abductions
orphans and,14–15
recruiting and, 14
trafficking and,14–18
abortions, 19, 28, 37
Abu Dhabi, 12
abuse, physical and sexual, 4, 5, 19,40–43
of children in Germany, 17
of children in Russia, 16
by Fainberg, Ludwig,53–54
in Italy,114–115
in Kosovo,101–103, 249
by Mishulovich, Alex,59–60,64–65
in Poland, 13
retribution and,68–72, 264
in Romania,112–113
in Serbia,31–35
advertising
by sex trade workers, 23 (see also internet)
for sex trade workers,9–10, 145, 152, 154
Africa, sex trade workers from, 6
agencies
employment, 3, 10
escort, 81
mail-order bride,90–92
Russian-fronted, 49
sex-tour, 90
aid workers, international, 158, 187
AIDS. See health, HIV/AIDS
Albania, 21, 68
Country Report on,190–191
criminal justice and, 133
organized crime in, 253
pimps in/from,4–5, 105,106–107,113–115
police in, 191
smuggling from, 22, 35,106–110,113–114, 117
TIP reports on, 190,191–192, 198, 276
trafficking in/from,105–111
U.S. army and, 253
Albanian Ministry of Public Order, 191
Alderdice, Gary, 70, 72
Aleknaite-Abramikiene, Vilija, 48
Amit, Natan,125–126
Amnesty International, 127, 195
Arizona Market,35–38, 40
Arlacchi, Pino, 46–47, 259
Asia. See also various countries in recruiting in, 23
ROC in, 48
sex trade workers in/from, 5, 6, 48
Assignment, 131
auctions,37–38, 138
internet, 80, 81
Australia, 202
Austria,123–124, 278
Aveis, Mark, 221
Balkans. See also various countries in
after civil war in, 36, 100
trafficking routes in,20–22
Baltic states, 22. See also various countries in
Bangkok, sex junkets and, 5
Banjaluka, Bosnia, 170, 172
Bar, Alon. See Fainberg, Ludwig Barry, Ellen, 222
Bayer, Michael,149–155
Belarus, 41, 139, 276
Ben-Ami, Nissan,76–78,129–130
Bezprizornye, 15
biker gangs. See under gangs
Bolkovac, Kathryn,160–168, 169
Bosnia. See also Kosovo
Arizona Market in,35–38
NATO in, 157, 161
police in,38(see also IPTF) TIP
reports and, 281
trafficking in, 283
United Nations and,99–100, 109,157–183
U.S. military in,227–255
Bradie, Pablo, 165
Brown, Michael,62–65
Bruggeman, Willy W., 46
Bulgaria
abductions in, 14
organized crime in, 48
TIP reports on, 188, 271
trafficking in,21–22, 139
Bureau of Democracy, Human
Rights and Labor, 190
Bush, George W.,269–270,271–272, 280, 281
Canada
Ludwig Fainberg’s plan in, 54
ROC in,49–50
trafficking and, 23
U.S. border and, 57
Cesare, Don,106–111, 116, 117
Chappell, Derek,233–234, 236,238–243,248–254
Chicago,57–61
children,14–18. See also orphanages/orphans
abandonment of, 15
abduction of,14–15
abuse, physical and sexual (see under abuse, physical and sexual)
age of, as sex trade workers, 79
International Justice Commission and, 198
of sex trade workers, 28, 110
Chinese Triads, 48, 50
CIVPOL, 29
Clinton, Bill, 193, 271
Colombia, drug cartels in, 48, 51
Commission on Security and
Coopera tion in Europe. See
Helsinki Com mission Counter-Trafficking Return and
Reintegration, 30
Country Reports on Human Rights
Practices, 14, 139, 190. See also
Country Reports under various countries
crime. See also abuse, physical and sexual
Arizona Market and,35–37
government corruption and,135–156
of murder, 40,68–69,71–72, 109, 127,212–213,217–218
organized (see organized crime) war,157–158
Crime Assessment report, Europol’s, 47
Criminal Intelligence Service of
Canada, 50
criminal justice, 65,66–67,260–262
in Albania, 191
in Austria,123–124
in Bosnia, 181, 229, 231
customers and, 261
DynCorp and, 173, 178
in England,66–67
in Germany,67–68
in Greece, 141, 144
in Israel,124–128,146–149, 195,277–78
in Kosovo,132–133
Serbian fighters and, 157
sex trade workers as witnesses and,263–264
in United States, 65, 156,220–222
witness protection and, 127, 128, 264
Croatia. See Bosnia; Yugoslavia
customers, 136
criminal justice and, 261
on the internet, 92
Israeli,75–78
military as (see under military)
number of, per day/night, 4, 13, 17, 19, 158
police as (see under police)
TIP reports and, 205
Czech Republic, 11, 27, 95
orphans in, 16
pimps in, 11
police in, 27
Prague, 86, 149, 150, 152
price of visas in, 154
sex tours in,86–87
TIP reports on, 188
trafficking and, 22,149–156
DeSarno, James, 211
Diamantopoulou, Anna, 46
Dobriansky, Dorothy,206–207
domestics, 3
drugs, 5
Colombia cartels and, 48, 51
international trafficking in, 4,
20, 21, 45, 208
pimps and, 19
Dubi, Czech Republic, 24, 27, 28
DynCorp, 160, 163, 165, 169,173–79
Randolph, John, and (see Randolph, John)
Eastern European Crime Squad, 63
Eckhard, Fred, 167
Egypt, smuggling from, 145, 147, 148
Ely-Raphel, Nancy,196–197, 201, 202, 206
employment agencies. See agencies
England
criminal justice in,66–67
police in, 131
Epstein, Mark,271–272
escort services, 23
Esdras, Daniel, 122
Europe, Eastern and Central. See also various countries in
biker gangs in, 67
organized crime in, 20,45–51
sex trade workers in/from,2–4, 6, 7, 10,20–25, 33, 36, 203
(see also Bosnia; Israel) trafficking in,3–4, 45, 47, 48, 67, 258
European Union. See also various countries in
police, 46, 47
police in Bosnia,182–183
trafficking in, 46–47,257–259, 278
trafficking routes in,20–21
Europol, 46, 47
Fainberg, Ludwig,51–57
families, Soviet Union breakup and,2–3
FBI, 53, 62,64–65
ROC and, 49
smuggling and,210–213,215–216, 218,222–223
Ferrazaj, Kosovo, 132, 229, 232, 233, 234, 239, 246, 254
Gabay, Alex,217–218,220–221
gangs,50–51. See also Mafia; organized crime
Albanian, 68,106–107, 142
biker, 48,67–68
Chinese, 48, 50
in Czech Republic, 156
Eastern European,50–51
émigré, 50
Greek, 22, 142
Hungarian, 155
Japanese, 48, 50, 68
Native, 57
retribution by,68–72
Serbian, 69, 179, 192
Georgia, 23
Country Reports on, 39
TIP reports on, 188
Germany, 13
abuse of children in, 17
Hell’s Angels in,67–68
police in, 204
prostitution in, 203,278–279
sex tourists and, 24
TIP reports and, 202, 204, 278
trafficking in, 11, 67,203–204,278–279
Gorr, Vadim,62–66
Goryainov, K., 120
government, 18, 27,257–263,265–66. See also police complacency and,120–121,124–134, 260
corruption and,135–156 (see also IPTF; TIP reports)
in Czech Republic,149–156
in Greece,122immigration/labor violations and, 119
in Israel,124–128,129–130 in Korea, 132
in Russia,120–121
in Sweden, 121
Greece
corruption in,140–144 organized crime in,22pimps in, 41
police in,122–123,140–144
TIP reports on, 188, 198, 205, 274, 276, 281, 287
trafficking in/through, 22,121–122,140–141, 142, 282
Gruenpeter-Gold, Leah,76–78, 129
Hamburg, Germany,67–68
Haugen, Gary, 136,198–200
health, 5, 13, 19, 37, 100. See also abuse, physical and sexual
birth control, condoms and, 24, 28, 77, 80, 87
HIV/AIDS and, 5, 19, 28, 79,265Hedding, Ronald D., 220
Hell’s Angels. See gangs, biker
Helsinki Commission, 105, 120, 137
Herzegovina. See Bosnia
Highway E-55, 11,24–26, 28, 95
Hirtz, John, 175,177–178
Hotline for Migrant Workers. See under Israel
Hughes, Donna,200–202
human rights
Helsinki Commission and, 105, 120, 137
organizations, TIP reports and,188–189, 190
reports, 14, 16,136–139 (see also Amnesty International; Country Reports; TIP reports)
United Nations and, 162, 167
United States Congress committee and,179–180
Human Rights Abuses… Israel’s Sex Industry, 195
Human Rights Watch, 16,121–122, 136
Greece and, 142
Israel and,195–196
TIP reports and, 189, 199
Humphrey, Simon, 131
Hungary, trafficking in/from, 21, 22, 155
Initiative Against Sexual Trafficking, 205
International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights. See Helsinki Com mission
International Human Rights Law Group, 105
International Justice Commission, 198
International Justice Mission, 136
International Monetary Fund, 187
International Organization for
Migration, 14,30–31, 122, 227
International Police Task Force. See IPTF
internet, 34, 55, 78,80–97
auctions (see auctions)
customers on the, 92
discussions on,93–97
Highway E-55 and, 24
interactive sex shows, 80,92–93
mail-order brides and,90–92
photographs on, 92
recruiting and, 14
tourism and,83–84,88–90
World Sex Guide on, 78, 83, 84, 85, 87, 93
Interpol, 120, 258
Ioanna, Rosario, 166
Ionescu, Cristian, 123
IPTF,159–173
bribes and, 171
replacement of, 182
Israel, 87,192–198
Amnesty International and, 195
Awareness Center, 77, 129, 196, 277
corruption in, 140,144–149, 277
customers in,75–78
Fainberg, Ludwig, and, 52, 53
government, pimps and,129–131
Hotline for Migrant Workers, 124, 145, 194, 196, 277
human rights and,194–198
Human Rights Watch and,195–196
monetary assistance from U.S. and, 193
pimps and police in Israel, 196
pimps in, 40,74–77,81–83, 130,146–148, 198
police in,124–128,144–149, 196,277–278
ROC in,48–49
smuggling to, 145, 147, 148
Tel Aviv,74–78, 124, 145, 147
TIP reports on, 188, 190,192–194,196–197, 276, 277
trafficking from Russia, 48,87–88, 194
trafficking in,124–131,194–198
Women’s Network, 48
Italy
organized crime in,48(see also Mafia)
pimps in, 106,113–115, 117
police in,115–116
smuggling to (see under Albania)
trafficking and, 21, 22, 35,106–117, 278
Ivankov, Vyacheslav, 49
Japan, TIP reports on, 188,276–277, 287
Japanese Yakuza, 48, 50,68–69
Jefferson, LaShawn, 199
Jews
émigrés, in Chicago, 61
orthodox,77–78, 131
johns. See customers Johnston,
Benjamin,173–179
Johnston, Denisa, 175, 176
Jordan, Ann, 105
Karelia, orphans in,16–17
kidnapping. See abductions
Kim Kyoung Sa, 132
Klein, Jacques, 161, 168, 169
Komisaruk, Tetyana,213–214, 216, 218, 219, 221, 222
Komisaruk, Valeriy, 214, 216, 219, 221, 222
Korea. See South Korea
Korean Special Tourism Association, 226
Kosovo,29–30. See also Bosnia
criminal trials in,132–133
trafficking in, 103
United Nations in, 29,100–104
U.S. military in,228–255
Kyiv, Ukraine, 11, 104, 211, 214, 215, 218
Kyriazidis, Dimitris, 141
La Strada, 11, 12,104–105
Laducer, Dennis, 164
Lamb, David, 165,179–181
Lara (women’s group), 36
Latin and South America. See also
Colombia; Mexico
sex trade workers in/from, 6 Latvia, 62
recruiting in,58–59
Lazos, Gregoris, 141
Lejhanec, Milan,150–156
Lepenko, Gennadi,120
Levenkron, Nomi,124–127, 144,146–49, 194, 197
Lithuania, organized crime in, 48
Los Angeles,210–214
Lyons, Jonathan, 178
Macau,69–72 Mafia
Chechen, 59,60
Italian, 48, 49,50
Russian, 51,72Serbian, 175,176
Turkish, 69
in United States, 49, 51maids, 3, 10
United Arab Emirates and,12mail-order brides, 20
internet and,90–92
recruiting and,12–14
Manila, sex junkets and,5matchmaking. See mail-order brides Mazur,
Oleksander,29–30, 132–133, 231, 233, 234–235
McCullock, Hamish, 258
Meshkova, Oksana, 212, 220, 221
Mexico, smuggling from, 210–213, 214–15, 218–219, 221–223
Mezheritsky, Serge, 214–222 Miami, 51, 52
Middle East. See also various countries in
sex trade workers in/from, 12, 23
Milakovic, Milorad, 170, 171, 173, 182
military. See also DynCorp; police
as customers, 132, 156, 158–183, 225–28, 232
pimps in,174–175
trafficking and,161–183
U.S., cover-ups and,235–238, 250–55
U.S., in Bosnia,227–255
U.S., in Korea, 132, 225–226, 227
Miller, John,272–273, 275, 284, 285–286
Mishulovich, Alex,57–66 models, 3, 10
Moldova
abductions in,14corruption in, 138, 139
TIP reports on, 188, 276
trafficking in, 21, 45
Montenegro,104–105
Moon, Gordon,100–104, 254
murder. See under crime
National Law Center for Children and Familes, 93
NATO, 157, 161
Netherlands
prostitution in,203–204, 278–279
TIP reports on, 202, 204, 278
trafficking in, 203, 278–279
New York City,150–156
Office to Combat Trafficking, 205
Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe,40–41, 257
organized crime,4–5, 10, 45–47.
See also gangs; Mafia;
ROC; syndicates; various countries
extortion schemes and, 47
fraud schemes and, 47
groups, structure of, 47
internal markets and,23–24
mail-order brides and, 14
retribution and,68–72
TIP reports and, 205
trafficking and (see under trafficking)
UN peacekeepers and,180–182
United Nations trafficking protocol and, 259
organized crime in Canada, 50
orphanages/orphans,14–18
Palestine, 129
Pede, Rudite,58–59
pedophiles, 91
Penkina, Irini, 41, 143
Petushenko, Lyuda, 212, 213, 216, 218, 219, 220–221
pimps, 4, 35, 40, 264. See also under various countries
drugs and, 19
earnings of,4–5, (see also sex trade workers, as investments)
Highway E-55 and, 24, 25
in Macau,69–70
mail-order brides and, 14
in military,174–175
prices paid sex trade workers by, 11, 12
recruiting and, 13
training by,42–43
Poland
abuse of children in, 13
TIP reports on, 188
trafficking and, 22
police, 18, 27, 38, 120–122, 262–64.
See also FBI; government; IPTF; military; various countries
Arizona Market and, 38
corruption and,135–156 (see also IPTF; TIP reports)
as customers, 105, 148–149, 156, 160–169
in Hamburg, 67
in Los Angeles, 218, 219
in Macau, 71
New York City,151–155
ROC and,49–50 trafficking reports of, 47
United Nations, 46, 159–173
United States as,185–187, 208
Ponza, Romea, 233, 234, 249
Popov, Bozhidar, 48
Porky’s strip bar, 51, 52, 54
Powell, Colin,189–190, 202, 204, 286, 287
Prado, Hiram, 223
Prague, 86, 149, 150, 152
Pretty Woman, 18
Prew, Mike, 72
Prijedor, Bosnia, 169, 170, 171, 172, 182
Pristina, Kosovo, 29, 100, 228, 250
racism,128–134
Radicetti, Anna Eva,30–31
Radovanivic, Mara,36–38
Randolph, John,228–230, 235–238, 241–245, 247–249
recruiting, 266
abductions and (see abductions)
in Asia, 23
in Eastern Europe,9–15
in Germany, 204
internet and, 14
in Latvia,58–59
mail-order brides and,13–14
in Netherlands, 204
pimps and (see under pimps)
in Russia,69–71
in Ukraine, 10, 11–13
using advertising (see advertising)
using sex trade workers, 13
Rees, Madeleine, 162, 164, 167, 168, 172, 182
Regina Pacis, 107, 109–111, 116, 117
Roberts, Alun, 172
Robinson, Mary, 167, 258
ROC (Russian Organized Crime),47–50, 68, 274
Fainberg, Ludwig, and,51–52
syndicates,47–50
Rogozhyna, Nina, 215
Romania
abductions in, 14
orphanages in, 15, 16
police in,121–122
TIP reports on, 188, 190
trafficking in/from, 21, 26, 112–113, 121–123
Rome, 106, 117
Rozen, Sigal, 145, 194, 197
Ruc, Ladislav,150–156
Russia
abductions in, 15
corruption in,139–140, 206, 275
democracy in,1–2
living conditions in, 55
“mail-order brides” and, 14
organized crime in, 2, 45, 47–50, 206, 274(see also ROC)
orphanges in, 15, 16
pimps in/from, 69
recruiting in,69–71
strippers from, 23, 54
trafficking and,2–4, 45, 87–91, 274
TIP reports on, 188, 198, 206, 274, 287
Russian International Marriage Agency, 91
Ryniekska, Oksana,66–67
Salvation Army, 205
Samosalova, Natalie,69–72
Sarajevo, 160, 162, 163, 167, 171, 173, 182
Saunders, Dan, 211
Scandinavia, trafficking to,22scarfi, 108
Schulz, William, 271
Sedbon, Yossi, 130
Serbia,19–20, 30. See also Kosovo;
Yugoslavia
abuse, physical and sexual in,30–35
gangs, 69, 179, 192
TIP reports on, 276, 287
war in Bosnia and (see Bosnia)
sex trade. See also various countries/ regions
business profits of (see sex trade workers, as investments)
earnings (total) of, 46
escape/rescue from,99–117
governments and (see government)
growth of,3–4
organized crime and (see organized crime)
police and (see police)
sex-slave auctions and (see auctions)
tourism and, 24, 41, 90, 141, 224(see also under internet)
trafficking in (see trafficking)
sex trade workers
abuse and (see abuse, physical and sexual)
age of, 79
customers of (see customers) health of (see health)
as investments,4–5, 35, 45–46, 57, 61, 66, 67, 70, 116, 153
living conditions of, 4, 31, 33, 35, 101–102, 104, 152
number of, 5, 10
pimps and (see pimps)
price to buy, 12, 54, 57, 81, 147
prices charged by, 23, 24, 25, 43, 70, 75, 86, 88, 95, 153, 158
recruiting of (see recruiting)
rescue operations,99–117
“Russian,” 23, 82, 87
salaries offered to, 10, 18, 58
selling of,37–38, 54
as slaves, 92, 93, 95, 142, 161, 174, 180, 202, 228
“testing” of, 22, 31, 89
trafficking in (see trafficking)
training of,32–35, 42–43, 61
as witnesses,263–264
Shitrit, Meir, 196
Showgirls, 61
Shvab, Inna, 104
Slovenia. See Yugoslavia
Smith, Christopher, 105, 186
smuggling. See under Albania; Israel;
Mexico
Society of Support to the Enterprises of Macau, 69
soldiers. See military
Solnes, Jon Oscar, 183
South Korea, 132, 224–227
Country Report on, 225
E-6 visas and,226–227
Filipinas in, 226
organized crime in, 226, 227
pimps in, 227
police in, 227
Russian women in, 226
TIP reports on, 188, 190, 198, 224
trafficking in,224–227
Soviet Union. See also Russia breakup of,1–3
Stiers, Mike, 162, 163
Stoudmann, Gerard, 257
Straits of Otranto, 108
Striptease, 61
Suessenbacher, Hellmuth,123–124
suicide, 19, 41, 100, 143
Svit Tours, 214
Sweden, police in,121syndicates
émigré gangs and, 50
ROC and,48–50
Taylor, Bruce, 93
Tcharouchine, Serguie,57–62
Tel Aviv. See under Israel
Tel Aviv Sex Report, 87
Teplice, Bohemia, 27
Thompson, Lisa, 205
TIP reports,188–194, 273–278, 281, 283–284, 286–88.
See also under various countries
economic sanctions and,187–188, 193, 205, 208
reaction to,195–208
trafficking,45–51, 119–23. See also
under various countries abductions and,14–18
Arizona Market and,35–38 Balkan route and, 21
in drugs (see drugs)
Eastern Route and,20–21
friends and relatives and, 11
governments and (see government) Highway E-55
and, 11, 24human rights conferences on,136–139
in illegal weapons (see weapons) international borders and,20–24, 57, 262
internet (see internet)
military and (see under military) organized crime and,19–24, 45–51
orphans and (see under orphanages/orphans)
profits (see sex trade workers, as investments)
prostitution and, connection between,201–202
reports on, 14, 16, 47, 136–139 (see also Country Reports on Human Rights Practices; TIP reports)
United Nations and (see under
United Nations)
United Nations protocol on, 259, 267
waves,5–6, 13
Trafficking in Persons. See TIP reports
Trafficking in Prostitution Investigation Unit, 228, 229, 231, 254
trials. See criminal justice
Turkey
sex tours to, 85
TIP reports on, 188, 274, 281, 287
trafficking in, 22, 282–283
Tuzla, Bosnia, 173, 174
Twiss, Charles, 164
Ukraine
abandonment of children in, 15
child prostitution in, 15
corruption in, 140
La Strada, 11, 12, 104–105
orphanges in, 15, 16
recruiting in, 10, 11–13
TIP reports on, 276
trafficking in/from, 21, 45, 46
trafficking to U.S. and,211–212, 214–216
Ukrainian Exotic Escort Agency, 81
United Arab Emirates, 12, 93–94
pimps in, 12
police in, 94
ROC in, 49
United Nations
in Bosnia,99–100, 109, 157–183
cover-ups and,160–183 DynCorp and (see DynCorp)
Human Rights Office and, 162, 167, 258
International Police Task Force,159–173
in Kosovo, 29, 100–104, 109, 132–133, 230
Office of Internal Oversight,167–169, 250
report on Israel to,196trafficking and, 21, 29–30, 46–47, 122, 137, 157–183
Trafficking and Prostitution
Unit, 101
trafficking protocol and, 259, 267
United States
anti-trafficking legislation, 105
(see also Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act)
Army, Criminal Investigation
Division, 176
Border Patrol,210–212, 221
Committee on International
Relations,179–180, 197, 200–202, 207
ease of entering, 57
economic sanctions and (see under TIP reports)
embassies and consulates,186
Immigration and Naturalization
Service (INS), 210, 212
military in Korea, 132, 225–226, 227
“national interest,” 188
police,151–155 (see also FBI)
as police,185–187, 208
refugees in, 63
ROC in, 49, 52
sex tourists from, 224
State Department, 55, 62, 139,
149, 154, 160, 169, 181, 186, 273–278, 280–283, 286, 288(see also TIP reports)
TIP reports on, 205, 209
trafficking from Ukraine, 210, 211–212, 214–216
trafficking in, 23, 57–59, 60, 62, 149–156, 209
trafficking reports and, 205, 209
visas, 58, 59, 62, 64, 149–150
Valhiev (pimp),69–70
Vandenberg, Martina,136–137
Vankovn, Alex, 217, 218
Victims of Trafficking and Violence
Protection Act, 186, 187, 193, 198, 206, 208
reports and (see TIP reports)
Vinitsky, Garik, 216, 220, 223
Vladivostock, Russia, 48, 69–71
Vlorë, Albania, 22, 108, 117
weapons, 155
trafficking in, 4, 20, 21, 45, 208
websites. See internet
Werner, Kevin,176–178
Wheeless, Charlene A., 178
World Bank, 187
World Sex Guide. See under internet
Yugoslavia. See also Albania; Bosnia;
Kosovo; Serbia
Country Report on, 192
organized crime in,20–21, 30
TIP reports on, 188, 190, 192, 198
trafficking in/through,21–22, 29–31
United Nations police in, 29–30, 228