Stalin and His Hangmen

2005 Random House Trade Paperback Edition

Copyright © 2004 by Donald Rayfield

All rights reserved.

Published in the United States by Random House Trade Paperbacks, an imprint of The Random House Publishing Group, a division of Random House, Inc., New York.

RANDOM HOUSE TRADE PAPERBACKS and colophon are registered trademarks of Random House, Inc.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA

Rayfield, Donald.

Stalin and his hangmen: the tyrant and those who killed for him/Donald Rayfield.

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references.

1. Soviet Union—Politics and government—1917–1936. 2. Soviet Union—Politics and

government—1936–1953. 3. Stalin, Joseph, 1879–1953. 4. Kommunisticheskaëì partiëì

Sovetskogo Soiuza—Purges—History. 5. Soviet Union. Narodnyæ komissariat vnutrennikh

del—History. 6. Political atrocities—Soviet Union. I. Title.

DK268.4.R39 2004

947.084’092’2—dc22 2004042833

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eISBN: 978-0-307-43183-7

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