L.A. Noir: The Struggle for the Soul of America's Most Seductive City

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A Note on Sources:

Many of the periodicals cited in the Notes and below came from the LAPD scrapbooks at the City Records Center (CRC) in Los Angeles. Often these clippings lack page numbers or even headlines. I have tried to provide the most complete citation possible, citing the paper’s name at the time of each article publication. (The scrapbooks may be reviewed in person at the City Records Center at the Piper Technical Center downtown.)

Files identified as LAPD departmental records are stored at the CRC but are not available to the general public.

Adams, Val. “Mike Wallace Puts Out Dragnet to Line Up ‘Talent’ for His New Show,” New York Times, April 21, 1957.

Ainsworth, Ed. Maverick Mayor: A Biography of Sam Yorty, Mayor of Los Angeles. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1966.

Alexander, David. Star Trek Creator: The Authorized Biography of Gene Roddenberry. New York: ROC, 1994.

Anderson, Clinton. Beverly Hills Is My Beat. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1960.

Baker, Erwin. “Mills Tells Parker to Explain Raid: Chief Denies Councilman Has Right to Quiz Him on Muslims,” Los Angeles Times, November 9, 1965.

Bass, Sandra, and John T. Donovan. “The Los Angeles Police Department” in The Development of Los Angeles City Government: An Institutional History, 1850-2000. Los Angeles: Los Angeles City Historical Society, 2007.

Becker, Bill. “Police Brutality on Coast Denied: Los Angeles Chief Answers Charges of Anti-Negro Tactics by His Force,” New York Times, January 27, 1960.

Berger, Leslie. “Elections ’92 LAPD Disciplinary System to Undergo Major Restructuring Police,” Los Angeles Times, June 4, 1992.

Blake, Gene. “First Such Convention in City Brings with It Host of New Problems,” Los Angeles Times, May 30, 1960.

Branch, Taylor. Pillar of Fire: America in the King Years 1963-65. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1998.

____. At Canaan’s Edge: America in the King Years 1965-1968. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2006.

Caen, Herb. “Another World: Search for the Prize Topper,” Los Angeles Times, June 15, 1960.

Caldwell, B. R. Letter to HQ, Los Angeles Procurement District, February 23, 1943. William H. Parker Police Foundation archives.

California Advisory Committee to the United States Commission on Civil Rights. “An Analysis of the McCone Commission Report.” January 1966. LAPD official records box 84638, City Records Center.

California Eagle. “Police Investigation Points Up Brutality In Minority Community.” June 30, 1949.

California Special Crime Study Commission on Organized Crime reports. March 7, 1949; January 31, 1950; November 15, 1950; and May 11, 1953. Sacramento, California.

Cannon, Lou. Official Negligence: How Rodney King and the Riots Changed Los Angeles and the LAPD. New York: Times Books, 1997.

Carte, Gene, and Elaine Carte. Police Reform in the United States: The Era of August Vollmer. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1975.

Chandler, Raymond. “The Simple Art of Murder.” The Atlantic Monthly. December 1944.

____. The Big Sleep and Farewell, My Lovely. New York: The Modern Library, 1995.

Chicago Daily Tribune. “Lana’s Romance with Stompanato Cools: Star Asks to Be Left Alone.” April 10, 1958.

Chicago Sun-Times. “Ex-Marine Tightened Up Los Angeles Police.” March 12, 1952.

Chicago Tribune. “Cohen Admits Big Gambling Take in Hotel Dice Games,” June 22, 1961.

City Council Minutes. August 14, 1934, 234-35.

________. Vol. 249, October 5, 1934, 18. Los Angeles City Archives, Piper Technical Center.

________. Vol. 247, June 14, 1934, 248. See also the attached city council files, Los Angeles City Archives, Piper Technical Center, File No. 3140 (1934).

_________. Vol. 248, August 14, 1934, 235-36. See City Council Minutes, August 15, 1934.

____. Memorandum to the City Council from the Police Commission, “Subject: Council File No. 89512,” August 6, 1959, CRC.

City News Service. “Parker Hits at Highest Court Ruling in Irvine ‘Bookie’ Case,” Los Angeles Journal, February 19, 1954.

Civil Rights Congress, “Is the Police Department Above the Law?” pamphlet, Southern California Library, Los Angeles.

Clarke, John, and Joseph Saldana, “True Life Story of Mickey Cohen.” July 1949.

Coates, Paul. “Midnight Memo to the Mayor,” Los Angeles Mirror. July 20, 1953.

____. “Lid Off L.A.!” Los Angeles Mirror-News, February 15, 1952.

______. “A Cool Customer in a Hot Spot.” Los Angeles Times, April 15, 1962.

Cohen, Michael. “Cohen’s Own Story of Cafe Shooting.” Los Angeles Herald, December 3, 1959. CRC scrapbook.

Cohen, Mickey. Unpublished manuscript, n.p., Hecht Papers, Newberry Library, Chicago.

Cohen, Mickey, as told to John Peer Nugent. In My Own Words. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1975.

Cohen letter to Hecht, March 22, 1964. Newberry Library, Chicago.

Conot, Robert. Rivers of Blood, Years of Darkness: The Unforgettable Classic Account of the Watts Riot. New York: Bantam, 1967.

Cosmopolitan. “Portrait of a Punk.”

Davidson, Bill. “The Mafia Can’t Crack Los Angeles.” Saturday Evening Post, July 31, 1965.

Davis, Clark. “The View from Spring Street: White-Collar Men in the City of Angeles” in Metropolis in the Making.

Demaris, Ovid. The Last Mafioso: The Treacherous World of Jimmy Fratianno. New York: Times Books, 1981.

Dixon, Jane. “Problems of a Working Girl: Queer Aspects of Human Nature Exhibited to Quiet and Watchful Theater Workers, Says Love Is Catching ‘Like the Measles.’” Los Angeles Times, July 15, 1919.

Domanick, Joe. To Protect and to Serve: The LAPD’s Century of War in the City of Dreams. New York: Pocket Books, 1994.

Donner, Frank. The Age of Surveillance: The Aims and Methods of America’s Political Intelligence System. New York: Random House, 1980.

Escobar, Edward. Race, Police, and the Making of a Political Identity: Mexican-Americans and the Los Angeles Police Department 1900-1945. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1999.

____ “Bloody Christmas and the Irony of Police Professionalism: The Los Angeles Police Department, Mexican Americans, and Police Reform in the 1950s,” Pacific Historical Review 72, 2.

Ethington, Philip. “The Global Spaces of Los Angeles, 1920s-1930s” in Gyan Prakash and Kevin Kruse, eds., The Spaces of the Modern City. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2008.

Federal Bureau of Investigation, Freedom of Information Act files: Meyer Harris Cohen, File #7-HQ-5908, 58-HQ-6129, 92-HQ-3156; James Dragna; William H. Parker (see in particular August 2, 1963, memo, Parker FBI file, for the origins of the FBI feud); Johnny Roselli; Bugsy Siegel; and Lana Turner.

Findley, James Clifford. “The Economic Boom of the ’Twenties in Los Angeles,” unpublished dissertation, Claremont (California) Graduate School, 1958.

Fishgall, Gary. Gonna Do Great Things: The Life of Sammy Davis, Jr. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2003.

Fleming, Lou. “Stevenson Supporters Try to Invade Arena, Extra Police Rushed to Entrance as Chanting Crowd of 600 Mills About.” Los Angeles Times, July 14, 1960.

Fogelson, Robert. Big City Police. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1977.

________ The Fragmented Metropolis: Los Angeles, 1850-1930. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1993.

____, ed. Mass Violence in America: The Los Angeles Riots. New York: Arno Press, 1969.

____. “White on Black: A Critique of the McCone Commission Report on the Los Angeles Riots” in Robert Fogelson, ed. The Los Angeles Riots. New York: Arno Press, 1969.

Ford, John Anson. Honest Politics My Theme. New York: Vantage Press, 1978.

Fox, Stephen. Blood and Power: Organized Crime in Twentieth-Century America. New York: Penguin, 1989.

Frank, Benis, interviewer. “Oral History Transcript: General William Worton.” Washington, D.C.: Historical Division, Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps.

Frawley, Harry. “Police Board Will Use More Power—Mayor.” Valley Times, August 8, 1950.

Friedrich, Otto. City of Nets: A Portrait of Hollywood in the 1940’s. New York: Harper & Row, 1986.

Gabler, Neil. An Empire of Their Own: How the Jews Invented Hollywood. New York: Doubleday, 1989.

Garland, Hamlin. Diaries. San Marino, Calif.: Huntington Library, 1968, p. 40.

Gates, Daryl. Chief: My Life in the L.A.P.D. New York: Bantam Books, 1992.

Giesler, Jerry. Hollywood Lawyer: The Jerry Giesler Story. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1960.

Gottlieb, Robert, and Irene Wolt. Thinking Big: The Story of the Los Angeles Times and Its Publishers and Their Impact on Southern California. New York: Putnam, 1977.

Governor’s Commission on the Los Angeles Riots, issued December 5, 1965. Reprinted in Robert Fogelson, ed. Mass Violence in America: The Los Angeles Riots.

Graham, Billy. Just As I Am. New York: Harper SanFrancisco, 1997.

Gregory, Dick. Callus on My Soul: A Memoir. New York: Kensington Books, 2002.

Harnisch, Larry. “Cohen Talks.” Daily Mirror Blog, http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/thedailymirror/2007/05/cohen_talks.html.

Hayde, Michael. My Name’s Friday: The Unauthorized but True Story of Dragnet and the Films of Jack Webb. Nashville: Cumberland House, 2001.

Hecht, Ben. Unpublished draft of Mickey Cohen biography dated February 6, 1959. Box 7. Ben Hecht Papers, Newberry Library, Chicago, IL.

____. A Child of the Century. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1954.

Henstell, Bruce. Sunshine and Wealth: Los Angeles in the Twenties and Thirties. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 1984.

Hertel, Howard, and Gene Blake. “Parker Hints Muslims Took Part in Rioting.” August 17, 1965.

Hill. Gladwin. “5-Year Term Given to Mickey Cohen; Judge Finds Gambler ’Not So Bad.” New York Times, July 10, 1951.

Hilty, James W. Robert Kennedy, Brother Protector. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1997.

Hollywood Citizen-News. “Mickey Shifted to New Jail to End ‘Privileges,’ Crowding at County Bastille the Official Cause,” February 8, 1952, CRC scrapbooks.

____. “Parker Hints at Crackdown, Own Cleanup May Forestall Jury Action,” March 27, 1952.

____. “4 Named to Police Board by Poulson,” July 2, 1953.

____. “Hidden Mike Barred, Beverly Bookie Case Upset by High Court,” April 28, 1955.

______ “Mickey Can’t Have L.A. Bar, Officers Rule,” October 10, 1955.

____. Untitled article, February 18, 1963.

____. “Parker Out of Hospital, Will Rest,” March 15, 1965.

Hopkins, Ernest Jerome. Our Lawless Police: A Study of Unlawful Law Enforcement. New York: Viking, 1931.

Horne, Gerald. Fire This Time: The Watts Uprising and the 1960s. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia Press, 1995.

Horwitt, Sanford. Let Them Call Me Rebel. New York: Knopf, 1989.

Hulse, Jerry. “Mickey Cohen to Wed Striptease Dancer, 22.” Los Angeles Times, October 2, 1959.

Hurewitz, Daniel. Bohemian Los Angeles and the Making of Modern Politics. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2007.

Houston, Paul. “Police Chief Parker’s Death Mourned in City and State, Meeting May Be Today to Name His Successor.” Los Angeles Times, June 19, 1966.

Irey, Hugh, “An Open Letter to the Mayor: Ex-Official Tells LA Police Stymie.” Los Angeles Mirror, July 13, 1953.

_______ “Police Dept. ‘Split’ Bared.” Los Angeles Mirror, July 14, 1953.

Jacoby, Norman. “Highlights in the Life of the Chief of Police.” Eight Ball, March 1966. William H. Parker Police Foundation archives.

Jennings, Dean. We Only Kill Each Other: The Life and Bad Times of Bugsy Siegel. New York: Penguin, 1992.

_______ “MICKEY COHEN: The Private Life of a Hood.” Saturday Evening Post, parts 1-4, September 20, 1958; September 27, 1958; October 4, 1958; and October, 1958.

________. “Portrait of a Police Chief.” Saturday Evening Post, May 7, 1960.

Johnson, David R. “Siegel, Bugsy.” http://anb.org/articles/20/20-01749.html; American National Biography Online Feb. 2000, access date: July 17, 2006.

Johnston, Alva. “The Cauliflower King-I.” The New Yorker, April 8, 1933.

Kansas City Times. “Noise, Cheers, Applause, Songs—and 3 Candidates.” April 11, 1960, CRC scrapbooks.

Kefauver, Estes. Crime in America. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday & Company, 1951.

Kendall, Sydney. The Queen of the Red-Lights, pamphlet published by W J. Phillips, 1906. Special Collections, UCLA. Los Angeles, CA.

Kennedy, Robert. The Enemy Within. New York: Popular Library, 1960.

King Jr., Martin Luther. “Beyond the Los Angeles Riots.” Saturday Review, November 13, 1965, 33-35, 105.

Klein, Norman. The History of Forgetting: Los Angeles and the Erasure of Memory. New York: Verso, 1997.

Kooistra, AnnMarie. “Angels for Sale: The History of Prostitution in Los Angeles, 1880-1940.” University of Southern California Dissertation, August 2003.

Korman, Seymour. “Hoodlum Shot to Death, Victim Ripe for Killing, Police Report.” Chicago Daily Tribune, December 4, 1950.

____. “2 FILM COMICS ADD SPICE TO COHEN’S TRIAL: Jerry Lewis, Skelton on Witness Stand.” Los Angeles Times, May 25,1961.

____. “Convict Cohen a Second Time Tax Offender: Guilty of Beating U.S. Out of $400,000,” Chicago Tribune, July 1, 1961.

Kyle, Palmer. “Porter or Bonelli for City’s Next Mayor.” Los Angeles Times, May 26, 1929.

Lacey, Robert. Little Man: Meyer Lansky and the Gangster Life. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1991.

Leppard, Stan. “Mr. Lucky Thrives on Borrowed Time.” Los Angeles Herald & Express, December 3, 1959.

Lieberman, Paul. “Cop Befriends a Crook” Los Angeles Times, October 29, 2008, http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-gangster29-2008oct29,0,4555503,full.story.

____. “Crusaders in the Underworld: The LAPD Takes On Organized Crime.” Los Angeles Times, October 26, 2008.

____. “Noir Justice Catches Up with Mickey Cohen,” November 1, 2008. “Up with Mickey Cohen.” Los Angeles Times, November 1, 2008.

____. “‘Dragnet’ Tales Drawn from LAPD Files Burnished the Department’s Image.” Los Angeles Times, October 30, 2008, http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-gangsterwebb30-2008oct30,0,6588206.story.

Lewis, Brad. Hollywood’s Celebrity Gangster: The Incredible Life and Times of Mickey Cohen. New York: Enigma Books, 2007.

Life magazine. “Trouble in Los Angeles,” January 16, 1950.

Liptak, Adam. “U.S. Is Alone in Rejecting All Evidence If Police Err.” New York Times, July 19, 2008.

Lomax, Almena. “Bradley Makes ‘Loot,’ Just in Time for the Vote on the Police Pay Raise.” Los Angeles Tribune, October 31, 1958.

Los Angeles Daily News. “CONVICT DESCRIBES KILLING BY L.A. COP: Slaying of ‘Peewee’ Lewis Described at San Quentin.” June 7, 1949.

____. “Police Network in 20 Cities to Keep Constant Tab on Mobs.” November 11, 1947.

Los Angeles Examiner. “W H. Parker Heads Fire Police League.” January 7, 1949.

__________. “Grand Jury to Attack Police Trials System.” September 7, 1949.

____. “Law for Policemen Took,” editorial, November 14, 1949.

____. “Wild Party by 100 Police Described, Youth Tells of Beatings at Police Yule Party,” March 19, 1952.

____. “An Inadequate Answer,” editorial, May 2, 1952.

____. “Chief Parker Expected to Quit in Bowron Row,” May 27, 1952.

________. “Admits Slaying Bookie, Claims It Was ‘Self Defense,’” December 9, 1959.

____. “Yorty, Parker Clash: Chief Denies Charge of Ballot ‘Gestapo,’” June 9, 1961.

Los Angeles Herald. “Committee of Safety Makes Its Report,” November 8, 1900.

Los Angeles Herald-Examiner. “Bowron Denies Parker Ouster,” May 27, 1952.

____. “All Election Promises Kept, Yorty Asserts. But Black Leaders Flat Contradict His Claim That He Never Promised to Fire Chief Parker,” July 9, 1962.

____. “‘Pseudoleaders Who Can’t Lead,’ Blamed by Parker,” August 15, 1965.

____. “Riot Hearings Boil, Parker, Bradley in Row Over ‘Mystery Man,’” September 14, 1965.

____. “The Case of Earl Kynette,” July 8, 1966.

____. “Friends, Critics Praise Parker,” July 18, 1966.

____. “6000 Pay Last Tribute to Parker, Chief Eulogized in Congress,” July 21, 1966.

Los Angeles Herald-Express. “Cohen ‘Safe’ in U.S. Cell, Moved to Federal Pen, Brutality by Police Told,” February 14, 1952.

____. “‘Cops So Drunk They Fought Each Other to Beat Us,’” March 19, 1952.

______ “Charge 750 Police in Office Jobs, Quiz Chief,” May 5, 1954.

_______ “Parker Hits Influx of Parolees to L.A.: Tells City Council of Huge Rise in Crime,” March 13, 1959.

____. “Parker Rejects Mr. K. Gripe, Russ Police OKd Ban on Disneyland Tour,” September 21, 1959.

____. “Chief Parker May Head US Crime Probers,” December 22, 1960.

Los Angeles Mirror. “Mayor Investigates Honorary L.A.P.D. Badges,” October 28, 1938, via Larry Harnisch’s Daily Mirror blog (http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/thedailymirror/2008/10/mayor-investiga.html).

____. “‘Innocent’ in Cussing, Says Mickey Cohen,” August 31, 1949.

____. “Worton ‘Man of the Year’ in Mirror Mailbag Vote,” December 30, 1949.

____. “Full Story of Mob Shooting of Cohen.” July 20, 1949.

________. “Move for Action on L.A. Police Brutality Charges.” February 26, 1952.

____. “6 on Trial Tell More Police Brutalities.” March 6, 1952.

____. “Parker Clams Up on Jury Quiz.” March 27, 1952.

____. “Grand Jury Turns Heat on Parker, Report Hits Police Dept. Conditions.” April 29, 1952.

____. “Bare Yule Police Brutality Transcript.” May 13, 1952.

____. “Speaking of Snoopers.” January 19, 1953.

____. “Chief Shrugs at Claim of Cop Brutality, Police Brutality Gets Brush-off by Chief Parker,” February 27, 1952.

____. “PARKER FORCED TO ACT ON BRUTALITY: Cop Brutality Quiz Demanded by L.A. Judge.” March 13, 1952.

____. “Florabel Muir Reporting,” March 20, 1952.

____. “Bloody Christmas—One Year Later,” editorial, December 6, 1952.

____. “Chicago Hoodlum Chased by Cops, Goes to ‘Vegas,’” January 16, 1953.

____. “Give Police Board, Not the Chief, More Power.” July 2, 1953.

____. “Cal. Employe [sic] Accused as Bunco Go-Between.” September 2, 1953.

____. “Cohen Jailed for Failure to Register,” September 26, 1957, accessed via the Los Angeles Times’s invaluable Daily Mirror blog (http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/thedailymirror/mickey_cohen/index.html), October 12, 2008.

____. “Brutal Tactics Told at Hearing,” January 26, 1960.

____. “Big Squeeze Boosts Police for Kennedy,” July 11, 1960.

____. “Criminals Laugh at LA Police, Says Chief. Underworld Rejoices in Ruling,” May 31, 1955.

Los Angeles Mirror-Daily News. “Telephone Tap Defended by Chief Parker,” March 7, 1955.

____. “Police Instincts of Bill Parker Flourished Early,” June 18, 1957.

Los Angeles Mirror-News. “PARKER FORCED TO ACT ON BRUTALITY, Cop Brutality Quiz Demanded by L.A. Judge,” March 13, 1952.

____. “Police Brutality Probe Is Overdue,” March 14, 1952.

____. “Lawmen Blast High Court Order to Identify Informants in Arrests: Ruling Termed Crippling in Drive on Dope,” October 2, 1958.

____. “Shooting Takes Place Six Feet From Mickey,” December 3, 1958.

____. “Keep Cool with Mr. K, Chief Parker tells L.A.,” September 7, 1959.

____. “Cohen Suspect in Slaying, Restaurant’s Guests Flee After Shooting,” December 3, 1959.

____. “Racial Bias Accusations False, Says Chief Parker. Explains Police Problem,” January 27, 1960.

Los Angeles Police Departments records, City Records Center (CRC), Los Angeles.

Los Angeles Sentinel, May 17, 1962.

Los Angeles Times. “Detective McAfee is Exonerated,” September 23, 1916.

____. “Plans Submitted for Fine Theater: Picture Palace to Follow Elaborate Spanish Architecture,” July 11, 1920.

____. “The White Spot Glistens Brightly,” July 17, 1921.

____. “The Soul of the City,” June 24, 1923.

____. “Oaks Names Kent Parrot, Charges Lawyer Interfered in Police Department, ‘Dictatorial and Threatening,’” July 29, 1923.

____. “Kent Parrot Accused by Richards as ‘Sinister,’ Retiring Harbor Commissioner Names Him as Would-Be Boss,” August 1, 1923.

____. “Dark Trails to City Hall are Uncovered: Now Negro Politicians Make and Unmake Police Vice Squad Told in Heath Case,” August 17, 1923.

____. “Shall We Re-Elect Kent Parrot?” April 23, 1925.

____. “Bledsoe Hurls Defy at Cryer, Challenges Parrot’s Status as De-Facto Mayor,” April 23, 1925.

____. “Champion ‘Ag-inner’ of Universe Is Shuler, Belligerent Local Pastor Holds All Records for Attacks Upon Everybody, Everything,” June 1, 1930.

____. “Crawford Career Hectic, Politician Gained Wide Notoriety as ‘Pay-Off Man’ in Morris Lavine Extortion Case,” May 21, 1931.

____. “ARE GANGSTERS BUILDING ANOTHER CHICAGO HERE?: Police Officially Deny It; Admit Privately Facts,” March 29, 1931.

____. “Penny Money At Cafe: Clinton ‘Caveteria’ Caters to Customers of Lean Purse,” October 14, 1932.

____. “Complete Vote Received for Thursday’s Election,” September 30, 1934.

____. “Chief Shifts 28 Officers in New Shake-Up of Police,” March 9, 1939.

____. “Davis Defends Police Spying at Bombing Trial, Bitter Clashes Mark Chief’s Day on Stand,” April 27, 1939.

____. “Police Due for Shake-up Tomorrow, Chief Announces: New Divisions Will Be Organized and Shifts Made of Many Uniformed Officers in Sweeping Program,” November 30, 1939.

____. “Policewoman Implicates Sgt. Stoker in Burglary, Love for Vice Squad Man Admitted by Audrey [sic] Davis,” July 3, 1949.

____. “Murder Plot Story Filed: Testimony Transcript in Siegel Case Gives Gang,” August 31, 1940.

____. “Siegel Denies Buchalter Aid: Film Colony Figure Testifies on Removal Fight,” May 27, 1941.

____. “Plunge Fatal to Gangster, State Witness Against Buchalter and Others Attempts to Escape,” November 13, 1941.

____. “Japanese Aliens’ Roundup Starts: F.B.I. Hunting Down 300 Subversives and Plans to Hold 3000 Today,” December 8, 1941.

____. “Little Tokyo Banks and Concerns Shut, Even Saloons Padlocked; Extra Police on Duty to Prevent Riots,” December 9, 1941.

____. “Round Up of Japanese Aliens in Southland Now Totals 500: Officers, Working with F.B.I., Continue Hunt; Asiatic, Who Had Pledged Loyalty, Found with Guns,” December 9, 1941.

____. “Widow of Victim Heard at Murder Trial of Siegel: Heard Shots Killing Mate,” January 27, 1942.

____. “Siegel and Carbo Identified as Murder Aides, Tannenbaum Tells Killing,” January 28, 1942.

____. “Siegel’s Attic Capture Told, Witnesses at Death Trial Describe Hunt in Suspect’s Mansion,” January 31, 1942.

____. “Police Officer Keyes Resigns Under Attack,” July 26, 1942.

____. “Warren Picks First of Crime Commissions: Jeffers and Mudd Among Those Named Under New State Law,” October 22, 1947.

____. “Year Passes but Murder Not Solved: Search for Woman’s Slayer Recalls Other Mysteries,” February 14, 1949.

____. “Bowron Asks Grand Jury Action in Police Scandal, Two Officers Suspended; Cohen Posts $100,000 Bail,” March 23, 1949.

____. “Cohen Introduces Sound Recorder,” May 6, 1949.

____. “Cohen to Testify in Partner’s Case: Deputy Sheriff Denies Policeman’s Story That Meltzer Displayed Gun at Arrest,” May 10, 1949.

____. “New Police Chief on Job, to Tell Program in Week,” July 1, 1949.

____. “Chief Names Staff Inspector in Top Level Police Changes: Parker Given Number Two Post,” July 15, 1949.

____. “Worton Shifts 33 in Police Shake-Up: Top Flight Officer Named Intelligence Aide to Chief in Reorganization Move,” August 4, 1949.

____. “Hidden Microphones Hear Cohen Secrets, Police Device Records Intimate Talks in Home,” August 16, 1949.

____. “Police Shift Offices Due to City Hall Jam,” August 19, 1949.

____. “Parker Appointed New Police Chief Head, Patrol Division Head Promoted in Climax to Hot Battle Over Worton’s Successor,” August 3, 1950.

____. “Parker Declares City Is White Spot of Nation,” August 9, 1950.

____. “Mad Gunman Captured, Mickey Cohen Tells Inside Story of L.A.,” November 18, 1950.

____. “Cohen Deals Going Before Jury Today, Federal Inquirers Expected to Hear of Borrowings,” February 9, 1951.

____. “Truman Speeds War on Crime; Mickey Cohen Pay-off Charged, Racketeers’ Tax Returns to Be Eyed,” June 2, 1951.

____. “Cohen Profits Told as Tax Case Opens, Federal Prosecutor Attacks Gangster’s Story of Loans,” June 5, 1951.

____. “Mickey Cohen Gets 5 Years, $10,000 Fine,” July 10, 1951.

____. “Newman and Worton Quit Police Board,” July 18, 1951.

____. “Chief Parker Hits Brutality Stories,” February 28, 1952.

____. “F.B.I. Probing L.A. Police Brutality,” March 14, 1952.

____. “Under Table, Didn’t See Slayer, Cohen Says,” March 29, 1952, 30.

____. “Grand Jury Indicts Eight Officers in Beating Case,” April 23, 1952.

____. “36 L.A. Policemen Face Discipline for Brutality,” June 17, 1952.

____. “Verbal Battles by Lawyers Rock Public Housing Quiz,” May 21, 1953.

____. “Poulson Pledges War on Gangsters: Mayor-Elect Maps Plans with Parker; Shake-Up of Police Commission Indicated,” June 17, 1953.

____. “Police Warned on Secret Wire Taps, Officers Subject to Liability for Illegal Entry, Brown Says,” September 4, 1954.

____. “‘Planted’ Fur Story Acquits Malouf in Theft,” April 7, 1955.

____. “Judge Rules He Cannot Stop Police Microphones, Lacks Jurisdiction on Use of Public Funds for Installation, McCoy Says,” July 1, 1955.

____. “Mickey Cohen Sees Billy Graham, Talks on Religion, Former Mobster Goes to N.Y. for Conference,” March 2, 1957.

____. “Parker Seeks Grand Jury Action Over Cohen Blast,” May 21, 1957.

____. “Cohen Attends Graham Rally in New York,” May 22, 1957.

____. “Cohen Booked for Not Signing Traffic Ticket,” May 26, 1957.

____. “Mickey Cohen’s Traffic Trial Off to Salty Start, Policemen Who Made Arrest Testify that Defendant Delayed Autos at Intersection,” July 11, 1957.

____. “Mickey Cohen Takes Manuscript to Author,” August 4, 1957.

____. “Cohen Found Guilty, Gets $11 Traffic Fine,” November 12, 1957.

____. “Jury Acquits Mickey Cohen on Disturbing Peace Charge, Ex-Convict Ruling May Affect Case,” December 17, 1957.

____. “Mickey Cohen Proud of Actress in Murder Quiz, Admits Liz Renay, Questioned in Anastasia Case, Loaned Him $10,000 He’s Repaying,” February 27, 1958.

____. “Chicago Attorney Glad to Stake Mickey Cohen, Admits $22,500 Loan; Says Ex-Gambler Stands to Make Fortune on Life Story,” June 9, 1958.

____. “Girl Friend of Mickey Cohen Quizzed Again, Won’t Tell Treasury Agent About Gifts from Bodyguard of Slain Anastasia,” September 10, 1958.

____. “Liz Renay Indicted on Perjury Charges: Mickey Cohen’s Actress Friend Accused of Lying About Raising $5,500 in Loans,” March 13, 1959.

____. “Under Table, Didn’t See Slayer, Cohen Says,” March 29, 1959.

____. “Poulson Cuts Police Budget by $6 Million, Commissioner Promptly Warns Mayor That City Faces Criminal Invasion,” May 1, 1959.

____. “Report Hints Cohen Had Part in Slayings,” June 16, 1959.

____. “Police Board Member Flays Parker, Quits,” June 19, 1959.

____. “Parker Plans Security for Khrushchev Visit,” September 7, 1959.

____. “Mickey Cohen Jailed in Murder of Bookie,” December 4, 1959.

____. “Slayer of Bookmaker Surrenders to Police,” December 9, 1959.

____. “Parker Angrily Denies Racial Discrimination: Presents Charts of City Districts, Tells of Undesirables Shipped into Los Angeles,” January 27, 1960.

____. “Council Hears Parker’s Recording on ‘Wild Tribes,’ Chief Denies Slur, Refuses to Apologize,” February 3, 1960.

____. “Demagoguery Loses a Round,” February 5, 1960.

____. “Witnesses Deny They Saw Whalen Shooting,” March 11, 1960.

____. “This Is Not Alabama,” editorial, June 1, 1960.

____. “The Bright Badge of the L.A.P.D,” editorial, August 9, 1960.

____. “MAD GUNMAN CAPTURED, Mickey Cohen Tells Inside Story of L.A., Bland Gangster Spars with Counsel in Quiz; Sheriff Also Testifies,” November 18, 1960.

____. “Parker Hails Kennedy as Crime Foe,” December 17, 1960.

____. “Ben Hecht Sees Cohen as Top Book Material,” May 18, 1961.

____. “Cohen’s Story Contract Presented at His Trial,” May 19, 1961.

____. “$9,000 Advance for Cohen, Screenplay Told,” May 20, 1961.

____. “Picked for Cohen Role in Film, Skelton says,” May 25, 1961.

____. “Two Cited Under Lynch Law After Park Riot,” June 2, 1961.

____. “Candy Barr Tells About Being Cohen’s ‘Sweetie’: Jailed Stripper Testifies How Ex-Hoodlum Helped Her Flee US. to Mexico Hideaway,” June 3, 1961.

____. “$200,000 Tax Writeoff Offer to Cohen Told,” June 8, 1961.

____. “US. Rests Cohen Income Tax Case,” June 17, 1961.

____. “Cohen Defense Claims He Was Losing Money,” June 24, 1961.

____. “Six Muslim Suspects Held in Row at Market,” September 3, 1961.

____. “Mickey Cohen Jaunty Again—in Volkswagen,” October 20, 1961.

____. “Mickey Cohen, 4 Others Indicted in Murder Plot, All Accused in Dec. 2, 1959 Slaying of Jack Whalen in Sherman Oaks Cafe,” November 1, 1961.

____. “Mickey Cohen Murder Charges Dismissed,” March 19, 1962.

____. “Officers Out to Get Cohen, LoCigno Says,” March 22, 1962.

____. “Under Table, Didn’t See Slayer, Cohen Says,” March 29, 1962.

____. “Cohen’s Defense Closes Murder Trial Argument,” April 5, 1962.

____. “Lo Cigno Rules Guilty of Manslaughter,” November 15, 1962.

____. “Parker Assails Bishop’s View of Negro Policy,” January 18, 1963.

____. “Special Police Groups Press Fight on Crime, Cities Combat Increased Felonies with Crack Units; in Los Angeles It’s ‘Metro,’” February 23, 1964.

____. Sentences Reimposed on 11 Black Muslims,” March 3, 1965.

____. “Ex-Sergeant Strange Praises Chief Parker, Remembers Sincerity,” July 20, 1966.

____. “Politics and the LAPD,” April 11, 1969.

Los Angeles Tribune. “Truman Speeds War on Crime; Mickey Cohen Pay-off Charged, Racketeers’ Tax Returns to Be Eyed.” June 2, 1950.

Manion, Dean. “Anarchy Imminent: Local Police Hobbled in Efforts to Stem Crime.” May 30, 1965, Manion forum, South Bend, Indiana. William H. Parker Police Foundation, Los Angeles, CA.

Mann, William. Behind the Screen: How Gays and Lesbians Shaped Hollywood, 19101969. New York: Viking, 2001.

May, Allan. “The History of the Race Wire Service,” http://crimemagazine.com/racewire3.htm, Crime: An Encyclopedia of Crime, 08-06-2000, access date: January 28, 2008.

McDougal, Dennis. Privileged Son, Otis Chandler and the Rise and Fall of the L.A. Times Dynasty. Cambridge, Mass.: Perseus, 2001.

McWilliams, Carey. Southern California: An Island on the Land. Salt Lake City: Gibbs Smith, 1999.

Moore, William Howard. The Kefauver Committee and the Politics of Crime, 19501952. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press, 1974.

Mooring, William. “Chief Gives Opinion of ‘Bad Cop’ Films.” The Tidings, October 22, 1954.

Muir, Florabel. Headline Happy. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1950.

Mydans, Seth. “‘It Could Happen Again,’ Report on Los Angeles Riots Blames Police and City.” New York Times, October 25, 1992.

Nash, Robert Jay. World Encyclopedia of Organized Crime. New York: Da Capo Press, 1993.

Nathan, Albert. “How Whiskey Smugglers Buy and Land Cargoes, Well-Organized Groups Engaged in Desperate Game of Rum-Running,” Los Angeles Times, August 8, 1926.

____. “‘Rousting’ System Earns Curses of the Rum-Runners, Chief Davis’s Raids Keep Whiskey Ring in Harried State,” Los Angeles Times, August 22, 1926.

Newsom, Jim. “Men Efficient, Vigilant, Brave, Chief Relates.” Hollywood Citizen News, June 20, 1965.

Newton, Jim. Justice for All: Earl Warren and the Nation He Made. New York: River-head Books, 2006.

New York Times. “Abe Reles Killed Trying to Escape, Sheet Rope Fails After He Lowers Himself from 6th to 5th Floor, Motive Puzzles Police,” November 3, 1941.

____. “Mickey Cohen Cashes In on His Glaring Notoriety,” April 3, 1951.

____. “A.B.C.-TV Retracts Remarks by Cohen,” May 27, 1957.

____. “Mickey Cohen Sues U.S.,” February 18, 1964.

____. “Los Angeles Police Chief: William Henry Parker 3d,” August 14, 1965.

____. “Lou Stillman, Legendary Boxing Figure, Is Dead,” obituary, August 20, 1969.

Olney, Warren. “Law Enforcement and Judicial Administration in the Earl Warren Era.” Earl Warren Oral History Project, University of California, 1981.

Otash, Fred. Investigation Hollywood! Chicago: Regnery, 1976.

Parker, William H. “Police Chief William H. Parker Speakers,” a compilation of Parker statements prepared by the Community Relations Conference of Southern California, 2400 South Western Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, Parker FBI file, 62-96042-109.

____. January 7, 1953, memo to the Board of Police Commissioners, Subject: Progress Report, August 9, 1950 to January 1, 1953. LAPD records. Originally CRC Box 35314, now Escobar collection, Tucson, AZ.

____. “Responses to Questions of the Los Angeles City Council Concerning a Juvenile Gang Attack on a Citizen in Downtown Los Angeles,” December 8, 1953. Originally CRC Box 35324, now Escobar collection, Tucson, AZ.

____. Parker letter, January 29, 1954, to Don Thompson: 1953 county grand jury foreman, in response to a letter from him asking about rat packs. Originally CRC box 35300, now Escobar collection, Tucson, AZ.

____. “Laws on Wiretapping,” letter to the Los Angeles Times, January 23, 1955.

____. Parker on Police. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher, 1957. William H. Parker Police Foundation archives, Los Angeles, CA. “Col W. H. Parker Called by Death: South Dakota Congressman Passed Away Yesterday—Speaker Cannon Expresses Deep Regret,” clipping from Deadwood newspaper.

____. Letter from the Board of Civil Service Commissioners, September 28, 1926.

____. “Memorandum for the Adjutant General, Subject: Relief from Active Duty,” undated.

____. Letter from Arthur Hohmman to HQ Los Angeles Officer Procurement District, February 19, 1943.

____. Letter from Captain Robert L. Dennis to HQ, Los Angeles Officer Procurement District, February 23, 1943.

____. Col. Jesse Miller, Director, Military Government Division, to First Lt. William Parker, May 11, 1943.

____. Letter from C. B. Horrall to Capt. W. H. Parker, June 26, 1945.

____. “Police Post Gets Membership Drive Trophy.” L.A. Fire and Police Protective League News, 1947.

____. “Parker’s the One in ’51, Los Angeles Police Post 381, American Legion, unanimously presents William H. ‘Bill’ Parker for the office of COMMANDER OF THE AMERICAN LEGION, DEPARTMENT OF CALIFORNIA, for the year 1951-52,” August 1950, Number Three.

____. “Facts on Chief Parker’s Exam Records,” Assistant General Manager Civil Service, June 1, 1966.

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Readers Digest. “Why Hoodlums Hate Bill Parker,” March 1960, 239, condensed from National Civic Review (September 1959).

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____. “Kennedy’s ‘Pad’ in L.A.—Dirty Shirts and Disorder,” July 15, 1960.

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____. “L.A. Negroes Only Part of Over-All Minority Problem: Concentration of Race Here Is Fifth Largest in United States.” Los Angeles Times, January 24, 1961.

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____. “Americana,” January 31, 1949.

____. “Brenda’s Revenge,” July 11, 1949.

____. “Heaven, Hell & Judgment Day,” March 20, 1950.

____. “Real Thriller,” May 15, 1950.

____. “Jigs and Judgments,” July 23, 1951.

____. “With a Soft G,” September 22, 1952.

____. “The New Evangelist,” October 25, 1954, cover story.

____. “Important Story,” June 3, 1957.

____. “A Star is Made,” July 29, 1957.

____. “The Elemental Force,” September 28, 1959.

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