Elizabeth the Queen: The Life of a Modern Monarch

SOURCE NOTES

PREFACE

1. Elizabeth fell in love: John W. Wheeler-Bennett, King George VI: His Life and Reign, p. 749.

2. “She never looked at anyone else”: Margaret Rhodes interview.

3. “People will not realize”: Nigel Nicolson, Vita and Harold: Letters of Vita Sackville-West and Harold Nicolson, p. 414.

4. “Her private side took me”: Howard Morgan interview.

5. “She stacked the plates!”: George “Frolic” Weymouth interview.

6. “You can hear her laughter”: Tony Parnell interview.

7. “intentionally measured and deliberate pace”: William Shawcross, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother: The Official Biography [QEQM], p. 347.

8. “She can uphold the identity”: Margaret Rhodes interview.

9. “to watch her sidle into a room”: Graham Turner, Elizabeth: The Woman and the Queen, pp. 58–59.

10. When her cousin Lady Mary Clayton: Author’s observation.

11. “the only thing that comes between”: Monica Tandy interview.

12. “like a bat out of hell”: Margaret Rhodes interview.

13. “interest and character to the face”: Elizabeth Longford, Elizabeth R: A Biography, p. 9.

14. “To be that consistent”: Dame Helen Mirren interview.

15. “It’s just like scrubbing your teeth”: Jean Seaton interview, recounting conversation between her late husband, Ben Pimlott, and Queen Elizabeth II.

16. “It’s not really a diary”: E II R documentary, BBC, Feb. 6, 1992.

17. “I had no idea what to say”: Gwen, the Countess of Dartmouth, interview.

18. “A great battle is lost”: Martin Gilbert, Winston S. Churchill, Vol. 8, “Never Despair,” 1945–1964, p. 835.

19. “She makes a dictatorship more difficult”: Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, the 7th Marquess of Salisbury, interview.

20. “the right to be consulted”: Walter Bagehot, The English Constitution, p. 75.

21. “a symbol of unity in a world”: William Shawcross, Queen and Country [Q and C], p. 216.

22. “When she says something”: Gay Charteris interview.

23. “There is a weed in Scotland”: Lady Elizabeth Anson interview.

24. “supporting the Queen”: Gyles Brandreth, Philip and Elizabeth: Portrait of a Royal Marriage, p. 228.

25. “Prince Philip is the only man”: Ibid., p. 347.

26. “never having to look”: John Julius Cooper, the 2nd Viscount Norwich, interview.

27. “She has two great assets”: Sarah Bradford, Elizabeth: A Biography of Britain’s Queen, pp. 358–59; Turner, p. 195, quotes Martin Charteris saying the Queen is “as strong as a yak.”

28. “present[s] the house to her”: Tony Parnell interview.

29. I first met Queen Elizabeth II: Author’s observation.

30. generating considerably more searches: Google Trends: www.google.com/trends.

31. It was probably fitting: Author’s observation.

ONE: A Royal Education

1. “Does that mean”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 81.

2. “catching the days”: Margaret Rhodes interview.

3. “an air of authority”: Shawcross, Q and C, pp. 21–22.

4. “neat and methodical”: Marion Crawford, The Little Princesses: The Story of the Queen’s Childhood by Her Nanny, Marion Crawford, p. 171.

5. “She liked to imagine herself”: Mary Clayton interview.

6. “I never wanted this to happen”: Wheeler-Bennett, p. 294.

7. “It was when the Queen was eleven”: Helen Mirren interview.

8. “I have a feeling that in the end”: E II R documentary.

9. “It was unheard of for girls”: Patricia Knatchbull, 2nd Countess Mountbatten of Burma, interview (her husband was John Knatchbull, 7th Baron Brabourne, and she has been known either as Patricia Mountbatten or Patricia Brabourne).

10. “hopeless at math”: Mary Clayton interview.

11. “to write a decent hand”: Crawford, p. 19.

12. “as fast as I can pour it”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 535.

13. “a first-rate knowledge”: Ben Pimlott, The Queen: A Biography of Elizabeth II, p. 69.

14. “the corners of the Commonwealth”: Mark Collins interview.

15. “stood me in good stead”: Robert Lacey, Monarch: The Life and Reign of Elizabeth II, pp. 406–7.

16. “a dramatic, racy, enthusiastic”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 304.

17. “entirely at home with him”: Crawford, p. 85.

18. “Hide nothing”: Sir Alan “Tommy” Lascelles, King’s Counsellor: Abdication and War: The Diaries of Sir Alan Lascelles, edited by Duff Hart-Davis, p. 208.

19. “somewhat rambling structure”: Lacey, Monarch, p. 116. 7 “a consultative and tentative absolutism”: Ibid., p. 117.

20. “it was as if she were studying”: Ibid., p. 118.

21. “cool clear precision”: David Horbury, “A Princess in Paris,” Royalty Digest: A Journal of Record 6, no. 3 (September 1996): 88.

22. “to appraise both sides”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 116.

23. “fresh, buxom altogether ‘jolly’ ”: Time, April 29, 1929.

24. “The way that Dame Pearl”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 555.

25. “The arches and beams”: Jane Roberts, Queen Elizabeth: A Birthday Souvenir Album, facsimile reproduction of “The Coronation 12th May, 1937, To Mummy and Papa In Memory of Their coronation, From Lilibet, By Herself.”

26. “No, none”: The Queen, by Rolf, BBC documentary, Jan. 1, 2006.

27. “intelligent and full of character”: Gerald Isaaman, “A Forgotten Artist Who Had a Brush with Grandeur,” Camden New Journal, Jan. 15, 2004.

28. “horrid … He was one of those”: The Queen, by Rolf, BBC documentary.

29. The second artist to capture: Pimlott, p. 33.

30. “It’s quite nice”: The Queen, by Rolf documentary.

31. “horses are the greatest levelers”: Frolic Weymouth interview.

32. “moving carpet”: Sally Bedell Smith, Diana in Search of Herself: Portrait of a Troubled Princess, p. 149.

33. “They’re heelers”: The Queen, by Rolf documentary.

34. “It was a very inhibiting experience”: Turner, p. 11.

35. “Never do that to royalty”: James Ogilvy interview.

36. “a glass curtain”: Crawford, p. 81.

37. “real people”: Ibid., p. 31.

38. “quite fierce”: Lady Pamela Mountbatten (Hicks after her marriage to interior designer David Hicks) interview.

39. “was brought up knowing”: Patricia Brabourne interview.

40. “if you find something or somebody”: Ann Morrow, The Queen, p. 16.

41. “You must not be in too much of a hurry”: Crawford, p. 89.

42. “particularly easy and pleasant”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 465.

43. “sometimes I have tears”: Ibid., p. 468.

44. “almost continually ‘on show’ ”: Ibid., p. 478.

45. “The Queen knows the prayer book”: George Carey, the 103rd Archbishop of Canterbury and later Lord Carey of Clifton, interview.

46. “She comes from a generation”: Ibid.

47. “sit up at a slight distance:” Clarissa Eden, the Countess of Avon, interview.

48. “a lady’s back should never touch”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 780.

49. “brought up her children”: Mary Clayton interview.

50. “never shout or frighten”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 336.

51. “remember to keep your temper”: Ibid., p. 583.

52. “She was brought up by strict”: Confidential interview.

53. “small, very smart, and rather peremptory”: John Dean, H.R.H. Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh: A Portrait by His Valet, p. 60.

54. “The Queen just enjoyed”: Mary Clayton interview.

55. “clothes tidy”: Crawford, p. 172.

56. “internal fast beat”: Helen Mirren interview.

57. who wore a tiara every night at dinner: Deborah Devonshire, the Dowager Duchess of Devonshire, Home to Roost and Other Peckings, p. 62.

58. “look anyone straight in the face”: Cecil Beaton, Self Portrait with Friends: The Selected Diaries of Cecil Beaton, edited by Richard Buckle, p. 264.

59. “Queen Mary wore tiaras like she wore her toques”: Devonshire, Home to Roost and Other Peckings, p. 62.

60. Queen Mary touchingly said: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 196.

61. “all the people who’ll be waiting”: Ibid., pp 73–74.

62. “new ideas held no terrors”: Gilbert, p. 809.

63. “a happy childhood”: Crawford, p. 18.

64. “wonderful memory training”: Ibid., p. 43.

65. “steadfastness”: Robert Lacey, Majesty: Elizabeth II and the House of Windsor, p. 92.

66. Six weeks later: Crawford, p. 106.

67. Crawfie directed the princesses: Ibid., p. 108.

68. “purdah”: Lacey, Majesty, p. 105.

69. “I was brought up amongst men”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 122.

70. “the first requisite of a really good officer”: Crawford, p. 150.

71. “a rather shy little girl”: Ibid., p. 134.

72. “never forgot there was a war on”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 122.

73. “the whistle & scream”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 527.

74. “looking different”: Ibid., p. 531.

75. “Though they are so good”: Ibid., p. 586.

76. “pink cheeks and good appetites”: Ibid., p. 542.

77. “All seemed to breathe”: Christopher Hibbert, Queen Victoria: A Personal History, p. 177.

78. shot her first stag: Margaret Rhodes interview. 19 caught her first salmon: Lascelles, p. 257.

79. Tommy Lascelles imitating a St. Bernard: Ibid., p. 54. 19 “young men and maidens”: Ibid., p. 184.

80. “the best waltzer in the world”: Frances Campbell-Preston, The Rich Spoils of Time, edited by Hugo Vickers, p. 221.

81. “confidence and vigour”: Horace Smith, A Horseman Through Six Reigns: Reminiscences of a Royal Riding Master, p. 150.

82. “What a beastly time”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 576.

83. “and give her a little picture”: Crawford, p. 142.

84. “all the happiest memories”: Bradford, p. 86.

85. The girls earned their cooking badges: Crawford, p. 148.

86. With their Cockney accents: Ibid., pp. 117–18.

87. “I think I’ve broken the prop-shaft”: Peter Morgan, The Queen screenplay, p. 65.

88. She told Labour politician: Barbara Castle, The Castle Diaries, 1964–1976, p. 213.

89. “I’ve never worked so hard”: Bradford, p. 108.

90. That night, she and Margaret Rose: Margaret Rhodes, The Final Curtsey, pp. 66–67; Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 124, recounting Toni de Bellaigue’s memories.

91. “provided us with sandwiches”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 124.

92. “Out in crowd again”: Rhodes, p. 69.

93. “It was a unique burst of personal freedom”: Ibid., p. 68.

94. “walked miles … Ran through Ritz”: Ibid., p. 69.

95. “the princesses wished to be treated”: The Times, Aug. 8, 1945.

TWO: Love Match

1. “There was a whole battalion”: Lady Anne Glenconner interview.

2. “boulevardier”: Hugo Vickers, Alice Princess Andrew of Greece, p. 210.

3. “The family broke up”: Brandreth, pp. 33–34.

4. “He was one of those boys”: Sir Trevor McDonald, The Duke: A Portrait of Prince Philip, Indigo Television for ITV, May 13, 2008.

5. “born leader”: Wheeler-Bennett, p. 748.

6. “intelligence and spirit”: Brandreth, p. 39.

7. “Prince Philip is a more sensitive”: Patricia Brabourne interview.

8. “never took her eyes off him”: Crawford, p. 101.

9. “been in love for the past eighteen”: Bradford, p. 105.

10. “intelligent, has a good sense of humour”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 579.

11. “the simple enjoyment”: Ibid., p. 578.

12. All he left: Vickers, Alice, p. 321.

13. “descants and ditties”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 598. 29 “pink and fawn”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 126.

14. She invited Mrs. Vicary Gibbs: Mabel, Countess of Airlie, Thatched with Gold: The Memoir of Mabel, Countess of Airlie, edited by Jennifer Ellis, pp. 223–24.

15. “absolutely natural”: Campbell-Preston, p. 217.

16. “danced every dance”: Ibid., p. 219.

17. He was a frequent visitor: Crawford, pp. 175–77.

18. “all the good things which have happened”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 625.

19. “Philip had a capacity for love”: Turner, p. 34.

20. “would not have been a difficult person”: Patricia Brabourne interview.

21. “pin-up”: Michael Dewar, editor, All the Queen’s Horses: A Golden Jubilee Tribute to Her Majesty the Queen, p. 11.

22. “sugar pink”: Cecil Beaton, The Strenuous Years: Diaries, 1948–1955, p. 143.

23. “She sort of expands”: Margaret Rhodes interview.

24. “was always trying to catch up”: Anne Glenconner interview.

25. “one of the most becoming frocks”: Crawford, p. 165.

26. “I think people thought ‘Aha!’ ”: Patricia Brabourne interview.

27. “Royal Firm”: Longford, Elizabeth R, pp. 15, 140.

28. “a practical little man”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 602.

29. The first several days: Gaumont British Newsreel (Reuters), “Royal Family on Board the HMS Vanguard.”

30. Elizabeth carried a photograph: Crawford, p. 185.

31. The princesses were enchanted: Gaumont British Newsreel (Reuters), “Royal Welcome to Capetown”; “Royal Family Visits Ostrich Farm”; “Royal Visit to Durban and Zululand”; “Royal Family Tour the Kruger National Park.”

32. “guilty that we had got away”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 612.

33. “quite sucked dry sometimes”: Ibid., p. 619.

34. her mother’s ability to still his “gnashes”: Ibid., pp. 618–19.

35. “terrible and glorious years”: “21st birthday speech,” April 21, 1947, Official Website of the British Monarchy.

36. The address was written: Brandreth, p. 153.

37. “the trumpet-ring”: Ibid.

38. Reading the text for the first time: Helen Cathcart, Her Majesty the Queen: The Story of Elizabeth II, p. 80.

39. “200 million other people cry”: Ibid.

40. “a lump into millions”: S. Evelyn Thomas, Princess Elizabeth: Wife and Mother: A Souvenir of the Birth of Prince Charles of Edinburgh, p. 47.

41. “Of course I wept”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 621.

42. “solid and endearing”: May 13, 1947, LASL 4/4/17, Sir Alan Lascelles Papers, Churchill College, Cambridge University.

43. “an astonishing solicitude”: Sir Alan Lascelles to Lady Lascelles, April 30, 1947, LASL 4/4/2/17, Lascelles Papers.

44. They had made a great effort: Gaumont British Newsreel (Reuters), “Royal Tour Reaches Pretoria and Johannesburg”; “Tribesmen Gather for Royal Visit.”

45. the princesses sometimes in their dressing gowns: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 615.

46. After boarding the Vanguard: Gaumont British Newsreel (Reuters), “Capetown Bids Farewell to Royal Family.”

47. “real”: Pimlott, p. 110.

48. “There was luxury, sunshine and gaiety”: Pimlott, p. 124, citing Jock Colville unpublished diary, end of Aug. 1947, Sept. 21 and 29, 1947.

49. In 1947 the Crown Estate provided: Zaki Cooper, assistant press secretary to the Queen, email, June 17, 2010.

50. “sensational evening”: Noel Coward, The Noel Coward Diaries, p. 96.

51. “he dealt them out like playing cards”: Lady Elizabeth Longman interview.

52. “busy refilling the cigarette boxes”: Dean, p. 46.

53. “suddenly and apparently without difficulty”: Ibid.

54. “very brave or very foolish”: Patricia Brabourne interview.

55. “Nothing was going to change for her”: Ibid.

56. “a flash of colour”: Gilbert, p. 359.

57. “patience, a ready sympathy”: British Pathé Newsreel, “The Princess Weds,” Nov. 20, 1947.

58. “tumultuous expression of good will”: Ibid.

59. “the bride snugly ensconced”: Cathcart, p. 92.

60. As they alighted: Ibid.

61. “like a female Russian commando”: Rhodes, p. 35.

62. “I only hope that I can bring up”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 630.

63. “Cherish Lilibet?”: Ibid., p 631.

THREE: Destiny Calls

1. “serious questions”: Eleanor Roosevelt, This I Remember, p. 209.

2. “social problems”: Eleanor Roosevelt, The Autobiography of Eleanor Roosevelt, p. 230.

3. “brimming with tears”: Horbury, “A Princess in Paris,” Royalty Digest, Sept. 1996, p. 88.

4. “published good photographs”: Ibid.

5. “in black lace, with a large comb”: Henry Channon, Chips: The Diaries of Sir Henry Channon, edited by Robert Rhodes James, p. 425.

6. “I never realized”: Patricia Brabourne interview.

7. a hospital suite had been prepared: Alfred Wright, Jr., “A Royal Birth,” Life, Nov. 8, 1948.

8. Around 9 P.M. senior members: Major Thomas Harvey, private secretary to Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, “Notes on the birth of Prince Charles,” Nov. 14, 1948.

9. “I knew she’d do it!’: Ibid.

10. “any spare pages”: Ibid.

11. “Glad it’s all over”: Ibid.

12. “never been so pleased”: Ibid.

13. “just a plasticene head”: Ibid.

14. “I had no idea that one”: Daily Telegraph, March 31, 2011.

15. “fine, long fingers”: Anthony Holden, Charles Prince of Wales, p. 67.

16. “when someone complained”: Bradford, p. 145.

17. “Philip is terribly independent”: Shawcross, QEQM, pp. 630–31.

18. “suspended from a crown”: Dean, p. 113.

19. “In England the upper class”: Pamela Hicks interview.

20. “some of the darkest evils in our society today”: Pimlott, p. 160.

21. “were advised that conditions”: Dean, p. 121.

22. At the outset she fulfilled: Gaumont British Newsreel (Reuters), “Princess Elizabeth Leaving for Malta”; “Princess Joins Duke in Malta”; “Princess Elizabeth Visits Mdina Cathedral in Malta”; “Princess Elizabeth Unveils War Memorial and Visits Maternity Hospital.”

23. “I think her happiest time”: Margaret Rhodes interview.

24. “noticed that she was slow”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 160.

25. The royal couple lived: Pamela Hicks interview.

26. Elizabeth dispensed: Dean, pp. 121–22.

27. They cheered: Pamela Hicks interview; Gaumont British Newsreel (Reuters), “Lady Pamela Mountbatten Wins Ladies Race”; “Princess Goes Dancing and Views U.S. Warship.”

28. “loathed”: Pamela Hicks interview.

29. “a very fast, very dangerous”: Ibid.

30. “Don’t say anything”: McDonald, The Duke documentary.

31. who was enraptured: Gay Charteris interview.

32. “vulgar”: Pimlott, p. 138.

33. “giving himself an ecstatic hug”: Shawcross, QEQM, pp. 644–45.

34. he helped his wife: Time, Feb. 18, 1952.

35. for the first time she took the salute: Gaumont British Newsreel (Reuters), June 1951, “The Royal Family Watches Trooping the Colour Parade.”

36. “the happiest of my sailor life”: Dean, p. 130.

37. “I thought I was going to have a career”: Brandreth, p. 178.

38. The double-decker plane: Gaumont British Newsreel (Reuters), Oct. 1951, “The Royal Stratocruiser and Crew.”

39. “one of the largest military parades”: Ibid., “Royal Tour Reaches Quebec,” October 1951.

40. in Toronto: Ibid., “Royal Tour Continues to Toronto and Niagara Falls.”

41. “comfort, softness, and discretion”: Confidential interview.

42. “My face is aching”: Pimlott, p. 171.

43. When the royal couple watched: Gaumont British Newsreel (Reuters), “Royal Tourists in the Cowboy Country.”

44. “a good investment”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 165.

45. “much refreshed and strengthened”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 650.

46. “He was impatient”: Brandreth, p. 208.

47. “This will ruin my hair!”: Gaumont British Newsreel (Reuters), “Royal Tour Continues to Toronto and Niagara Falls.”

48. when she saw the skyline: Ibid., “Royal Tour Continues in Windsor and Winnipeg.”

49. “recovered so promptly”: Ibid., “Washington Hails the Princess.”

50. “tells me when everyone”: Ibid. 58 “fairy princess”: Pimlott, p. 172.

51. “free men everywhere”: Gaumont British Newsreel (Reuters), “Washington Hails the Princess.”

52. She later told Martin: Betty Beale, Power at Play: A Memoir of Parties, Politicians and the Presidents in My Bedroom, p. 34.

53. a reception at the Statler Hotel: Gaumont British Newsreel (Reuters), “Washington Hails the Princess.”

54. “welcome ornament”: Ibid., “Busy Days in Washington.”

55. Only Elizabeth managed: Dean, p. 140.

56. “Where is your sword?”: Gaumont British Newsreel (Reuters), “The Royal Couple Return to Buckingham Palace After Their Trip to Canada.”

57. “Britain’s heiress presumptive puts her duty first”: Ibid.

58. When the City of London: Ibid., “City Welcomes Princess and Duke.”

59. The red-brick facade: Country Life, May 28, 2008.

60. “sturdily philistine”: Elizabeth Longford, The Queen Mother: A Biography, p. 157.

61. “HEAD & FACE ONLY”: Deborah Devonshire and Patrick Leigh Fermor, In Tearing Haste: Letters Between Deborah Devonshire and Patrick Leigh Fermor, edited by Charlotte Mosley, p. 212.

62. The King felt well enough: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 651. 61 Dressed in khaki trousers: Dean, p. 147.

63. “Look, Philip, they’re pink!”: Time, Feb. 18, 1952.

64. After a pleasant day shooting hares: Shawcross, QEQM, pp. 652–53. 62 “the most appalling shock”: Shawcross, Q and C, p. 16.

65. “pale and worried”: Dean, p. 148.

66. “Oh, thank you”: Pamela Hicks interview.

67. “seized her destiny with both hands”: Shawcross, Q and C, p. 17.

FOUR: “Ready, Girls?”

1. “What are you going to call yourself?”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 176.

2. “It was all very sudden”: E II R documentary.

3. “she looked as if she might”: Dean, p. 149.

4. “was like the Rock of Gibraltar”: Turner, p. 41.

5. “Lilibet, your skirts are much too short”: Dean, p. 149.

6. “by the sudden death”: BBC, “On This Day,” Feb. 8, 1952, news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday.

7. by several accounts she was in tears: Morrow, p. 73; Bradford, p. 168.

8. “protection and love”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 180.

9. “I cannot bear to think of Lilibet”: Shawcross, QEQM, pp. 654–55.

10. “I tried to cheer him up”: Gilbert, p. 697.

11. “my father realized very quickly”: Mary Soames interview.

12. “He was impressed by her”: Brandreth, p. 217.

13. “Extraordinary thing”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 196.

14. “a fair and youthful figure”: Gilbert, p. 700.

15. “if, as many earnestly pray”: Shawcross, Q and C, p. 121.

16. “People need pats on the back”: E II R documentary.

17. “gallantry and utter contempt”: “Investiture at Buckingham Palace” on Wednesday, 27th February 1952, at 11 o’clock a.m.: To be Decorated: Private William Speakman, The King’s Own Scottish Borderers. Buckingham Palace Press Office.

18. “my little lady”: Dean, p. 60.

19. “I like my rooms to look really lived in”: Morrow, p. 65.

20. “a bureaucrat’s dream”: Turner, p. 46.

21. “rather personal to oneself”: E II R documentary.

22. “a piece of 300 to 900 words”: Government chief whip to Mr. R. T. Armstrong, Feb. 22, 1975, National Archives, Kew.

23. “low wattage”: Mr. Bernard Weatherill, His Humble Duty [to HMTQ], Parliamentary Proceedings from Monday 14th February to Friday 18th February, 1972, National Archives, Kew.

24. “as well informed”: Morrow, p. 158.

25. Michael Adeane estimated: Pimlott, p. 401. 72 “If I missed one once”: Confidential interview.

26. “my way of meeting people”: E II R documentary.

27. she reverted to her nursery ways: Morrow, p. 92.

28. “She is not particular”: Confidential interview.

29. In her first gesture of modernity: Jonathan Dimbleby, The Prince of Wales: A Biography, p. 22.

30. “a final romp”: Dean, p. 172.

31. “Why isn’t Mummy”: Ibid., p. 173.

32. “For a real action man”: McDonald, The Duke documentary.

33. “wielded over the Sovereign”: G. Lytton Strachey, Queen Victoria, p. 93.

34. “The Monarchy changed”: Brandreth, p. 215.

35. “Refugee husband”: Ibid., p. 147.

36. “Philip was constantly being squashed”: Ibid., p. 218.

37. “My father was considered pink”: Patricia Brabourne interview.

38. “the House of Mountbatten now reigned”: Hugo Vickers, Elizabeth the Queen Mother, p. 311.

39. “She was very young”: Patricia Brabourne interview.

40. “I am the only man”: Pimlott, p. 185.

41. “I’m nothing but a bloody amoeba”: Hugh Massingberd, Daydream Believer: Confessions of a Hero-Worshipper, p. 148.

42. “that old drunk Churchill”: Ibid.

43. “Churchill never forgave my father”: Patricia Brabourne interview.

44. “save her a lot of time”: McDonald, The Duke documentary.

45. “would submit entirely”: Dimbleby, p. 59.

46. “she was not indifferent so much as detached”: Ibid.

47. “her struggle to be a worthy head of state”: William Deedes interview (Jan. 20, 1998).

48. “In the first five years she was more formal”: Confidential interview.

49. she once attended a ball: New York Times, Feb. 8, 1996.

50. “How much nicer”: Nancy Mitford, Love from Nancy: The Letters of Nancy Mitford, edited by Charlotte Mosley, p. 291.

51. “must seem very blank”: Bradford, p. 169.

52. “engulfed by great black clouds”: Victoria Glendinning, Edith Sitwell: A Unicorn Among Lions, p. 299.

53. a small run-down castle: Author’s observations and tour by Nancy McCarthy.

54. “How sad it looks”: Aberdeen Press and Journal, Jan. 9, 2009.

55. “escape there occasionally”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 670.

56. “The point of human life”: Ibid., p. 769.

57. “the great mother figure”: Beaton, Strenuous Years, p. 147.

58. “like a great musical comedy actress”: Roy Strong interview.

59. “pink cushiony cloud”: Cecil Beaton, The Unexpurgated Beaton: The Cecil Beaton Diaries as He Wrote Them, introduction by Hugo Vickers, p. 52.

60. “They were great confidantes”: Dame Frances Campbell-Preston interview.

61. “an Edwardian lady”: Ibid.

62. “A lot of the importance”: Confidential interview.

63. “The Queen Mother was always”: Confidential interview.

64. The two women deferred to each other: Margaret Rhodes interview.

65. “very much the Sovereign”: Nicolson, Vita and Harold, p. 405.

66. “millions outside Westminster Abbey”: The Queen’s First Christmas Broadcast, Dec. 25, 1952, Official Website of the British Monarchy.

67. “henceforth have, hold and enjoy”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 194.

68. “not those of a busy”: Beaton, Strenuous Years, p. 120.

69. “We took it for granted”: Gay Charteris interview.

70. “quite inappropriate for a King”: Bradford, p. 184, citing 98th and 99th Conclusions, 18 and 20 Nov. 1952, National Archives, Kew.

71. “What a smug stinking lot”: Michael Bloch, The Secret File of the Duke of Windsor, p. 279.

72. “like a phoenix-time”: Pimlott, p. 193.

73. “the emblem of the state”: Washington Post, June 3, 1953.

74. She met several times: Canon John Andrew interview.

75. “I’ll be all right”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 199.

76. “All the deposed monarchs are staying”: Mini Rhea, with Frances Spatz Leighton, I Was Jacqueline Kennedy’s Dressmaker, p. 162.

77. “and that takes a bit of arranging”: Deane Heller and David Heller, Jacqueline Kennedy, p. 81.

78. “a great big, warm personality”: Beaton, The Strenuous Years, p. 143.

79. “swathed in purple silk”: Baltimore Sun, June 3, 1953.

80. “She was relaxed”: Anne Glenconner interview.

81. “You must be feeling nervous”: Shawcross, Q and C, p. 182.

82. “Ready, girls?”: Anne Glenconner interview.

83. “plucked indiscriminately”: Baltimore Sun, June 3, 1953.

84. “backwards and forwards”: Beaton, The Strenuous Years, p. 144.

85. she gave a slight neck bow: British Pathé Coronation newsreel, Part 1, June 3, 1953.

86. “Lord Cholmondeley had to do”: Anne Glenconner interview.

87. “It was the most poignant moment”: Ibid.

88. “Some small interest was generated”: Baltimore Sun, June 3, 1953.

89. “The real significance”: John Andrew interview.

90. “gentleness in levying taxes”: British Pathé Coronation newsreel, Part 2, June 3, 1953.

91. “intense expectancy”: Beaton, The Strenuous Years, p. 144.

92. “Look, it’s Mummy!”: Associated Press, June 2, 1953.

93. “sadness combined with pride”: Beaton, The Strenuous Years, p. 143.

94. “She used to say”: Frances Campbell-Preston interview.

95. “never once did she lower”: Associated Press, June 2, 1953.

96. “Oh ma’am you look so sad”: Anne Glenconner interview.

97. “as a simple communicant”: Beaton, The Strenuous Years, p. 145.

98. Before leaving the chapel: Anne Glenconner interview.

99. “We were all running”: Ibid.

100. “anchored them in her arms”: Beaton, The Strenuous Years, p. 147.

101. “Elizabethan explorers”: William Manchester, Baltimore Sun, June 3, 1952.

102. “the Coronation has unified”: Earl Warren, governor of California, to Dwight D. Eisenhower, report on coronation, June 30, 1953, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library and Museum.

103. Future prime minister John Major: William Shawcross, Queen and Country, BBC Four-Part Documentary Series, 2002.

104. “It was a thrilling time”: Sir Paul McCartney interview.

105. “he was never anointed”: Jeremy Paxman, On Royalty: A Very Polite Inquiry into Some Strangely Related Families, p. 125.

106. “television lunch”: Baltimore Sun, June 3, 1953; Paul Johnson, Brief Lives: An Intimate and Very Personal Portrait of the Twentieth Century, p. 111.

FIVE: Affairs of State

1. “She would pull on all sorts”: Jean, the Countess of Carnarvon, interview.

2. The Queen was driven down: Universal International Newsreel, June 6, 1953.

3. “marvelous sport”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 239.

4. “seemed to be just as delighted”: BBC Sport, June 2, 2003.

5. “Winston of course”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 214.

6. “Oh, racing”: Shawcross, Q and C, p. 70.

7. “they spent a lot of the audience”: Mary Soames interview.

8. “I could not hear”: Lascelles, p. 430.

9. “mingled, with perfect facility”: Lytton Strachey, p. 33.

10. “Not a bit of it”: Nicolson, Vita and Harold, p. 405.

11. “What did you think”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 213.

12. “in a frightful fury”: Ibid.

13. “If it was a case of teaching”: Mary Soames interview.

14. “rather rough on the Poles”: Gilbert, p. 810.

15. “the strain”: Winston and Clementine Churchill, Winston and Clementine: The Personal Letters of the Churchills, edited by Mary Soames, p. 569.

16. “fatigue”: Ibid., p. 570.

17. writing a lighthearted letter: Gilbert, p. 852.

18. “They want you”: Ibid., p. 884.

19. “prevaricated continuously”: Clarissa Eden, Clarissa Eden: A Memoir from Churchill to Eden, p. 142.

20. “a devilish bad equerry”: Lascelles, p. 211.

21. “It is not necessary for you”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 119. 96 “She would not listen ever”: Mary Clayton interview.

22. “Margaret was an awful tease”: Ibid.

23. “The Queen never shows off”: Kenneth Rose interview.

24. “unusual, intense beauty”: Kenneth Rose, Intimate Portraits of Kings, Queens and Courtiers, p. 273.

25. “in a black hole”: Pimlott, p. 199.

26. “deeply in love”: Lascelles, p. 398.

27. “formidable obstacles”: Ibid.

28. “fluff”: BBC, “On This Day,” October 31, 1955, news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday.

29. “This is most important!”: Lascelles, p. 399.

30. “employment abroad as soon as possible”: Ibid.

31. “stood on the sidelines”: Obituary of Peter Townsend, The Independent, June 21, 1995.

32. “the Queen, after consulting”: Lascelles, p. 400.

33. He was scheduled to retire: Ibid., p. 405.

34. “She strongly believed”: Elizabeth Anson interview.

35. By one accounting: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 206.

36. “She sees herself fused”: Brian Mulroney interview.

37. Sir Philip Moore, her private secretary: Oliver Everett interview.

38. “The transformation of the Crown”: The Queen’s Speech at the Luncheon in the Guildhall to mark her Silver Jubilee, Tuesday 7th June 1977, Buckingham Palace Press Office.

39. the Queen supervised the creation: Daily Telegraph, June 23, 2009.

40. “looked so young and vulnerable”: Coward, p. 222.

41. “the good of the world”: Gilbert, p. 942.

42. Otherwise, Elizabeth II watched: Gaumont British Newsreel (Reuters), “Fiji Hails the Queen.”

43. “Didn’t you LOVE this?”: Pamela Hicks interview.

44. “The Queen suffered through that”: Ibid.

45. “the Crown is not merely”: Queen Elizabeth II Christmas Broadcast, Dec. 25, 1953, Official Website of the British Monarchy.

46. Two keen listeners: Vickers, Elizabeth the Queen Mother, p. 329.

47. “He is intensely affectionate”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 692.

48. by one count, three quarters: Shawcross, Q and C, p. 59.

49. “world’s sweetheart”: Pimlott, p. 222.

50. “The level of adulation”: Brandreth, p. 181.

51. “How moving & humble making”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 691.

52. “I remember her complaining”: Pamela Hicks interview.

53. “never … a superfluous gesture”: Beaton, The Strenuous Years, p. 144. 103 “she has no intermediate”: Pimlott, p. 250.

54. “The trouble is that unlike”: Daily Mail, Sept. 16, 2008, excerpt from Killing My Own Snakes, by Ann Leslie.

55. “Don’t look so sad, sausage”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 209–10.

56. “What meaneth then”: Morrow, p. 44.

57. “One plants one’s feet”: Susan Crosland, Tony Crosland, p. 346.

58. “It was almost like a lady’s prop”: Phil Brown interview.

59. “is a very practical down-to-earth lady”: Confidential interview.

60. “I watched the Queen open her handbag”: Confidential interview.

61. “I’m always fascinated by their toes”: Morrow, p. 92.

62. “a way of relieving the boredom”: Turner, p. 63.

63. “Do come in, you have nothing to do”: Pamela Hicks interview.

64. To a gathering of scientists: HRH the Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh, Selected Speeches, 1948–1955, p. 82.

65. Her attendants noticed: Pamela Hicks interview.

66. “We were all pouring sweat”: Debbie Palmer interview.

67. “There are certain people whose skin runs water”: Pamela Hicks interview.

68. the new 412-foot royal yacht: Author’s observation; The Royal Yacht Britannia Official Guidebook.

69. “country house at sea”: The Royal Yacht Britannia Official Guidebook, p. 17.

70. “truly relax”: Ibid., p. 14.

71. “You may find Charles much older”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 692.

72. “No, not you dear”: Holden, Charles Prince of Wales, p. 88.

73. The private reunion was warm: Pamela Hicks interview.

74. “enchanting”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 692.

75. “No, Not You Dear”: Anthony Holden, Charles: A Biography, p. 15.

76. “One saw this dirty commercial river”: Gilbert, p. 976, citing Queen Elizabeth II reflections in Queen and Commonwealth, television documentary produced by Peter Tiffin, April 22, 1986.

77. “seemed less truculent”: Eden, p. 168.

78. “dragged out longer and longer”: Gilbert, p. 1124.

79. The Queen remained patient: Ibid., p. 1115.

80. “felt the greatest personal regrets”: Ibid., p. 1117.

81. “young, gleaming champion”: Ibid., p. 1121.

82. “never be separated”: Ibid., p. 1123.

83. “wished to die in the House of Commons”: Ibid., p. 1124.

84. “will ever, for me, be able to hold”: Ibid., p. 1127.

85. “to keep Your Majesty squarely confronted”: Ibid.

86. “the case was not a difficult one”: Ibid., p. 1125.

87. “Well, Ma’am?”: Eden, p. 190.

88. “the best looking politician”: Ibid., p. 122.

89. “odd and violent temper”: Cynthia Gladwyn, The Diaries of Cynthia Gladwyn, edited by Miles Jebb, p. 198.

90. “Anthony was telling her”: Eden, p. 215.

91. “They were chatting away and laughing”: Clarissa Eden interview.

92. “It is only by seeing him”: Daily Telegraph, Nov. 7, 2009.

93. “COME ON MARGARET!”: Christopher Warwick, Princess Margaret: A Life of Contrasts, p. 197.

94. In early October the Edens visited: Eden, p. 219.

95. “high place”: The Times, Oct. 24, 1955.

96. Although her sorrowful statement: BBC, “On This Day,” Oct. 31, 1955, news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday.

97. “in a cottage”: Rose, p. 189.

98. “selfish and hard and wild”: Bradford, p. 287.

99. captured her in seven sessions: “1954 Sir William Dargie: Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II,” artistsfootsteps.com.

100. “straight back … never slumped once”: Ibid.

101. “a nice friendly portrait”: Laura Breen, “Dargie’s Wattle Queen,” reCollections: A Journal of Museums and Collections, Nma.gov.au.

102. The only other portrait: The Queen, by Rolf documentary.

103. “kind, natural and never aloof”: Pietro Annigoni, An Artist’s Life: An Autobiography, p. 84.

104. “watching the people and the cars”: Ibid., p. 82.

105. “alone and far off”: Ibid., p. 83.

106. Margaret praised the artist’s success: Ibid., p. 86.

107. The following year Margaret sat thirty-three times: Ibid., p. 96.

108. “Mine was better than hers”: Frolic Weymouth interview.

109. she visited the Oji River Leper Settlement: Gaumont British Newsreels (Reuters), “Royal Tour of Nigeria 1956.”

110. “qualities of grace and compassion”: Barbara Ward, “The Woman Who Must Be a Symbol,” New York Times Magazine, Oct. 13, 1957.

111. On May 11, 1956: Andrew Duncan, The Queen’s Year: The Reality of Monarchy: An Intimate Report on Twelve Months with the Royal Family, p. 152.

112. which some participants liken: Morrow, p. 91.

113. Once one of her corgis had an accident: Oliver Everett interview.

114. “looking very smart”: Eden, p. 230.

115. “She was dressed”: Nikita Khrushchev, Khrushchev Remembers, translated and edited by Strobe Talbott, p. 406.

116. “The Queen said to me”: Eden, p. 231.

117. “Nothing was kept from her”: Pimlott, p. 253.

118. “she understood what we were doing”: Lacey, Majesty, p. 212. 115 He began taking Benzedrine: Gladwyn, p. 198.

119. “edgy”: Pimlott, p. 255.

120. “I think the Queen believed Eden was mad”: Ibid.

121. “Are you sure you are being wise?”: Ibid.

122. “nor would I claim that she was pro-Suez”: Lacey, Majesty, p. 212.

123. “I don’t think she was really for it”: Gay Charteris interview.

124. “in such a bad way”: Gladwyn, p. 198.

125. Churchill, who criticized: Gilbert, p. 1222.

126. “the real enemy”: Ibid.

127. “it is most interesting”: Ibid., p. 1223.

128. “highly valued”: Shawcross, Q and C, p. 74.

129. “wise and impartial reaction”: Pimlott, p. 273.

130. “choose the older man”: Lacey, Majesty, p. 215.

SIX: Made for Television

1. “it would have been much simpler”: HRH Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh, Prince Philip Speaks: Selected Speeches by His Royal Highness the Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, K.G., 1956–1959, edited by Richard Ollard, p. 38.

2. “remote communities”: McDonald, The Duke documentary.

3. “by profession a sailor”: Prince Philip, Selected Speeches, 1948–1955, p. 105.

4. “allegiance to another”: Ibid., p. 148.

5. He pursued his fascination: Prince Philip, Selected Speeches, 1956–1959, p. 137.

6. “full set”: British Pathé newsreel, “The Duke Visits the Outposts.”

7. In a nostalgic touch: Pamela Hicks interview; McDonald, The Duke documentary.

8. “Philip’s Folly”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 225. 120 although he did send the Queen white roses: Ibid.

9. “willing to serve others”: Prince Philip, Selected Speeches, 1956–1959, p. 38.

10. “He has one of those minds”: Confidential interview.

11. “whole man”: Prince Philip, Selected Speeches, 1956–1959, p. 131.

12. “sub-health”: Ibid., p. 95.

13. The story of the “party girl”: Brandreth, p. 254.

14. “very hurt, terribly hurt, very angry”: Pimlott, p. 271, citing Brook Productions, The Windsors, interview transcript.

15. “It is quite untrue”: Irish Times, Feb. 12, 1957.

16. “nothing at all”: Prince Philip, Selected Speeches, 1956–1959, p. 43. 122 The idea had come: Pimlott, p. 272.

17. “Most of our people have never had”: Alistair Horne, Harold Macmillan, Vol. 2, 1957–1986, p. 64.

18. although she sometimes became irritated: Charles Williams, Harold Macmillan, pp. 293, 319.

19. “instinctive reverence”: Horne, p. 169.

20. “We all knew about it”: Woodrow Wyatt, The Journals of Woodrow Wyatt, Vol. 2, p. 546.

21. “a mask of impenetrable calm”: Williams, p. 474.

22. “Victorian languor”: Horne, p. 308.

23. astonished him from the outset: Ibid., p. 14.

24. “a great support”: Ibid., p. 168.

25. “She never reacted excessively”: Lacey, Majesty, p. 217.

26. “be made to smile more”: Ibid., p. 218.

27. “had always assumed people wanted”: Ibid.

28. Dickie Mountbatten blamed the delay: Massingberd, p. 148.

29. “just as calm and composed”: Eleanor Roosevelt, My Day: The Best of Eleanor Roosevelt’s Acclaimed Newspaper Columns, 1936–1962, p. 247.

30. “haven of security”: Dimbleby, p. 40.

31. “She let things go”: Gay Charteris interview.

32. Six-year-old Charles flopped onto: Eden, p. 201.

33. Clarissa Eden was mildly amused: Clarissa Eden interview.

34. “the natural state of things”: McDonald, The Duke documentary, quoting Pamela Hicks.

35. that Charles make his bed: Lacey, Majesty, p. 235.

36. “a very gentle boy”: Bradford, p. 329.

37. “not a vessel to be filled”: Hill House International Junior School Website.

38. being in a classroom with other boys: Dimbleby, pp. 32–33.

39. educating the “whole” child: Cheam School Website.

40. “Children may be indulged at home”: Dimbleby, p. 43.

41. “I always preferred my own company”: Ibid., p. 44.

42. He had no idea what was coming: Ibid., p. 49.

43. “dread”: Queen Elizabeth II to Anthony Eden, Jan. 16, 1958, Lord Avon Papers.

44. “not necessarily fitted to serve”: Time, April 8, 1957.

45. “tight little enclave”: “The Monarch Today,” National and English Review, Aug. 1957, pp. 61–67.

46. “efficient public relations set-up”: New Statesman, Oct. 22, 1955.

47. “to pit his infinitely tiny”: Pimlott, p. 281.

48. “a very silly man”: Time, Aug. 19, 1957.

49. “95 per cent of the population”: Ibid. In 1963 after Parliament passed a law allowing peers to renounce their titles, Altrincham would disclaim his and become known as John Grigg.

50. “real watershed”: Roy Strong, The Roy Strong Diaries, 1967–1987, p. 430.

51. By some accounts, Prince Philip: Sunday Graphic, Nov. 17, 1957.

52. With help from her husband: Sunday Times, Dec. 22, 1957.

53. The following year marked the last: Fiona MacCarthy, Last Curtsey: The End of the Debutantes, pp. 1, 17–18.

54. “those who mix socially”: Malcolm Muggeridge, “Does England Really Need a Queen?,” Saturday Evening Post, Oct. 19, 1957.

55. He was harassed: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 229.

56. She used a TelePrompTer for the first time: Washington Post, Oct. 14, 1957.

57. “shy, a bit bashful”: New York Times, Oct. 14, 1957. 131 “I want to talk to you”: Washington Post, Oct. 14, 1957. 131 “taking part in a piece”: New York Times, Oct. 15, 1957.

58. “there does seem to be a much closer”: Queen Elizabeth II to Anthony Eden, Oct. 11, 1957, Lord Avon Papers, Birmingham University.

59. “devoted friendship”: The Papers of Dwight David Eisenhower: NATO and the Campaign of 1952, Vol. 13, letter to Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, Feb. 7, 1952, p. 947.

60. he liked to recount: “Suggested Remarks: Welcome for Prince Charles and Princess Anne,” July 15, 1970, Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum.

61. “We all dived under the table”: Daily Mail, Jan. 15, 2011, citing unused footage from the 1969 documentary Royal Family.

62. “If [Eisenhower] and his party”: Rhodes, p. 57.

63. “was so staggered”: Daily Mail, Jan. 15, 2011.

64. A crowd of ten thousand greeted: Illustrated London News, Oct. 26, 1957.

65. “enlightened and skilled statesmen”: Washington Post, Oct. 17, 1957.

66. As they waited to take off: Wiley T. Buchanan, Jr., with Arthur Gordon, Red Carpet at the White House: Four Years as Chief of Protocol in the Eisenhower Administration, p. 130.

67. “He was flustered”: Ruth Buchanan interview.

68. “the little British sovereign”: Washington Post, Oct. 18, 1957.

69. “very certain, and very comfortable”: Ruth Buchanan interview.

70. “staggering amount”: New York Times, Oct. 19, 1957.

71. “rather startling ideas”: Richard Nixon to Queen Elizabeth II, Oct. 19, 1957, Nixon Library.

72. “match”: Washington Post, Oct. 19, 1957.

73. “could see how American housewives”: New York Times, Oct. 20, 1957.

74. Dressed in a $15,000 mink coat: Buchanan, p. 132. 134 “perturbed”: Washington Post, Oct. 20, 1957.

75. “parade of industries”: New York Times, Oct. 20, 1957.

76. “How nice that you can bring your children”: Washington Post, Oct. 20, 1957.

77. “Good for mice!”: Ibid.

78. “amazed and scared”: Ibid.

79. On their final day: Ibid., Oct. 21, 1957.

80. “as it should be approached”: New York Times, Oct. 22, 1957.

81. “Wheeeee!”: New York Daily News, Oct. 21, 1957.

82. “a row of great jewels”: Alistair Cooke, Manchester Guardian, Oct. 22, 1957.

83. “Hi Liz”: Washington Post, Oct. 22, 1957.

84. “I never realized”: New York Daily News, Oct. 21, 1957.

85. “a teaser”: New York Times, Oct. 22, 1957.

86. “a thunderous standing ovation”: Washington Post, Oct. 22, 1957.

87. “kept standing up”: Ibid.

88. “tremendous”: New York Times, Oct. 22, 1957.

89. “the evening sky was purple”: Manchester Guardian, Oct. 22, 1957.

90. eating striped bass with champagne sauce: Anne Pimlott Baker, The Pilgrims of the United States: A Centennial History, pp. 128–29.

91. Guests could watch: New York Times, Oct. 22, 1957.

92. “one time during the program”: Ibid.

93. “straight as a ruler”: Buchanan, p. 149

94. “Philip … look at all those people”: Ibid., pp. 149–50.

95. “You both have captivated”: Dwight D. Eisenhower to Queen Elizabeth II, Oct. 20, 1957, Eisenhower Library.

96. “extraordinarily successful”: New York Times, Oct. 22, 1957.

97. “has buried George III for good and all”: Horne, p. 55.

98. “Why did she have to cross”: Washington Post, Oct. 27, 1957.

99. “gone beyond the stage”: Prince Philip, Selected Speeches, 1948–1955, p. 55.

100. “Television is the worst of all”: Queen Elizabeth II to Anthony Eden, Oct. 11, 1957, Lord Avon Papers.

101. Philip, who had urged her: Sunday Dispatch, Oct. 6, 1957.

102. “more vivacious”: Daily Mirror, Oct. 11, 1957.

103. Philip took a particularly active role: Sunday Times, Dec. 22, 1957.

104. In addition to getting the knack: Sunday Graphic, Dec. 22, 1957.

105. “My husband seems to have found”: Daily Express, Dec. 27, 1957.

106. A few days before the broadcast: News Chronicle, Dec. 27, 1957.

107. The Queen spoke: Queen Elizabeth II Christmas Broadcast, Dec. 25, 1957, Official Website of the British Monarchy.

108. her husband standing behind: News Chronicle, Dec. 27, 1957.

109. “post-Altrincham royal speech”: Daily Express, Dec. 27, 1957.

110. “unstrained and natural”: News Chronicle, Dec. 27, 1957.

111. “All her charm”: Daily Express, Dec. 27, 1957.

112. “lovely statement”: News Chronicle, Dec. 27, 1957.

113. “The final draft was, in fact”: Pimlott, p. 291.

114. one year her butler noted: Paul Burrell, A Royal Duty, p. 19.

115. “the working pieces of kit”: David Thomas interview.

116. “There is one thing to remember”: Ibid.

117. “looking like culprits”: Diaries of David Bruce, Nov. 3, 1964, Richmond Historical Society.

118. “I think I have made the dullest”: Annigoni, p. 181.

119. “my neck is still feeling”: Ibid.

120. “many millions of my subjects”: “The Queen’s Speech,” Oct. 28, 1958.

121. “were scarcely separated”: Lacey, Monarch, p. 214.

122. “I am going to have a baby”: Pimlott, p. 305.

123. Mayor Richard Daley rolled the red carpet: Chicago Tribune, July 17, 2005.

124. “Chicago is yours!”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 311.

125. “he had never witnessed”: Dwight D. Eisenhower to Queen Elizabeth II, July 7, 1959, Eisenhower Library.

126. “this will be an insult”: Horne, p. 147.

127. friends including the Earl of Westmorland: Eisenhower Archives, guest list, Aug. 21, 1959, Eisenhower Library.

128. “The Queen and Eisenhower got on”: Dominic Elliot interview.

129. “When there are fewer I generally put”: Queen Elizabeth II to Dwight D. Eisenhower, Jan. 24, 1960, Eisenhower Library.

130. “perfect in every respect”: Dwight Eisenhower to Queen Elizabeth II, Aug. 30, 1959, Eisenhower Library.

131. Philip gave eight speeches: Prince Philip, Selected Speeches, 1956–1959, pp. 32–34.

132. “great national awakening”: Ibid., p. 33.

133. “The Queen only wishes”: Williams, p. 357.

134. “absolutely set her heart”: Anthony Howard, Rab: The Life of R. A. Butler, p. 276.

135. “in tears”: Bradford, p. 286.

136. “de-royalised”: Harold Macmillan, Pointing the Way, 1959–1961, p. 161.

137. at the urging of Dickie and Prince Charles: Dimbleby, p. 234; Massingberd, p. 148.

138. “a great load off her mind”: Bradford, p. 286.

139. “The Queen has had this in mind”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 251.

SEVEN: New Beginnings

1. “Nothing, but nothing”: Turner, pp. 46–47.

2. “Pigmy-Peep-a-toes”: The Mitfords: Letters Between Six Sisters, edited by Charlotte Mosley, p. 287.

3. “slightly explosive drawl”: Strong, p. 158.

4. “If you missed the ‘royal’ ”: Confidential interview.

5. “I don’t measure the depth”: Peter Morgan, The Queen, p. 5.

6. “You mustn’t worry”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 847.

7. “I felt the Queen was not served well: Patricia Brabourne interview.

8. “whole atmosphere”: Coward, p. 437.

9. “endless, vivid herbaceous borders”: Ibid., p. 438.

10. “pale … a bit tremulous”: Ibid.

11. “scowl a good deal”: Ibid.

12. “When she is deeply moved”: Richard Crossman, The Diaries of a Cabinet Minister, Vol. 2, Lord President of the Council and Leader of the House of Commons, 1966–1968, Sept. 20, 1966, p. 44.

13. The £26,000 cost: Bradford, p. 292.

14. the Macmillan government picked up: Lacey, Monarch, p. 216. 152 refurbished at a cost: Bradford, p. 402.

15. £50,000 of which was allocated: Anne de Courcy, Snowdon: The Biography, p. 105.

16. “an opportunity to consider”: Horne, p. 169.

17. “assiduity with which she absorbed”: Ibid.

18. “the wind of change is blowing”: Macmillan, Pointing the Way, p. 156.

19. “The official text is weak”: Horne, p. 205.

20. “to appeal to de Gaulle’s sense of grandeur”: Ibid., p. 223.

21. “well informed about everything”: Charles de Gaulle, Memoirs of Hope: Renewal and Endeavor, p. 235.

22. “Only Rose Kennedy came into the room”: Brian Mulroney, Memoirs, p. 326.

23. “eaten into [JFK’s] soul”: Isaiah Berlin Oral History, John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum.

24. “the greatest man he ever met”: Ibid.

25. “young cocky Irishman”: Horne, p. 288.

26. “strange character … obstinate, sensitive, ruthless”: Ibid., pp. 281–82.

27. “We seemed to be able (when alone)”: Harold Macmillan to Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy, Feb. 18, 1964, Harold Macmillan Archive, Bodleian Library, Oxford University.

28. “surrounded himself with a large retinue”: Macmillan, Pointing the Way, p. 352.

29. “special relationship within”: Henry Brandon Oral History, Kennedy Library.

30. “professional statesman”: Raymond Seitz, Over Here, p. 41.

31. “completely overwhelmed”: Horne, p. 303.

32. “put on a good show”: Diaries of David Bruce, June 2, 1961.

33. “pretty heavy going”: Gore Vidal, Palimpsest: A Memoir, p. 372.

34. “they were all tremendously kind”: Cecil Beaton, Self Portrait with Friends, p. 341.

35. “the Queen was human only once”: Vidal, p. 372.

36. He had an Egyptian wife: David E. Lilienthal, The Journals of David E. Lilienthal, Vol. 4, The Road to Change, 1955–1959, p. 338.

37. “corrupt and tyrannical regime”: Gilbert, p. 1331.

38. “widespread uneasiness”: Ibid., p. 1330.

39. “her wish is to go”: Ibid., p. 1331.

40. “fainthearts in Parliament and the press”: Horne, p. 399.

41. “How silly I should look”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 320.

42. “the greatest Socialist monarch”: Horne, p. 399.

43. “fell for her”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 321.

44. “how muddled his views on the world”: Pimlott, p. 308, summarizing letter from Queen Elizabeth II to Henry Porchester, Nov. 24, 1961.

45. “I have risked my Queen”: Horne, p. 399.

46. “brave contribution”: Ibid.

47. This time Elizabeth II gave the American sisters: Diaries of David Bruce, March 28, 1962.

48. “It was a great pleasure”: Queen Elizabeth II to John F. Kennedy, May 20, 1962, Kennedy Library.

49. “the stuff he is made of”: Prince Philip, Selected Speeches, 1956–1959, pp. 134–35.

50. “prison sentence”: Dimbleby, p. 69.

51. “hell … especially at night”: Ibid., p. 78.

52. “an awful cloud came down”: David Ogilvy, the 13th Earl of Airlie, interview.

53. “She loves her duty”: Macmillan, Pointing the Way, p. 472.

54. “fashionable London call girl”: John F. Kennedy and Arthur Schlesinger, telephone recording transcript, March 22, 1963, Presidential Papers, Office Files, Presidential Recordings, Kennedy Library.

55. “political squalor”: Schlesinger to John F. Kennedy, “The British Political Situation,” March 25, 1963, W. Averell Harriman Papers, Library of Congress.

56. “grossly deceived”: Diaries of David Bruce, June 17, 1963.

57. “pitiable and extremely damaging”: Horne, p. 483, quoting Bruce cable to Dean Rusk, June 18, 1963.

58. “greatly undermined”: Diaries of David Bruce, June 15, 1963.

59. “deep regret at the development”: Harold Macmillan, At the End of the Day, 1961–1963, p. 445; Horne, p. 485.

60. “charmingly consoling letter”: Horne, p. 486.

61. The Palace approved: Charles Powell, Baron Powell of Bayswater, interview.

62. “in animated conversation”: Ibid.

63. “firm step, and those brightly shining eyes”: Macmillan, At the End of the Day, p. 515.

64. “there were in fact tears”: Horne, p. 565.

65. “seemed moved”: Macmillan, At the End of the Day, p. 515.

66. “the Queen asked for my advice”: Ibid.

67. “take his soundings”: Ibid., p. 516.

68. “magic circle”: Pimlott, p. 334.

69. “too remote”: Ibid., p. 332.

70. “excruciatingly amusing”: Diaries of David Bruce, July 20, 1961.

71. “taking women into a parliamentary embrace”: “The Life Peerages Act 1958: The passage of the Act,” lifepeeragesact.parliament.uk.

72. “friendly headmaster”: Lacey, Majesty, p. 260.

73. “guide and supporter”: Macmillan, At the End of the Day, p. 519. 165 “continue to take part in public life”: Ibid.

74. “It is almost incredible”: Diaries of David Bruce, Nov. 12, 1963.

75. “The unprecedented intensity”: Queen Elizabeth II speech at Runnymede, May 14, 1965, itnsource.com (Reuters TV).

76. She insisted on having: Diaries of David Bruce, Nov. 26, 1963, Nov. 28, 1963.

77. “generosity, sympathy and understanding”: Ibid., May 14, 1965.

78. “doom laden period”: Queen Elizabeth II speech at Runnymede, May 14, 1965, Itnsource.com (Reuters TV).

79. “wit and style”: Diaries of David Bruce, May 14, 1965.

80. “you share with me thoughts that lie too deep”: Ibid.

81. “immensely valuable”: Woodrow Wyatt, The Journals of Woodrow Wyatt, Vol. 1, edited by Sarah Curtis, p. 249.

82. “The Queen knew for years”: Ibid.

83. “I find that I can often put things out”: Turner, p. 57.

84. “She has a compartmentalized brain”: Margaret Rhodes interview.

85. “She talked of all sorts of things”: Diaries of David Bruce, April 28, 1964.

86. “She regards Windsor as her home”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 303.

87. “better than any dry cleaner in London”: Confidential interview.

88. “unnerving to be descended upon”: Strong, p. 220.

89. “It is always amusing to see”: Confidential interview.

90. the “Windsor Uniform”: John Martin Robinson, Windsor Castle: The Official Illustrated History, p. 81.

91. “I need to explain about the napkins”: Paxman, p. 121.

92. “The Queen told me it was all right”: Isabel Ernst interview.

93. “She never batted an eye”: Jean, Countess of Carnarvon, interview.

94. “The selections are to entertain”: Oliver Everett interview.

95. “It gives people something to talk about”: Jean Seaton interview.

96. “I suppose landscape is quite nice”: The Queen, by Rolf documentary.

97. “he experimented terribly”: Ibid.

98. “she was steered away from the unmade bed”: The Mitfords: Letters Between Six Sisters, p. 798.

99. “Her assessment of a picture”: Bradford, p. 500.

100. “She is neither an art historian”: Oliver Everett interview.

101. “beauty in nature”: Pimlott, p. 544.

102. “refrain from offering presents”: Diaries of David Bruce, April 29, 1964.

103. “What surprised me”: Strong, p. 219.

104. “the Lord Chamberlain is commanded”: Author’s invitation for July 7, 2009.

105. When the Palace doors open: Author’s observations.

106. “drank her tea”: Confidential interview.

107. “standing talking quietly”: Beaton, The Unexpurgated Beaton, p. 259.

108. “I suppose”: Harold Wilson, Wikipedia.

109. “I got a bleak look”: Sir Michael Oswald interview.

110. “read all his telegrams”: Lacey, Majesty, p. 260.

111. “We have to work very hard”: Confidential interview.

112. “a bit touchy … uncomfortable”: Woodrow Wyatt, The Journals of Woodrow Wyatt, Vol. 3, edited by Sarah Curtis, p. 505.

113. “tamed him”: Vickers, Elizabeth the Queen Mother, p. 409.

114. “Harold was never a republican”: Marcia Williams, Baroness Falkender, interview.

115. “real ceremonies of the monarchy”: Shawcross, Q and C, p. 99.

116. “She started with Winston Churchill”: Mary Wilson, Lady Wilson of Rievaulx, interview.

117. “He was surprised that she used to sit”: Marcia Falkender interview.

EIGHT: Refuge in Routines

1. “Operation Hope Not”: John Pearson, The Private Lives of Winston Churchill, p. 400.

2. “It was entirely owing”: Mary Soames interview.

3. President Lyndon Johnson was supposed: Diaries of David Bruce, Jan. 25, 1965.

4. “living entity to be fostered”: Independent Television from London, “The State Funeral of Sir Winston Churchill,” narrated by Sir Laurence Olivier, Paul Scofield, and Joseph C. Harsch.

5. Johnson desperately pressed: Diaries of David Bruce, Jan. 27, 1965.

6. The president’s designated replacement: Ibid.

7. “a great maker of history”: Dwight D. Eisenhower remarks, Jan. 30, 1965, Winstonchurchill.org.

8. “acknowledge our debt of gratitude”: Gilbert, p. 1361.

9. who equipped it with rugs: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 282.

10. “Waiving all custom and precedence”: Gilbert, p. 1362.

11. “we were not to curtsy”: Mary Soames interview.

12. “most enthusiastically rendered”: Diaries of David Bruce, Jan. 30, 1965.

13. “the clouds of cold”: Cecil Beaton, Beaton in the Sixties: More Unexpurgated Diaries, introduction by Hugo Vickers, p. 17.

14. “It hit between wind and water”: Diaries of David Bruce, Jan. 30, 1965.

15. “only the Queen decides”: Gilbert, p. 823.

16. “mark of Royal favour”: Official Website of the British Monarchy.

17. who had regularly hosted: Ian Balding, Making the Running: A Racing Life, pp. 99, 103–4.

18. “Well, here it is”: Mary Soames interview.

19. “Whoever invented these robes”: “The Queen Off Duty,” YouTube video.

20. “she is highly practical”: The Mitfords: Letters Between Six Sisters, p. 765.

21. “no hanging about”: Deborah Devonshire, Wait for Me!: Memoirs of the Youngest Mitford Sister, p. 314.

22. Following the luncheon: Author’s observations, June 15, 2009.

23. “The Queen is always very concerned”: Lt. Col. Sir Malcolm Ross interview.

24. “It’s always very lucky”: “The Queen Off Duty,” YouTube video.

25. “hats off, hair down”: The Mitfords: Letters Between Six Sisters, p. 766.

26. “had very good views on everything”: Marcia Falkender interview. 183 “justify any proposals to her”: Shawcross, Q and C, p. 99.

27. “restraining influence”: Horne, p. 171.

28. “The fact that she was Queen”: Marcia Falkender interview.

29. When he was worried: Kenneth Rose interview.

30. “large, shamoblic bisexual”: A. N. Wilson, Our Times: The Age of Elizabeth II, p. 150.

31. “terribly degrading”: Tony Benn, Out of the Wilderness: Diaries, 1963–1967, p. 168.

32. “the most miniature bow”: Ibid., p. 169.

33. “lovely laugh … really very spontaneous”: Crossman, The Diaries of a Cabinet Minister, Vol. 2, p. 44.

34. “Oh that woman”: Daily Telegraph, Dec. 29, 2007.

35. “natural charm”: Shawcross, Q and C, p. 100.

36. “You and I would never have got”: Castle, p. 25.

37. “which kept the conversation going”: Bradford, p. 321.

38. She patiently listened: Benn, pp. 230–32.

39. “She took him for a mug”: Kenneth Rose interview. 185 “I’m sure you’ll miss your stamps”: Benn, p. 446.

40. “except in knowledge of horse flesh”: Diaries of David Bruce, April 23, 1968.

41. “walking wounded”: Michael Oswald interview.

42. The Royal Stud at Sandringham: Author’s observations.

43. “a horse had a good shoulder”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 249.

44. “She reads a lot, and she knows a lot”: Michael Oswald interview.

45. “rests always with the Queen”: Arthur FitzGerald, Thoroughbreds of the Crown: The History and Worldwide Influence of the Royal Studs, p. 136.

46. “Maternity Help and Marriage Guidance Center”: Michael Oswald interview.

47. “She is very matter-of-fact”: Ibid.

48. “dive bombing”: Ian Balding interview.

49. “Oh, that was scary”: Ibid.

50. “She has the ability to get calmer”: Monty Roberts interview.

51. “talking to her is almost like talking”: Turner, p. 75.

52. “If she had been a normal person”: Ian Balding interview.

53. “Some trainers suit a particular horse”: Turner, p. 75.

54. “She would watch”: Balding, p. 115.

55. She revisits her horses: Ian Balding interview.

56. “I had a feeling that it was incredibly dusty”: Ibid.

57. “used to be bananas about it”: Jean Carnarvon interview.

58. “I really think it is ridiculous”: Ian Balding interview.

59. “I never have”: Ibid.

60. “keen to win at all costs”: Dewar, ed., p. 62.

61. “He drives it”: Monty Roberts interview.

62. “She has an ability to get horses”: Pimlott, p. 107.

63. “She gets into it and investigates”: Monty Roberts interview.

64. “the Ascot Vigil”: Vickers, Elizabeth the Queen Mother, p. 409.

65. “formal day wear”: Diaries of David Bruce, June 20, 1962.

66. “The great thing about racing”: Michael Oswald interview.

67. “Look, it’s on the wrong leg”: E II R documentary.

68. “I don’t think that horse stayed”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 249.

69. “As a human being one always has hope”: E II R documentary.

70. The 1950s brought her a string: Dewar, ed., pp. 29–30.

71. “Racing is incredible”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 691.

72. “The Queen Mother accepted gratefully”: Ibid., p. 790.

73. “great gastronome”: Diaries of David Bruce, March 4, 1969.

74. She had one serious health scare: Shawcross, QEQM, pp. 816–17.

75. “Oh, the Cake!”: The Mitfords: Letters Between Six Sisters, p. 308.

76. “She really is superb”: Ibid., p. 433.

77. the Queen Mother even joined: Diaries of David Bruce, June 4, 1962.

78. “the Japs”: Beaton, The Unexpurgated Beaton, p. 52.

79. “so nice & so nasty”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 348.

80. “They were naked”: Confidential interview.

81. “Darling, you must have them close”: Jane FitzGerald interview.

82. “Look at us. We are just ordinary people”: Wyatt, Vol. 2, p. 311.

83. In 1967 even seventeen-year-old Princess Anne: Shawcross, Q and C, p. 102.

84. “major blunder”: Coward, pp. 601–2.

85. “Tomorrow night, Ma’am”: Paul McCartney interview.

86. “lovely … She was like a mum”: Ibid.

87. “platoon of bagpipers”: Seitz, p. 316.

88. “little creep”: Ibid.

89. “the Queen talked at some length about violence”: Diaries of David Bruce, Aug. 2, 1968.

90. “I think she thought this was a bit too much”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 328.

91. “Queen Anne’s dying”: Ibid.

92. Driven by an impulse: de Courcy, p. 148.

93. “People will be looking after me”: Lacey, Monarch, p. 223.

94. “As a mother, I’m trying to understand”: Sunday Times, Oct. 30, 1966.

95. “It’s nice to hibernate”: E II R documentary.

96. The long drive from the gates: Author’s observations.

97. trucks filled with clothing: Martin Leslie interview.

98. “There is a certain fascination”: E II R documentary.

99. “The furniture has barely been moved”: Margaret Rhodes interview.

100. “Every new person goes for it”: Jean Carnarvon interview.

101. “Her Majesty is aware”: Martin Leslie interview.

102. “Hooray!”: Confidential interview.

103. “steep frowning glories”: Dimbleby, p. 35.

104. “At Balmoral, she knows every inch”: Malcolm Ross interview.

105. “It was always fun to see a new stalker”: Margaret Rhodes interview.

106. She shot her last stag: Confidential interview.

107. a practice she was forced to stop: Confidential interview.

108. “the hoovers”: Turner, p. 73.

109. “If I’d known you were all watching”: Ibid.

110. “She shows you to your room”: Confidential interview.

111. “as if a switch has flipped”: Malcolm Ross interview.

112. “She is conversing as she is playing”: Confidential interview.

113. “she has to have it absolutely right”: Anne Glenconner interview.

114. “Our lunch was over”: Confidential interview.

115. “Woe betide if you put”: Confidential interview.

116. “At Balmoral, she never forgets”: Confidential interview.

117. “engrossed in the sufferings of Swann”: Alan Bennett, The Uncommon Reader, p. 62.

118. For many years she would choose: Oliver Everett interview.

119. “You can go out for miles”: E II R documentary.

NINE: Daylight on the Magic

1. “Goodness what fun”: Bradford, p. 325.

2. “was very impressed”: Mary Wilson interview.

3. Displeased by her harsh treatment: Dimbleby, p. 39.

4. The Queen was not intimidated: Ibid., p. 40.

5. “work and responsibilities and duties”: The Queen at 80, Sky News, 2006.

6. “he could hear the younger children”: Min Hogg interview.

7. “dodge-ems”: The Queen at 80, Sky News, 2006.

8. “pick us up and say”: Ibid.

9. “caustic lot”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 273.

10. “exert her authority”: Bradford, p. 338.

11. “an utterly detached sensation”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 273.

12. Having ridden since the age: Princess Anne the Princess Royal, with Ivor Herbert, Riding Through My Life, p. 2.

13. “crème de la crème”: Dimbleby, p. 135.

14. “on level grown-up terms”: Daily Mirror, Feb. 28, 1968.

15. “I remember the patience”: Mary Wilson interview.

16. “charming … with his desire to please”: Gladwyn, p. 343.

17. “Right from the beginning”: Turner, p. 118.

18. “it just beggars belief”: Brandreth, p. 301.

19. “great difference”: Ibid., p. 296.

20. “was too proud to admit it”: Dimbleby, p. 189.

21. “an escape place”: E II R documentary.

22. “pure luxury … miles of stubble fields”: Princess Anne, p. 2.

23. “the autumn colours”: Ibid., p. 16.

24. It was one of the few times: Margaret Rhodes interview.

25. the Queen Mother had been preparing: Helen Markham interview.

26. “There is a grave shortage”: Display at Castle of Mey; copyright HM the Queen.

27. “A meal of such splendour”: Castle of Mey Visitors Book, Aug. 15, 1991; copyright HM the Queen.

28. In the distance through binoculars: Nancy McCarthy interview.

29. “She did not have to worry”: Vickers, Alice Princess Andrew of Greece, p. 335.

30. “Bubby-kins”: Ibid., p. 382.

31. “Yaya”: Ibid., p. 360.

32. “Oh, I thought you were saying”: Ibid., pp. 351–52.

33. “cuddly granny”: Ibid., p. 361.

34. “compartmentalize”: Ibid.

35. Andrew and Edward often came: Lacey, Monarch, p. 232.

36. even joining the elderly princess: Annigoni, p. 173.

37. “not arguments, but let’s say”: Vickers, Alice Princess Andrew of Greece, p. 391.

38. Her worldly goods: Ibid., p. 394. At a later date, according to her instructions, the remains of Princess Alice were transferred to Jerusalem for burial. In April 1993 she was recognized by the Holocaust Memorial in Jerusalem for her heroism in hiding a family of Jews from the Nazis in Greece during World War II.

39. “We are not publicity agents”: Time, April 11, 1949.

40. he had hosted a second program: McDonald, The Duke documentary. 215 “I was quite a different kind”: Shawcross, Q and C, p. 151.

41. “I think it is quite wrong”: The Times, Nov. 10, 1969.

42. “You can do it”: Pimlott, p. 379.

43. “the Queen goes with what she has to do”: Gay Charteris interview.

44. “She suddenly discovered”: Pimlott, p. 381.

45. “Can’t we avoid a shadow here?”: Morrow, p. 89.

46. “She never underplays the importance of ceremony”: Confidential interview.

47. implying she meant the hapless Annenberg: Diaries of David Bruce, Nov. 27, 1968.

48. “infinitely rewarding and impressive”: Walter Annenberg to Richard Nixon, May 1, 1969, Nixon Library.

49. “flustered envoy … verbal felicity”: Christopher Ogden, Legacy: A Biography of Moses and Walter Annenberg, p. 429.

50. Through speech therapy, he had learned: Ibid., p. 430.

51. “When we reviewed the film”: Ibid., p. 432.

52. “came through as a great character”: Beaton, Beaton in the Sixties, p. 342.

53. “we must not let in daylight upon magic”: Bagehot, p. 59.

54. “like a middle-class family in Surbiton or Croydon”: Evening Standard, June 26, 1969.

55. “depends on mystique”: Bradford, p. 353.

56. “rotten idea”: William Shawcross, Queen and Country documentary.

57. “language and culture”: Dimbleby, p. 149.

58. “grand and simple”: BBC News interview with Lord Snowdon, June 29, 2009.

59. “I didn’t want red carpets”: BBC Colour TV coverage, July 1, 1969, YouTube.

60. “that it was her show not his”: Gladwyn, p. 346.

61. “By far the most moving”: Dimbleby, p. 163. 222 “She gaily shattered”: Coward, p. 678.

TEN: Ring of Silence

1. “Everything about her seemed smaller”: Annigoni, p. 172. 225 “At every sitting”: Ibid., p. 174.

2. “I see Your Majesty”: Ibid., pp. 176–77.

3. The Queen had become fascinated: Diaries of David Bruce, April 22, 1969.

4. “and to the American people”: Queen Elizabeth II message to Richard Nixon, Department of State telegram, July 1969, Nixon Library.

5. “it filled us with wonder”: Annigoni, p. 184.

6. “he was so drunk”: Ibid., p. 185.

7. “You must have emptied”: Shaun Plunket interview.

8. “people who never in the past”: Confidential interview.

9. “He knew everybody”: Margaret Rhodes interview.

10. “She realized quickly that Patrick”: Shaun Plunket interview.

11. “often with a smile”: Ibid.

12. “a great protector”: Annabel Goldsmith, No Invitation Required: The Pelham Cottage Years, p. 87.

13. “Ma’am, do you feel I ought to close”: Shaun Plunket interview.

14. Afterward, he would regale: Annabel Goldsmith interview.

15. Philip was relieved: Shaun Plunket interview.

16. Plunket found a kindred spirit: Gay Charteris interview.

17. “Martin was someone he could relate to”: Ibid.

18. “would have been too late”: Ibid.

19. “One of the pleasant things”: Diaries of David Bruce, Feb. 4, 1969.

20. “There are no set plays”: Confidential interview.

21. “She will say, ‘Can you cope?’ ”: Confidential interview.

22. “a glare”: Anne Glenconner interview.

23. “fierce whisper”: Johnson, p. 105.

24. “It would be ghastly”: Esme, the Dowager Countess of Cromer, interview.

25. “easy to relax”: Campbell-Preston, p. 270.

26. “We never talked”: Esme Cromer interview.

27. They had shared a bedroom: Crawford, p. 121.

28. “Bobo could say anything”: Margaret Rhodes interview.

29. “The sketches were put all over”: Valerie Rouse interview, Hardyaimes.com.

30. “Bobo will give me hell”: Daily Mail, Nov. 11, 1997.

31. “She knew everything”: Confidential interview.

32. “quite friendly when thawed”: Dean, p. 60.

33. Bobo wandered away: Jean Carnarvon interview.

34. “sound, very human, very wise”: Patricia Brabourne interview.

35. “ring of silence”: Turner, p. 188, quoting an anonymous former cabinet secretary.

36. “Those who see the private side”: Confidential interview.

37. “She is not someone who is enormously intimate”: Confidential interview.

38. “One of her greatest strengths”: Robert Salisbury interview.

39. “the Colonel”: Shawcross, QEQM, p. 626.

40. “There is absolutely no such thing as snobbism”: Patricia Brabourne interview.

41. “I nearly died of fright”: Jean Carnarvon interview.

42. The hostess sends her the guest list: Esme Cromer interview.

43. “easy and gay and ready to giggle”: Coward, p. 634.

44. Two years later: Columbus O’Donnell interview.

45. She even showed up: Duncan, p. 188.

46. “You have mosquitoes”: Daily Mail, Sept. 16, 2008.

47. “I get kicked in the teeth”: Prince Philip speech at Edinburgh University, May 23, 1969.

48. “the monarchy functions”: Prince Philip interview on Grampian Television, Feb. 21, 1969.

49. “The answer to this question”: Duncan, p. 65.

50. he even jumped into a swimming pool: Lacey, Majesty, p. 257.

51. Three years later, President Nixon organized: Dinner at the White House, guest list for Tuesday, Nov. 4, 1969, at 8:00 P.M., Nixon Library.

52. “I had never thought of the President”: Barbara Walters, Audition: A Memoir, pp. 177–78.

53. “Might Queen Elizabeth ever abdicate?”: Ibid.

54. “means of unlocking”: Ibid.

55. “particularly charming and intelligent”: Prince Philip to Richard Nixon, Nov. 7, 1969, Nixon Library.

56. “Duke of Edinburgh jousts”: Time, Nov. 7, 1969.

57. “We go into the red”: Meet the Press, Nov. 9, 1969.

58. Consumer prices had risen by 74 percent: Lacey, Majesty, p. 275.

ELEVEN: “Not Bloody Likely!”

1. The ball was a Patrick Plunket production: Beaton, The Unexpurgated Beaton, pp. 71–73.

2. “We had been expecting to put up with Wilson”: Ibid., p. 75.

3. “I was told that he blushed”: Ibid.

4. “celibate”: Philip Ziegler, Edward Heath: The Authorised Biography, p. 230.

5. “cold and uncompassionate”: Ibid., p. 231.

6. He described her as a patient listener: Andrew Marr, An Intimate Portrait of the Queen at 80, BBC, 2006.

7. “a good deal”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 346.

8. “The fact that she has all these years”: Ibid.

9. “very useful … particularly on overseas stuff”: Ziegler, p. 319.

10. “deeply unhappy”: John Campbell, Edward Heath: A Biography, p. 494.

11. “It’s like Nanny being there”: Lacey, Monarch, pp. 260–61.

12. “actively sought to downgrade”: Ziegler, p. 374.

13. their first trip: Suggested Remarks: Welcome for Prince Charles and Princess Anne, July 15, 1970, Nixon Library.

14. “I learnt the way a monkey learns”: Longford, Elizabeth R, p. 279.

15. “At nineteen years old suddenly being dropped”: Shawcross, Queen and Country documentary.

16. Nixon laid on an ambitious program: Department of State, Office of the Chief of Protocol, “Administrative Arrangements for the Visit to Washington, D.C.: His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, K.G. and Her Royal Highness the Princess Anne,” Nixon Library.

17. More than three decades later: Confidential interview.

18. “hopes and aspirations”: Henry Kissinger to Richard Nixon, July 17, 1970, Nixon Library.

19. “pointed out one must not”: Dimbleby, p. 180.

20. The Queen, who was on vacation: Ziegler, p. 375.

21. “suitable for entertaining”: Michael Adeane to Charles Morris, M.P., Nov. 18, 1970, National Archives, Kew.

22. “during his four-hour stay”: Robert T. Armstrong to Michael Adeane, Nov. 18, 1970, National Archives, Kew.

23. “signal kindness”: Richard Nixon to Queen Elizabeth II, Oct. 7, 1970, Nixon Library.

24. “Taking a lively interest”: Appendices to the Minutes of Evidence Taken Before the Select Committee on the Civil List, 1971, p. 111.

25. “expensive kept woman”: Pimlott, p. 404.

26. “Martin was given his chance”: Gay Charteris interview. 246 “Your job is to spread a carpet of happiness”: Ibid.

27. “ridiculous disease”: Queen Elizabeth II to Edward Heath, Nov. 28, 1971, National Archives, Kew.

28. “to commiserate with you”: Edward Heath to Queen Elizabeth II, Nov. 23, 1971, National Archives, Kew.

29. “from them—one can’t win from a virus!”: Queen Elizabeth II to Edward Heath, Nov. 28, 1971, National Archives, Kew.

30. During her thirties and forties: Evening Standard, April 28, 1971.

31. “She has a theory that you carry on”: Confidential interview.

32. “how unnerving it was to get under the bedclothes”: Min Hogg interview.

33. “can do no harm”: Wyatt, Vol. 3, p. 423.

34. Among Blackie’s more exotic treatments: Morrow, p. 55.

35. “for whatever was wrong with them”: Min Hogg interview.

36. the Queen had extended an olive branch: Diaries of David Bruce, March 28, 1965.

37. But in 1968 the Queen complied graciously: Bradford, pp. 347–48.

38. “If the Duke of Windsor were to die”: Christopher Soames confidential telegram, May 10, 1972, National Archives, Kew.

39. Accompanied by an entourage of thirty-six: State Visit of the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh to France, Monday 15th–Friday 19th May, 1972, List of Party, National Archives, Kew.

40. “We may drive on different sides”: Time, May 29, 1972.

41. driving to Rouen at the mouth of the Seine: The Times, May 23, 1972.

42. “She went on board Britannia”: Mary Soames interview.

43. “a conspicuous demonstration”: The Observer, May 21, 1972.

44. “had seduced and conquered”: Ibid.

45. “With the Queen’s visit”: Time, May 29, 1972.

46. “prattled away”: Dimbleby, p. 217.

47. “He gave up so much for so little”: Ibid., p. 218.

48. “showed a motherly and nanny-like tenderness”: Beaton, The Unexpurgated Beaton, p. 256.

49. “The new links with Europe”: Queen Elizabeth II Christmas Broadcast, Dec. 25, 1972, Official Website of the British Monarchy.

50. “scratch our heads”: Prince Philip on Meet the Press, Nov. 9, 1969.

51. “pyramid of snobbery”: Andrew Knight interview (May 7, 1998).

52. “Action Man”: Dimbleby, p. 221.

53. “slightly sexy, ginny voice”: Confidential interview.

54. “feeling of emptiness”: Dimbleby, p. 232.

55. “shock and amazement”: Ibid.

56. “We had to be told”: “Princess Anne and Her Fiancé, Captain Mark Phillips, Talk About Marriage,” BBC, Nov. 10, 1973.

57. “interest, fascination”: Dimbleby, p. 233.

58. “few sentences”: The Times, Jan. 1, 2004.

59. Undaunted by his censorship: Ibid.

60. “The Queen could only await”: The Guardian, Feb. 14, 2010.

61. “our relaxed intimacy”: Pimlott, p. 419.

62. “the Queen … let it be known”: Beaton, The Unexpurgated Beaton, p. 370.

63. “Not bloody likely!”: “The Princess Royal at 60,” BBC Inside Sport special, Aug. 12, 2010.

64. “as if it were a perfectly normal”: Dimbleby, p. 254.

65. “It wouldn’t have been much good”: “Heavy Security as Princess Anne Visits Her Husband’s Home Village: Princess Describes Her Reaction to Attempt to Kidnap Her,” ITV Reuters, March 22, 1974.

66. whose grave she marked with a copper beech: FitzGerald, p. 146.

67. “Henry was the Queen’s closest personal friend”: Ian Balding interview.

68. They would cover not only her own: FitzGerald, pp. 135–36.

69. “to bring in new blood”: Michael Oswald interview.

70. Porchester advised the Queen: FitzGerald, p. 136.

71. “long-striding filly”: Dewar, ed., p. 30.

72. Valéry Giscard d’Estaing, sent a big bowl: FitzGerald, p. 137.

73. “fiery mood”: Ibid., p. 138.

74. “I’m very excitable on the race course”: New York Times, Oct. 5, 1984.

75. “Vive la Reine”: FitzGerald, p. 138.

76. “I was assigned a valet”: Confidential interview.

77. “I have to put on my white tie and medals”: Shaun Plunket interview.

78. “Patrick, I’m deeply grateful”: Ibid.

79. “caught a look of deep sadness”: Annabel Goldsmith, Annabel: An Unconventional Life: The Memoirs of Lady Annabel Goldsmith, p. 125.

80. “She certainly helped”: Shaun Plunket interview.

81. After his brothers presented it: Ibid.

82. “I’m sure I told the gardener”: Ibid.

83. Some even believe: Annabel Goldsmith interview.

84. “Have you given some thought”: Shaun Plunket interview.