The following terms have been left untranslated in the text (most can be intuited from the context):
dan 旦: a female role in Chinese opera
dieh 爹: dad (father), especially popular in northern China
gandieh 干爹: a benefactor, surrogate father, “sugar daddy”
ganerzi 干儿子: the “son” of a gandieh
ganniang 干娘: a surrogate mother
gongdieh 公爹: father-in-law
jin 斤: a traditional unit of weight with sixteen liang 两
kang 炕: a brick sleeping platform, often heated by a fire beneath
laotaiye 老太爷: a respectful term of address for a man of advanced age or high status
laoye 老爷: a more common form of laotaiye
niang 娘: mom (mother), especially popular in northern China
qinjia 亲家: related as in-laws; the parent(s) of a married couple
shaoye 少爷: a young “laoye”
sheng 生: a male role in Chinese opera
shifu 师傅: a teacher, master of a trade
yamen 衙门: an official government office and residence in dynastic China
yayi 衙役: yamen clerks, runners, minor functionaries
yuanwailang 员外郎: an official who has retired to his native home; an official title
zhuangyuan 状元: the top scholar in the Imperial Examination; the best in a field