When court reconvened, officer Hanson resumed the stand. “Now, then,” Dirkson said. “With regard to the message we just heard-the one you found on the defendant’s answering machine-you say you found this message when you searched her apartment?”
“That’s right.”
“I believe you stated that the light on the answering machine was on but not blinking? Is that right?”
“Yes, it is.”
“And what did that indicate with regard to the function of the machine?”
“That there had been no messages since the machine had been set.”
“And how do you account for the message we just heard?”
“As I said before, that was an old message.”
“Old?”
Officer Hanson held up his hand. “Now, don’t get me wrong. It could have been a very recent message. All I mean is, it was a message that was made prior to the time the machine had been set.”
“Let me be sure I understand this,” Dirkson said. “When that message came in and was recorded, what would have happened to the red light on the machine?”
“It would have begun blinking. To indicate there was a message on the machine.”
“I see. And what would cause it to stop blinking?”
“It would stop blinking when the message was played. The way the machine works is, you see the light blinking and you know you have a message. You press play to listen to that message. When the message is finished playing, the red light remains on but steady, indicating the answering machine is once again ready to record. If it is left that way it will record the next incoming message over the previous message. As I said before.”
“What if you wanted to save that message?”
“There is a button marked save on the machine. If you press that button after listening to the message, the red light will begin blinking again to indicate there is a message, and that message will be saved. If another call should come in, it will be recorded after that message. The machine would then blink twice to indicate there were two messages.”
“I see. And since the light was steady, what did that indicate?”
“That the message had been listened to but not saved.”
Since that was the very point on which Steve Winslow’s earlier objection had been sustained, Dirkson could not resist a triumphant grin. “Now that’s the point I’d like to bring out, officer,” he said. “There’s no doubt then that this message had been listened to?”
Officer Hanson shook his head. “None at all. If the light were blinking, there would be room for doubt. In that case, either the message hadn’t been listened to, or it had been listened to and saved. But if the light is steady, there’s only one way that could have happened. And that’s if the message had been played back.”
Dirkson nodded his approval. “Thank you. That’s all.”
Steve Winslow got to his feet. He smiled. “Officer Hanson, believe you mentioned this was the first micro-cassette you ever marked with your initials?”
Hanson grinned. “That is correct.”
“But you seem to know an awful lot about answering machines I was wondering-what exactly is the basis for your experience?”
Hanson smiled and cocked his head. “I’m married.”
This drew a laugh. The spectators in the courtroom were enjoying Officer Hanson. Even some of the jurors smiled.
“I see,” Steve said. “You mean your wife has an answering machine?”
“That she does.”
“Oh? Would that be identical to the one owned by the defendant?”
“No, it would not. In fact, I don’t think they’re even the same brand. But the operation is certainly similar. I’m familiar with mine, I had no problem operating the one belonging to the defendant.”
Steve frowned. “I’m not quite, clear about your testimony. Perhaps you could help me out. When you referred to the working of the defendant’s answering machine-were you describing how hers works, or were you referring to the one owned by your wife?”
“I was describing the one owned by the defendant.”
“Based on what, if you’re not familiar with the machine?”
“Based on what I personally observed,” Officer Hanson said. “As I’ve testified, I found the machine with the red light on, steady and unblinking. I pressed the play button and heard the message you just heard in court. When the message had finished playing, I pressed the button on the answering machine marked save. The red light on the answering machine began blinking, indicating there was a message. That’s how I know how the machine functions. It happens to be identical to how my wife’s answering machine functions, but I’m not going by that. I’m going by my own personal observation.”
“I see,” Steve said. “And didn’t you also say that if you saved the message, if another message came in, it would be recorded after the message you had saved, and the machine would then blink twice?”
“That’s right.”
“Did you perform that experiment with the defendant’s machine?”
“Ah…” Hanson cleared his throat. “Actually, I didn’t. The micro-cassette was an important piece of evidence. I didn’t want anything to happen to it. After I played it back, I removed it from the machine.”
“I see,” Steve said. “So, when you testified earlier that if another message came in after a message had been saved it would be recorded after the first message, you were telling us how your wife’s machine functions, were you not? But you’d, never actually tried that with the defendant’s machine.”
Officer Hanson took a breath, said nothing.
“Can you answer that, officer?”
“I’m testifying to what I understand to be the functioning of the machine. The blinking light means the message has been saved. If the message is saved, it will not be recorded over. If another message comes in it will be recorded, but not over the first one, which has been saved. If you want to argue that that’s a conclusion on my part, I suppose you can.” Hanson smiled. “I’m telling you what I know to the best of my ability.”
At the prosecution table, Dirkson nodded approvingly. Hanson was a good witness. The jurors liked him. Winslow’s technical nit-picking wasn’t winning him any fans.
“Thank you, officer,” Steve said. “Now, correct me if I’m wrong, but I believe you stated something else with regard to the functioning of the machine. Didn’t you say that since the red light was on, steady and unblinking, that indicated the message had been listened too?”
“That’s right.”
“I believe you stated that the only explanation for the light being steady and unblinking would be if the message had been listened to?”
“Yes, it is. Otherwise the light would be blinking.”
“I see,” Steve said. “Now, in making that judgment, I wonder if you are referring to your experience with your wife’s machine or with the defendant’s?”
“I’m referring to both,” Hanson said. “They both function the same way. With a message, the light blinks. When you listen to it, unless you save that message, the light becomes steady.”
“I see,” Steve said. “And if I understand your contention, once the light is blinking, the only way if becomes steady is if you listen to the message?”
“That’s right.”
“Is it?” Steve said. “I wonder if you are basing that conclusion on your wife’s machine or the defendant’s.”
“Once again, I am basing it on my experience with both. The play button is the only function on the machine that will change the light from steady to blinking.”
“Really?” Steve said. “What if you turn it off?”
“I beg your pardon?”
“What if you turn the machine off? The light is blinking. Instead of listening to the message, you press the on/off button, turning the power off?”
“Then the light would go out.”
“Exactly,” Steve said. “And when you turn the machine back on again, would that light be blinking or steady?”
Officer Hanson blinked. He opened his mouth. Closed it again.
“I take it you did not perform that experiment, Officer Hanson?”
“No, I did not.”
Steve Winslow turned to Judge Wylie. “Your Honor, at this time I would like to ask that Officer Hanson be excused from the stand in order to perform the experiment I have just described. Also, I would be interested to know what happens if the machine is unplugged and then plugged back in. Perhaps also, a circuit breaker could be thrown to simulate what would happen in the event of a momentary power failure.”
“Objection,” Dirkson said. “If defense counsel wants those test made, let him make them.”
Judge Wylie shook his head. “This witness testified that the tape must have been listened to. Despite the fact I had sustained an earlier objection that it called for a conclusion on the part of the witness for which no proper foundation had been lain. The request is that you lay the foundation. In the event you do not do so, I would have to entertain a motion to strike large portions of Officer Hanson’s testimony.
“Officer Hanson. You are hereby excused from the stand and ordered to report here at ten o’clock tomorrow morning, after having conducted any and all tests requested by the defense, and any others you feel necessary to support your testimony.
“Jurors are instructed not to discuss the case. Court is adjourned until tomorrow morning at ten o’clock.”