The Invention of Russia: The Journey from Gorbachev's Freedom to Putin's War

Index

A Day in the Life of the President (TV programme) ref1

Abramovich, Roman ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

Abuladze, Tengiz ref1

Achalov, Vladislav ref1

Adamovich, Adam, ref1

Afghanistan, Soviet invasion of ref1, ref2

Afisha (Playbill) (magazine) ref1, ref2, ref3

agriculture, Soviet investment ref1

Akhedzhakova, Liya ref1

Akhmatova, Anna ref1, ref2

Aksenenko, Nikolai ref1

Albats, Yevgenia ref1

Alexei II, patriarch ref1

Alksnis, Viktor ref1

All Russia Party ref1

Amalrik, Andrei, Will the Soviet Union Survive Until 1984? ref1

Andreeva, Nina ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

Andropov, Yuri ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

Anpilov, Viktor ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

anti-Americanism ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

anti-Semitism ref1, ref2, ref3

anti-Utopian novels ref1

anti-Yeltsin rebellion, 1993 ref1

Arafat, Yasser ref1

Archangel ref1

archival revolution, 1980s ref1

assassination ref1

authoritarianism ref1

Aven, Peter ref1, ref2

Averintsev, Sergei ref1, ref2

Babel, Isaak ref1

Bagrov, Danila ref1

Bakatin, Vadim ref1

Balabanov, Alexei ref1

Balkan crisis, 1998 ref1

Baltic states, declare sovereignty ref1, ref2

‘bankers’ war, the ref1

Banditskii Peterburg (Gangsters’ Petersburg) (TV programme) ref1

Barayev, Movsar ref1

Barkashov, Alexander ref1, ref2

Barsukov, Mikhail ref1, ref2

Basayev, Shamil ref1, ref2, ref3

Batkin, Leonid ref1

Bazhov, Pavel ref1

BBC ref1

Russian service ref1

Berezovsky, Boris

and Nevzorov ref1

and Yeltsin ref1, ref2

image ref1

and Gusinsky ref1

and presidential election, 1996 ref1

and oligarchs political power ref1

Svyazinvest auction ref1, ref2

and the bankers’ war ref1

Yeltsin fires ref1

and Chechnya ref1

and Yeltsin’s successor ref1, ref2

flees Russia ref1

banishment ref1

relationship with Putin ref1, ref2

and Dorenko ref1

return to Russia ref1

breakdown of relationship with Putin ref1

and Ernst ref1

Beria, Lavrentiy ref1, ref2, ref3

Berlusconi, Silvio ref1

Besedovsky, Grigory ref1

Beslan school hostage crisis ref1

billionaires ref1

black market ref1

Black Sea Fleet ref1, ref2

Bobkov, Filipp ref1, ref2, ref3

Bolshevik Revolution, the ref1, ref2

books

banned ref1

archival revolution, 1980s ref1

Borodai, Alexander ref1

Bovin, Alexander ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

Bragin, Vyacheslav ref1, ref2, ref3

Braithwaite, Sir Rodric ref1, ref2

Brat (Brother) (film) ref1

Brat 2 (film) ref1

Brezhnev, Leonid ref1, ref2

background ref1

and the Prague Spring, 1967–8 ref1

reaction to ‘Against Anti-Historicism’ ref1

death of ref1, ref2

New Year’s Eve speech, 1970 ref1

stagnation under ref1

Brodsky, Joseph ref1, ref2

Buddenovsk crisis ref1, ref2

budget deficit ref1

Bukharin, Nikolai ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

Bukovsky, Vladimir ref1

Bulgakov, Mikhail ref1

Bunin, Ivan ref1

bureaucracy ref1

bureaucrat-entrepreneurs ref1

Burtin, Yuri ref1

Canada ref1, ref2

Capitalism, emergence of ref1

car ownership ref1

Castro, Fidel ref1

censorship ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

Central Committee ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9

Central Television ref1, ref2

Channel One ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17

Chechnya

Putin’s policy ref1

first Chechen war ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

Yeltsin visits ref1

1996 peace accord ref1

journalist kidnappings ref1

second Chechen war ref1, ref2, ref3

human rights abuses ref1

popular resentment of ref1

Chernenko, Konstantin ref1, ref2

Chernichenko, Yuri ref1

Chernobyl nuclear station disaster ref1

Chernomyrdin, Viktor ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10

Chernyaev, Anatoly ref1, ref2

China ref1

Tiananmen Square massacre ref1

Ch.K (Cheka) ref1

Chubais, Anatoly ref1

and presidential election, 1996 ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

appointed deputy prime minister ref1

political agenda ref1, ref2

and Svyazinvest auction ref1

and the bankers’ war ref1, ref2

book scandal ref1

resignation ref1

on Putin ref1

and second Chechen war ref1

Chudakova, Marietta ref1, ref2, ref3

Clark, Bruce ref1

class consciousness ref1

Clinton, Bill ref1

CNN ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

Cohen, Stephen ref1, ref2

Cold War, the ref1

collectivization ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

Columbia University ref1

Comintern ref1

Committee for Emergency (GKChP) ref1

Communist Party

elite ref1

Alexander Yakovlev’s attack on ref1

loss of control ref1

compromise ref1

conformism ref1

Congress of People’s Deputies ref1, ref2

consumerism ref1, ref2

co-operatives ref1, ref2

Copetas, A. Craig ref1

corruption ref1, ref2

counter-propaganda ref1

counter-revolution ref1

coup attempt, 1991 ref1

aftermath ref1

Crimea

annexation of ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

polite green men ref1, ref2

transfer to Ukrainian Soviet Republic ref1

Russian claim to ref1, ref2n

criminality ref1, ref2

crony capitalism ref1

Cuba ref1

Czech Republic ref1

Czechoslovakia ref1

the Prague Spring, 1967–8 ref1, ref2

Soviet invasion of ref1, ref2, ref3

State Security Service (STB) ref1

debt default, 1998 ref1

debt pyramid ref1

defiance, early 1990s ref1

Den’ (Day) (newspaper) ref1, ref2

Deng Xiaoping ref1

de-Stalinization ref1

Deti XX s’ezda’ (Children of the 20th Congress, The) (TV documentary) ref1

developed socialism ref1

dissidents ref1, ref2, ref3

Dittmer, Thomas ref1

Dni (Days) (TV programme) ref1

Dobrodeev, Oleg ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12

Doctors’ Plot, the ref1

Dolgoruky, Yuri ref1

Dorenko, Sergei ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10

Dostoevsky, F. ref1, ref2

Dresden ref1

Dubcěk, Alexander ref1, ref2, ref3

Dubin, Boris ref1, ref2

Dukhobors ref1

Dyachenko, Tatyana ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

Dzerzhinsky, Felix ref1

Eastern Europe, withdrawal of Soviet troops from ref1

Echo Moskvy (radio station) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

economic crisis, 1998 ref1

economic recovery, 1999 ref1

education ref1

elections, parliamentary

1993 ref1

1999 ref1, ref2

2000 ref1

2003 ref1

2011 ref1

elections, presidential

1996 ref1

2000 ref1

émigrés ref1

Erenburg, Ilya ref1

Ernst, Konstantin ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

Estonia ref1, ref2

ethnic cleansing ref1

European Court of Human Rights ref1

European football championship, 2008 ref1

Eurovision Song Contest ref1

Exhibition of People’s Achievements (VDNKh) ref1

Fakt (co-operative) ref1, ref2

fascism ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

Fatherland Party ref1

Filatov, Sergei ref1

film industry ref1, ref2

financial crisis, 2009 ref1

Financial Times ref1

flight MH 17 ref1

food shortages ref1, ref2, ref3

Forbes Magazine ref1

Foros ref1

freedom of speech ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

Fridman, Mikhail ref1

Friedman, Milton ref1

Fulbright scholars ref1

Gaidar, Arkady ref1

Gaidar, Yegor

background ref1, ref2

‘The Foundation Pit’ ref1

and the storming of the White House ref1

on collapse of Soviet Union ref1, ref2

reforms ref1

Rutskoi attacks ref1

replaced as prime minister ref1

return to the government ref1

defence of Ostankino ref1, ref2, ref3

and populism ref1

loss of influence ref1

and Buddenovsk crisis ref1

elections, 1996 ref1, ref2, ref3

on Kiriyenko ref1

on bureaucrats ref1

on change ref1

Gazprom ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

generational shift ref1

Georgia ref1

Tbilisi massacre, 1989 ref1

Georgian war, 2008 ref1

Germany ref1

Gevorkyan, Natalia ref1

Girkin, Igor ref1

Glasnost ref1

opening-up of the media ref1, ref2, ref3

and Chernobyl catastrophe cover-up ref1

role ref1

Stalinist attack ref1

Glavlit ref1

Golubkov, Lenya ref1, ref2, ref3

Gorbachev, Mikhail ref1

dissolution of Soviet Union ref1

relationship with Alexander Yakovlev ref1, ref2

recognizes need for reform ref1

and Uncle Vanya ref1

appointed general secretary of the Communist Party ref1

Leningrad speech, 1985 ref1

new thinking ref1

and the Prague Spring, 1967–8 ref1

launches Perestroika ref1

and Chernobyl catastrophe cover-up ref1

understanding of Glasnost ref1

and the Andreeva letter ref1

Yeltsin writes to ref1

October Revolution seventieth anniversary speech ref1

opposition to ref1

and Yeltsin ref1, ref2

on the market ref1

loosens political control ref1

and the Tbilisi massacre, 1989 ref1

Congress of People’s Deputies, 1989 ref1

New Year’s greeting, 1990 ref1

refusal to resort to force ref1

and Yeltsin’s secession threat ref1

and the crackdown in Vilnius ref1

considers media control ref1

Alexander Yakovlev warns of coup attempt ref1, ref2

meeting with Yeltsin, 23 July 1991 ref1

coup attempt against, 1991 ref1

suffered a victory ref1

leaving party ref1

resignation ref1

Putin and ref1

Govorukhin, Stanislav ref1

GQ (magazine) ref1

Grachev, Pavel ref1, ref2

Great Break, the ref1, ref2

Gromyko, Andrei ref1

Grossman, Vasily ref1, ref2

Grozny ref1, ref2, ref3

Gudkov, Lev ref1

GUM ref1

Gusinsky, Vladimir ref1, ref2, ref3

background ref1

rise of ref1

security services ref1

media interests ref1, ref2, ref3

television channel ref1

Malashenko on ref1

NTV shutdown threat ref1

and Berezovsky ref1

and presidential election, 1996 ref1

and Svyazinvest auction ref1, ref2, ref3

satellite channel venture ref1, ref2

and the bankers’ war ref1, ref2

prepares floatation ref1

floatation scrapped ref1

Gazprom loans ref1, ref2

and Yeltsin’s succession ref1, ref2

and second Chechen war ref1

Putin attacks ref1, ref2

arrest ref1

forced to sell NTV ref1

leaves Russia ref1

relationship with Putin ref1

refuses to sell NTV shares ref1

Hamlet (Shakespeare) ref1

Havel, Václev ref1, ref2

Hearst William Randolph ref1

Hemingway, Ernest ref1

higher education ref1

history

and Perestroika ref1

replaced by mythology ref1

Hoffman, David ref1, ref2

home-ownership ref1

Homo soveticus ref1

housing ref1, ref2, ref3

human rights ref1, ref2

Hurd, Douglas ref1

ideological constraints, removal of ref1

ideology ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

IKEA ref1

Illarionov, Andrei ref1

individual consciousness, post-Stalinist thaw ref1

individualism, early 1990s ref1

inflation ref1

information war ref1

instability, 1997 ref1

intellectual space, post-Stalinist thaw ref1

Interfax ref1

Internet, the ref1, ref2

Iron Curtain, the, permeability ref1

Itogi (magazine) ref1

Itogi (Conclusions) (TV programme) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10

Izvestia ref1

Jews ref1, ref2, ref3

Jordan, Boris ref1, ref2, ref3

Kabakov, Alexander ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

Kadyrov, Ramzan ref1, ref2

Kalugin, Oleg ref1

Kaplan, Richard ref1

Karaulov, Andrei ref1

Karyakin, Yuri ref1

Karpinsky, Len, ‘Words are Also Deeds’ ref1

Kennan, George ref1, ref2

Keynes, J. M. ref1

KGB ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

Moskovskie novosti articles ref1

demoralized ref1

and Yeltsin ref1

and coup attempt, 1991 ref1

fall of ref1

Putin joins ref1

Putin becomes head of ref1

mystique ref1

role ref1

Khasbulatov, Ruslan ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

Khodorkovsky, Mikhail ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

Khrushchev, Nikita ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

secret speech ref1

motivation ref1

coup attempt against, 1957 ref1

fall of ref1, ref2

urban projects ref1

post-Stalinist thaw ref1, ref2

and One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich ref1

Alexander Yakovlev on ref1

failure to deliver economic and political reforms ref1

transfer of Crimea to Ukraine ref1

Kiev ref1

Maidan protests ref1, ref2, ref3

Kilibaev, Bakhyt ref1

King, Larry ref1

Kiriyenko, Sergei ref1, ref2

Kiselev, Dmitry ref1

Kiselev, Evgeny ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22

Klyuchevsky, Vasily, A History of Russia ref1

Kokh, Alfred ref1, ref2, ref3

Kommersant (newspaper) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10

Kommersant (pre-revolutionary newspaper) ref1

Kommunist (magazine) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

Komsomol ref1, ref2

Kornai, János, Economics of Shortage ref1

Korotich, Vitaly ref1, ref2

Korzhakov, Alexander ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

Kosovo crisis ref1

Kravchenko, Leonid ref1, ref2

Kremlin, the, Soviet flag lowered ref1

Krupskaya, Nadezhda ref1

Kudrin, Alexei ref1

Kukly (Puppets) (TV programme) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

kulaks, exile of ref1

Kursk disaster ref1, ref2, ref3

Kutsyllo, Veronika ref1, ref2, ref3

La Tribune de l’Expansion ref1

Latsis, Otto ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9

Latvia ref1

Lebed, Alexander ref1, ref2

legitimacy ref1

Lenin, Vladimir ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

Leningrad ref1, ref2

Lesin, Mikhail ref1

Levada, Yuri ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

Liberal Democratic Party ref1

liberal thought, advances of ref1

libraries, closed sections ref1

Ligachev, Yegor ref1, ref2

Listyev, Vladislav ref1, ref2

literary journals, circulation ref1

Literaturnaya gazeta (Literary Gazette) ref1, ref2

Lithuania ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

living space ref1

loans-for-shares scheme ref1, ref2, ref3

Luzhkov, Yuri ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8

Lyubimov, Alexander ref1, ref2

Maclean, Donald ref1

Malashenko, Igor on Gorbachev ref1

on role of television ref1

and White House siege, 1993 ref1

names NTV ref1

on Dobrodeev ref1

on Gusinsky ref1

background ref1

and Yegor Yakovlev, ref1

and first Chechen war coverage ref1

and Kukly (Puppets) ref1

and NTV closure threat ref1

and freedom of speech ref1

presidential election, 1996 ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

Yeltsin asks to be chief of staff ref1

opinion of oligarchs ref1

and the bankers’ war ref1

on lack of responsibility ref1

and first Chechen war ref1

suggested as prime minister ref1

and Putin as successor to Yeltsin ref1

and second Chechen war ref1, ref2

and attack on NTV ref1

Malgin, Andrei ref1, ref2

Malkina, Tatyana ref1

market, the ref1, ref2, ref3

market reforms, support for ref1n

Marx, Karl ref1, ref2

Marxist internationalism ref1

Masyuk, Elena ref1, ref2, ref3

Matador (TV programme) ref1

Mavrina, Tatyana ref1

Mavrodi, Sergei ref1

media, the

role ref1, ref2

control of ref1

Western ref1

role in Soviet Union ref1

and the Prague Spring, 1967–8 ref1

need to open up ref1, ref2

Chernobyl catastrophe cover-up ref1

and Yeltsin’s secession threat ref1

Gorbachev considers imposing control ref1

and coup attempt, 1991 ref1

presidential election coverage, 1996 ref1

impact of bankers’ war on ref1

Yeltsin’s attitude towards ref1, ref2

Balkan crisis coverage ref1

power ref1

and Yeltsin’s succession ref1

expectations of Putin ref1

Kursk disaster coverage ref1

Media Most ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

Medvedev, Dmitry ref1, ref2

Medvedev, Sergei ref1

Memorial (human rights group) ref1

Menatep Bank ref1

middle class

unity ref1

growth ref1

aspirations ref1

military and industrial complex ref1

miners strike, Kuzbas, 1998 ref1

Mishka ‘the Jap’ ref1

Mitkova, Tatyana ref1, ref2

Mlynář, Zdenĕk ref1

MMM (pyramid scheme) ref1

Moldova ref1

Molodaya Gvardiya (Young Guards) (journal) ref1, ref2

Molotov, Vyacheslav ref1, ref2

Molotov–Ribbentrop pact ref1

Moment istiny (Moment of Truth) (TV programme) ref1, ref2

Moscow ref1

Pushkin Square ref1

White House ref1, ref2

early 1990s ref1

White House siege, 1993 ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

anti-Yeltsin rebellion, 1993 ref1

850th anniversary of foundation ref1

Cathedral of Christ the Saviour reconstruction ref1

terrorist attacks, 1999 ref1

theatre siege, 2002 ref1

anti-Putin protests, 2011 ref1

creative class ref1

Moscow Film-Makers Club ref1

Moscow Party Organization ref1

Moscow State Historical Archival Institute ref1

Moscow State University ref1

Moskovskie novosti (The Moscow News) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22, ref23, ref24

Namedni (Recently) (TV programme) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

Narochitskaya, Natalia ref1

Nash sovremennik (Our Contemporary) ref1, ref2

national anthem, restoration of ref1

national ideology, search for ref1

national poets ref1

National Unity party ref1

nationalism, Russian ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8

NATO, Yugoslavia bombing campaign ref1

Nautilus Pompilius ref1

Navalny, Alexei ref1, ref2

Ne dai Bog (God Forbid) (newspaper) ref1

Nemtsov, Boris ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

murder ref1, ref2, ref3

neo-Nazis ref1n

Nezavisimoe rassledovanie (Independent Investigation) (TV programme) ref1

Nevsky, Alexander ref1

Nevzorov, Alexander ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13

New Economic Policy ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

New Russians ref1

new thinking ref1

New York Times ref1, ref2

News Press Agency (APN) ref1, ref2

NKVD ref1, ref2

Nochnoi Dozor (Night Watch) (film) ref1

nomenclatura, the ref1, ref2, ref3

Norkin, Andrei ref1

North Korea ref1

nostalgia, for the Soviet past ref1

Novikov (district military commissar) ref1

Novocherkassk uprising, 1962 ref1, ref2

Novy Mir (New World) (journal) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

NTV

launch ref1

status ref1

first Chechen war coverage ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

Kukly (Puppets) show ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

raid, 1994 ref1

shutdown threat ref1

audience share ref1

Banditskii Peterburg (Gangsters’ Petersburg) (TV programme) ref1

Buddenovsk crisis coverage ref1

presidential election coverage, 1996 ref1, ref2

Gazprom holdings ref1

bankers’ war coverage ref1

Nemtsov coverage ref1

power ref1

impact of bankers’ war on ref1

nostalgia for Soviet past ref1, ref2

Balkan crisis coverage ref1

and Yeltsin’s succession ref1, ref2

second Chechen war coverage ref1, ref2, ref3

Putin and ref1

Gusinsky forced to sell ref1

Kursk disaster coverage ref1

Putin’s conflict with ref1

Gazprom coup ref1

defence of ref1

under Kremlin’s licence ref1

Moscow theatre siege coverage, 2002 ref1

Putin’s inauguration coverage, 2004 ref1

targets liberals ref1

nuclear physicists ref1

nuclear war, possibility of ref1

nuclear weapons ref1

Nusinova, Elena ref1

Obshchaya gazeta (Common Newspaper) ref1, ref2, ref3

Obshchestevnnoe Rossiiskoe Televidenie, ORT (Russian Public Broadcaster) ref1

October Revolution, seventieth anniversary ref1

Odessa ref1, ref2

Ogonyok (Little Flame) (magazine) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

oil industry ref1

prices ref1, ref2

Oktiabr (October) (journal) ref1

Old Russians ref1

oligarchs ref1

use of state capital ref1

security services ref1

and presidential election, 1996 ref1, ref2

and the loans-for-shares scheme ref1

and television ref1

Malashenko’s opinion of ref1

war amongst ref1

origin of term ref1

impact of bankers’ war on ref1

tax evasion ref1

Olson, Alexander ref1, ref2, ref3

openness ref1

optimism ref1, ref2

organized crime ref1

Orwell, George, Nineteen Eighty-Four ref1, ref2

Ostankino television centre attack, 1993 ref1

Ostankino television centre siege, 1992 ref1

Pamyat (Memory) (nationalist organization) ref1

Parfenov, Leonid ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10

Parkhomenko, Sergei ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

Parlamentskii chas (Parliamentary Hour) (TV programme) ref1

Pasternak, Boris ref1, ref2, ref3

Patrushev, Nikolai ref1

Pavlov, Ivan ref1

Pavlovsky, Gleb ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

Perestroika ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

slogans ref1

spiritual roots of ref1

and the Prague Spring, 1967–8 ref1

idea of history ref1

Gorbachev launches ref1

press ref1

radio under ref1

television under ref1, ref2

and history ref1

opposition to ref1

shift of economic power ref1

achievements ref1, ref2

suffered a victory ref1

perks ref1, ref2

pessimism, 1990 ref1

Petrograd ref1

Petrovskaya, Irina ref1, ref2

Philby, Kim ref1

Pinochet, Augusto ref1

Platonov, Andrei ref1

Pokaianie (Repentance) (film) ref1

Pole chudes (Field of Miracles) (TV game show) ref1

police ref1

Politburo ref1, ref2, ref3

political satire ref1

Politkovskaya, Anna ref1

popular culture

wave of noir ref1

nostalgia for Soviet past ref1

Western ref1

populism ref1

Postfaktum news agency ref1, ref2

Potanin, Vladimir ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

Pozdniak, Elena ref1

Prague ref1

Prague Spring, 1967–8 ref1, ref2, ref3

Pravda (Truth) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

price controls ref1, ref2

Primakov, Evgeny ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9

Pripyat ref1

private initiative, early 1990s ref1

private ownership ref1, ref2

private property, elimination of ref1

private space ref1

privatization ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

Svyazinvest auction ref1, ref2, ref3

Putin and ref1

privatization cheques ref1

Problemy mira i sotsializma (Problems of Peace and Socialism) (journal) ref1

Prokhanov, Alexander ref1

propaganda ref1, ref2, ref3

protests, Red Square, August, 1968 ref1

publishing, Soviet control of ref1

Pugo, Boris ref1, ref2, ref3

purges ref1, ref2, ref3

Pussy Riot ref1

Putin, Vladimir

Chechnya policy ref1, ref2

blame ref1

use of the media ref1

crony capitalism ref1

and Timchenko ref1

restoration ideology ref1

Gevorkyan interview ref1

KGB career ref1

political cover ref1

propaganda ref1

becomes head of KGB ref1

first television appearance ref1

joins KGB ref1

relationship with Yeltsin ref1

selection as Yeltsin’s successor ref1, ref2, ref3

Yeltsin appoints prime minister ref1

popularity ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

and privatization ref1

appearance ref1

and second Chechen war ref1, ref2

and the Ryazan’ incident ref1

image ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

becomes president ref1

manifesto millennium message ref1

expectations of ref1

and Stalin ref1

first years of rule ref1

stabilization policy ref1

view of Russia ref1

restoration of the Soviet national anthem ref1

and the Soviet past ref1

and Gorbachev ref1

mission ref1

and NTV ref1

obsession with television ref1

attacks Gusinsky ref1, ref2

relationship with Gusinsky ref1

and Kursk disaster ref1, ref2, ref3

breakdown of relationship with Berezovsky ref1

conflict with NTV ref1

Yegor Yakovlev on ref1

on freedom of speech ref1

and Moscow theatre siege, 2002 ref1

inauguration, 2004 ref1

and the Georgian war, 2008 ref1

Sochi Winter Olympics ref1

legitimacy ref1

appeal ref1

becomes prime minister ref1

anti-Putin protests, 2011 ref1, ref2

anti-Americanism ref1

defence of system of governance ref1

annexation of Crimea ref1

Ukraine policy ref1

radio ref1

Radio Moscow ref1, ref2

reality, creation of ref1

Red Square protests, August, 1968 ref1

red–brown coalition ref1, ref2, ref3

Refco ref1

reformation ref1

rehabilitations ref1

religion, communist attacks on ref1

Remnick, David ref1, ref2, ref3

restoration ideology ref1

Revzin, Grigory ref1

Rodina (Motherland) Party ref1

Rogov, Kirill ref1, ref2

Rogozin, Dmitry ref1

Rossiyskaya gazeta (newspaper) ref1

rouble ref1

depreciation ref1

Rozanov, Vasily ref1

Ruml, Jan ref1

Russia, bankruptcy ref1

Russia Channel ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

Russia Project advertising campaign ref1

Russian Army, Dzerzhinsky Division ref1, ref2

Russian Democratic Choice ref1

Russian Federation ref1

Russia’s Choice ref1

Rutskoi, Alexander ref1, ref2, ref3

Ryazan’ incident, the ref1, ref2

Ryazanov, Eldar ref1

Ryzhkov, Nikolai ref1, ref2

Saddam Hussein ref1

St Petersburg ref1, ref2

Sakharov, Andrei ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

samizdat ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

satire ref1

Savostyanov, Evgeny ref1, ref2

scientists ref1

Sebastopol ref1, ref2, ref3n

Second World War ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

Security Council ref1, ref2

security services, oligarchs ref1

Segodnya (Today) newspaper ref1

self-preservation ref1

Semichastny, Vladimir ref1

Semnadtsat’ mgnovenii vesny (Seventeen Moments of Spring) (TV series) ref1

Semyonov, Yulian ref1

Serbia ref1

Shadkhan, Igor ref1

Shafarevich, Igor ref1

Shatrov, Mikhail ref1, ref2

Shelepin, Alexander ref1

Shenderovich, Viktor ref1, ref2

shestidesiatniki, the ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

Shevardnadze, Eduard ref1, ref2

Shevchenko, Maxim ref1

Shmelev, Nikolai ref1

Shoigu, Sergei ref1

Sholokhov, Mikhail ref1

shortages ref1, ref2

show trials ref1, ref2

shuttle traders ref1

Shvarts, Evgeny ref1

Simonov, Alexei ref1

Sinyavsky, Andrei ref1, ref2

Sivkov, Nikolai ref1

600 sekund (600 Seconds) (TV programme) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

Skuratov, Yuri ref1

small-time trade ref1

Smeliansky, Anatoly ref1, ref2

Smolensky, Alexander ref1

Snow, C. P. ref1

Sobchak, Anatoly ref1, ref2

Sobchak, Ksenia ref1

Sochi ref1

Sochi Winter Olympics ref1, ref2

socialism ref1

with a human face ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

and morality ref1

Sofronov, Anatoly ref1, ref2, ref3

Sokolov, Maxim ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

Solovyov, Sergei ref1

Solzhenitsyn, Alexander ref1, ref2, ref3

One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich ref1

expulsion ref1

Gulag Archipelago ref1, ref2, ref3

‘Live Not by Lies’ ref1

Sorokina, Svetlana ref1

Soros, George ref1, ref2

Soskovets, Oleg ref1

South Ossetia ref1

sovereign democracy ref1

Sovetskaya Rossiya (newspaper) ref1, ref2, ref3

Soviet empire, collapse of ref1

Soviet iconography ref1

Soviet instincts, revival of ref1

Soviet Trade Representation ref1

Soviet Union

collapse of ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

dissolution of ref1

ideology ref1, ref2, ref3

violence ref1, ref2

reformation ref1

aristocracy ref1

post-Stalinist thaw ref1, ref2

paternalistic state ref1

role of the media in ref1

private ownership rules ref1

travel restrictions ref1

official press image ref1

siege mentality ref1

bureaucracy ref1

invasion of Afghanistan ref1, ref2

loss of legitimacy ref1

crackdown in Vilnius ref1

information sources under ref1

nostalgia for ref1

Sovok ref1

Spanish Civil War ref1

stagnation ref1

Stalin, Josef ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

death of ref1, ref2

denunciation of ref1, ref2

cult of personality ref1

rehabilitation ref1

fascism ref1

historical re-examination ref1

and the NEP ref1

Putin and ref1

Starye pesni o glavnom (Old Songs about Important Things) (TV programme) ref1, ref2

state capital, oligarchs use of ref1

state enterprises, loosening of control over ref1

state ownership, ideology of ref1

Stepashin, Sergei ref1, ref2

Stierlitz, Max Otto von ref1, ref2

Stolichny Bank ref1

Stolitsa (Capital City) (magazine) ref1

Strelyany, Anatoly ref1

styob ref1, ref2, ref3

suicides, post-coup ref1

Supreme Soviet ref1, ref2

Surkov, Vladislav ref1, ref2

survival ref1

Suslov, Mikhail ref1, ref2, ref3

Suzdal’ ref1

Svyazinvest auction ref1, ref2, ref3

Tallinn ref1

Tak zhit’ nel’zia (You Can’t Live Like That) (film) ref1

Tarasov, Artem ref1

TASS ref1, ref2

Tatum, Paul, murder of ref1

Taubman, William ref1

Tbilisi, massacre, 1989 ref1

television

importance of ref1, ref2, ref3

role ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

under Perestroika ref1, ref2

Congress of People’s Deputies coverage, 1989 ref1

Alexander Yakovlev on ref1

nationalists and ref1

Yeltsin and ref1, ref2

game shows ref1, ref2

Latin American soap operas ref1

launch of NTV ref1

Soviet ref1

audience ref1

Gusinsky and ref1

corruption ref1

first Chechen war coverage ref1, ref2

Buddenovsk crisis coverage ref1

presidential election coverage, 1996 ref1, ref2, ref3

and oligarchs ref1

power ref1, ref2

nostalgia for Soviet past ref1

second Chechen war coverage ref1, ref2

Putin’s obsession with ref1

Kursk disaster coverage ref1, ref2

Moscow theatre siege coverage, 2002 ref1

news coverage ref1

Beslan school hostage crisis coverage ref1

Georgian war coverage ref1

Ukraine war coverage ref1, ref2, ref3

annexation of Crimea coverage ref1

information war ref1

ten-year sentences ref1

Terror, the ref1, ref2

terrorism

the Ryazan’ incident ref1

Chechen ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

Moscow theatre siege, 2002 ref1

Beslan school hostage crisis ref1

thaw, post-Stalinist ref1, ref2

theatre siege, 2002, Moscow ref1

Third International, the ref1

Tiananmen Square massacre ref1

Tikhonov, Vyacheslav ref1

Timashuk, Lidia ref1

Timchenko, Gennady ref1

Timofeevsky, Alexander ref1, ref2, ref3

transition, 1991 ref1

travel, Soviet restrictions ref1

Tretyakov, Vitaly ref1

Trifonov, Yuri ref1, ref2

Truman, David ref1

Tsentsiper, Ilya ref1

TSN ref1

Turner, Ted ref1

Tvardovsky, Alexander ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

Ukhod (Departure) (TV documentary) ref1

Ukraine

war against ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

television coverage ref1

transfer of Crimea to ref1, ref2n

revolution ref1

Russian propaganda ref1

information war ref1

Union of Right Forces ref1

United Russia Party ref1, ref2

United States of America

Alexander Yakovlev’s education in ref1

Fulbright scholars ref1

Yugoslavia bombing campaign ref1

as a utopia ref1

reset proposal ref1

Unity Party ref1

values ref1

Venediktov, Alexei ref1

Vidyaevo ref1

Vilnius ref1

vlast ref1

Voice of America ref1

Vologda ref1

Voloshin, Alexander ref1, ref2

Vremya (TV news programme) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

Vyakhirev, Rem ref1, ref2, ref3

Vzglyad (Viewpoint) (TV programme) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

Wall Street Journal ref1

White House, Moscow ref1, ref2

siege, 1993 ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

words

communist control of ref1

ability to transcend closed borders ref1

as weapons ref1

Yakovlev, Alexander

on importance of the media ref1

relationship with Gorbachev ref1, ref2

role ref1

support of Perestroika ref1, ref2

evolution to liberal freethinker ref1

and the fall of Khrushchev ref1

on Khruschev ref1

and the invasion of Czechoslovakia ref1

on the rehabilitation of Stalin ref1

opposition to nationalists ref1

birth ref1

family history ref1

resentment of Stalinism ref1

at Columbia University ref1

military service ref1

as ambassador to Canada ref1, ref2

on Dukhobors ref1

review of system ref1

and the free market ref1

memo, December 1985 ref1

and private ownership ref1

release of Pokaianie (Repentance) ref1

understanding of Glasnost ref1

stops jamming of foreign radio stations ref1

and the Andreeva letter ref1, ref2

and Yeltsin ref1

on television ref1, ref2

on pessimism ref1

support for Gorbachev ref1

and Moskovskie novosti (The Moscow News) ref1

Kryuchkov smears ref1

and Yeltsin’s secession threat ref1

warns Gorbachev of coup attempt ref1, ref2

quits Party ref1

prevents attack on KGB building ref1

appointed chairman of Ostankino ref1

beliefs ref1

on freedom of speech ref1

on Primakov ref1

and restoration of the Soviet national anthem ref1

Yakovlev, Vladimir ref1, ref2, ref3

editorship of Kommersant ref1, ref2, ref3

traits ref1

anti-journalism ref1

on Soviet period ref1

on class consciousness ref1

on early 1990s ref1

on language ref1

borrowing ref1

and presidential election, 1996 ref1

Yakovlev, Vladimir Ivanovich ref1

Yakovlev, Yegor ref1, ref2, ref3

funeral ref1

relationship with Gorbachev ref1

status ref1

background ref1, ref2

family history ref1

father ref1

grandparents ref1

death of father ref1

Ia idu s toboi (I Am Walking Alongside You) ref1, ref2

mother ref1

support for Stalin ref1, ref2

joins Communist Party ref1

first journalistic job ref1

and Khrushchev’s secret speech ref1

on Novy Mir ref1

post-Stalinist thaw ref1

as editor of Zhurnalist ref1

and the invasion of Czechoslovakia ref1

Prague exile ref1, ref2

and Lenin’s image ref1

editorship of Moskovskie novosti (The Moscow News) ref1, ref2, ref3

and the Andreeva letter ref1

and Perestroika ref1

and the Tbilisi massacre, 1989 ref1

KGB articles ref1

attitude to Yeltsin ref1

support for Gorbachev ref1

and Yeltsin’s secession threat ref1

and the crackdown in Vilnius ref1

quits party ref1

sixtieth birthday ref1

Malgin debate ref1

on generational shift ref1

last issue of Moskovskie novosti ref1

as head of post-Soviet television ref1, ref2

and Ostankino television centre siege, 1992 ref1

Yeltsin fires ref1, ref2

Malashenko and ref1

rescue of NTV ref1

defence of NTV ref1

on Putin ref1

Yanayev, Gennady ref1, ref2

Yanov, Alexander ref1

Yanukovych, Viktor ref1

Yaroslavl’ ref1

Yavlinsky, Grigory ref1

Yefremov, Oleg ref1

Yeltsin, Boris ref1, ref2, ref3

and Perstroika ref1

and Gorbachev ref1

popularity ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

campaign against privileges ref1

elected president of Russia ref1

drinking ref1, ref2, ref3

Perestroika reformers attitude to ref1

foreign governments attitude to ref1

quits party ref1

secession threat ref1

and the crackdown in Vilnius ref1

meeting with Gorbachev, 23 July 1991 ref1

and coup attempt, 1991 ref1, ref2, ref3

advisors ref1, ref2

inauguration as president ref1

privatization policy ref1

parliamentary power struggle ref1

fires Yegor Yakovlev ref1, ref2

and Ostankino television centre siege, 1992 ref1

and television ref1, ref2

impeachment vote ref1

special rule decree ref1

Odin den’ iz zhizni prezidenta (A Day in the Life of the President) (TV programme) ref1

dissolves parliament ref1

appearance ref1, ref2

and rebellion, 1993 ref1

appoints Alexander Yakovlev chairman of Ostankino ref1

and first Chechen war ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

and freedom of speech ref1

as guarantor of freedom ref1

health ref1, ref2, ref3

election campaign, 1996 ref1, ref2

oligarchs support for ref1, ref2

and Berezovsky ref1

visit to Chechnya ref1

presidential inauguration, 1996 ref1

asks Malashenko to be chief of staff ref1

and the bankers’ war ref1

and Nemtsov ref1, ref2

search for a national ideology ref1

sacks Chernomyrdin ref1

successor debate ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

appoints Kiriyenko ref1

on miners strike, Kuzbas, 1998 ref1

appoints Primakov prime minister ref1

attitude to media ref1, ref2

on Primakov ref1

sacks Primakov ref1

family financial scandals ref1

legacy ref1

relationship with Putin ref1

appoints Putin prime minister ref1

resignation ref1

view of Russia ref1

Yugoslavia, NATO bombing campaign ref1

Yukos oil company ref1

Yumashev, Valentin ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6

Za obraztsovuiu torgovliu (For the Exemplary Trade) (newspaper) ref1

zastoi (stagnation) ref1

Zhirinovsky, Vladimir ref1, ref2

Zhukov, Georgy ref1

Zhurnalist (Journalist) (magazine) ref1

Zinoviev, Alexander ref1

Zolotaia likhoradka (Gold Rush) (TV game show) ref1

Zorin, Andrei ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

Zverev, Sergei ref1

Zyuganov, Gennady ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5