Scavenger

Resources

Except for the Sepulcher of World Desires, every time-capsule reference in Scavenger is factual. The most thoughtful essay on the subject is “Capsule History,” by Lester A. Reingold (November, 1999). It can be found at www.americanheritage.com. Type the essay’s title into the browser section and click on the link.

Another important source of time-capsule information is “Tales of Future Past,” by David S. Zondy. Click the link to this essay at www.davidszondy.com, where you’ll find photographs of the Westinghouse time capsule along with a list of its contents. But there’s so much more at this site that you’ll be dazzled by this trip to the future past.

As I indicate in my author’s note, the Crypt of Civilization is real. Go to www.oglethorpe.edu/about_us/crypt_of_civilization. You’ll find links to photographs of the Crypt and its contents. You’ll also find information about the International Time Capsule Society, the Most Wanted Time Capsules (including the M*A*S*H capsule), Time Capsule Secrets, and other eye-opening topics.

The hidden chamber under Mount Rushmore is also real. Go to “Black Hills Secrets” at www.rosyinn.com/5100bl9.htm. Click the MORE link to see a photograph.

For information about geocaching and letterboxing, go to www.geocaching.com and www.letterboxing.org. These activities have become so popular that many resorts specializing in outdoor recreation now emphasize geocaching and letterboxing as much as they do horseback riding and swimming. The sites devoted to these games have information about caches in your neighborhood. I was amused to learn about a cache hidden a mile from my home in Santa Fe, New Mexico.

Scavenger is also about virtual reality and the metaphysics of video games. In The Medium of the Video Game, Mark J. P. Wolf’s essays about space, time, and narrative in video games were especially helpful. Steven L. Kent, Rochelle Slovin, Charles Bernstein, Rebecca R. Tews, and Ralph H. Baer (designer of the 1972 Magnavox Odyssey home video game system) also contributed fascinating essays. In addition, Kent wrote The Ultimate History of Video Games, the title of which says everything about it.

Smartbomb, by Heather Chaplin & Aaron Ruby is a groundbreaking, insider’s look at the video-gaming world. Among other things, it provides a fascinating analysis of God games and first-person shooter games. I thank my friend Janet Elder for telling me about that book and Steven Johnson’s Everything Bad Is Good for You. Johnson’s analysis of video games makes me believe the book’s subtitle: How Today’s Popular Culture Is Actually Making Us Smarter.

While many video games have pointless violent content that possibly desensitizes players to violence in their lives, there have been few violent events with proven links to video games. The most documented example occurred in 1999 at Colorado’s Columbine High School, where two students shot a teacher and twelve fellow students to death, then wounded twenty-four others before committing suicide. The shooters were obsessed with the violent video game, Doom. But they were also reportedly the victims of relentless bullying that resulted in uncontrolled fury. Did the game fuel the rage, or was the game an outlet for the rage and a postponement of the violence? Because the boys shot themselves, there aren’t any answers, but the issue is not as simple as some social commentators make it appear.

In Scavenger, Professor Graham notes that half the people in the United States play video games. Although not all those games are violent, many are, and yet we haven’t seen massive outbreaks of violence that seem caused by those games. Rather than fixate on the topic of violence, I think it’s worth considering games from another perspective — in terms of their form instead of their content. The levels of difficulty along with the countless decisions and movements that cram each second of an action game arguably make a player’s mind more agile and reflexes more responsive. The mental focus a game requires is a survival skill in a complex society. But it’s a special kind of focus because it means concentrating on a lot of things in such rapid succession that they seem almost to occur simultaneously. A parallel with multitasking comes to mind. Some social critics disparage this as a form of channel surfing that leads to shallow understanding and limited attention span. But I agree with Steven Johnson’s Everything Bad Is Good for You: that it’s possible for games to train our minds to concentrate on many things at once and perform multiple tasks well. In short, video games might help us experience a new way for our brains to function. If time capsules teach us that things are never what they used to be, video games show us that we keep changing, often in ways that we don’t realize.