Pomegranate

15 Found in the Byzantine book of court protocol the De Ceremoniis. Cited in Kathryn M. Ringrose, ‘Women and Power at the Byzantine Court’, in Servants of the Dynasty: Palace Women in World History, ed. Anne Walthall (Berkeley, CA, 2008), p. 77.

16 Efthymios G. Lazongas, ‘Personification in Myth and Cult: Side, the Personification of the Pomegranate’, in Personification in the Greek World, ed. Emma J. Stafford and Judith Herrin (Farnham, 2005), p. 102.

1 Asaph Goor, ‘The History of the Pomegranate in the Holy Land’, Economic Botany, XXI/3 (1967), pp. 221–2.

2 Ibid., p. 223.

3 As exemplified in Joel 1:10, 12.

4 Hebrew for ‘pomegranate’.

5 Goor, ‘The History of the Pomegranate in the Holy Land’, p. 222.

6 Ibid., p. 223.

7 Mary Abram, ‘The Pomegranate: Sacred, Secular, and Sensuous Symbol of Ancient Israel’, Studia Antiqua, VII/1 (Spring 2009), p. 27.

8 Kiddushin 81b.

9 Abu Nu’aim, As-Suyuti’s Medicine of the Prophet (Bloomington, IN, 1994), p. 63.

1 Melitta Weiss Adamson, Food in Medieval Times (Westport, CT, 2004), pp. 113–14.

2 Pliny, Natural History, 23.58.

3 Christopher Daniell, Death and Burial in Medieval England, 1066–1550 (London, 1997), p. 76.

4 Henry Layard, A Popular Account of Discoveries at Nineveh (New York, 1854), p. 302.

5 A local tradition of Andalusia.

6 Bury Palliser, Historic Devices, Badges, and War-cries (London, 1870), p. 380.

7 Hildegard Schneider, ‘On the Pomegranate’, Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, IV/4 (1945), p. 118.

8 Monica H. Green, The Trotula: A Medieval Compendium of Women’s Medicine (Philadelphia, PA, 2001), pp. 87, 97 and 171.

1 Peter Collinson and William Darlington, Memorials of John Bartram and Humphry Marshall (Philadelphia, PA, 1849), p. 244.

2 Note that many modern takes on grenadine substitute the pomegranate juice for artificial flavouring.

3 Richard Ashton, with Barbara Baer and David Silverstein, eds, The Incredible Pomegranate (Tempe, AZ, 2006), p. 76.

4 Ben Farmer, ‘Afghanistan Promotes Pomegranates over Opium Poppies in Farming Overhaul’, The Telegraph (20 November 2008).

5 Julia Morton, Fruit of Warm Climates (Miami, FL, 1987), pp. 352–5.

6 Ashton, Baer and Silverstein, eds, The Incredible Pomegranate, p. 21.

7 Gregory Levin, Pomegranate Roads: A Soviet Botanist’s Exile from Eden (Forestville, CA, 2006), p. 25.

8 Ibid., pp. 147–8.

9 Ibid., p. 180.

10 Ibid., p. 101.

11 John M. Riddle, Goddesses, Elixirs, and Witches: Plants and Sexuality throughout Human History (New York, 2010), p. 18.

12 Ibid.

13 Ibid.

14 Ibid., p. 50.

15 Donald Harper, ‘Flowers in T’ang Poetry: Pomegranate, Sea Pomegranate, and Mountain Pomegranate’, Journal of American Oriental Studies, CVI/1 (1986), p. 152.

16 Sri Sathya Sai Baba, ‘True Sacrifice’, at http://sssbpt.org/index.html, July 1988.

17 Kabir Edmund Helminski, Love’s Ripening: Rumi on the Heart’s Journey (Boston, MA, 2008), pp. 56–7.

18 Macquarie Dictionary (revised 3rd edn), p. 1478.