the Development of the Constitution.-Symptoms of approaching Constitutional Changes.-State of the Kingdom at the Accession of George III.-Improvement of the Law affecting the Commissions of the Judges.-Restoration of Peace.-Lord Bute becomes Minister.-The Case of Wilkes.-Mr. Luttrell is Seated for Middlesex by the House of Commons.-Growth of Parliamentary Reporting.-Mr. Grenville's Act for trying Election Petitions.-Disfranchisement of Corrupt Voters at New Shoreham.
- CHAPTER II. The Regency Bill.-The Ministry of 1766 lay an Embargo on Corn.-An Act of Indemnity is Passed.-The Nullum Tempus Act concerning Crown Property; it is sought to Extend it to Church Property, but the Attempt fails.-The Royal Marriage Act.-The Lords amend a Bill imposing Export Duties, etc., on Corn.
- CHAPTER III. Mr. Grenville imposes a Duty on Stamps in the North American Colonies.-Examination of Dr. Franklin.-Lord Rockingham's Ministry Repeals the Duty.-Lord Mansfield affirms a Virtual Representation in the Colonies.-Mr. C. Townsend imposes Import Duties in America.-After some Years, the Civil War breaks out.-Hanoverian Troops are sent to Gibraltar.-The Employment of Hanoverian Regiments at Gibraltar and Minorca.-End of the War.-Colonial Policy of the Present Reign.-Complaints of the Undue Influence of the Crown.-Motions for Parliamentary Reform.-Mr. Burke's Bill for Economical Reform.-Mr. Dunning's Resolution on the Influence of the Crown.-Rights of the Lords on Money-bills.-The Gordon Riots.
- CHAPTER IV. Changes of Administration.-The Coalition Ministry.-The Establishment of the Prince of Wales.-Fox's India Bill.-The King Defeats it by the Agency of Lord Temple.-The Ministry is Dismissed, and Succeeded by Mr. Pitt's Administration.-Opposition to the New Ministry in the House of Commons.-Merits of the Contest between the Old and the New Ministry.-Power of Pitt.-Pitt's India Bill.-Bill for the Government of Canada.-The Marriage of the Prince of Wales to Mrs. Fitzherbert.-The King becomes Deranged.-Proposal of a Regency.-Opinions of Various Writers on the Course adopted.-Spread of Revolutionary Societies and Opinions.-Bills for the Repression of Sedition and Treason.-The Alien Act.-The Traitorous Correspondence Act.-Treason and Sedition Bills.-Failure of some Prosecutions under them.
- CHAPTER V. The Affairs of Ireland.-Condition of the Irish Parliament.-The Octennial Bill.-The Penal Laws.-Non-residence of the Lord- lieutenant.-Influence of the American War on Ireland.-Enrolment of the Volunteers.-Concession of all the Demands of Ireland.-Violence of the Volunteers.-Their Convention.-Violence of the Opposition in Parliament: Mr. Brownlow, Mr. Grattan, Mr. Flood.-Pitt's Propositions Fail.-Fitzgibbon's Conspiracy Bill.-Regency Question.-Recovery of the King.-Question of a Legislative Union.-Establishment of Maynooth College.-Lord Edward Fitzgerald.-Arguments for and against the Union.-It passes the Irish Parliament.-Details of the Measure.- General Character of the Union.-Circumstances which Prevented its Completeness.
- CHAPTER VI. A Census is Ordered.-Dissolution of Pitt's Administration.-Impeachment of Lord Melville.-Introduction of Lord Ellenborough into the Cabinet.-Abolition of the Slave-trade.-Mr. Windham's Compulsory Training Bill.-Illness of the King, and Regency.-Recurrence to the Precedent of 1788-'89.-Death of Mr. Perceval.-Lord Liverpool becomes Prime-minister.-Question of Appointments in the Household.-Appointment of a Prime-minister.
- CHAPTER VII. The Toleration Act.-Impropriety of making Catholic Emancipation (or any other Important Matter) an Open Question.-Joint Responsibility of all the Ministers.-Detention of Napoleon at St. Helena.-Question whether the Regent could Give Evidence in a Court of Law in a Civil Action.-Agitation for Reform.-Public Meetings.-The Manchester Meeting.-The Seditious Meetings Prevention Bill.-Lord Sidmouth's Six Acts.
- CHAPTER VIII. Survey of the Reign of George III.-The Cato Street Conspiracy.-The Queen's Return to England, and the Proceedings against her.-The King Visits Ireland and Scotland.-Reform of the Criminal Code.-Freedom of Trade.-Death of Lord Liverpool.-The Duke of Wellington becomes Prime-minister.-Repeal of the Test and Corporation Act.-O'Connell is Elected for Clare.-Peel Resigns his Seat for Oxford.-Catholic Emancipation.-Question of the Endowment of the Roman Catholic Clergy.-Constitutional Character of the Emancipation.-The Propriety of Mr. Peel's Resignation of his Seat for Oxford Questioned.
- CHAPTER IX. Demand for Parliamentary Reform.-Death of George IV., and Accession of William IV.-French Revolution of 1830.-Growing Feeling in Favor of Reform.-Duke of Wellington's Declaration against Reform.-His Resignation: Lord Grey becomes Prime-minister.-Introduction of the Reform Bill.-Its Details.-Riots at Bristol and Nottingham.-Proposed Creation of Peers.-The King's Message to the Peers.-Character and Consequences of the Reform Bill.-Appointment of a Regency.- Re-arrangement of the Civil List.
- CHAPTER X. Abolition of Slavery.-Abridgment of the Apprenticeship.-The East India Company's Trade is Thrown Open.-Commencement of Ecclesiastical Reforms.-The New Poor-law.-State of Ireland.-Agitation against Tithes.-Coercion Bill.-Beginning of Church Reform.-Sir Robert Peel becomes Prime-minister.-Variety of Offices held Provisionally by the Duke of Wellington.-Sir Robert Peel Retires, and Lord Melbourne Resumes the Government.-Sir Robert Peel Proposes a Measure of Church Reform.-Municipal Reform.-Measures of Ecclesiastical Reform.
- CHAPTER XI. Death of William IV., and Accession of Queen Victoria.-Rise of the Chartists.-Resignation of Lord Melbourne in 1839, and his Resumption of Office.-Marriage of the Queen, and Consequent Arrangements.-The Precedence of the Prince, etc.-Post-office Reform.-War in Afghanistan.-Discontent in Jamaica.-Insurrection in Canada.-New Constitution for Canada and other Colonies.-Case of Stockdale and Hansard.
- CHAPTER XII. Sir Robert Peel becomes Prime-minister.-Commercial Reforms.- Free-trade.-Religious Toleration.-Maynooth.-The Queen's University.-Post-office Regulations.-The Opening of Letters.- Naturalization of Aliens.-Recall of Lord Ellenborough.-Reversal of the Vote on the Sugar Duties.-Refusal of the Crown to Sanction a Bill.-The Question of Increase in the Number of Spiritual Peers.-Repeal of the Corn-laws.-Revolution in France, and Agitation on the Continent.-Death of Sir Robert Peel.-Indifference of the Country to Reform.-Repeal of the Navigation Laws.-Resolutions in Favor of Free-trade.-The Great Exhibition of 1851.
- CHAPTER XIII. Dismissal of Lord Palmerston.-Theory of the Relation between the Sovereign and the Cabinet.-Correspondence of the Sovereign with French Princes.-Russian War.-Abolition of the Tax on Newspapers.-Life Peerages.-Resignation of two Bishops.-Indian Mutiny.-Abolition of the Sovereign Power of the Company.-Visit of the Prince of Wales to India.-Conspiracy Bill.-Rise of the Volunteers.-National Fortifications.-The Lords Reject the Measure for the Repeal of the Paper-duties.-Lord Palmerston's Resolutions.-Character of the Changes during the last Century.
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