«Великий Гэтсби» и другие лучшие произведения Ф.С. Фицджеральда - читать бесплатно онлайн полную версию книги автора Френсис Скотт Фицджеральд (ч. notes)

Примечания

1

the East – here: the Eastern states of the USA

2

the Civil War – the American Civil War of 1861–1865 between the United States of America and the Confederate States of America (11 Southern states that seceded from the Union in 1860)

3

New Haven – Americans associate New Haven with Yale University – a private university in New Haven, Connecticut; the third oldest university in the United States, founded in 1701, it was named for Elihu Yale, a British philanthropist.

4

Teutonic = Germanic; Teutonic peoples were peoples of the Germanic group of the Indo-European family.

5

the Great War – World War I of 1914—1918

6

West Egg village – a residential area of Long Island

7

Midas – in Greco-Roman legend, a foolish and greedy king of Phrygia who wished everything he touched turn into gold

8

Morgan – John Pierpont Morgan (1837–1913), a prominent American financier and industrialist

9

Maecenas – Gaius Maecenas (70 BC—8 BC), a Roman diplomat, statesman and patron of Virgil and Horace, the most famous ancient Roman poets

10

Long Island Sound – the arm of the Atlantic Ocean between the states of New York and Connecticut in the north and Long Island in the south; Long Island is an island in the Atlantic Ocean in the southeast of New York state, parallel to the shore of Connecticut.

11

the egg in the Columbus story – the egg crushed flat at one end; here: the unusual shape of the formation of land.

12

yards – yard is a unit of length equal to 0.9144 metre

13

Hotel de Ville = city hall (French)

14

Normandy – a historic region in northern France with its own culture, and a long and rich history

15

acres – acre is a unit of land measurement equal to 4.047 square metres

16

East Egg – an area of Long Island

17

Lake Forest – a city in Lake county in northeastern Illinois, first settled in 1835

18

Georgian Colonial (style) – various styles in architecture and decorative arts in 1714–1830, between George I and the death of George IV, kings of Great Britain

19

mile – unit of distance equal to 1.609 km

20

claret – red Bordeaux wine from the region of the city of Bordeaux, known since Roman times

21

Nordics, the Nordic race – Northern European peoples of Scandinavia, Finland and Iceland; a Northern physical type is blond, tall, bony.

22

the Cunard or White Star Line – the Cunard White Star Line Ltd., the first regular Atlantic steamship line between England and North America, founded by Sir Samuel Cunard (1787–1865)

23

feet – pl. from foot – unit of length equal to 30.48 cm

24

the Saturday Evening Post – American weekly journal published in Philadelphia from 1821 till 1969

25

rotogravure – a kind of gravure printed by means of transferring liquid ink from depressions in the printing plate to the paper

26

Asheville – a city in the Blue Ridge Mountains in west-central Carolina, first settled in 1794

27

Hot Springs – a city and spa resort in central Arkansas

28

Palm Beach – a resort town in southeastern Florida

29

Louisville – the largest city of Kentucky, first settled in 1773

30

Doctor T. J. Eckleburg – the billboard with the eyes of Doctor T.J. Eckleburg, an optometrist, erected to promote his business; in the novel, the empty eyes on the billboard became the symbol of the post-war America.

31

the Fourth of July – Independence Day, the United States national holiday

32

muslin – cotton fabric, first made in the city of Mosul in what is now Iraq

33

Town Tattle – the name of a newspaper

34

John D. Rockefeller (1839—1937) – a prominent American industrialist and philanthropist

35

the West Hundreds – the hundredth streets in the west of New York City

36

Versailles – Palace of Versailles, the former French royal residence, built in 1631–1634 in the city of Versailles in northern France, 16 km west-southwest of Paris

37

Simon Called Peter – the name of the popular novel by Robert Keable (1887–1927) of the early 1920s; the title is an allusion to Saint Peter the Apostle whose original name was Simon.

38

Kaiser Wilhelm – Wilhelm II (1859–1941), German emperor and King of Prussia till the end of World War I (1918)

39

Monte Carlo – a resort on the French Riviera in Monaco, known for its casino opened in 1861

40

Marseilles – a city in southern France and one of the major ports on the Mediterranean Sea

41

Brook’n Bridge – Brooklyn Bridge that connects Brooklyn, a borough of New York City, to Manhattan

42

Tribune – here: the ‘New York Herald Tribune,’ an American daily newspaper

43

Castile – a historic region in central Spain

44

the Follies – a popular variety show

45

Gothic – a style in architecture, painting and sculpture in Western and Central Europe from the 12^th century to the end of the 16th century

46

Stoddard Lectures – popular illustrated lectures about various countries by John L. Stoddard (1850–1931)

47

Belasco – David Belasco (1853–1931), American playwright, theatrical producer and innovator

48

banjoes – banjo is a stringed musical instrument of African origin

49

Carnegie Hall – a historic concert hall in New York City, opened in 1891, named for Andrew Carnegie, its founder and first owner

50

Jersey City – a city in northeastern New Jersey, located on a peninsula between the Hudson and the Hackensack rivers opposite Manhattan Island

51

Von Hindenburg – Paul von Hindenburg (1847–1934), German field marshal during World War I and then, in 1925–1934, the second president of Germany (of the so called Weimar Republic)

52

Maine – the US state in the northeast, one of the original New England states

53

American Legion – organization of United States war veterans, founded in 1919

54

Bois de Boulogne – a large park on the Seine River west of Paris, founded in 1852

55

the Argonne Forest – the place of final battles on the Western front in eastern France during World War I

56

Lewis guns – machine guns widely used during World War I, invented by Isaac Newton Lewis (1859–1931)

57

Montenegro – one of the Balkan states on the Adriatic Sea

58

Trinity Quad – here: Trinity College, founded in 1554

59

the Grand Canal – the main waterway of Venice

60

Astoria – a commercial, industrial and residential area on Long Island

61

the Queensboro Bridge – the bridge over the East River in New York City

62

Blackwell’s Island – the former name of Roosevelt Island on the East River between the boroughs of Manhattan and Queens in New York City

63

highballs – highball is a cocktail of whisky mixed with soda and ice, served in a tall glass

64

the World’s Series – baseball championship of the two professional leagues: the American League and the National League; first held in 1903.

65

Sauterne – natural sweet wine from the district of Sauterne in France

66

the South Seas – a part of the Pacific Ocean where the Marquesas Islands, Tahiti, Hawaii, Samoa and the Gilbert Islands are located

67

Santa Barbara – a city on the Pacific Coast in southwestern California, founded in 1602 and named for the patron saint of mariners

68

Ventura – a city on the Pacific Coast in southern California, founded in 1782

69

Cannes – a resort city on the French Riviera in southeastern France

70

Deauville – a fashionable resort in northern France

71

Coney Island – an amusement area in the borough of Brooklyn in New York City

72

Clay – Henry Clay (1777–1852), American statesman noted for his system of economic stability and prosperity

73

Castle Rackrent – a historical novel by Maria Edgeworth (1767–1849), Anglo-Irish writer

74

Kant – Immanuel Kant (1724–1804), German philosopher, the author of many works on the theory of knowledge, ethics and aesthetics, one of the greatest philosophers of all time

75

Marie Antoinette (1755—1793) – queen of France, wife of Louis XVI of France; she was imprisoned and executed during the French Revolution.

76

Restoration – Bourbon Restoration of 1814–1830 when the Bourbon monarchs were restored to the throne

77

Chartreuse – liqueur made from more than 130 plants by the monks of La Grande Chartreuse in France

78

pompadour – a man’s hairstyle in which hair is combed back without a parting (US)

79

Lake Superior – the largest of the five Great Lakes of North America, located on the US-Canadian border

80

Platonic conception – here: idealistic conception; Plato (428 BC—328 BC) was one of the greatest ancient Greek philosophers, the student of Socrates and the teacher of Aristotle.

81

Lutheran – from Lutheranism, one of the five main branches of Protestantism (the branch of Western Christianity)

82

College of St. Olaf’s = St. Olaf College, a private higher educational institution in southeastern Minnesota, affiliated with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America; it was founded in 1874 by Norwegian immigrants, and named for Saint Olaf, the patron saint of Norway.

83

seventy-five – here: 1875

84

Madame de Maintenon (1635—1719) – the second wife and untitled queen of Louis XIV of France, noted for her piety and philanthropy

85

the West Indies – a group of islands in the Atlantic Ocean separating the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea from the ocean

86

Trimalchio – a fictional character, a very rich and vulgar person from ‘The Satyricon’ by Gaius Petronius Arbiter, Roman author

87

quart – measure of liquid capacity equal to 1.13 litre in Britain, and 0.94 litre in the USA

88

mint julep – a drink of whisky mixed with water, sugar, mint and ice

89

Mendelssohn – Felix Mendelssohn (1809–1847), German composer, conductor and pianist of the early Romantic period

90

Memphis – a city in southwestern Tennessee on the border with Arkansas and Mississippi

91

Kapiolani – a resort area in Honolulu, the capital and the main port of Hawaii

92

Atlantic City – a resort city on the Atlantic coast in southeastern New Jersey

93

Montreal – a city in southeastern Canada, the capital of Quebec province

94

‘Beale Street Blues’ – a song by W. C. Handy (1873–1958), Afro-American composer who integrated blues into ragtime music

95

Hempstead – a town in the west-central part of Long Island in New York state

96

Southampton – a town along the shore of eastern Long Island in southeastern New York state

97

coroner – an official who investigates the cases of violent or suspicious death

98

James J. Hill (1838—1916) – America financier and founder of Great Northern Railway Company (1890)

99

Hopalong Cassidy – a fictional cowboy created by Clarence E. Mulford (1883–1917), who later appeared in a number of American TV series, westerns and radio programs

100

‘Blessed are the dead that the rain falls on’ – a line from the poem ‘Rain’ by Edward Thomas (1878–1917), English writer, critic, essayist and poet

101

the Ohio – the major river of the east-central United States, one of the tributaries of the Mississippi River

102

El Greco – byname of Domenikos Theotokopoulos (1541–1614), Spanish painter, sculptor and architect of Greek origin, one of the greatest dramatic painters of all time

103

fêtes = holiday, festival (French); fun.

104

the French Riviera – the Mediterranean coast between Cannes in France and the border with Italy

105

Hôtel des Étrangers = Hotel for Foreigners (French)

106

the Maures – mountains in southeastern France, the part of the Maritime Alps that separate the Riviera from Provence

107

Provençal France – Provence, a historical and cultural region in southeastern France

108

French windows – large windows serving as windows and doors opening to the balcony or a garden

109

Buick – a car of the Buick line, named for David Buick (1854–1929), the first American automobile manufacturer and the founder of the Buick Manufacturing Company