Ibn Fadlan, quoted by Yaqut (trans J. E. Montgomery), Mission to the Volga (New York, 2017) 52–53
Kryganov, A.V., Armament and Equestrian Equipment of Nomads of the South of Eastern Europe in the 7th–10th Centuries (Historical science thesis, in Russian; Kharkov, 1987) 60–61
Gorelik, M.V., ‘Arms and Armour in South-Eastern Europe in the Second Half of the First Millenium AD’, in D. Nicolle (ed.), A Companion to Medieval Arms and Armour (Woodbridge, 2002) 134.