SELECTED SOURCES

ARTICLES

Akerlof, George A. “The Market for ‘Lemons’: Quality Uncertainty and the Market Mechanism.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 84, no. 3 (August 1970), pp. 488–500.

Alderman, Liz. “Under Chinese, a Greek Port Thrives.” New York Times, October 19, 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/11/business/global/chinese-company-sets-new-rhythm-in-port-of-piraeus.html.

Alderman, Liz, and Demitris Bounias. “Privatizing Greece, Slowly but Not Surely.” New York Times, November 18, 2012, www.nytimes.com/glogin?URI=http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/18/business/privatizing-greece-slowly-but-not-surely.html.

Allouni, Tayser. “A Discussion on the New Crusader Wars,” October 21, 2001, http://www.religioscope.com/info/doc/jihad/ubl_int_2.htm.

Ambinder, Marc. “The Day After.” National Journal, April 11, 2011, http://www.nationaljournal.com/magazine/government-still-unprepared-for-disaster-20110411.

Åslund, Anders. “Southern Europe Ignores Lessons from Latvia at Its Peril,” Peterson Institute for International Economics, Policy Brief no. PB12-17, June 2012, http://www.iie.com/publications/pb/pb12-17.pdf.

———. “Paul Krugman’s Baltic Problem,” Foreign Policy, September 13, 2012, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/09/13/paul_krugmans_baltic_problem.

Bak, Per. “The Devil’s Staircase.” Physics Today 39, no. 12 (1986), pp. 38–45.

———. “Catastrophes and Self-Organized Criticality.” Computers in Physics, no. 5 (1991), pp. 430–33.

Barnett, Lionel, Joseph T. Lizier, Michael Harré, Anil K. Seth, and Terry Bossomaier. “Information Flow in a Kinetic Ising Model Peaks in the Disordered Phase.” Physical Review Letters 111, no. 17 (2013), pp. 177203-1–177203-3, http://prl.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v111/i17/e177203.

Barro, Robert J. “Are Government Bonds Net Wealth?” Journal of Political Economy 82 (1974), pp. 1095–117.

Barro, Robert J., and Charles J. Redlick. “Macroeconomic Effects from Government Purchases and Taxes.” National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper no. 15369, September 2009, http://www.nber.org/papers/w15369.

Barsky, Robert B., and Lawrence H. Summers. “Gibson’s Paradox and the Gold Standard.” Journal of Political Economy 96 (1988), pp. 528–50.

Basher, Dr. Syed Abul. “Regional Initiative in the Gulf: Search for a GCC Currency.” Paper presented at the International Institute for Strategic Studies Seminar, Bahrain, September 30, 2012, http://www.iiss.org/en/events/geo-economics%20seminars/geo-economics%20seminars/archive/currencies-of-power-and-the-power-of-currencies-38db.\

Benoit, Angeline, Manuel Baigorri, and Emma Ross-Thomas. “Rajoy Drives Spanish Revolution with Low-Cost Manufacture.” Bloomberg, December 19, 2012, http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-12-19/rajoy-drives-spanish-revolution-with-low-cost-manufacture.html.

Berkmen, S. Pelin. “Bank of Japan’s Quantitative and Credit Easing: Are They Now More Effective?” IMF Working Paper no. WP/12/2, January 2012, http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2012/wp1202.pdf.

Bernanke, Ben S. “Irreversibility, Uncertainty, and Cyclical Investment.” National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper no. 502, July 1980, http://www.nber.org/papers/w502.

———. “The Macroeconomics of the Great Depression: A Comparative Approach.” Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 27 (1995), pp. 1–28.

———. “Deflation: Making Sure ‘It’ Doesn’t Happen Here.” Address to the National Economists Club, Washington, D.C., November 21, 2002, http://www.federalreserve.gov/boarddocs/speeches/2002/20021121/default.htm.

———. “U.S. Monetary Policy and International Implications.” Remarks at IMF–Bank of Japan seminar, Tokyo, October 14, 2012, http://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/speech/bernanke20121014a.htm.

———. “Monetary Policy and the Global Economy.” Speech at the London School of Economics, London, March 25, 2013, http://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/speech/bernanke20130325a.htm.

Blanchard, Oliver, and Roberto Perotti. “An Empirical Characterization of the Dynamic Effects of Changes in Government Spending and Taxes on Output.” Quarterly Journal of Economics (2002), pp. 1329–68.

Bouras, Stelios, and Philip Pangalos. “Foreign Money Is Revisiting Greece.” Wall Street Journal, February 25, 2013, p. C1, http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424127887323864304578320431435196910.

Bumiller, Elisabeth. “Bin Laden, on Tape, Boasts of Trade Center Attacks; U.S. Says It Proves His Guilt.” New York Times, December 14, 2001, http://www.nytimes.com/2001/12/14/world/nation-challenged-video-bin-laden-tape-boasts-trade-center-attacks-us-says-it.html.

Buttonwood. “The Real Deal—Low Real Interest Rates Are Usually Bad New for Equity Markets.” Economist, October 20, 2012, http://www.economist.com/news/finance-and-economics/21564845-low-real-interest-rates-are-usually-bad-news-equity-markets.

———. “The Euro Zone Crisis: Growth Problem.” Economist, December 17, 2012, http://www.economist.com/blogs/buttonwood/2012/12/euro-zone-crisis.

“Cargo Plane with 1.5 Tons of Gold Held in Istanbul.” Hurriyet Daily News, January 5, 2013, http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/cargo-plane-with-15-tons-of-gold-held-in-istanbul-.aspx?pageID=238&nid=38427.

Cendrowicz, Leo. “Switzerland Celebrates World’s Longest Rail Tunnel.” Time, October 20, 2010, http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,2026369,00.html.

Chesney, Marc, Remo Crameri, and Loriano Mancini. “Detecting Informed Trading Activities in the Options Markets.” Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper no. 11-42 (July 2012), http://ssrn.com/abstract=1522157.

“China, Russia Sign Five-Point Joint Statement,” Xinhua, June 18, 2009, http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-06/18/content_11558133.htm.

Christ, Carl F. “A Short-Run Aggregate-Demand Model of the Interdependence and Effects of Monetary and Fiscal Policies with Keynesian and Classical Interest Elasticities.” American Economic Review 57, no. 2 (May 1967).

Clark, Andrew. “The Guardian Profile: Stephen Schwarzman.” Guardian, June 15, 2007, http://www.theguardian.com/business/2007/jun/15/4.

Cogan, John F., Tobias Cwik, John B. Taylor, and Volker Wieland. “New Keynesian Versus Old Keynesian Government Spending Multipliers.” National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper no. 14782, March 2009, http://www.nber.org/papers/w14782.

Cogan, John F., and John B. Taylor. “The Obama Stimulus Impact? Zero.” Wall Street Journal, December 9, 2010, http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052748704679204575646603792267296.

Das, Mitali, and Papa N’Diaye. “Chronicle of a Decline Foretold: Has China Reached the Lewis Turning Point?” IMF Working Paper no. WP/13/26, January 2013, http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/cat/longres.aspx?sk=40281.0.

Davis, Bob. “China Tries to Shut Rising Income Gap.” Wall Street Journal, December 11, 2012, p. A14, http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424127887324640104578161493858722884.

Del Negro, Marco, Marc Giannoni, and Christina Patterson. “The Forward Guidance Puzzle.” Federal Reserve Bank of New York, Staff Report no. 574, October 2012, http://newyorkfed.org/research/staff_reports/sr574.pdf.

Dell’Ariccia, Giovanni, Luc Laeven, and Gustavo Suarez. “Bank Leverage and Monetary Policy’s Risk-Taking Channel: Evidence from the United States.” IMF Working Paper no. WP/13/143, June 2013, http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/cat/longres.aspx?sk=40642.0.

Dixon, Hugo. “The Gloom Around Greece Is Dissipating.” New York Times, April 21, 2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/22/business/global/the-gloom-around-greece-is-dissipating.html.

Eichengreen, Barry. “The Dollar Dilemma: The World’s Top Currency Faces Competition.” Foreign Affairs, September–October 2009, pp. 53–68.

Eichengreen, Barry, and Marc Flandreau. “The Rise and Fall of the Dollar, Or When Did the Dollar Replace Sterling as the Leading Reserve Currency?” National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper no. 14154, July 2008, http://www.nber.org/papers/w14154.

Eichengreen, Barry, and Douglas A. Irwin. “The Slide to Protectionism in the Great Depression: Who Succumbed and Why?” National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper no. 15142, July 2009, http://www.nber.org/papers/w15142.

eThekwini Declaration. Fifth BRICS Summit, Durban, South Africa, March 27, 2013, http://www.brics5.co.za/assets/eThekwini-Declaration-and-Action-Plan-MASTER-27-MARCH-2013.pdf.

Evans-Pritchard, Ambrose. “Beijing Hints at Bond Attack on Japan.” Telegraph, September 18, 2012, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/china-business/9551727/Beijing-hints-at-bond-attack-on-Japan.html.

———. “Japan’s Shinzo Abe Prepares to Print Money for the Whole World.” Telegraph, December 17, 2012, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/economics/9751609/Japans-Shinzo-Abe-prepares-to-print-money-for-the-whole-world.html.

Falliere, Nicolas, Liam O. Murchu, and Eric Chien. “W.32.Stuxnet Dossier Version 1.4,” Symantec, February 2011, http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/w32_stuxnet_dossier.pdf.

Farchy, Jack. “Iran Bought Gold to Cut Dollar Exposure.” Financial Times, March 20, 2011, http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/cc350008-5325-11e0-86e6-00144feab49a.html.

Farchy, Jack, and Roula Khalaf. “Gold Key to Financing Gaddafi Struggle.” Financial Times, March 21, 2011, http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/588ce75a-53e4-11e0-8bd7-00144feab49a.html.

Faucon, Benoît. “U.S. Warns Russia on Iranian Bank.” Wall Street Journal, December 11, 2012, http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424127887323330604578145071930969966.

Ferguson, Niall. “Complexity and Collapse: Empires on the Edge of Chaos.” Foreign Affairs, March–April 2010, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/65987/niall-ferguson/complexity-and-collapse.

Fisher, Irving. “The Debt-Deflation Theory of Great Depressions.” Econometrica (1933), available from the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/docs/meltzer/fisdeb33.pdf.

Fisher, Max. “Syrian Hackers Claim AP Hack That Tipped Stock Market by $136 Billion. Is It Terrorism?” Washington Post, April 23, 2013, http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2013/04/23/syrian-hackers-claim-ap-hack-that-tipped-stock-market-by-136-billion-is-it-terrorism.

Flavelle, Christopher. “Debunking the ‘Wealth Effect.’” Slate, June 10, 2008, http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/hey_wait_a_minute/2008/06/debunking_the_wealth_effect.html.

Forbes, Kristin. “Why Do Foreigners Invest in the United States?” National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper no. 13908, April 2008, http://www.nber.org/papers/w13908.

Gang, Xiao. “Regulating Shadow Banking.” China Daily, October 12, 2012, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/2012-10/12/content_15812305.htm.

Gelb, Leslie H. “GDP Now Matters More Than Force: A U.S. Policy for the Age of Economic Power.” Foreign Affairs, November–December 2010, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/66858/leslie-h-gelb/gdp-now-matters-more-than-force.

Gill, Indermit, and Martin Raiser. “Golden Growth: Restoring the Lustre of the European Economic Model.” International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 2012, http://issuu.com/world.bank.publications/docs/9780821389652.

“Gold Seized at Istanbul Airport Was Allegedly for Iran.” Voice of Russia, January 6, 2013, http://voiceofrussia.com/2013_01_06/Gold-seized-at-Istanbul-airport-was-allegedly-for-Iran.

Goodhart, Charles. “Central Banks Walk Inflation’s Razor Edge.” Financial Times, January 30, 2013, http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/744e4a96-661c-11e2-b967-00144feab49a.html.

Hanemann, Thilo, and Daniel H. Rosen. “China Invests in Europe, Patterns, Impacts and Policy Implications.” Rhodium Group, June 2012, http://download.www.arte.tv/permanent/u1/Quand-la-Chine/RHG_ChinaInvestsInEurope_June2012[1].pdf.

Hanke, Steve H. “The Federal Reserve vs. Small Business.” Cato Institute, June 3, 2013, http://www.cato.org/blog/federal-reserve-vs-small-business-0.

———. “Syria’s Annual Inflation Hits 200%.” Cato Institute, July 1, 2013, http://www.cato.org/blog/syrias-annual-inflation-hits-200.

Hayek, Friedrich. “The Use of Knowledge in Society.” American Economic Review 35, no. 4 (September 1945), pp. 519–30, http://www.econlib.org/library/Essays/hykKnw1.html.

“Heirs of Mao’s Comrades Rise as New Capitalist Nobility.” Bloomberg News, December 26, 2012, http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-12-26/immortals-beget-china-capitalism-from-citic-to-godfather-of-golf.html.

Hetzel, Robert L. “Monetary Policy in the 2008–2009 Recession.” Economic Quarterly 95 (2009), pp. 201–33.

Higgins, Andrew. “Used to Hardship, Latvia Accepts Austerity, and Its Pain Eases.” New York Times, January 1, 2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/02/world/europe/used-to-hardship-latvia-accepts-austerity-and-its-pain-eases.html?pagewanted=all.

Hiro, Dilip. “Shanghai Surprise—The Summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Reveals How Power Is Shifting in the World.” Guardian, June 16, 2006, http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2006/jun/16/shanghaisurprise.

Hunt, Lacy H. “The Fed’s Flawed Model.” Casey Research, May 28, 2013, http://www.caseyresearch.com/articles/the-feds-flawed-model.

International Monetary Fund. “Currency Composition of Official Foreign Exchange Reserves (COFER),” http://www.imf.org/external/np/sta/cofer/eng/index.htm.

———. “Proposal for a General Allocation of SDRs.” Report, June 9, 2009, http://www.imf.org/external/np/pp/eng/2009/060909.pdf.

———. “A Framework for the Fund’s Issuance of Notes to the Official Sector,” June 17, 2009, http://www.imf.org/external/np/pp/eng/2009/063009.pdf.

———. “IMF to Begin On-Market Sales of Gold.” Press Release no. 10/44, February 17, 2010, http://www.imf.org/external/np/sec/pr/2010/pr1044.htm.

———. “Systematic Risk and the Redesign of Financial Regulation.” Global Financial Stability Report, April 2010, http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/gfsr/2010/01/pdf/chap2.pdf.

———. “The IMF-FSB Early Warning Exercise: Design and Methodological Toolkit.” September 2010, http://www.imf.org/external/np/pp/eng/2010/090110.pdf.

———. “IMF Determines New Currency Weights for SDR Valuation Basket.” Press Release no. 10/434, November 15, 2010, http://www.imf.org/external/np/sec/pr/2010/pr10434.htm.

Jaffe, Greg. “U.S. Model for a Future War Fans Tensions with China and Inside Pentagon.” Washington Post, August 1, 2012, http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-08-01/world/35492126_1_china-tensions-china-threat-pentagon.

Kaminski, Matthew. “Guy Sorman: Why Europe Will Rise Again.” Wall Street Journal, August 18, 2011, p. A11, http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10000872396390444375104577592850332409044.

———. “Trying to Save Europe, ‘Step by Step.’” Wall Street Journal, December 4, 2012, p. A17, http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424127887323901604578157282337844170.

Kannan, Prakash, and Fritzi Köhler-Geib. “The Uncertainty Channel of Contagion.” IMF Working Paper no. WP/09/219, October 2009, http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2009/wp09219.pdf.

“Kazakhstan—Two Decades of Global Initiatives.” First Magazine, http://www.firstmagazine.com/DownloadSpecialReportDetail.1225.ashx.

Khalifa, Sherif, Ousmane Seck, and Elwin Tobing. “Financial Wealth Effect: Evidence from Threshold Estimation.” Applied Economics Letters 18, no. 13 (2011), http://business.fullerton.edu/economics/skhalifa/publication13.pdf.

King, Mervyn. “Do We Need an International Monetary System?” Speech given at Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research, March 11, 2011, http://www.bankofengland.co.uk/publications/Documents/speeches/2011/speech480.pdf.

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———. “Sticky Wages and the Macro Story.” New York Times, July 22, 2012, http://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/07/22/sticky-wages-and-the-macro-story.

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Lee, Il Houng, Murtaza Syed, and Liu Xueyan. “Is China Over-Investing and Does It Matter?” IMF Working Paper no. WP/12/277, November 2012, http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/cat/longres.aspx?sk=40121.0.

Lee, Il Houng, Xu Qingjun, and Murtaza Syed. “China’s Demography and Its Implications.” IMF Working Paper no. WP/13/82, March 28, 2013, http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/cat/longres.aspx?sk=40446.0.

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McCulley, Paul, and Zoltan Pozsar. “Helicopter Money: Or How I Stopped Worrying and Love Fiscal-Monetary Cooperation.” GIC Global Society of Fellows, January 7, 2013, http://www.interdependence.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Helicopter_Money_Final1.pdf.

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———. “Trillion-Dollar Deficits Are Sustainable for Now, Unfortunately.” American Enterprise Institute, December 13, 2012, http://www.aei.org/outloook/trillion-dollar-deficits-are-sustainable-for-now-unfortunately.

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Reinhart, Carmen M., and M. Belen Sbrancia. “The Liquidation of Government Debt.” National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper no. 16893, March 2011, http://www.nber.org/papers/w16893.

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———. “Keynesianism, Monetarism and Complexity.” Reuters Rolfe Winkler Capital Jungle Blog, January 7, 2010, http://blogs.reuters.com/rolfe-winkler/2010/01/07/keynesianism-monetarism-and-complexity.

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———. “In a Two-Faced Euro Zone, Financial Conditions Ease and Joblessness Rises.” Washington Post, March 1, 2013, http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-03-01/business/37373712_1_euro-zone-holdings-euro-zone-17-nation-currency-zone.

Singh, Manmohan, and James Aitken. “The (Sizable) Role of Rehypothecation in the Shadow Banking System.” IMF Working Paper no. WP/10/172, July 2010, http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2010/wp10172.pdf.

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———. “Dragon-Kings, Black Swans and the Prediction of Crises.” International Journal of Terraspace Science and Engineering (December 2009), http://arxiv.org/pdf/0907.4290.pdf.

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Stein, Jeremy C. “Overheating in Credit Markets: Origins, Measurement, and Policy Responses.” Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Research Symposium, February 7, 2013, http://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/speech/stein20130207a.htm.

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———. “Escaping from a Liquidity Trap and Deflation: The Foolproof Way and Others.” National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper no. 10195, December 2003, http://www.nber.org/papers/w10195.

Taylor, Jason E., and Richard K. Vedder. “Stimulus by Spending Cuts: Lessons from 1946.” Cato Institute, Cato Policy Report, May–June 2010, http://www.cato.org/policy-report/mayjune-2010/stimulus-spending-cuts-lessons-1946.

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