The Wisdom of the Myths: How Greek Mythology Can Change Your Life

Index

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Achelous, 276–77

Acheron, 232

Achilles, 2, 21–25, 135n, 218, 247, 320

Acrisius, 304–7, 314–15

addiction, 39, 40

Admete, 271

Admetus, 221, 228n

Aeacus, 226

Aegeus, 281–83, 285, 289–91, 296–97, 299, 335

Aegina, 225

Aegisthus, 169n, 170n

Aegle, 272

Aeolus, 178, 194

Aeschylus, 15, 56, 106, 137, 163, 350, 351, 354–55

Prometheus Bound, 154–55, 366

Seven Against Thebes, 349–50, 352–53

Aeson, 318–19, 334

Aethra, 281, 282–85

Agamemnon, 169n, 171

Agave, 373, 375, 378

Aietes, 290, 318–20, 322, 323, 328–32

Ajax, 170

Alcestis, 228n

Alcestis (Euripides), 229n

Alcinous, 174, 182–84, 187, 333

Alcmena, 250, 252–54, 259, 263, 266n

Alecto, 55

alterity, 369

Amalthea, 62, 145, 276

Amazons, 270–71, 302

Amphitryon, 250, 252–54, 259–62

Amycus, 325

Androgeus, 296

Andromeda, 313–14

animals, 151–53, 154, 164–65, 209–10, 211

Anticlea, 199, 225

Antigone, 36, 336, 337–67

Antigone (Sophocles), 340, 343, 349, 350

Antiphates, 195

Aphrodite (Venus), 3, 4, 19, 33, 55, 57–58, 64, 65, 67, 73, 89, 131, 104, 292, 298, 316, 320, 323, 330, 340, 355

Athena mocked by, 120, 121, 312–13

Pandora and, 142

Apollo (Phoebus), 65, 68–69, 74, 91, 98, 169n, 214n, 221, 231, 297, 333, 352, 353

Asclepius and, 221

Cassandra and, 170–71

Coronis and, 216–18

Dionysus in opposition to, 117–18, 124, 126–30, 245, 380

Hermes and, 124–26

lyre of, 115, 121–23, 126, 129

Marsyas and, 118, 121–23, 130

Midas and, 113–17, 121–23, 129–30

music and, 126

Pan and, 114–15, 117–18

Zeus and, 103, 221

Apollodorus, 11n, 57n, 83–84, 86, 88, 93, 95–98, 158n, 213n, 216, 221, 224, 229n, 255, 256, 280n, 282, 286, 290, 292–96, 298, 304, 308, 314, 316, 318, 321, 340n, 372n

on Heracles, 258n, 259, 263, 264, 265n, 266–68, 273, 274, 276, 279

Apollonius of Rhodes, 229n, 318

apples, golden:

of discord, 3–4, 170, 171

Heracles and, 270, 271–73

Arcadia, 159

Arendt, Hannah, 21–22, 25

Ares (Mars), 19, 64, 65, 68, 74, 89, 131, 227, 271, 292, 295, 316, 330, 340, 355

Arete, 182, 187

Arethusa, 272

Arges, 52, 73

Argonautica (Apollonius), 318

Argonauts, 218, 231, 305, 322–35

Argos (city), 305, 314–15

Argos (hundred-eyed monster), 305, 310

Argos (naval architect), 231, 305, 322

Argos (Odysseus’s dog), 305

Argus, 305

Ariadne, 293, 297–99, 303

Aristaeus, 231

Aristotle, 203, 387

Artemis (Diana), 33, 65, 69, 74, 98, 169n, 214n, 218, 221

Asclepius (Aesculapius), 35, 215–24, 227, 320

caduceus of, 222–24

Asopus, 225–26

Asterius, 294

Atalanta, 322–23

Athamas, 316, 317, 322, 371

Athena (Minerva), 3, 4, 6, 33, 62, 64–65, 68, 74–76, 89, 120, 131, 170, 214n, 258, 276, 298, 308, 309, 312, 313, 314

Asclepius and, 219, 220

flute of, 118–20, 312–13

Heracles and, 263–64, 273

Jason’s voyage and, 322, 323, 335

Odysseus and, 182–83, 201, 381

Pandora and, 142

Prometheus’s theft of arts and sciences from, 150–51, 153, 157, 209, 211, 219

Atlas, 92–93, 124, 271, 272

Heracles and, 272–73

Zeus’s condemning to carry the world, 138

Atreus, House of, 169n–70n

Atropos, 78n

Augeas, 264–65, 273–75

Aurora, 6–7

Bacchanalia, 118, 379

Bacchantes, 118, 375

Bacchylides, 280n, 282, 286n

Bebryces, 325–26

Bellerophon, 212, 214n

Bia, 80

Boeotia, 316–17

Boreas, 323, 327

Briareus, 52, 73

Brief History of Thought, A (Ferry), 9, 17, 18, 26, 38, 42, 360, 361n, 380n, 389

Brontes, 52, 73

bronze, age of, 135, 135n, 136, 136n, 158n

Cadmus, 89–91, 93, 94, 292, 316, 330, 331, 340, 355, 356, 373, 375

caduceus, 126, 222–24

Calliope, 230

Calypso, 5–8, 34, 176–83, 201, 204–6, 296

Camus, Albert, 225

Cassandra, 170–71

Cassiopeia, 212, 214n, 313

Castor, 262, 322, 325

Celeus, 240

Cepheus, 313–14

Cerberus, 232–33, 268, 269, 287

Cercyon, 288

Ceto, 310

Ceyx, 278

Chaos, 33, 43–46, 48–51, 53, 63, 71, 72n, 78, 81–83, 92, 94–96, 99, 101, 102, 105, 121, 126, 135n, 162, 211, 264, 269, 355–57

cosmos and, 82, 128–30, 162, 165, 285, 376

Dionysus and, 370, 376, 379, 380

Odysseus’s voyage and, 168–80

Charon, 218, 232

Charybdis, 200, 333

Cheiron, 218, 221, 223, 320

children:

as descendants, 21, 26, 28, 147, 148–49, 162, 355

Greek mythology and, 38–42

Chimera, 214n, 232

Christianity, 7, 211, 212, 229–30, 235, 236, 359, 388

Chrysippus, 352

Cicero, 385–86

Cicones, 184, 188

Circe, 24, 178, 179, 196–98, 199, 201, 206, 290, 319, 332

Clashing Rocks, 327–28

Cleanthes, 252

Clotho, 78n

Clymene, 138

Clytemnestra, 169n

Cocalus, 301

Cocytus, 232

Coeus, 52n, 65, 72

Comte-Sponville, André, 363

consumerism, 39–40

Corinth, 226

Cornford, Francis, 383, 384

Coronis, 216–18

Corycian nymphs, 163

cosmogony, 48, 53, 99, 132–33, 168

cosmos, 36, 105, 135n, 369–70

birth of, 30–31, 43–99

chaos and, 82, 128–30, 162, 165, 285, 376

Epimetheus’s arrangement of living creatures in, 151–52, 209, 210

harmony and, 26–29, 32, 102–3, 132, 252

Odysseus’s voyage and, 168–80

organization of, 77, 78

Cottus, 52, 73

Creon, 255–56, 261, 344–46, 348, 350, 353

Crius, 52n, 72

Crommyon, 287

Cronus, 51n, 57, 63, 64, 65, 72, 75, 77, 79, 82, 93, 134n, 218, 237, 320, 385, 386

children swallowed by, 60–61, 76–77, 147, 276

Prometheus and, 138

Uranus castrated by, 54–59, 64, 85, 96, 312, 348

Zeus’s seizing of power from, 75–76, 81, 82, 154–55

Cupid, 44

Cyclopes, 52–53, 60, 79, 80, 232

Odysseus and, 179, 187–88, 192

Zeus and, 52, 62–63, 77, 81, 82, 155, 221

Cyclops (Polyphemus), 172, 181, 188–93, 195, 199, 205

Cyprus, 58

Cythera, 58

Cyzicua, 324–25

Daedalus, 291, 294–301

daimons, 134, 135n, 147

Damastes, 289

Danae, 305–8, 313, 314

death, 6–8, 17n, 18–26, 28–29, 31–32, 34, 389, 390

anonymity in, 135n, 149, 175–76, 178, 198, 247

attempts to escape, 215–36

creation of true mortality, 146–49, 162

in golden age, 134, 146–47

Pandora’s appearance and, 147

Debussy, Claude, 114

Deioneus, 213n

Dejanira, 275–79

Deleuze, Gilles, 387–88

Delphi, 104, 126, 207

Delphi, oracle at, 256, 257, 281, 283, 305, 317, 320–21

Oedipus and, 340–46, 351

Delphyne, 85

Demeter (Ceres), 24, 61, 63–66, 70, 74, 228, 234, 236, 237–46, 288

demigods, 136n, 250

De Romilly, Jacqueline, 37

descendance, 21, 26, 28, 147, 148–49, 162, 355

Deucalion, 163–64, 351

Dia, 213n

Dictionary of Classical Mythology (Grimal, ed.), 38

Dictys, 307, 314

dikè (justice), 77–80, 104, 105, 131–34, 135n, 136, 158, 248

Heracles and, 248, 251

Diodorus Siculus, 229n, 257n, 264n–65n, 276, 280n, 295, 296, 340n

Dionysiaca (Nonnus), 88–89, 372n

Dionysus (Bacchus), 36, 65, 70, 74, 87–89, 96n, 98, 118, 228n, 260, 298, 356, 364, 369–81

Apollo in opposition to, 117–18, 124, 126–30, 245, 380

Asclepius compared with, 218–19

chaos and, 370, 376, 379, 380

dithyrambs and, 280n

Hera and, 371, 372

idealized image of, 377–78

Marsyas and, 118, 128

Midas and, 108–10, 112

moment of difference represented by, 378–79

music and, 126–27

Pan and, 113–14, 117–18, 128

Pentheus and, 118, 356, 372–75, 378

disorder, 251, 285, 356, 380

see also Chaos

dithyrambs, 280n

Doliones, 324–25

dragon’s teeth, sown men from, 330–31, 355–56, 373

Early Greek Myth (Gantz), 38

Echidna, 265, 267, 269, 272, 287, 356

Echion, 373

ecology, 155, 156, 211

ecosystems, 152, 166

Eleusinian Mysteries, 228, 234, 236, 241–42

Eleusis, 240, 241

Elysian Fields, 234, 336

enlarged thought, 205–6

Ephialtes, 212, 213n–14n

Epictetus, 252

Epicureans, 363, 370

Epimetheus, 138–39, 143–44, 158, 163, 164, 271, 355

meaning of name, 138

system of life created by, 151–52, 157, 209, 210

Erebus, 46n, 72n

Erginus, 261

Erinyes (Furies; Eumenides), 55–57, 73, 160, 233, 307, 348–49

Eris, 2–4, 55, 57, 58, 64, 74, 102, 169n, 170, 271

Eros, 44–46, 55, 57, 58, 71, 74, 89, 90, 320

Erytheia, 272

Eteocles, 345, 349–50

Ether, 46n, 72n, 97

ethics, 388–89

Eumenides, see Erinyes

Eunomia, 78

Euphemus, 323

Euripides, 229n, 340n

Europa, 269, 292, 340

Eurydice, 231–33, 235

Eurylochus, 197

Eurystheus, 256, 263, 264–68, 271–74

flute, 129, 222

of Athena, 118–20, 312–13

lyre contrasted with, 91, 117, 123n

Marsyas and, 120–23, 312–13

of Pan, 85, 89, 91, 93, 114, 115, 123, 124, 127

food:

cooking of, 141

gods and, 140–41, 241

Zeus’s hiding of, 141, 148

Frankenstein myth, 112

Asclepius as original model for, 216–24

Freud, Sigmund, 342

Furies, see Erinyes

Gaia, 22, 44–49, 51, 53–55, 57, 59–61, 71, 75, 86, 97, 98, 101, 131, 147, 271, 276, 330, 385

Deucalion and Pyrrha and, 164

offspring of Uranus and, 50–53

Persephone and, 239

race created from blood of giants by, 158–59

Typhon created by, 80–82, 86, 95, 97

Gantz, Timothy, 38

Garden of Eden, 133, 147

Georgics (Virgil), 231

Gigantes (giants), 57, 73, 95–99, 135n

Zeus and, 96–98, 158–59

Gigantomachy, 57, 95–99

God, 17, 18, 50, 359

gods, Greek, 17n, 18–20, 32–33

birth of, 43–99

humanizing of, 33, 48, 50

Latin names given to, 65

mortal women attractive to, 216–17

nature and, 22

nourishment taken by, 140–41, 241

passions of, 49, 50

principle, cast list of, 71–74

golden age, 131, 131–34, 135n, 136, 136n, 137, 139, 149, 158

death in, 134, 146–47

mankind’s banishment from, 145, 147–48, 149, 150–57

Golden Fleece, 218, 231, 290, 316–35, 372

good life, 16–18, 24, 26, 31–34, 132, 149–50, 251, 389

cosmic harmony and, 26–29, 32, 102–3, 132, 369

lived in one’s natural place, 174–75, 295–96

Odysseus and, 169–73, 174–75, 251, 295–96

wasted immortality vs., 5–8

Gorgons, 119, 308–12

Medusa, see Medusa

Graces, 78, 142

Graeae, 310–11

Greek miracle, 18, 383

Greek mythology:

accessibility of, 14–16

children and, 38–42

cultural inheritance and relevance of, 9–16

five fundamental questions underlying, 29–36

gods in, see gods, Greek

philosophy and, 16–19, 150, 165, 360, 369, 382–90

plurality of stories and variants in, 14–16, 88, 258

popularizations or retellings of, 14–16

psychologizing of, 207

secular spirituality and, 168–69, 381, 382–90

time required to constitute, 88

Grimal, Pierre, 38

Gyges, 52, 73

Hades (Pluto), 24, 61, 63–65, 67, 70, 74, 82, 131, 155, 176, 228n, 236, 242, 247, 302

Asclepius and, 219

Demeter and, 237

Odysseus and, 198–99, 200

Orpheus and, 231–33

Persephone and, 238–40, 243–45

Perseus and, 312, 313

Sisyphus and, 225–28

Harmonia, 89, 90, 94, 228n, 292, 316, 340, 355, 373

harmony, 251

in art, 128

cosmic, 26–29, 32, 102–3, 132, 252

Harpies, 232, 316, 323, 326–27

Hecate, 239, 240

Hecatoncheires (Hundred-Handed Ones), 52–53, 60, 63–64, 73, 79, 80, 130, 232

Zeus and, 62–63, 81, 155

Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 378–79, 381, 387–88

Helen, 4, 167, 169n, 171, 302

Helios, 178, 200–201, 213n, 239, 240, 273, 292, 326

Helle, 316, 317

Hemera, 46n, 72n

Hephaestus (Vulcan), 19, 33, 64, 65, 67, 74, 263, 286, 288, 330, 333, 355

Pandora and, 142

Prometheus’s theft of fire from, 141, 150–51, 153, 209

Hera (Juno), 3, 4, 33, 61, 63–66, 74, 75, 88, 89, 98, 271, 292, 305, 329, 334, 352

Athena mocked by, 120, 121, 312–13

Dionysus and, 371, 372

Heracles and, 254–58, 259

Ixion and, 213n

Jason and, 321–23

Pelias and, 319

twelve labors imposed on Heracles by, 255–58, 262–75

Heracles (Hercules), 11n, 22, 23, 36, 42, 57, 65, 96n, 98, 102, 135n, 228n, 248–58, 302, 309, 322, 372

apotheosis of, 275–79

Atlas and, 272–73

Augean stables cleaned by, 264–65, 273–75

birth of, and origin of name, 249–58

cattle of Geryon and, 269

club of, 264n

death of, 276, 279, 335, 336

Dejanira and, 275–79

Erginus and, 261

first exploits of, 258–62

golden apples of the Hesperides and, 270, 271–73

Hera and, 254–58, 259

Hippolyta’s belt and, 270–71

Lernaean hydra slain by, 264, 266–70

Linus and, 262

lions and, 259–60, 265–67

mares of Diomedes and, 268, 269

Perseus and, 257

Prometheus freed by, 145–46, 272

serpents and, 258–59

sons fathered by, 260

Theseus and, 280, 284–85, 289

twelve labors of, 255–58, 262–75, 280

violent nature of, 260–62

wild boar of Erymanthus and, 268

Zeus and, 250–56, 260, 263–65, 267, 269–70, 274, 285

Hermes (Mercury), 3, 6, 13, 33, 65, 69–70, 74, 85, 89, 98, 107, 113, 123, 131, 218, 219, 230, 263, 305, 309, 317

Apollo and, 124–26

caduceus of, 126, 222–23

Dionysus and, 371, 372

Hades and Persephone and, 243–44

lyre of, 124, 125

Odysseus and, 180, 197

Pandora and, 142, 143

Perseus and, 311–14

Herodotus, 119n

heroes, 22–26, 131, 135, 135n–36n, 199, 247–48, 335–36

Hesiod, 15, 30, 32, 37, 43–45, 49, 52–54, 52n, 56–58, 75, 79–84, 88, 93–96, 102, 106, 132, 149, 150, 158, 158n, 163, 229n, 248, 250, 333, 340n, 384

on ages of man, 131–34, 134n, 136, 136n

brother’s quarrel with, 132, 136

on Pandora, 143, 144–45, 146

on Prometheus, 137, 139, 141, 150

Theogony, 30, 35, 137, 148, 149, 169, 267, 319

Works and Days, 30, 131, 137, 144–45

Hesperis, 271–72

Hesperus, 272

Hestia (Vesta), 61, 63–66, 74

Himeros, 58

Hippocrates, 224

Hippodamia, 308

Hippolyta, 302

belt of, 270–71

Hippolytus, 302–3

Homer, 24, 96, 106, 229n, 248, 340n, 376–77

Odyssey, see Odyssey

Homeric Hymns, 123, 124, 237n, 242, 244, 372n

Hope, 145

Horace, 362

Hours, 142

hubris, 8, 34–35, 96, 103–4, 131–34, 135n, 157–59, 162–65, 171, 206, 207–46, 335, 336, 356

Asclepius and, 215–24, 227

attempts to escape death and, 215–28

Dionysus and, 32

gods’ punishment of, 211–12

Gorgons and, 308

Icarus and, 300

iron age and, 136–37

“Know Thyself” and, 104, 126, 127, 207–8

Menoetius and, 138

Midas and, 107–17, 129–30, 215, 216

Odysseus and, 193

Pan and, 114–15

Pelias and, 319

pride compared with, 211

Prometheus and, 150–51, 153, 154, 209

Sisyphus and, 215, 224–28

Hugo, Victor, 205–6

human(s):

birth of, 101–66

divinizing of, 33–34

first man and first woman in modern humanity, 162–63

five races of, 131–37

freedom of, 210–11, 359

golden age and, see golden age

good life for, see good life

as male race, 146

origin of, 30, 151

power of creation given to, by Prometheus, 150–57, 209, 211

protection needed by, 210

role of, 131–33

humanism, 358, 360, 366

Hybris, 114

Hydras, 232

Hygieia, 224

Hyginus, 2n, 119n, 121–22, 122n–23n, 257n, 276, 289, 340n

Hyperion, 52n, 72

Hypsipyle, 324

Iambe, 240

Iapetus, 52n, 72, 93, 138, 156, 164

Icarus, 35, 299–300

identity, 370, 376

loss of, in death, 135n, 149, 175–76, 178, 198, 247

three conditions in, 176

Ignorance (Kundera), 202–3

illness, 134, 147, 149

immortality, 6–7, 20, 22, 176

Odysseus and, 6–7, 174–80, 204, 296

wasted, vs. good life, 5–8

Ino, 182, 316–17, 372

Io, 372

Iolaus, 268

Iole, 275, 278

Iphicles, 254, 256, 259

Iphigenia, 169n

iron, age of, 136, 139, 158–59, 163

Ischys, 217–18

Isle of the Blessed Ones, 135, 136n

Ismene, 345

Ithaca, 4, 167, 173, 178, 180, 194, 197, 203

Odysseus’s restoration of order in, 174, 177, 201, 204, 335

Suitors in, 172–73, 181, 201, 206

Ixion, 212, 213n, 232

Jason, 22, 23, 35–36, 102, 135n, 248, 290, 305, 316–35

bulls and, 329–30

at court of Aietes, 328–32

death of, 335

dragon’s teeth and, 330–31

Golden Fleece and, 218, 231, 290, 316–35, 328–32, 334

Odysseus’s journey compared with that of, 332–33

return to Iolcos, 332–35

Jerphagnon, Lucien, 203

Jesus, 229–30

Jocasta, 340–41, 343–48, 352–53, 362

justice, see dikè

Kant, Immanuel, 156n, 205, 366

“Know Thyself,” 104, 126, 127, 207–8

Kratos, 80

Kundera, Milan, 202–3

Labyrinth, 291, 294, 296–301

Lachesis, 78n

Laertes, 167, 178, 225

Laestrygonians, 195

Laius, 340–41, 343–47, 352–53, 355, 362

language, 153–54

Laomedon, 103

Lazarus, 229–30

Learning to Live (Ferry), 9, 17, 387, 388

Lemnos, 323–24

Lesbos, 234

Leto, 65, 169n, 214n, 221

Letters to Lucilius (Seneca), 360, 361

Library, The (Apollodorus), 83–84, 88, 158n, 229n

Linus, 262

Lotus-Eaters, 178, 179, 185–87

lute, 27–28

Lycaon, 158–61

Lycomedes, 304

Lycurgus, 372–73

Lynceus, 323

lyre, 91, 222

of Apollo, 115, 121–23, 126, 129

flute contrasted with, 91, 117, 123n

of Hermes, 124, 125

of Orpheus, 230–31, 232, 234

Maia, 124, 125

Maron, 184, 189, 191

Marsyas, 118–23, 127, 130, 312–13

Dionysus and, 118, 128

Mecone, 139

Medea, 196, 289–91, 319–21, 329, 331–35

medicine, 222–24

Medusa, 269, 313

Perseus’s killing of, 119, 214n, 219, 253, 309, 312–14

Megaera, 55

Megara, 256, 261

Melanippus, 119–20

Meliai, 56, 57, 73

Menelaus, 4, 167, 169n, 171

Menoetius, 138

Merope, 227

Metamorphoses (Ovid), 26–27, 96–97, 123n, 158, 160, 213n

Metanira, 240, 241

Metis, 65, 75–76, 80

Zeus’s swallowing of, 76–78, 81, 140

Midas, 35, 91, 102, 107–17, 123, 126, 129, 215, 216, 256

Apollo and, 113–17, 121–23, 129–30

ears of, 108, 113–17, 123n

golden touch of, 107–12, 309

Pan and, 113, 114, 122, 129

Milky Way, 257–58

Minos, 269, 291–94, 296–303, 333, 340

death of, 299–302

Minotaur, 294, 297, 300

Theseus and, 291–99

Mnemosyne, 52n, 72

Moirai (Fates), 78, 85, 98

Mount Atlas, 271

Mount Etna, 86, 87, 270

Mount Olympus, 46n, 97, 129, 136, 214n, 240, 356

flood and, 161

Mount Parnassus, 163

Muses, 230

music, 90–91, 376

Apollo and, 126

Dionysus and, 126–27

harmony vs. chaos in, 129

Orpheus and, 230–31, 232, 234

musical contests, 127–28, 130

between Apollo and Marsyas, 121–23

between Apollo and Pan, 114–15, 117–18

musical instruments:

flute, see flute

lute, 27–28

lyre, see lyre

Mycenae, 263

nature, 22–23, 32, 133

Nausicaa, 182–83

Nephele, 316

Nereids, 214n, 313

Nereus, 161, 214n, 313

Nessus, 277–79

Nietzsche, Friedrich, 34, 360, 363–65, 376–78, 380, 387, 388

on difference between Apollo and Dionysus, 127–28, 129

Nike, 92

Niobe, 169n, 212, 214n

Noah, 163, 351

Nonnus of Panopolis, 86, 88–89, 94, 372n

nostalgia, 202, 360

forms of, 202–3

Odyssey and, 201, 202–4

“Nothing to Excess,” 104, 127, 207, 208

nymphs, 47

Nyx, 46n, 57, 72n

Oceanus, 51n–52n, 72, 75, 79–80, 138

Odysseus, 1, 2, 4–8, 22–25, 28, 29, 32–36, 42, 102, 135n, 150, 165, 166, 167–206, 228, 228n, 247–48, 302, 335, 381

Aeolus and, 178, 194

Alcinous and, 174, 182–84, 187

Athena and, 182–83, 201, 381

bag of winds given to, 194

Calypso and, 5–8, 34, 176–83, 201, 204–6, 296

Charybdis and, 200

Circe and, 24, 178, 179, 196–98, 199, 201, 206

curiosity of, 205

Cyclopes and, 179, 187–88, 192

descent into underworld, 198–99, 200

forced to leave home, 5, 167–68

good life and, 169–73, 174–75, 251, 295–96

Helios and, 178, 200–201

Hermes and, 180, 197

immortality offered to, 6–7, 174–80, 204, 296

Ino and, 182

Jason’s journey compared with that of, 332–33

Laestrygonians and, 195

Lotus-Eaters and, 178, 179, 185–87

Maron’s gift of wine to, 184, 189, 191

Penelope and, see Penelope

Polyphemus (Cyclops) and, 172, 181, 188–93, 195, 199, 205

Poseidon and, 172, 177, 181–82, 193, 199, 247–48, 381

restoration of order in Ithaca and, 174, 177, 201, 204, 335

Scylla and, 200

seductions of, 201, 205–6

Sirens and, 178, 199–200

Sisyphus and, 225

supernatural obstacles and, 185

Tiresias and, 24, 180, 198–99, 200

voyage of, 168–80

wisdom and, 169–73, 177, 180–201

Zeus and, 173, 177, 180, 181, 201, 381

Odyssey (Homer), 1–8, 24–25, 167, 305

flashback in, 180, 183

nostalgia and, 201, 202–4

Otus and Ephialtes in, 213n–14n

real and imaginary blended in, 179

stages or episodes in, 180

Oedipus, 56, 102, 255, 336, 337–67, 369

death of, 349

Oedipus at Colonus (Sophocles), 340, 343

Oedipus complex, 342

Oedipus Rex (Sophocles), 340, 343

Oeneus, 277

old age, 134, 136, 149

Olympians, 64, 135n, 171, 238, 330

Titans versus, 128

Omphale, 280

Ophiuchus, 221, 223

order, 251–52, 370

Orestes, 169n–70n

Orion, 214n

Orpheus, 228–36, 228n, 237, 242, 262, 322, 333

Orphism, 234, 236, 242

Orthrus, 269

Otus, 212, 213n–14n

Ourea, 47

Ovid, 119n, 162, 163, 165, 229n

Metamorphoses, 26–27, 96–97, 123n, 158, 160, 213n

on Midas, 108, 110, 113, 115–16, 123

on Orpheus, 231, 233

on torture of Marsyas, 122

Pactolus, 110

Pallas, 98

sons of, 283–85, 289, 291, 296, 302

Pan, 85, 89, 93, 107–8, 113, 119, 123

Apollo and, 114–15, 117–18

Dionysus and, 113–14, 117–18, 128

flute of, 85, 89, 91, 93, 114, 115, 123, 124, 127

Midas and, 113, 114, 122, 129

Panacea, 224

Panathenaea, 296

Pandora, 106–7, 131, 133, 137, 141–46, 158, 162, 163, 209, 355

box of, 144–45

Epimetheus and, 143–44

lessons drawn from, 146–49

meaning of name, 143

Zeus orders creation of, 141–43, 153

Paris, 3–4, 6, 21, 167, 169n, 170, 171

Pasiphae, 269, 292, 294, 296, 298

Pausanias, 257n, 340n

Pegasus, 214n, 219

Peleus, 2n, 169n, 271

Pelias, 316, 318–22, 334

Pelops, 105, 169n, 214n, 287–88, 352, 355

Penelope, 2, 4–5, 167, 178, 183, 197, 203, 206

Suitors and, 172, 173, 181

Pentheus, 118, 356, 372, 373

Perelman, Charles, 12

Periboea, 342–43

Periclymenus, 323

Periphetes, 286, 288

Persephone, 24, 228n, 237, 238, 302

Orpheus and, 231, 233, 235

Perses, 132, 136

Perseus, 36, 119, 248, 253, 263, 304–15

Andromeda and, 313–14

Graeae and, 310–11

Heracles and, 257

Medusa killed by, 214n, 219, 253, 309, 312–14

Pétain, Maréchal, 175

Phaeacians, 174, 179, 182, 201, 333

Phaedra, 293, 302–3

Phaeton, 212, 213n

Pherecydes, 225, 226, 297–98

Phlegethon, 232

philosophy:

central question of, 17–18

definition of, 17

mythology and, 16–19, 150, 165, 360, 369, 382–90

as secularization of religion, 382–90

Phineus, 314, 326–28

Phoebe, 52n, 65, 72

Phoenician Women, The (Euripides), 340n

Phorcys, 310

Phrixus, 316–18, 322

Pico della Mirandola, Giovanni, 156n

Pindar, 96, 98, 118–19, 123n, 216, 220, 255, 324, 340n

Pirithous, 302

Pittheus, 281–85

Pityokamptes, 286–87

Plato, 15, 106, 137, 207n, 229n, 366, 370, 387, 389

Protagoras, 150–53, 155

Plutarch, 280n, 281, 302

Pollux, 262, 322, 325

Polybus, 341–43, 347

Polydectes, 307–9, 313, 314

Polynices, 345, 349–50, 353–54

Polypemon, 286, 289

Polyphemus, 172, 181, 188–93, 195, 199, 205

Pontus, 47, 48, 72, 385

Poseidon (Neptune), 22, 61, 63–65, 67, 74, 98, 131, 161, 269, 282, 287–89, 297, 303, 313, 319, 325

Minos and, 293–94, 296

Odysseus and, 172, 177, 181–82, 193, 199, 247–48, 381

Pelias and, 319, 320

present moment, 34, 361–65

Priam, 3, 170

pride, 211

Procrustes, 289

Proetus, 214n, 304–5

Prometheus, 15, 20, 106, 131, 133, 137–43, 163, 164, 220, 271, 366

Aeschylus on, 154–55

arts and sciences stolen by, 150–51, 153, 157, 209, 211, 219

brothers of, 138

creation of humans and animals and, 151–53

fire stolen by, 141, 150–51, 153, 209, 219

Heracles’ freeing of, 145–46, 272

meaning of name, 138

Pandora and, 145

in Plato’s Protagoras, 150–53, 155

Zeus’s chaining of, 145–46, 153, 155

Zeus’s request to sacrifice ox and apportion meat, 139–41, 143, 146, 150, 151

Zeus’s vengeance against mankind and, 138–39, 141–45, 150, 154–57

Prometheus Bound (Aeschylus), 154–55, 366

Protagoras, 151–53

Protagoras (Plato), 150–53, 155

Pyrrha, 163–64

Rhadamanthus, 292, 302

Rhea, 52n, 60, 61, 72, 237, 244

Zeus protected by, 61–62, 75, 147

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 156n, 366

Salmoneus, 212, 213n

Sarpedon, 292

Sartre, Jean-Paul, 156n

Schopenhauer, Arthur, 128–29

science(s), 156–57

contemporary, 31, 165–66

Prometheus’s theft of, from Athena, 150–51, 153, 157, 209, 211

Sciron, 287–88

Scylla, 200, 333

seasons, 237, 245–46

secular spirituality, 168–69, 381, 382–90

Semele, 65, 89, 228n, 370, 373

Seneca, 360, 361

Seven Against Thebes (Aeschylus), 349–50, 352–53

Sibyl, 281

sibylline words, 281

Silenus, 107, 108, 113, 129, 377

silver, age of, 135

sin, 212n

Sinis, 286–87

Sirens:

Jason and, 332–33

Odysseus and, 178, 199–200

Orpheus and, 231

Sisyphus, 35, 102, 214n, 215, 224–28, 232, 236

Socrates, 207, 208n

Socratic Atomists, 370

Sophists, 370

Sophocles, 275, 340, 348–50

sown men, 330–31, 355–56, 373

space, birth of, 58–59

Spartans (spartoi), 330–31, 355–56, 373

Sphinx, 344–45, 356

Spinoza, Baruch, 34, 363–65, 387–88

spirituality, secular, 168–69, 382–90

Steropes, 52, 73

Stoicism, 26–27, 252, 360, 361, 363–65, 370, 386, 387, 389

Styx, 21, 79–80, 102, 145, 197, 232

Suitors, 172–73, 181, 201, 206

Syrinx, 114

Syrinx (Debussy), 114

Talos, 333–34

Talus, 295

Tantalus, 35, 104–5, 159, 169n, 214n, 232, 288, 327

Taphians, 253

Tartarus, 33, 45–47, 51, 54, 61, 64, 71, 80–82, 86, 92, 95, 101, 105, 125, 130, 131, 134n, 213n, 221, 287, 376

Teleboans, 253

Telemachus, 2, 4–5, 167, 172, 203

Tethys, 52n, 72, 75

Teutamides, 315

Thanatos, 226–27

Thebes, 261

Theia, 52n, 72

Themis, 52n, 72, 75, 78–80, 142, 163–64

theogony, 48, 53, 132–33, 168, 169

Theogony (Hesiod), 30, 35, 137, 148, 149, 169, 267, 319

Theseus, 35–36, 135n, 248, 280–91, 302, 313, 322, 335

death of, 304

Minotaur confronted by, 291–99

Oedipus and, 348, 349

Phaedra and, 302–3

Thespius, 259, 260

Thetis, 2n, 21–24, 169n, 271

thought, enlarged, 205–6

Three Graces, 78, 142

Thyestes, 169n

time, 162, 235–36, 378–79, 381

birth of, 58–59, 147

Tithonus, 6

Tiresias, 24, 180, 198–99, 200, 346, 347

Tisiphone, 55

Titanomachy, 95

Titans, 51–52, 59, 81, 127–28, 130, 135n, 221, 238, 250, 264, 269, 355, 376, 379

Olympians versus, 128

Prometheus as one of, 138

Zeus and, 77, 79, 96, 101, 103, 111, 129, 134n, 138, 285, 356, 380

Trachiniae (Sophocles), 275, 278

Trojan Horse, 1–2, 170, 171

Trojan War, 1–6, 21, 23, 24, 167, 169n, 170–71, 183–84, 278

Zeus and, 171, 184, 185

Troy, 184

sacking of, 170, 171

truth, 207n–8n

Typhon (Typhoeus), 80–81, 95–96, 101, 103, 111, 123, 126, 130, 135n, 259, 264, 287, 355, 356, 376, 379

Gaia’s creation of, 80–82, 86, 95, 97

Heracles’ labors and, 265, 267, 269, 272

Zeus and, 81–97, 99, 117, 121, 251, 265, 270, 285, 292

Universe, the Gods, and Men, The (Vernant), 140n, 374n

Uranus, 22, 46–49, 53–54, 59–61, 72, 75, 77, 79, 131, 147, 385, 386

blood of, 55–57, 64, 96, 348

castration of, 54–59, 64, 85, 96, 312, 348

offspring of Gaia and, 50–53

Vernant, Jean-Pierre, 13, 37, 83, 94–95, 140n, 177n, 310–11, 373–74, 383–84

Virgil, 55, 55n, 229n, 231, 233, 235

war, 135n, 136, 278

wisdom, 138, 166, 168

Odysseus’s journey and, 169–73, 177, 180–201

Women of Trachis (Trachiniae) (Sophocles), 275, 278

work, 133, 136, 141, 147–48

Works and Days (Hesiod), 30, 131, 137, 144–45

World as Will and Representation, The (Schopenhauer), 128–29

written word, preservation of, 23–24

Xenophon, 119n

Zeus (Jupiter), 3–4, 6, 7, 20, 27, 28, 33, 35–36, 61–66, 71, 74–94, 96–98, 101, 102, 105, 111, 126, 129, 142, 148, 190, 211, 218, 234, 237, 238, 269, 271, 304, 305, 309, 317, 332, 340, 371, 376, 385, 386

Amalthea and, 62, 145, 276

Apollo and, 103, 221

Asclepius and, 219–21, 223

Atlas condemned to carry the world by, 138

Bellerophon and, 214n

Cronus dethroned by, 75–76, 81, 82, 154–55

Cyclopes and, 52, 62–63, 77, 81, 82, 155, 221

daimons and, 134

Danae and, 306–7

Dionysus and, 219, 370–73, 379

Ephialtes and, 214n

Epimetheus and, 138–39, 143–44

flood created by, to destroy humanity, 158–62

foodstuffs of men hidden by, 141, 148

giants and, 96–98, 158–59

Hecatoncheires and, 62–63, 81, 155

Heracles and, 250–56, 260, 263–65, 267, 269–70, 274, 285

Hermes and, 124–25

heroes and, 136n

Ixion and, 213n

Lycaon and, 158–61

marriages of, 61, 75, 78

Menoetius and, 138

Metis swallowed by, 76–78, 81, 140

Midas and, 108

Minos and, 291–92

Niobe and, 214n

Odysseus and, 173, 177, 180, 181, 201, 381

Otus and, 214n

Pandora’s box and, 144–45

Pandora’s creation ordered by, 141–43, 153

Persephone and, 238–40, 242–46

Perseus and, 315

Phaeton and, 213n

Phineus and, 326

Prometheus chained by, 145–46, 153, 155

Prometheus requested to sacrifice ox and apportion meat by, 139–41, 143, 146, 150, 151

Prometheus’s theft of fire and, 141

Rhea’s protecting of, 61–62, 75, 147

Salmoneus and, 213n

Semele and, 89, 370, 373

shield of, 62, 145

silver age and, 135n

Sisyphus and, 225–26

tempests unleashed by, 171, 184, 201

Titans and, 77, 79, 96, 101, 103, 111, 129, 134n, 138, 285, 356, 380

Trojan War and, 171, 184, 185

Typhon and, 81–97, 99, 117, 121, 251, 265, 270, 285, 292

vengeance against Prometheus and mankind by, 138–39, 141–45, 150, 154–57

world settled between gods and men by, 139