Brothers at War

Chapter 16

‘That you turned to me in your distress touched my heart.The world will see that when the Moghul emperor sought my help, I answered him. I will give you an army and one of my best generals so that you may reclaim what has been taken from you.’ Shah Tahmasp clasped Humayun by the shoulder. ‘As our fathers were once allies, so we will be. .’ They were sitting on silk cushions on a marble platform constructed over the intersection of two water channels flowing north to south and east to west through the shah’s private gardens.The four quarters of the garden created by the channels were planted with fruit trees — quince, cherry, apple, apricot, peach and the shah’s favourite, apple trees — on whose branches small golden fruit were already forming. Songbirds with jewelled collars hopped among the branches.

When Tahmasp had summoned him to this audience in what the shah called his ‘paradise garden’, Humayun had allowed himself to hope. But the shah’s offer went beyond anything he’d anticipated. The sacrifice of the Koh-i-Nur had been worth it and he struggled to control his elation. ‘You are gracious,’ he replied. ‘With your men fighting beside mine, I have no doubt of victory. .’

‘You may wonder why I am so ready to assist you. It is not just out of sentiment. I have many reasons. Treachery within royal dynasties such as ours is dangerous. You were not the only Moghul to write to me.Your half-brother Kamran also sent me a message — that you were fleeing into Persia, that if I imprisoned you he would give me many things — gold, gemstones and even the city of Kandahar.’ Tahmasp’s black eyes glittered. ‘He sought to bargain with me as if I were a merchant in the bazaar. His arrogance angered me. But more than that, I asked myself, how can I trust a prince eager to shed his own brother’s blood? If I wished I could squash him like a fly but I prefer to help you do so.’

He leaned forward. ‘I have little interest in expanding my lands eastwards. What I want is stability on my borders as there was in your father’s day. While Babur — may his soul rest in Paradise — ruled, he kept the tribes — the Pashais, Kafirs and others — in check. Persia’s merchants travelled safely without let or hindrance all the way from Meshed, Isfahan and Shiraz to Kashgar beyond the mountains of Ferghana. But since your half-brother seized Kabul there has been anarchy and my people are suffering. With my help you can restore order.’

As the shah was talking, Humayun recalled Darya’s account of how Kamran had used gold plundered from Persian merchants to raise and fund the army with which he had taken Kabul and wondered whether Tahmasp knew of this.

‘Winter comes early to my homelands, and gracious as is your hospitality I am eager to begin the campaign as soon as possible. I would like to move first against Kandahar and then on to Kabul before the first snows. When do you think your troops might be ready to accompany me?’

‘I began assembling a force weeks before you reached Kazvin. I can give you ten thousand men, including mounted archers, musketeers, and artillerymen as well as cavalry. They — and their commander Rustum Beg — can be ready with their cannon, other weapons and baggage train in two weeks’ time. Do the ladies of your family wish to remain here in Kazvin? My sister will take great care of them.’

Humayun shook his head.‘Danger and hardship are nothing to them.They will want to go with me. My wife is tormented by anxiety over the fate of our son. If she had her way we would leave today.’

‘Her feelings do her honour as a mother and as an empress. I’ve heard much of the courage of Moghul women. My father held your aunt Khanzada Begam in high esteem.’

‘She had reason to be very grateful to Shah Ismail. . ’

Tahmasp acknowledged the compliment with a graceful gesture of his bejewelled hand. ‘But before we speak further of going to war, there is something I must ask you. You are a true believer but it grieves me that you follow the Sunni path and not that of the Shias, like myself. Show me that you are indeed my brother, that the bonds between us are as strong as those of blood. Embrace the Shia sect so that you and I can worship side by side to ask God’s blessing for our enterprise.’Tahmasp’s dark eyes, fixed on Humayun’s face, were fervent and glowing.

Humayun struggled to contain his surprise and dismay. Tahmasp had chosen his moment well — offering Humayun everything he could wish for before making his demand. It was easier to deal with a man hungry for the material things of life — lands and gold, Humayun reflected. Such a man was usually prepared to compromise. A man hungry for another’s soul was not. He must be very careful how he handled Tahmasp.

‘You seek this only of me, not of my commanders and my men?’ he asked after a moment.

‘Only of you, but of course where an emperor leads, others often wish to follow.’

‘I must think over what you have said.’

‘Do not take too long, my brother. As you yourself said, you wish to campaign before the winter snows become an extra enemy. . ’ Shah Tahmasp rose from the silk cushions and summoning his guards, who had been waiting at a discreet distance while the two rulers talked, stepped down from the platform and walked away through the garden, pausing to examine the crimson blooms on a rose bush.

Humayun went straight to Hamida. As he entered her apartments, her hopeful, expectant expression made him feel his predicament even more keenly.

‘What did he say? Will he help us?’ she asked, as soon as they were alone.

‘The shah is no friend to Kamran and will give me an army to defeat him, but there is a price. . ’

‘What price? He has the Koh-i-Nur. What more do we have to give?’

‘He wants me to become a Shia Muslim. . ’

‘Is that all?’ Hamida came closer and took his face between her hands.

‘It’s a great deal. Shah Ismail tried to force my father Babur to become a Shia — it nearly cost him his life and it certainly cost him Samarkand. Our people hated him for it — they turned to Shaibani Khan, preferring to be ruled by a murderous Sunni Uzbek than a Timurid prince they suspected of converting to Shiism. . ’

Hamida released him and stared up at him incredulously. ‘But those were different times. We’re not in Samarkand now. Most important, we have lost our son. We must do everything in our power to save him. . it is our duty. . our sacred duty above anything else.You must accept this, just as I accepted your arguments not to pursue Kamran when he took Akbar.’

‘But this explains why Shah Tahmasp was so welcoming. . this is what he really wants. . to convert the Moghuls to Shiism. I saw it in his face as he spoke to me. . ’

‘Are you sure he doesn’t just want you to convert as some kind of token recognition of his authority?’

‘I don’t think even his mind is subtle enough for that. And don’t you see? That would be even more repugnant. You don’t understand how it would affect my troops.’

‘No, you are the one who doesn’t understand. Swallow your pride, if not for my sake then for our son’s!’

‘My pride is one of the few things left to me and you ask me to sacrifice it?’

‘You have no choice. Our situation is too perilous to be over-scrupulous. Go through the outward ceremonies. Think what you will in your heart.True pride is internal, not external. Remember how much outward pride it must have cost your father to surrender Khanzada to Shaibani Khan, but he kept his inner spirit strong.’

Humayun said nothing and Hamida continued more softly, ‘In any case, don’t Shias and Sunnis worship the same God? Their divisions are of human not divine manufacture. They stem from quarrels in the Prophet’s family, just like those that have split your own. . ’

Humayun bowed his head. She was right, he didn’t have a choice if he wanted to regain his throne and recover his son. His decision was made. Whatever his commanders and their men might think, at least temporarily he must don the crimson silk taj of the Shia monarch and kneel at Shah Tahmasp’s side in the mosque to call down God’s blessing on his campaign. Sunni or Shia, his cause was just and God — the one God — would still be on his side. .

They were making good progress, Humayun thought with satisfaction — much swifter than on the journey to Kazvin that had been at the stately pace dictated by the shah. Ahead of Humayun rode the Persian archers and musketeers and directly behind him were Hamida and Gulbadan and their women in their wagons, surrounded by his bodyguard. Next came the rest of his soldiers, then the baggage train including the cannon loaded on bullock carts and finally the Persian cavalry, the tips of their spears — broader-bladed than Moghul ones but no less sharp — catching the early morning sun.

Zahid Beg was to Humayun’s left but at his right shoulder was Rustum Beg, the Persian commander. He was a thin-faced, delicate-boned elderly man, a cousin of the shah’s, fond of quoting from the Persian poets to Humayun’s war council but content to leave the day-to-day command of his force to his deputy, Bairam Khan. The latter was still quite young — no more than about thirty-four or five — but his thick-set build and the scar at the right corner of his mouth made him look older. His eyes were an unusual colour for a Persian — deep, almost indigo blue — and his long dark hair protruded in a plait from beneath a pointed steel helmet hung with chain mail to protect the neck and the sides of the face and surmounted by a peacock feather.

In the first days after leaving Kazvin, Bairam Khan had spoken little, beyond responding to Humayun’s questions. However, as the weeks passed he had become more expansive. Everything he said was well considered and he listened to Humayun’s commanders with courtesy and tact. That was good. Had Rustum Beg pushed himself forward more and had Bairam Khan been over-haughty, it might have caused dissension between Humayun’s men and the far more numerous Persians. As it was, they co-existed well. Humayun was also relieved that his men seemed to have accepted his conversion to Shiism as the pragmatic decision it was. They had watched the public ceremony at which the shah himself had placed the scarlet taj on his head without protest, understanding, as he did, that it was necessary to secure the future of them all.

Humayun looked up to see a small group of horsemen galloping towards him, dust dancing in the air around them. It was Ahmed Khan with two of his scouts and two Persian cavalrymen Rustum Beg had sent as guides.

‘Majesty, the Helmand river lies only fifteen miles away.’

‘Excellent.’ Humayun smiled. In two days — perhaps even tomorrow — he would again cross the cold waters of the Helmand and this time he would cross it with a great army at his back.

The fortress of Kandahar with its thick stone walls and slit-windowed towers looked grimly impregnable against a backdrop of jagged, purple-brown mountains. Though it was only September, the chill wind made Humayun and his commanders shiver as they looked towards the fortress from their vantage point on the downward slope of a wooded hill about half a mile away.

Where in that fortress was Akbar? Humayun knew that his son’s fate depended on the decisions he was about to take. Kamran was no fool. His spies would have been observing Humayun’s progress and he must know that Humayun — backed as he was by crack Persian troops — had the stronger hand. Eventually, whether by siege or assault, Kandahar would fall. So what would Kamran do? Threaten to harm Akbar if Humayun did not withdraw? Kamran was capable of it. On the other hand, Humayun tried to comfort himself, his half-brother would know that if he killed Akbar he would lose his best bargaining counter. .

Bairam Khan and Zahid Beg were staring at the fortress and discussing its strengths and potential weak spots. Nadim Khwaja too was gazing at it intently. As a chieftain from the mountains above Kandahar the fortress would be a familiar sight to him but his thoughts, like Humayun’s, would be for his family. His wife Maham Anga and their own son Adham Khan were, like Akbar, prisoners within those walls. Briefly, Humayun put his hand on Nadim Khwaja’s shoulder, and as their eyes met he knew that they shared the same inner emotions. They were both warriors whose natural instinct was to storm into the fortress and rescue their loved ones. But understandable as such hot-blooded impulses were, they were not the way. .

An idea was beginning to form in Humayun’s mind. He must find a means of opening a dialogue with Kamran. Repugnant though he found the idea of negotiation, he knew it was what his father would have done. Hadn’t Babur swallowed his pride and negotiated with Shaibani Khan to save the dynasty? It was also what Khanzada would have counselled. She above everyone had understood the value of patience, of making short-term sacrifices in order to win the ultimate prize.

But who could speak on his behalf? He couldn’t do it himself. Even if Kamran agreed to see him, if they came face to face there would be blows, not words, such was their mutual hatred. Yet he could not send Kasim or one of his commanders.This was a family matter. Kamran must be made to understand how he had violated every principle of honour and loyalty in the Moghul code, how his ambition had split and weakened Babur’s legacy.

There was only one person travelling with Humayun who could speak to Kamran of such things, who shared both his blood and Akbar’s blood. Gulbadan. Moghul women often played the role of peacemakers between the clans and her sharp intelligence was the equal of any of his counsellors’.

Dishonourable as he had shown himself, not even Kamran would harm his half-sister and he might even listen — if not to her personal pleas at least to the offer she would carry to him from Humayun. If Kamran would return Akbar unharmed, he could depart freely with Askari and their men and their weapons and Humayun’s solemn vow — in the name of their father Babur — not to pursue them.

Only one question remained. Would Gulbadan be willing to undertake such a mission? But as Humayun signalled to his commanders to turn their horses back up the hill to rejoin their forces, he was confident he knew the answer.

‘Majesty, Gulbadan Begam is returning.’

Hearing the shout from outside his command tent, Humayun leaped up from the stool on which he’d been sitting and, pushing aside the tent flaps, ducked out into the swiftly falling dusk. On the floor of the valley that lay between Humayun’s camp and the fortress, a line of flickering lights was drawing slowly nearer — torches borne by the detachment of guards he had sent with Jauhar to escort Gulbadan, who were riding before and behind the wagon in which she was travelling.

It was seven hours since she had set out under a flag of truce. Straining his eyes into the darkness, Humayun allowed himself to hope for just a moment that Akbar might be in Gulbadan’s arms but common sense quickly overcame such wishful thinking. Kamran was not a man to be moved by sentiment. He would not release Akbar until the very last moment, when he was certain Humayun would keep his word.

Nevertheless, unable to contain his impatience, Humayun ran to the roped-off enclosure where his horse was tethered. Without waiting for a saddle and using the halter in place of reins, he urged it to leap the rope and galloped off down to the valley. His heart was jumping so fast that for a moment he imagined the thudding of hooves on the soft turf was the sound it was making. For so much of the time he had to suppress his feelings — to show himself a cool, dispassionate leader to his men, to turn a calm, confident face to Hamida. But out here in the enshrouding darkness he could admit that he was as vulnerable as any man to fears and anxieties, particularly over the fate of those he loved and whom it was his duty to protect.

‘It is the emperor!’ he heard Jauhar cry out. Swerving to a standstill just a few yards from where Gulbadan’s wagon had halted, Humayun slid from his horse. Jauhar had also dismounted and without words led Humayun to Gulbadan’s cart. Taking the torch Jauhar was holding, Humayun drew aside the curtains and peered in at his half-sister.

‘I am glad to see you safely returned. What did Kamran say? Will he accept my terms?’

Gulbadan leaned further forward into the light, her young face very tired. ‘Humayun, I’m sorry. Kamran wasn’t there — only Askari. Hearing of your advance, some weeks ago Kamran rode to Kabul which he means to defend against you.’

‘And Akbar?’

‘Kamran took him with him to Kabul. But Humayun — there is still hope. Askari assured me Akbar is in good health and that Maham Anga is with him. . ’

‘How can I trust a word Askari says when he follows a man prepared to use a child as a weapon against me?’

‘Askari does feel the shame of it, I think. Also, from what he says I believe he thinks that, by ordering him to remain behind in Kandahar, Kamran has left him to bear the brunt of your anger.’

‘Will Askari surrender Kandahar to me?’

‘He will — on the promise that you will spare his life and those of his men.’

Humayun smiled grimly. ‘He can keep his miserable life and so may his men, but my offer of free passage was conditional on the safe return of Akbar. Askari, at least, will stay in my custody until I have found my son and dealt with Kamran.What of Hindal? Did you learn anything of his fate?’

‘My brother is often in my thoughts and I pressed Askari about what had happened to him. . He told me that Kamran ordered Hindal to be taken to the fort at Jalalabad and held prisoner there. But somehow on the way there he managed to escape. That was many months ago and Askari does not know where he has gone. . I hope my brother is safe.’

‘So do I.Though we had our differences I was not blameless and he was more of a brother to me than either of the others. But you, Gulbadan, you are a true sister to me and a true friend to Hamida. What you did today was hard and I’m grateful.’

It was a bitter thing that Babur’s sons should be so divided. Humayun was locked in gloom as he walked slowly back to his horse. Arriving back at the camp, he went straight to Hamida. She was waiting inside the women’s tent and at his sombre look the light of hope in her dark eyes faded. ‘So Kamran has refused your offer.’

‘Not even that. He wasn’t there. Hamida — he has taken Akbar to Kabul. . ’

As tears welled in her eyes, Humayun caught her to him. ‘Listen to me. We mustn’t despair. Askari is still in Kandahar and he promised Gulbadan that Akbar is in good health. That at least is good news.’

‘But Kabul is so far away. . ’

‘It’s three hundred miles away and I’d go three thousand miles to recover our son. You know that. . ’

‘I do, but it’s so hard. I think constantly about Akbar and what might be happening to him, even when I try to sleep. When I was pregnant and we were fleeing Maldeo, I couldn’t help imagining how it would feel to have him cut living from my womb. I felt the cold blade in my flesh. This worry is as bad. . it’s like a physical pain. I’m not sure how much more of it I can bear.’

‘Be strong for a little longer. . be strong for our son, just as you were when Maldeo plotted our destruction.Askari has offered to surrender Kandahar to me. As soon as I have secured it, we ride for Kabul.’ He felt her body relax a little and she stepped back from him.

‘You’re right — disappointment made me speak as I did. I had convinced myself I would get Akbar back within a day or two. It was foolish to build up my hopes.’

‘It was only natural. I’d let myself hope too. I also must learn patience and persistence. Taking strength from each other we will endure and succeed.’

A few minutes later, Humayun entered his command tent, sat down, took a piece of paper and scratched a few sentences on it. Then, though it was growing late, he summoned his war council.

‘Ahmed Khan, I want you to send a detachment of your men to Kandahar tonight taking this letter to my half-brother Askari. My message to him is simple. “Tomorrow I will ride at the head of my forces to your gates. If you open them to me, as you promised our sister, you will keep your life though you will be my prisoner. If you attempt in any way to deceive me, your life — and the lives of your men — are forfeit. The choice is yours.”’

As Ahmed Khan hurried off, Humayun addressed the rest of his commanders.

‘Tomorrow, if my half-brother keeps his word, we will occupy Kandahar. Bairam Khan, I ask you to select two thousand of your men under the leadership of your most trustworthy senior officers to garrison the fortress.’

Bairam Khan nodded.‘I will choose from among my archers and musketeers and, if you agree, Majesty, I will also detail a detachment of cavalry to remain to patrol the surrounding country.’

‘An excellent suggestion, Bairam Khan. Once our garrison is in place in Kandahar, we set out for Kabul. Though it is a long journey through difficult mountain terrain, we must travel hard and fast. Every day that passes gives my half-brother more time to buy allies and strengthen his position there.’

‘What about our baggage train? That will slow us,’ asked Zahid Beg.

‘We will carry what we can with us and designate a small force to protect the baggage train, including our cannon, which must follow at the best pace it can. But the hour grows late. We will meet again an hour before dawn to prepare for our advance on Kabul.’

The long valley, framed to north and south by sweeping grey mountains, was filled with tents radiating out in lines from the centre where Humayun’s scarlet command tent stood. To its right were the tents of his senior officers, a bright scarlet banner streaming from the roof of Bairam Khan’s. To the left, enclosed by wooden screens fastened together by leather thongs, were the haram tents where the women had their private accommodation. Hamida and Gulbadan had insisted on travelling with Humayun rather than with the slower baggage column and neither had murmured a word of complaint about the forced marches of fourteen hours a day.

But despite their efforts Kabul still lay nearly a hundred and fifty miles away to the northeast and there was little Humayun could do to increase their pace. All the time it was growing colder. Though it was only early October, the gusting winds already carried a few flakes of snow. Before too long it would be full winter.

At least as he advanced his army was swelling with new recruits. Ahmed Khan had just told him that another group of deserters from Kamran had ridden into the camp offering him their allegiance. Humayun had ordered the leader to be brought to him for questioning.

Half an hour later, Humayun looked down at the man lying at his feet, arms outstretched, in the formal obeisance of the korunush. From his black boots embroidered with red stars, an emblem of their clan, Humayun guessed he was a chieftain of the Kafirs who dwelled in the kotals, the high, narrow passes around Kabul. The Kafirs were notorious turncoats. When Humayun was just a boy, his father had made an example of the men of one Kafir village who had murdered his envoys by having them impaled before the walls of Kabul so that the earth had been stained red with their blood.

‘Get up. You are a Kafir, are you not?’

‘Yes, Majesty.’ The man, weather-beaten, squat and bandy-legged, looked gaunt and his sheepskin jerkin was torn.

‘Why have you and your men come here?’

‘To offer to serve you, Majesty.’

‘But you served my half-brother Kamran, didn’t you?’

The Kafir nodded.

‘Why did you desert him?’

‘He broke his word. He promised us gold but he gave us nothing. When two of my men complained he had them flung from the walls of the citadel of Kabul.’

‘When was this?’

‘Three weeks ago. A few days later, when your brother sent us foraging into the mountains, we did not return but came in search of your army.’

‘What was happening in Kabul before you left?’

‘Your brother was fortifying the citadel and laying in supplies ready for a siege — that was why he sent parties like ours out foraging. He fears you, Majesty. He knows, as does the whole of Kabul, that you are advancing with a great army. . that you have Persian troops under your command and that in the eyes of the world you, not he, is padishah. . ’

Humayun ignored the man’s ingratiating smile. ‘Do you know anything about my infant son? Did you see him in Kabul?’

The man looked blank. ‘No, Majesty. I did not even know he was there. . ’

‘You are sure — you heard nothing of a royal child brought with his wet-nurse from Kandahar?’

‘No, Majesty, nothing.’

Humayun studied the Kafir chieftain for a few moments. The man had no allegiance to anyone or anything. All he cared about was who had the fattest purse. And he had been in Kamran’s service. Humayun’s instinct was to have him and his men ejected from the camp. But that would send out a bad message to other clans thinking of joining him. The struggle ahead would be long and hard and he would need every soldier he could get. His own father had made good use of the wild mountain tribes’ ferocious fighting skills, though he had kept a tight rein on them.

‘You and your men may join my army, but understand this. Any disobedience, any disloyalty will be punished by death. If you serve me well, once Kabul has fallen you will be generously rewarded. Do you accept?’

‘Yes, Majesty.’

Humayun turned to his guards. ‘Take this man to Zahid Beg so he can decide what use to make of him and his companions.’

As the setting sun cast purple shadows over the valley and dusk came tumbling down, Humayun once more felt the need for solitude, the need to escape if only for a little while from the burden of his responsibilities. Dismissing his guards and wrapping his cloak around him, he set off northwards through the lines of tents, intending to walk the perimeter of the encampment. Instead, when he reached the edge of the camp he continued beyond it, past the pickets, drawn by the outlines of the mountains beyond as they folded away into the greater darkness.

For a while, he followed a goat track as it climbed steeply upwards. Below him he could see the orange lights of a hundred camp fires as his men cooked their evening meal. In a few minutes he must return to eat with Hamida and Gulbadan in the haram tent, but there was something compelling about the absolute stillness out on the mountainside. Glancing up, Humayun looked at the stars. Low on the horizon was Canopus — that brightest, most auspicious of stars that his father had seen on his way to Kabul and that had given him such hope. Now he hoped it was shining for him too.