секс. Молодые люди о любви, беспорядочных связях и современной мужественности - читать бесплатно онлайн полную версию книги автора Пегги Оренстейн (ч. notes)

Примечания

1

MGTOW (англ. Men Going Their Own Way – «мужчины, идущие своим путем») – сообщество, действующее преимущественно в интернете и продвигающее отделение мужчин от женщин и от общества, которое считается испорченным феминизмом. Прим. ред.

2

Джордан Питерсон (р. 1962) – профессор психологии в Университете Торонто, писатель, автор каналов YouTube. В 2016 г. подверг критике законопроект парламента Канады об обязательном использовании гендерно нейтральных местоимений по отношению к трансгендерным людям, назвав законодательное регулирование речи фашизмом, чем спровоцировал бурную общественную дискуссию. Прим. ред.

3

Американская система школьного образования делится на три уровня: начальная школа – с дошкольного образования до пятого класса, средняя школа – с шестого по восьмой классы и старшая школа – с девятого по двенадцатый. Прим. пер.

4

Heilman, Barker, and Harrison, “The Man Box.”

5

Undem and Wang, “The State of Gender Equality for U.S. Adolescents.”

6

Heilman, Barker, and Harrison, “The Man Box.” См. также Gallagher and Parrot, “What Accounts for Men’s Hostile Attitudes Toward Women?”

7

Pollack, Real Boys; Kimmel, Guyland.

8

Porter, “A Call to Men”; Heilman, Barker, and Harrison, “The Man Box.” См. также American Psychological Association, Boys and Men Guidelines Group, “Guidelines for Psychological Practice with Boys and Men.”

9

Heilman, Barker, and Harrison, “The Man Box”; June Gruber and Jessica Borelli, “The Importance of Fostering Emotional Diversity in Boys,” Scientific American, December 12, 2017, https://tinyurl.com/y92mk2xg; Baugher and Gazmararian, “Masculine Gender Role Stress and Violence”; Wong, Ringo Ho, Wang, et al., “Meta-Analyses of the Relationship Between Conformity to Masculine Norms and Mental Health-Related Outcomes”; Alia E. Dastagir, “Gender Stereotypes are Destroying Girls, and They’re Killing Boys,” USA Today, September 21, 2017, https://tinyurl.com/yae8qajo; American Psychological Association, “Sexism May Be Harmful to Men’s Mental Health”; Lutz-Zois, Moler, and Brown, “Mechanisms for the Association between Traditional Masculine Ideologies and Rape Myth Acceptance Among College Men”; Gallagher and Parrot, “What Accounts for Men’s Hostile Attitudes Toward Women?”

10

Pollack, Real Boys; Kimmel calls it the “Guy Code” in Guyland.

11

Pollack, Real Boys; Kimmel calls it the “Guy Code” in Guyland.

12

Weinberg, Tronick, Cohn, et al., “Gender Differences in Emotional Expressivity and Self-Regulation During Early Infancy.” См. также Brody, “The Socialization of Gender Differences in Emotional Expression.”

13

Condry and Condry, “Sex Differences.” Если респондентам говорили, что это девочка, эмоцию чаще описывали как «страх». В аналогичной ситуации с детьми дошкольного возраста по отношению к мальчикам эмоцию чаще описывали как «раздражение», а по отношению к девочкам – как «страх». Widen and Russell, “Gender and Preschoolers’ Perception of Emotion.”

14

van der Pol, Groeneveld, van Berkel, et al., “Fathers’ and Mothers’ Emotion Talk with Their Girls and Boys from Toddlerhood to Preschool Age”; Johnson, Caskey, Rand, et al., “Gender Differences in Adult-Infant Communication in the First Months of Life”; Aznar and Tenenbaum, “Spanish Parents’ Emotion Talk and Their Children’s Understanding of Emotion.”

15

Gruber and Borelli, “The Importance of Fostering Emotional Diversity in Boys.”

16

Kristina Dell, “Mothers Talk Differently to Daughters than Sons: Study,” Time, November 13, 2014, https://tinyurl.com/y2fcwxos; van der Pol, Groeneveld, van Berkel, et al., “Fathers’ and Mothers’ Emotion Talk with Their Girls and Boys from Toddlerhood to Preschool Age.”

17

Noah Berlatsky, “How Boys Teach Each Other to Be Boys,” The Atlantic, June 6, 2014, https://tinyurl.com/y3rnb8mj; Vicki Zakrzewski, “Debunking the Myths About Boys and Emotions,” Greatergood.com, December 1, 2014, https://tinyurl.com/y45audg3.

18

Blum, Mmari, and Moreau, “It Begins at 10: How Gender Expectations Shape Early Adolescence Around the World.”

19

Pollack, Real Boys. См. также Way, Deep Secrets.

20

Molly Babel, Grant McGuire, and Joseph King, “Toward a More Nuanced View of Vocal Attractiveness,” PLoS ONE, February 19, 2014, https://tinyurl.com/y5u474ng.

21

Gruber and Borelli, “The Importance of Fostering Emotional Diversity in Boys.”

22

Lauren Bans, “Bawl So Hard,” GQ, June 8, 2015, https://tinyurl.com/y6alzpt4.

23

Michael A. Schottey, “The Rules for Crying in Sports,” Askmen.com, https://tinyurl.com/y4228smf.

24

Wong, Steinfeldt, LaFollette, et al., “Men’s Tears.” См. также Jared DeFife, “The Crying Game: Male Athletes Shedding Tears,” Psychology Today, January 14, 2012, https://tinyurl.com/y5la566s.

25

Lipsyte, “Jocks vs. Pukes,” The Nation, July 27, 2011, https://goo.gl/eoxXfF.

26

Lipsyte, “Jocks vs. Pukes,” The Nation, July 27, 2011, https://goo.gl/eoxXfF.

27

Lipsyte, “Jocks vs. Pukes,” The Nation, July 27, 2011, https://goo.gl/eoxXfF. См. также Steinfeldt, Foltz, Mungro, et al., “Masculinity Socialization in Sports”.

28

Pascoe, Dude, You’re a Fag. См. также Funk and Werhun, “‘You’re Such a Girl!’”

29

Paula Lavigne, “OTL: College Athletes Three Times More Likely to Be Named in Title IX Sexual Misconduct Complaints,” ESPN.com, November 3, 2018, https://tinyurl.com/y5urjnbm.

30

Shreya Chattopadhyay and Trina Paul, “2013 DU Minutes, Past Members Provide Window into Culture of Frat,” The Phoenix, May 2, 2019, https://tinyurl.com/y689j7bl; Julie Turkewitz, “Swarthmore Fraternities Disband After Uproar Over ‘Rape Attic’ Documents,” New York Times, May 1, 2019, A19; Bayliss Wagner, Naomi Park, Trina Paul, et al., “Cult of Misogyny: Leaked Internal Documents Reveal Silence Around Harmful Culture at Phi Psi,” The Phoenix, April 18, 2019, https://tinyurl.com/y2cjzym7. Подробнее о характеристиках сообществ, отличающихся высокорискованным поведением, см. Boswell and Spade, “Fraternities and Collegiate Rape Culture.”