The Poisoned Chalice

Author’s Note

Any attempt to give modern English dialogue an ‘olde worlde’ flavour in historical novels is as inaccurate as it is futile. In the time and place of this story, late twelfth-century Devon, most people would have spoken early Middle English, which would be unintelligible to us at the present time. Many others would have spoken western Welsh, later called Cornish and the ruling classes would have spoken Norman-French. The language of the Church and virtually all official writing was Latin.

At this period, the legal system for the punishment of crime was in a state of flux, as because of the financial benefits for the King’s treasury, the royal courts were competing with the old-established local courts. The legal reforms of Henry II (‘Henry the Lawgiver’) deteriorated under his sons Richard the Lionheart and John – in fact, the Magna Carta, a decade after our story, was in part intended to prevent abuses of the legal system.