The New Russia

Index

Notes: MG and RG in various sub-entries and parentheses refer to Mikhail and Raisa Gorbachev(a) respectively. Chinese and Korean names are indexed as written, i.e. family name followed by given name – no comma separator. Japanese and some other names are listed according to usual Western practice. Plates are indicated as individually numbered, in bold type, e.g. P10.

Abalkin, Leonid

Abdullah II, King of Jordan

Aberdeen

Abkhazia

independence recognized by Russia

Acceleration

Adamovka

Adenauer, Konrad

Afghanistan

military action against

Soviet invasion (1979)

Africa

people with AIDS

see also Botswana; Egypt; Ghana; Nigeria; South Africa; Tunisia

Ageyeva, Valeriya

agriculture

protecting and supporting workers

subsidized

Aitmatov, Chingiz

Akhmadulina, Bella

Akunin, Boris

Albanian separatists

Albats, Yevgenia

Albert, Prince Consort of Queen Victoria

Alexander I, Tsar of Russia

Alexeyev, Ilya

Alexeyeva, Lyudmila

Alexiy II, Patriarch of All Russia

Alma-Ata

Altai

American University (Washington, DC)

Amu Darya river

Analytical Centre of the President of Russia

Andreotti, Giulio

Andreyeva, Nina

Andropov, Yury Vladimirovich

Anka, Paul

Anna (letter-writer)

Annan, Kofi

Anpilov, Viktor

Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty

anti-terrorist coalition

Antonov-Ovseyenko, Anton

Arab–Israeli conflict

Arab Spring (2010–11)

Arafat, Yasser

Arakcheyev, Alexey

Aral Sea

Arctic Ocean

Argentina

Argumenty i Fakty (newspaper)

Armenia

arms race

accelerating

halted/ending

interests vested in

new

unbridled

Aron, Leon

Asahi Shimbun (Japanese newspaper)

Association of Doctors for the Prevention of Nuclear War

Association of Southeast Asian Nations

Astafiev, Viktor P.

Atlanta, Georgia

see also Emory University

auctions

deposit

loans-for-shares

Australia

authoritarianism

alarming displays of

attempts to rehabilitate x

avoiding the slippery slope to

climate in society and politics fraught with

danger of fomenting

executive

full-blown

governments in Russia traditionally tend towards

how to save Russia from sliding into

mechanism needed to insure against

methods to resolve particular problems

MG opposed to moves towards

moderate

moves affecting state and public institutions opposed by MG

people have made clear they do not want to live under

politicians seem to be in great demand

potential for

preventing a slide into

probability of transition to

Putin has no intention of establishing

strengthening the structures and machinery of

tendencies towards

autocracy

Auzan, Alexander

Aven, Pyotr

Baburova, Nastya

Bahr, Egon

Baker, James

Baku

Balakovo

ballot-rigging

charter for

Ban Ki-moon

banking system

Baranovsky, Vladimir

Barcelona

Barnaul

Barvikha sanatorium

Bassey, Shirley

Bavaria

Neuschwanstein Castle

Wieskirche

see also Munich; Wildsteig

Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands

Beijing

Bekhtereva, Natalia

Belarus

see also Lukashenko; Minsk

Belgrade

Belo, Carlos Filipe Ximenes

Belomorsk

Belovezha Accords

Belozertsev, Sergey

Beltsy

Belykh, Vadim

Berezovsky, Boris

Beria, Lavrentiy

Berlin

Berlin Wall

Berners-Lee, Sir Timothy

Bertelsmann

Beslan tragedy (2004)

Bessmertnykh, Alexander

Bhutto, Benazir

Biermann, Wolf

billionaires

Bipartisan Commission on US Policy towards Russia

Bismarck, Otto von

Black Sea Fleet

Boeing Commercial Airplanes

Bogomolov, Oleg

Bolshaya Politika (magazine)

Bolshevism

Boltyanskaya, Natella

Bonn

Hotel Petersberg

Villa Hammerschmidt

Bonner (Sakharov), Yelena

Borodin, Pavel Pavlovich

Bosnia-Herzegovina

Bosnian Serbs

Boston

Harvard University

John F. Kennedy Presidential Library

Botswana

Boutros-Ghali, Boutros

Braithwaite, Rodric

Brandt, Willy

Brazil

growth of economic power

Brezhnev, Leonid

BRICS see Brazil; China; India; South Africa

Britain see United Kingdom

British-German Society

Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopaedic Dictionary

Brundtland Commission (1987)

Brussels

see also EU

Brzezinski, Zbigniew

Bulgaria

Bundestag elections

Bunimovich, Yevgeny

Burbulis, Gennadiy

Burlatsky, Fedor

Bush, Barbara

Bush, George H. W.

MG with Helmut Kohl and (Germany 2005)

Bush, George W.

first meeting between Putin and

Bush, Preston

Byelorussia see Belarus

Cabinet of Ministers

abusing the infinite patience of the Russian people

Cairo (Tahrir Square)

California

Fresno

Simi Valley

Stanford

Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament

Canada

MG’s first trip to

see also Mulroney

Candide (Voltaire)

Card, Andrew

Carter, Jimmy

Catherine II (the Great), Empress of Russia

Caucasus

Russia is bound to

United States and

see also Armenia; Chechnya; Dagestan; Georgia; Transcaucasia

Central Bank

Central & Eastern Europe

democratic change

free elections

NATO and

Central Electoral Commission

see also Churov; Veshnyakov

Centre for the Preservation of Contemporary Documentation

Channel One Television

Charan Singh, Chaudhary

Charter of Paris see OSCE

Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Republic

Chechnya

see also Dudaev; Grozny; Zavgaev

‘Chekist methods’

Chelyabinsk

chemical weapons

Chemical Weapons Convention (1993)

Cheney, Dick

Cherkizov, Andrey

Chernenko, Konstantin Ustinovich

Chernobyl disaster (1986)

Chernomyrdin, Viktor Stepanovich

Chernyaev, Anatoly

Chiang Kai-shek

Chicago

Chiesa, Giulietto

Chile

China

dire environmental pollution in many cities

economic power

fight against poverty and backwardness

mudslides

political importance

see also Beijing; Chiang; Chou; Deng; Hu; Jiang; Kuomintang; Qian; Shanghai; Sun; Taiwan; Xinhua; Zhao

Chirac, Jacques

Chou En-Lai ix

Chowdhury, Anwarul

Chubais, Anatoly

Churchill, Winston

Churov, Vladimir

Chuvashia

CIA (US Central Intelligence Agency)

Cinema House

CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States)

establishing: dubious legality of

motive behind

far-reaching consequences for

future of

MG’s commitment ensured peaceful and orderly transition to

no effective institutions capable of controlling economic and political situation

nuclear weapons inherited from Soviet Union

organizing as ‘multi-structural community’

reforms in

Yeltsin, Belarus and Ukraine leaders collude to replace USSR with

Civil Dialogue Forum

civil rights

respected

systematic re-establishment of control over

civil society

active

attacking

building of

coalition with democratic forces of

development of

inhibited

emergence of

establishing

foundation of

global

mature

mobilization of

norms that ensure basic changes in values, actions and attitudes of

politicians ignoring the demands and warnings of

protecting and cultivating the rudiments of

rights of

violation of

role in the struggle against environmental threats

safeguarding the normal operation of

strong, vibrant

climate change

global

threat of

see also global warming;Intergovernmental Panel

Clinton, Bill

Clinton, Hillary

CNN (Cable News Network)

Cold War

division of the world more dangerous than

legacy of

military concepts and doctrines inherited from

overcoming of

Putin practically accused of restarting

scenario very reminiscent of

strategy to move beyond

supposed ‘winning’ of

victory claimed in

Cold War (end of)

burying a philosophy born after

joint efforts

many Americans’ lives changed

MG’s speech at UN

new security procedures for Europe

New Thinking and

opportunities that arose with

processes gaining momentum/ speeded up from

shared victory

Collected Works (MG)

Cologne

Colorado

see also Denver

Comintern

see also Socialist International

Communist League

see also Komsomol

Communist Party of the Russian Federation

choosing not to reject the legacy of Stalinism

see also CPSU

Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (Helsinki 1975)

Congress of People’s Deputies of the USSR

First (1989)

free elections to

Congress of People’s Deputies of the RSFSR/Russian Federation

Constitutional Commission

decree annulling the powers of

privatization of state property within the competence of

Seventh (1992)

Congress of Voters of Russia

Connecticut

Constitutional Convention

Constitutional Court

decisions and workings of

MG’s open letter to

Press Service

threat to have MG brought in handcuffs to

Yeltsin and

Coordinating Council

Copenhagen

UN Climate Change Conference (2009)

corporatization

corruption

chains leading to the top

combating see fight against corruption

democracy and

dismantling the established system

economy based on

extraordinary levels of

flagrant instances recently exposed

government that encourages

large-scale

legal irregularities

need to defeat

Primakov’s intention of taking decisive action against

public expected to see an end to toleration of

rampant

realization that public accountability will destroy

rooted in the regime

Russia’s greatest bane is

sharp rise in

spread to law-enforcement agencies

state crippled by

urgent measures to reduce levels of

Council of Europe

coup (August 1991)

account of MG’s efforts to save the Soviet Union in aftermath

approved

‘charges’ against and attacks on MG in connection with

collapse of state institutions

dropping of criminal proceedings against organizers of

Duma’s decision to amnesty all involved in

first anniversary of

loss of social cohesion after

Party institutions who supported or directly participated in

Soviet Union damaged/destroyed by

Yeltsin’s role in thwarting

CPSU (Communist Party of the Soviet Union)

Central Committee

Congresses

dictatorship of

financial issues

monopoly of power

need for change in the role of

Perestroika seen as radical change from policy of

radicals

reactionaries

reform of

remarkable social democratization of ideology and policies of

shaking off the fetters of

United Russia a shadow/mediocre imitation of

worst bureaucratic features of

see also Trial of the CPSU

Crimea

Criminal Code

criminality

growth of

oligarchic capitalism with a tinge of

rampant

training ground for, and hotbed of

well-supported syndicates

Croatia

Cuba

Cucurnia, Fiammetta

Czech Republic

admission to EU

Obama against deploying anti-ballistic missile systems in

Czechoslovakia

Dagestan

Dalai Lama

Dallas (School Book Depository)

Dangman, Peter

Davos

Dayton Agreement (1995)

De Gaulle, Gen. Charles

De Klerk, F. W.

Deidesheim

democracy

act that would put an end to

amazing triumph of

Arab world and

authorities taking too long to introduce

building

essential institutions of

Chinese leader emotionally inclined to

concept being emasculated

corruption and

country with inadequate experience of

damage to prospects of

decried

devalued gains already made by

developing

dire consequences for

disillusionment with

distressed

effective to reform without the aid of

essential features of

fate of

firm steps on the road of

future of

Gorbachev Foundation immensely important for

imposing

incursions against

intelligentsia and

learning to fight for democracy while practising

managed

mature

MG inclined to from an early age

momentum towards

move away from

moves towards

multilateral efforts to promote the values of

narrowed

new setback for the growth of

nothing automatically safeguarding it from defeat

nurturing

oligarch groups all in favour of curtailing

one of the great achievements of

people have not turned their back on

personification of victory over totalitarianism

political moves and scenarios very remote from

politics increasingly becoming a simulation of

polls show that people want

poverty inseparable from issues of

problem that can be dealt with only through

Putin and

real

rejecting

relationship between socialism and

restricting

retreat from

role of

rolling back in almost all republics

Russia not ready for

seed already sprouted

severely tested

sham

so-called ruling elite takes all the benefits of

sovereign

stability of

state of emergency promised to pave the way for

successful

textbook

transition to

bloodless

undermined

unity candidates as forces of

unreadiness of Russian people for

violation of

wave of

rolling back of

ways of achieving

see also liberal democracy; path of democracy; road to democracy; social democracy

Democratic Party

democratization

breakthrough to

slowing of the move towards

social

Den’ (newspaper)

Deng Xiaoping

Denmark

Denver, Colorado

deposit auctions

Dibrov, Dmitry

dictatorship

calls for

disappeared regimes

of the law

threat of

Diderot, Denis

Dimitrov, Georgi

Dresden (Church of Our Lady)

Dubinin, Sergey

Dubna

Dudaev, Gen. Djohar

Duma see State Duma

Dumas, Roland

Düsseldorf

early elections

conditions for

procedure for

simultaneous

Earth Charter

Earth Council

Earth Dialogues

Brisbane, Australia (2006)

Lyon, France (2002)

Earth Summit (Rio 1992)

East Germany

see also GDR; German reunification

Eastern Europe

democratic changes in

EU and

see also Central & Eastern Europe

Ebadi, Shirin

Echo of Moscow (radio station)

MG interview with Editor-in-Chief (1996)

Economic Club of New York

economic freedom

state regulation and

economic growth

ensuring high rates of

stable

stimulating

economic policy

external factors cannot be used to avoid critical analysis of

fundamental changes in

intelligent

leaders correcting former ways of implementing

needs radical change of direction

see also Gaidar; macroeconomic policy; socio-economic policy

Edinburgh

education

abandoned

access to

backwardness of

basic

chaos in

courses with top foreign specialists

free

funds allocated by the state for

government policy on

grants for the most vulnerable

grounds for very great concern

introducing payment for

Islamic culture and

national campaigns in

need to empower professionals in

plans to privatize

private

problems of

reform of

right to

significant support for

educational institutions

Egypt

see also Cairo

El Baradei, Mohamed

elections

abuse of government administrative resources during campaigns

American presidential

annulment of

assumed absolutely clean

boycotting of

clear intention to distort the campaign

competitive

criticism of

direct

discrediting

Egyptian presidential

even playing-field for all candidates

failure to bring stability

falsification of results

farcical

fated

fixing

funds for campaign

genuine

German Bundestag

government looking for a way to avoid

high-cost, large-scale agitation and propaganda campaign

honest

impossible to accept result of

letters relating to 1996 presidential campaign

low voter turnout in

mafias lending money for

moral and legal standards trampled underfoot

new ways of emasculating

no-choice

noisy and scandalous campaign

nongovernmental organizations excluded from monitoring

party that comes out on top forms the government

possibility of third presidential term for Putin

postponing

predictable

quorum reduced for

Raisa opposed to MG participating (1995)

reshuffle and

result a foregone conclusion

rigged

simultaneous

total unpredictability of results

voters’ trust in

wheezes and techniques to transform

see also ballot-rigging; early elections; fair elections; free elections; new elections

electricity

interruptions in supply

Emory University, Atlanta

environmental issues

global

responding to the challenge

see also climate change; pollution

Erhard, Ludwig

Esquire (magazine)

Estonia

EU (European Union)

Agreement on Partnership and Cooperation between Russian Federation and

anti-dumping lawsuits against Russia

new states admitted

relations between Russia and

see also Council of Europe; European Parliament

European Cultural Foundation

European Economic Community see EU

European Parliament

European Security Council

extremism

conditions for it to flourish

irreconcilable

need to fight

slogans of

Fabian, Lara

fair elections

avoiding

constitutional human right to

demand for

fight for

genuine

guarantees of

international standards for

movement for

need for

none since late 1980s–early 1990s

unpredictability of results

Far East (USSR)

Far East Academy of Social Sciences

Federal Assembly

appointees to both chambers

MG’s call for extraordinary joint session of both houses

President’s annual messages to

Yeltsin’s address on ‘Order’ to

Federal Republic of Germany

first Social Democratic chancellor of

invitations for MG to speak in

Federal State Statistics Service

Federation Council

see also Mironov

Fedorov, Nikolai

Fedorov, Svyatoslav

Fedotov, Mikhail

Feinstein, Dianne

fight against corruption

creating the right climate for

governability closely tied up with

impossible without independent judiciary

intensifying

no decisive measures taken in

pretence of

Putin only beginning to tackle

test for Putin in

Filimonov (White Sea captain)

Finland

Foley, Tom

food

concern about provision of

Forbes Magazine

Foros

Foundation for the Defence of Glasnost

Foundation for the Survival and Development of Humanity

Fradkov, Mikhail

Frahm, Herbert see Brandt

France

vote against draft European Constitution

see also Chirac; De Gaulle; Jospin; Lyon; Marseille; Médecins Sans Frontières; Mitterrand; Montpellier; Morel; Paris; Rocard; Ryzhov; Strasbourg

Franco, Francisco

Frankfurt

free elections

appointment from above has replaced

citizens deprived of giving direct expression of their attitude to state authorities

claim that Communists or Nazis would come to power

guarantees of

movement for

need for

no possibility of conducting

none since late 1980s–early 1990s

free elections reality of

regimes disappeared as the result of

setting up public committees to ensure

unexpected results of

Free Russia People’s Party

Fridman, Mikhail

FSB (Federal Security Bureau)

attempts to give additional powers to

fuel

Fulton, Missouri

Westminster College

fundamentalism

attempts to drag Russia back to totalitarianism

blinkered when confronted by alternatives and the unfamiliar

explanation of the swell of

Furman, Dmitry

G7 (Group of 7) Summit (London 1991)

G8 (Group of 8) Summits

Japan (2008)

St Petersburg (2006)

G20 (Group of 20) Summits

Gaidar, Yegor

Galkin, Alexander

Gamov, Alexander

Gandhi, Sonia

gangsters

Gavrilov, Andrey

Gazprom

Gazprom-Media

GDP (Gross Domestic Product)

GDR (German Democratic Republic)

first major West German politician to visit

reunification issues

torchlight procession on 40th anniversary of

see also Maizière

Gelman, Alexander

Geneva

Genscher, Barbara

Genscher, Hans-Dietrich

MG with Kissinger and (1993)

Georgia (former Soviet republic)

see also Abkhazia; Saakashvili; South Ossetia; Tbilisi

Georgia (US state) see Atlanta; Emory University

Gerashchenko, Viktor

Gergiev, Valeriy

German reunification

celebrations of the 20th anniversary

constructive position on

demand of GDR citizens for

German longing for

inevitable consequence of

MG’s contribution to

Germany see Adenauer; Bahr; Bavaria; Berlin; Bismarck; Bonn; Brandt; Bundestag; Dresden; Frankfurt; Genscher; Hamburg; Kohl; Lafontaine; Merkel; North Rhine-Westphalia; Passau; Rau; Schaumburg; Schmidt; Schröder; Weizsäcker; also under East Germany; Federal Republic; German reunification; Nazi Germany; West Germany

Ghana

Glasgow

Glasnost

attacked

backing away from

celebration of

principles of

real channel of communication for

retrenched

throttled

transparency in all society’s doings

see also Foundation for the Defence of Glasnost

Glaziev, Sergey

global warming

blame for

globalization

challenges of

negative aspects of

unilateral

unregulated spread of

wave of

Glukhomanyuk, G.

Goldansky, Vitaliy

Golubovsky, Dmitry

Goncharov, V. S.

Gontmakher, Yevgeny

Gopkalo, Panteley Yefimovich (MG’s maternal grandfather)

Gorbachev, Andrey M. (grandfather of MG)

Gorbachev Foundation

aid to Russian organizations through

audit of financial records

conferences at

daughter Irina as vice-president

discussions and research at

first reports

globalization and

joint project between New Eurasia Foundation, Moscow School Economics and

Kissinger at

MG with Leonid Abalkin and Vadim Medvedev (1999)

money transferred to Red Cross

motto of

offices cordoned off and sealed by police

official launch of (1992)

opening of new building (Moscow 2000)

press conference (2010)

protest against government abuse of power

publication of Astafiev’s Russkii Almaz supported by

Raisa and MG (1998)

relations with Japanese universities and research institutes

round-table discussions at

various events/institutions: Breakthrough to Freedom and Democracy report

Civic Dialogue Forum (2010)

First Five-Year Plan

Press Service

Russia’s Self-Determination

Social Science Centre

White Paper (1985)

Gorbacheva, Ksenia (granddaughter of MG/RG)

Gorbacheva, Raisa Maximovna (wife of MG)

respect for

see also Raisa Gorbachev Children’s Institute; Virganskaya

Gorbacheva-Virganskaya, Irina M. (daughter of MG/RG)

celebration of 80th birthday of MG (2011)

with MG and editor-in-chief at Novaya Gazeta offices (2000)

Gorky, Maxim

Gorvitz, Vladislav

Gosplan (USSR’s State Planning Agency)

Govorukhin, Stanislav

Grachev, Pavel

Grechko, Georgiy

Green Cross International

see also Earth Dialogues; Water for the World

greenhouse gas emissions

Greens

Grinberg, Ruslan

Grozny

Gryzlov, Boris

Guardian (newspaper)

Gujral, Inder Kumar

Gusinsky, Vladimir

Gütersloh

Gvishiani, Dzhermen

Habomai Islands

Haematologists of the World for Children

Hagel, Chuck

Hagen, Eva-Maria

Hagen, Nina

Hague, The (Peace Palace)

Hamburg

House of the Press

Inner Alster lake

Institute for Peace Research and Security Policy

Ohlsdorf cemetery

St Michaelis Church

Hart, Gary

Harvard University

healthcare

access to

backwardness of

basic

chaos in

free

funds allocated by the state for

government policy on

introducing payment for

national campaigns in

plans to privatize or semi-privatize

reforms of

heat

concern about provision of

fuel and

Heath, Edward

heatwaves

Help Without Frontiers

Hero Cities of World War II

Heyerdahl, Thor

Higher School of Economics

Higsons (relief suppliers)

Hitler, Adolf

housing

affordable

right to

Hu Jintao

human rights

basic

constitutional

fundamental

international acceptance of

promotion of

recognized as wholly fundamental

see also Kovalev, Sergey

Humanitas association

Hungary

admission to EU

Hurd, Douglas

Hurricane Katrina (US 2005)

Hussein, King of Jordan

Hvorostovsky, Dmitry

hydroelectric power stations

hyperinflation

ideology

artificial parties devoid of

bureaucratic command system doomed to serve

communism as

confrontational

conservatism as

evolution of

government entirely lacking

meaningful

remarkable social democratization of

rigid

some things more important than

Stalinist

unipolar world

Ikeda, Daisaku

Illarionov, Andrey

Ilyin, Ivan

Ilyukhin, Viktor

incomes

CPSU

decent

fall in

living standards and

low

middle

officials in the bloated Russian bureaucracy

see also pensions; salaries; wages

India

fight against poverty and backwardness

growth of economic power

nuclear weapons

unprecedented drought

see also Charan Singh; Gandhi;Gujral

Indonesia

Inozemtsev, Vladislav

Institute of Paediatric Haematology

Interfax (News Agency)

MG’s interviews for

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaties (1987)

International Criminal Court (UN)

International Foundation for Socio-Economic and Political Studies see Gorbachev Foundation

International Herald Tribune

International Labour Organization (UN)

International Monetary Fund

International Red Cross

international terrorism

Internet

aspirations to gain control over

Civil Dialogue Forum portal

hoaxes manufactured for release onto

trolls on

vile rumours about MG on

Iran

Iraq

missile strikes against

US invasion (2003)

see also Saddam

Irkutsk

Iron Curtain

taking down of

Ishkov, Yury Andreyevich

Islam

confrontation between international community and

unpredictability of

Israel–Palestine conflict

see also Arab–Israeli conflict; Peres

Italy

Ministry of Foreign Affairs

see also Andreotti; Cucurnia; Panorama; Repubblica; Rome; Stampa; Turin

ITAR-TASS (news agency)

Izvestiya

battle raging to take over

see also Latsis

Japan

G8 Summit (2008)

invitations for MG to speak in

see also Asahi Shimbun; Ikeda; Kaifu; Kyoto; Miyazawa; Nakasone; Ogata; Soka Gakkai; Soviet–Japanese Declaration; Tokyo

Jaruzelski, Wojciech

Jiang Weiguo, Gen.

Jiang Zemin

jihad

Johannesburg

Joint Institute for Nuclear Research

Jordan see Abdullah; Hussein

Jospin, Lionel

Kadyshevsky, Vladimir

Kaifu, Toshiki

Kamerer, Alina

Kantemirovka

Kapitsa, Sergey

Kapustin, Konstantin

Karamzin, Nikolai

Karplyuk, Andrey

Kasumov, T. A.

Katyn massacre (1940)

Kazakhstan

see also Nazarbayev

Kazan

Kazinik, Mikhail

Kemerovo

Kennan, George

Kennedy, Jackie

Kennedy, John F.

see also Boston (John F. Kennedy Presidential Library)

Kennedy, Ted

Kentucky

Keynes, John Maynard

KGB (Committee for State Security)

see also FSB

Khasavyurt agreement (1996)

Khasbulatov, Ruslan

Khodorkovsky, Mikhail

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeyevich

Khrushcheva, Nina

Kiev

Kim Dae-jung

King, Larry

Kipyatkov, Ruslan Nikolaevich

Kirchmeier, Fr Georg

Kirienko, Sergey

Kirov engineering complex

Kissinger, Henry

MG with Genscher and (1993)

Kohl, Hannelore

Kohl, Helmut

blatantly libellous allegations against MG and

MG With Bush Snr and (Germany 2005)

Komsomol

Komsomolskaya Pravda

see also Gamov

Korchagin, Sergey

Korea see North Korea; South Korea

Korzhakov, Alexander

Kosachev, Konstantin

Koshulko (letter-writer)

Kosovo

Kostikov, Vyacheslav

Kovalev, Sergey

Kovalev, V.

Kozak, Dmitry

Kozyrev, Andrey

Krasin, Yury

Krasnaya Presnya

Krasnoyarsk

Kravchuk, Leonid

Kremlin

court favourites

criticism of

keeping an increasingly dysfunctional individual in

policy of ‘containing’ democracy

political technology’

triumphalism and war cries

Kremlin and MG

last day

meeting Putin (2001)

Order of St Andrew presentation (2012)

talks with leaders of Serbia and Croatia (1991)

Kremlin Hospital

Kronstadt

MG and head of administration

Krutoy, Igor

Kryuchkov, Vladimir

Kucher, Stanislav

Kulczyk, Jan

Kulikov, Anatoly

Kuomintang

Kursk (Khimvolokno factory)

Kursk (submarine)

Kuvaldin, Viktor

Kuzminov, Yaroslav

Kyoto Protocol

Kyrgyzstan

Lafontaine, Oskar

Lahore

Latin America

see also Argentina; Brazil; Chile

Latsis, Otto

Latvia

Lavrov, Kirill

law see rule of law

lawlessness

decency replaced by

rampant

total

LDP (Liberal Democratic Party)

see also Zhirinovsky

Lebed, Alexander

Lebedev, Alexander

Legacy Programme

Lehman Brothers

Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich

Leontiev, Konstantin

Lermontov, Mikhail

Levada, Pavel

liberal democracy

Life and Reforms (MG) see Memoirs

Likhachev, Dmitry

Likhotal, Alexander

Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

Lisov, Gen. Yevgeny

Literaturnaya Gazeta

Lithuania

see also Vilnius

living standards

decent

stagnated

unacceptably large gap between incomes and

Livshits, Alexander

loans-for-shares auctions

Loginov, Vladlen

Logvenchev, P.

London

G7 Summit (1991)

Royal Albert Hall

London Symphony Orchestra

Los Angeles

Lubbers, Ruud

Luchich, Svetlana

Lukashenko, Alexander

Lukianov, Anatoly

Lukin, Vladimir

Luzhkov, Yury

Lyon

Lyubimov, Yury

Maastricht Treaty (1993)

Maathai, Wangari

macroeconomic policy

total failure of

mafias

Maguire, Mairead Corrigan

Mahathir Mohamad

Maizière, Lothar de

Major, John

Makarevich, Andrey

Makashov, Gen. Albert

Malaysia

see also Mahathir

Malikova, Irina

manufacturing sector

Mao Zedong

Margelov, Mikhail

Markelov, Stanislav

market failure

market forces

no serious alternative in the Russian economy

Marseille

Marshalkovski, Teo-Teodor

Martynov, Vladlen

Martynova, Yelena

Maslyukov, Yury

Matlock, Jack F.

Matser, Fred

Maximov, Vladimir

McCain, John

Médecins Sans Frontières

Media-Most (holding company)

medical care

essential

publicly available

right to

see also healthcare

medicine

urgently needed

Medvedev, Dmitry

Medvedev, Roy

Medvedev, Vadim

megaphone diplomacy

Memoirs/Life and Reforms (MG)

Menchú, Rigoberta

Merkel, Angela

Merkulov, Vsevolod

Merritt, Sharon Sweeney

Metro (Russian newspaper)

Mezhuyev, Vadim

Middle East see Egypt; Iran; Iraq; Israel–Palestine conflict; Jordan; Syria; Turkey

Mikhalkov, Nikita

Millennium Development Goals

Milošević, Slobodan

Ministries

Defence

Economy

Education

Finance

Foreign

Interior

Justice

Security

Minsk

Minsk Protocol (2014)

Mironov, Sergey

Missouri see Fulton; St Louis

Mitterrand, François

Miyazawa, Kiichi

Mlynář, Zdeněk

Moiseyev, Nikita

Mokacheva, Tamara

Moldova

Molodaya Gvardiya (youth group)

monetarism

hardline

radical

monetization

impact of

principal ideologist of

money supply

restriction of

monopolies

economy crippled by

political

tough laws should be passed to prevent

see also monopoly of leadership; monopoly of power; natural monopolies

monopoly of leadership

unwisdom of the pursuit of

monopoly of power

mechanism for maintaining

need to reduce

preventing any individual or group from gaining

undermined

Montpellier

Moore, Mike

Moral Lessons of the Twentieth Century (MG/Ikeda)

Morel, Pierre

Moscow

academic and artistic organizations and public figures

apartment blocks blown up by unidentified criminals

Biermann singing in

Chernobyl victims rally in

clamp-down on the press

criminal escapade rejected by citizens of

debate raging over Putin and Medvedev

former hardline communist boss of

letter-writers to MG from

MG meeting with Yevgeny

Yevtushenko and Katrina Vanden Heuvel (1992)

press conferences in

protests/demonstrations in

state of emergency declared in

venues/locations: Art Theatre

Bolotnaya Square

Cinema House

Interior Ministry

Kosygin Street

Leningrad Prospekt

Manezh Central Exhibition Hall

Manezh Square

Mayor’s Office

Metro

Non-Fiction Book Exhibition, MG book signing (2008)

Organizational Bureau of Russian Communist Workers Party

Ostankino Television Centre

Prosecutor General’s Office

Sakharov Prospekt

Swedish Embassy

Taganka Theatre

United Social Democratic Party of Russia (2001)

US Embassy

visitors to: Adenauer

Annan

Bush Snr

Jaruzelski

Jiang Weiguo

Kohl

Obama

Shultz

Wałęsa

see also Echo of Moscow; Gorbachev Foundation; Kremlin; State Duma; Supreme Soviet; White House

Moscow City Council

Committee on Housing Policy

ombudsman for children

Moscow Helsinki Group

Moscow International University

Moscow School of Economics

Moscow State University

MG answering students’ questions (2010)

Moskovskiye Novosti

real channel of communication for Glasnost and Perestroika

Moskovsky Komsomolets

Mulally, Alan

Mulroney, Brian

Munich

Conference on Security Policy (2007)

Max-Joseph-Platz

Town Hall on Marienplatz

Muratov, Dmitry

murders

innumerable monuments to mass murderers

Nakasone, Yasuhiro

Naryshkin, Sergey

Nashi (youth group)

Natasha (letter-writer)

Nation, The (US magazine)

National Children’s Hospital

National Constitution Center, US (Liberty Medal 2008)

National Investment Council

nationalism

crude

euphoric

extreme

normal

see also ultra-nationalism

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

decisions to strengthen military presence in countries adjacent to Russia

expansion of

consequences of

Russia’s objection to continuing enlargement of

time the West’s leaders stopped trying to draw Ukraine into

see also North Atlantic Council

NATO-Russia Council

natural monopolies

natural resources

country needs systematic tax on

dependence on

exports of

depletion of

shortages of

squandered

where best to apply revenues from

Nazarbayev, Nursultan

Nazi Germany

see also Hitler

Nekipelov, Alexander

Nemtsov, Boris

neo-Bolshevism

neo-conservatives

neo-liberalism

radical

neo-Stalinism

Netherlands

vote against draft European Constitution

new elections

annulment and

need for

New Eurasia Foundation

New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (Prague 2010)

New Thinking

basic postulates of

principles of

relevance of

see also Understanding Perestroika (MG)

New Times

New York

Council on Foreign Relations

Millennium Summit (2000)

State of the World Forum (2000)

UN General Assembly (1986)

World Trade Center attack (2001)

see also Economic Club

New York Times

Newsday

Newsweek

Nezavisimaya Gazeta

Nigeria

Nikonov, Alexander

Nixon, Richard M. ix

Nizhny Novgorod

Nobel Peace Prize

World Summit of Laureates

North Atlantic Council

North Korea

North Rhine-Westphalia

see also Cologne; Düsseldorf; Gütersloh

Northern Hemisphere heatwaves

Norway

see also Heyerdahl

Novaya Gazeta

MG, Irina G-V and Editor-in-Chief at offices of (2000)

murder of journalist

see also Muratov

Novgorod

Novosibirsk

Akademgorodok/Stankosib factory

Novosti see Moskovskiye Novosti; RIA Novosti

Novo-Ogarevo

NTV (independent television station)

attack launched against

subjected to systematic siege

Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (1968)

Nuclear Threat Initiative

nuclear weapons

banning

countries which tested (late 1990s)

eliminating

idea of a world without

inherited

MG’s call for radical reduction of

need to repudiate

problem of

renounced

securely under control

tactical

see also arms race; Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty; Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty; Nuclear Threat Initiative; START; weapons of mass destruction

Nunn, Sam

Nurgaliev, Rashid

Obama, Barack

open letter from MG to Putin and

Obshchaya Gazeta

Occupy Wall Street movement

Ogata, Sadako

Ohio

oil prices

Okudzhava, Bulat

oligarchs

courts being bought by

dominance of

relationship between government and

Omsk

Political Education Club

Operation Successor

Orenburg Province

OSCE (Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe)

Charter of Paris for a New Europe (1990)

Ostroumov, Georgiy

Oswald, Lee Harvey

Our Home is Russia Party

Owen, David, Lord

Paderborn

Pakistan

see also Bhutto; Lahore

Palazhchenko, Pavel

Palme, Olof

Panikin, Alexander

Pankin, Alexey

Panorama (Italian weekly)

Panteley see Gopkalo

Parfenov, Leonid

Paris

MG and RG on Seine boat trip

see also Charter of Paris

Party of Social Democracy

Passau

path of democracy

danger that Russia might turn aside from

example to all countries following

more straightforward

Patrushev, Nikolai

Pavlov, Valentin

Pavlovsky, Gleb

Peace with Water conference (Brussels 2009)

pensions

arrears of

backlog of

increased

meagre

millions of people not paid for months

minimum level of

monetization and

non-payment of

restricting money supply by failing to pay

Peres, Shimon

Perestroika

abandonment of

achievements of

assessment of

beginning of

twentieth anniversary of

blamed for hours of queuing and empty shelves

businesses started during

China-USSR relations and

crucial legacy of

defending

disruption of

exhibition of

foreign policy of

free thinking during

furious resistance to

humane character of

ideals of

impact of

intelligentsia reaction during

interrupted

motto of

new setback for growth of democracy initiated by

newspaper edited by longstanding opponent of

not seen through

offspring of

one of the main lessons of

opposition to

philosophy of

problems for

real channel of communication for

reflecting on the experience of

Russo-Japanese relations and

slight directed at

Thatcher’s support for

victory of

vilification of

see also Understanding Perestroika (MG)

Pérez Esquivel, Adolfo

Perot, Ross

Perry, William

Pershin, Andrey

Petersburg-Channel

Petersburg cronies approach

Petersburg Dialogue

Petrakov, Nikolai

Petukhov, Vladimir

Philadelphia

Philippines

Pillor, Mark

Pipes, Richard

Poland

admission to EU

documents about shooting of prisoners of war

letter from MG to Marshal and deputies of the Sejm

Obama against deploying anti-ballistic missile systems in

see also Jaruzelski; Katyn; Kulczyk; Rakowski

Politburo

documents about shooting of Polish prisoners of war

Top Secret minutes of meetings

pollution

citizens protesting about

dire in many Chinese cities

see also greenhouse gas emissions

Poltoranin, Mikhail

Poptsov, Oleg

Portugal

see also Soares

Potanin, Vladimir

poverty

attacking

eradication of

extreme

fighting

huge numbers plunged into

majority are living in

mass

millions lifted out of

most vulnerable sections of population condemned to

overcoming

people humiliated by

reducing the glaring gaps between wealth and

substantial increase in risk of

vast majority sink into

widespread

see also poverty line; poverty threshold; problem of poverty

poverty line

population below

two-thirds of Russian people living on

poverty threshold

population sliding towards

reviewed and raised

Powell, Colin

Pozner, Vladimir

Prague Spring (1968)

Presidential Messenger (Interfax)

price liberalization

price rises

rapid

world market

see also oil prices

Primakov, Yevgeny

private enterprise

expected to play major role

privatization

absolutely everything

considered iniquitous

education

Gorbachev apartment

growth of

healthcare

indiscriminate

inefficient

‘popular’

pushed through

‘ridiculous’

state’s supreme power

swift

voucher scheme

Yeltsin’s unheard-of stunt

Privolnoye

MG in (2005)

problem of poverty

democracy fails to address

Prokhanov, Alexander

Prosecution Service

Prosecutor-General’s Office

see also Skuratov

protectionism

Public Anti-Crisis Initiative

Putin, Vladimir Vladimirovich

anti-terrorist coalition cooperation

beginning of post-Soviet history with

election issues

meeting between G. W. Bush and

first priority for

knowledgeable as deputy mayor of St Petersburg

MG meeting at Kremlin (2001)

named by Yeltsin as his successor

Obama’s long conversation with

open letter from MG to Obama and

overtures towards the United States

Petersburg Dialogue

popularity of

presidential immunity for Yeltsin by special decree signed by

setting up all sorts of fronts

specifically Russian kind of political expertise and willpower

speeches quoting conservative Russian philosophers

support for

talk on television after Bolotnaya Square

tone adopted in speeches by

Valdai Club speech (2013)

Putina, Lyudmila

Qian Qichen

Rabochaya Tribuna (newspaper)

Rachmaninov, Sergey

Raisa Gorbachev Children’s Institute of Transplantology and Haematology

Rakowski, Mieczyslaw

Ramos-Horta, José

Rau, Johannes

Raushenbakh, Boris Viktorovich

Reagan, Nancy

Reagan, Ronald

MG meeting with (1992)

Presidential Library

recession

Red Cross see International Red Cross

referendums

law on

Reflections on the Past and Future (MG)

religious fanaticism

Repubblica (Italian newspaper)

Revenko, Grigoriy

Reykjavik Summit (1986)

RIA Novosti (news agency)

MG’s relationship with

Rice, Condoleezza

rights see civil rights; human rights

Rio de Janeiro see Earth Summit

Ritter, Mark Steven

road to democracy

country that had advanced along

obstacles on

Rocard, Michel

Rodina, Yelena

Rokossovsky, Konstantin

Roman law

Romania

Romashin, Anatoly

Rome

Romney, Mitt

Roosevelt, Franklin D.

Rossiyskaya Gazeta

MG accused of forming anti-Yeltsin alliance

Rostov-on-Don

see also Volgodonsk

Rotblat, Sir Joseph

Rozov, Viktor

RSFSR (Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic)

Law on Privatization of the Housing Stock

Rudnev, Valeriy

rule of law

construction of state living under

establishment of

impossible Without impartial courts, without justice

introduced step at a time

more equitable international order based on

people demanding return to

strengthening of

Rumyantsev, Oleg

RUSDP (Russian United Social Democratic Party)

Russia’s Choice Party

Russian Academy of Sciences

Corresponding Members

Far East Branch

Institute of Socio-Political Research

Solzhenitsyn’s funeral service

Russian Communist Workers Party

Russian Federation

Agreement on Partnership and Cooperation between EU and

Audit Department of Finance Ministry

Constitution of

Financial Academy

‘freeing’ of prices

guarantees of immunity for the president

honest elections

leaders opt for disintegration

no assistance/interest from ambassadors to MG

path to normal state governance

prevention of attempts by MG to leave

simplified procedure for registering political parties

unitary act which encompasses all educational institutions in

Yeltsin’s decrees

see also Communist Party; Constitutional Court; RSFSR; Supreme Soviet

Russian language status

Russian Orthodox Church

Russian PEN Centre

Russian Security Council

Russian Union of Journalists

Russkii Almaz (Astafiev)

Rutskoy, Alexander

Ryazan

Voters Club

Ryzhkov, Vladimir

Ryzhov, Yury

Saakashvili, Mikheil

Saarland

Sachs, Jeffrey

Saddam Hussein

Sadovnichy, Viktor

Sakharov, Andrey Dmitrievich

salaries

average

improving

overdue

restricting money supply by failing to pay

tiny

unpaid for months

wretchedly low

see also wages

Samara

MG meeting the voters

San Francisco

Saraskina, Lyudmila

Saratov

Sarkisyan, Pavel

savings

effectively expropriated

lost

rendered worthless

Scandinavian countries

see also Denmark; Norway; Sweden

Schaumburg Palace

Schmidt, Helmut

Schröder, Gerhard

Schwab, Klaus

Schwarzenegger, Arnold

science

abandoned

advancing

funds allocated by the state for

Islamic culture and

need to empower professionals in

significant support for

Scorpions, The

Scowcroft, Brent

SDPR (Social Democratic Party of Russia)

secret police

see also FSB

Seine, River

Serbia

see also Belgrade

Serebryakova, Zoya

Sevastopol

Shadurskaya, Yelena Georgievna

Shakhnazarov, Georgiy

Shakhrai, Sergey

Shanghai

Shatalin, Stanislav

Shatrov, Mikhail

Shchekino Method

Shchelkov

Shchelkovo

Shevardnadze, Eduard

Shevchuk, Yury

Sheynis, Viktor

Shikotan Island

shock therapy

compliments on

failure of

intelligentsia largely in favour of

perpetrators of

unacceptability of

shortages

complaints about

elimination of

global

terrible

Shultz, George

Shushkevich, Stanislav

Shuvalov, Igor

Siberia

Yenisey River

Siege of Leningrad (1941–4)

Simonov, Alexey

Sinyavsky, Andrey

Sisakyan, Alexey

Sixth World Water Forum (Marseille 2012)

Skuratov, Yury

Slavin, Boris

Slawutzkaja, Mirra

Slovakia

small- and medium-sized businesses

assisting

encouragement of

enormous hurdles faced by

flourishing of

relations should be developed through

supporting

Smena (magazine)

Smolensky, Alexander

Soares, Mário

Sobchak, Anatoly

social democracy

high priorities for

international

need for party professing the ideals of

outstanding thinkers within

Russia needs

values of

Social Democratic parties

British

German

Russian see

Islamic doctrines strongly advocate

pointed questions asked about

Social Science Institute see CPSU (Central Committee)

social stratification

acute

worsening

social welfare

ensuring the necessary level of safeguards

fundamental provision undermined

safety net

unsatisfactory

socialism

collapse of system that was called

critical thinking about

democratic

dogmatic understanding imposed

Lenin’s comments on

MG’s understanding and rethinking of

national

Perestroika as process of renewing

relationship between democracy and

Stalinism disguised as

system created in USSR under the banner of

values of

Socialist International

socio-economic policy

Soka Gakkai (Japanese religious political movement)

Solzhenitsyn, Alexander Isayevich

Solzhenitsyna, Natalia Dmitrievna

South Africa

see also Johannesburg; Zuma

South Korea

see also Kim Dae-jung

South Ossetia

abolition of autonomy for

independence recognized by Russia

see also Tskhinvali

Sovetskaya Rossiya (newspaper)

Soviet–German treaty (1990)

Soviet–Japanese Declaration (1956)

Soviet republics (former)

democratic elections held for first time

leaders of

ties between

troops in

see also Armenia; Belarus; Chechnya; Estonia; Georgia; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Latvia; Lithuania; Moldova; Tajikistan; Ukraine; Uzbekistan

Spacey, Kevin

Spain

see also Barcelona; Franco

Spenier, Donald E.

Speransky, Mikhail

spy scandals

St Louis, Missouri

St Petersburg

letters to MG from

protests widespread in

Putin as deputy mayor

reported ‘death’ of MG in

RG and MG visit for the last time

supplies of food and medicines to

venues/events: Actors Club of the Union of Theatre Workers

Baltika factory

Bolshoy Drama Theatre

Conference of Social Democrats (1999)

Economic Forum

G8 Summit

Kshesinskaya’s Palace

Mariinsky Palace

Raisa Gorbacheva Centre for Paediatric Oncology and Haematology

see also Kornstadt; Petersburg Dialogue

St Petersburg Pedagogical University

St Petersburg State University

stagnation

belief that people will put up with

characterized

generational change avoids

industrial

living standards of the majority

need for reforms during the years of

new era of

political

Stalin, Joseph Vissarionovich

calls to bring back

cleansing socialism of the totalitarian legacy of

concern at creeping rehabilitation of

documentary evidence of guilt for Katyn massacre

Stalinism

dogmatic thinking and ideological stereotypes

first blow to the ideology of

hardline

heinous crimes of

legacy of

MG one of the staunchest opponents of the evils of

one of the first to speak out about the inhumanity of

rejecting

repressive machinery of

Russian social democracy perverted and compromised by

victims of repression

see also neo-Stalinism

Stampa, La (Italian newspaper)

see also Chiesa

standard of living see living standards

Stanford University

START (Strategic Arms Reduction Treaties – 1991/1993)

see also New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty

State Council

State Duma

Committees: Economic Policy

Legislation and Judicial and Legal Reform

delays in trying to get it to pass anticorruption law

entrance barrier for parties to be admitted to

essential that there should be changes in organization of elections

initiatives from United Russia, exploiting its majority in

parties enabled to funnel ‘right people’ into

presidential ‘reshuffle’ and elections

pretext for dissolving

Putin’s participation in campaign

question of removing Yeltsin from office

rubber-stamping body

seats dished out or simply sold

Stalin extolled by chairman of

START-2 Treaty and

State Emergency Committee

Impeachment Commission supporters of

investigations into

political and economic amnesty to members

trial of members

see also coup (August 1991)

State Prosecutor’s Office

Stavropol

dust storms

medical equipment to hospitals in the region

MG sacks bribe-takers in the militia

Stavropol Agricultural Institute

Steele, Jonathan

Stepankov, Valentin

Stepashin, Sergey

Stockholm

Stockholm International Peace Research Institute

Stone, Oliver

Stone, Sharon

Strasbourg

Strauss, Bob

Strong, Maurice

Strzhelchik, Vladislav

Sun Yat-sen

Supreme Soviet of Russia

approval of destruction of the Union

CNN cameras broadcasting live from blocks adjacent to

decree annulling the powers of

friction between Yeltsin’s team and

irreconcilable stand-off between president and

popular privatization plans by academics in

Presidium chairman of

privatization of state property within the competence of

resolutions of

right to issue statutory decrees

shelling of

tragedy brought about by leaders of

see also Congress of People’s Deputies of the USSR

Surikov, Viktor

Surkov, Vladislav

Sverdlovsk

Sweden

Moscow Embassy

see also Palme; Stockholm

Swiss bank accounts

Switzerland

see also Davos; Geneva

Syr Darya river

Syria

Taffertshofer, Josef

Taganka Theatre

Tagliavini Commission (2009)

Taiwan

Tajikistan

TASS see ITAR-TASS

Taubman, Bill

tax avoidance schemes

tax evasion

large-scale

Tbilisi

Telen, Lyudmila

telephone justice

terrorism

anyone can become the victim of

condemnation of

conditions for it to flourish

criminal

essential to destroy a hotbed of

fight against

harsh measures necessary to combat

mass poverty facilitates the spread of

rampant

see also anti-terrorist coalition; extremism; fundamentalism; international terrorism; religious fanaticism

Thatcher, Denis

Thatcher, Margaret

Time Machine

Titov, Konstantin

Tkachenko, Alexander

Togliatti, Palmiro

Togliatti (city)

Tokyo

Tolstykh, Valentin

Tolubeyev, Andrey

totalitarianism

attempts to drag Russia back to

breaking free of

CP leaders yet to break umbilical link with

disappeared regimes

downfall of

eliminated

Khrushchev’s attack on

legacy of

methods nowhere proved efficient

not repudiated

personification of victory of democracy over

return to

Solzhenitsyn’s contribution to overcoming

transition to democracy

waging war on

Transcaucasia

Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (1990)

Trial of the CPSU

controversy surrounding

provocative intentions of those who set up

Trifonova, N. A.

Trimble, David

Troyanovsky, Oleg

Tskhinvali

Tuđman, Franjo

Tuleyev, Aman

Tunisia

Turetsky Choir

Turin

Turkey

Turner, Ted

MG with (2009)

see also CNN; Nuclear Threat Initiative

Twitter

Ufa

Ukraine

anti-Russian sentiment and behaviour encouraged in

crisis precipitated by association agreement with EU

letters to MG from

Orange Revolution (2004–5)

relationship between Russia and

relief supplies to

see also Crimea; Kiev; Kravchuk; Minsk Protocol; Yanukovych

Ulan-Ude

ultra-nationalism

attempts to drag Russia back to totalitarianism

Nastya Baburova’s killers sentenced to long terms of imprisonment

Umalatova, Sazha

Umansky, Artur

UN (United Nations)

Charter of

Climate Change Conference (Copenhagen 2009)

Conference on Environment and Development see Earth Summit

Convention on the Elimination of Chemical Weapons

Environment Programme

General Assembly

Geneva Office

Millennium Summit (2000)

Secretaries-General see Annan; Ban; Boutros-Ghali; Sachs

Security Council

see also International Criminal Court; Kyoto Protocol; International Labour Organization; UNESCO; UNHCR; UNICEF

Understanding Perestroika (MG)

unemployment

mass

UNESCO (UN Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization)

UNHCR (UN High Commissioner for Refugees)

UNICEF (UN Children’s Fund)

Union Could Have Been Saved, The (white paper)

Union of Right Forces

Union of Social Democrats

Union of Sovereign States

United Kingdom

Chequers

MG in Parliament (1984)

see also Aberdeen; Braithwaite; Churchill; Edinburgh; Glasgow; Heath; Hurd; London; Major; Owen; Steele; Thatcher

United Russia Party

exploiting its majority in Duma

shadow/mediocre imitation of CPSU

shameless behaviour by

United Social Democratic Party of Russia

inaugural congress (2001)

joint theory and practice conference (201)

United States

chemical weapons

financial and economic crisis

foreign policy

invitations for MG to speak in

mass protest movements

military spending and budget deficits

mistake that would have immense negative consequences for

obesity sufferers

Putin’s overtures towards

relations with Russia

role in the world

strategic arsenals of Russia and

Yeltsin going to

see also Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty; Baker; Bipartisan Commission; Brzezinski; Bush; Cheney; Emory; Harvard; International Herald Tribune; Kennan; Kennedy; King; Kissinger; Lukin; Matlock; New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty; New York; Nixon; Nunn; Obama; Occupy Wall Street; Perot; Perry; Powell; Reagan; Rice; Roosevelt; Scowcroft; Shultz; Stanford; START; Strauss; US National Security Strategy; Vance; Wall Street Journal; Washington; Weinberger

US Embassy (Moscow)

US National Security Strategy

USSR State Bank

Uzbekistan

Vagina, Irina

Valdai Club

Valikova, A. P.

Vance, Cyrus

Vanden Heuvel, Katrina

Vandysheva, Olga

Veber, Alexander

Velikhov, Yevgeny

Venediktov, A. A.

Vermont

Veshnyakov, Alexander

Victoria, Queen of Great Britain & Ireland

Vidyaevo

Vietnam

Vilnius

Virganskaya, Anastasiya (granddaughter of MG/RG)

Virganskaya, Irina see Gorbacheva-Virganskaya

Virganskaya, Sasha (great-granddaughter of MG/RG)

Virginia

Vladimir (city)

Cathedrals of the Assumption and St Dmitry

Vladimirskaya, Yelena Borisovna

Vladivostok

Vlasov, Yury

Vodolazov, Grigoriy

Voice of Russia (radio network)

Volga region

environmental impact of hydroelectric power stations

not granting autonomous status to Germans

Volgodonsk

Volgograd

laying of wreaths at Mamai Kurgan

MG meeting the voters

Volta River Basin

Voronezh Province

Voznesensky, Andrey

Vysotsky, Vladimir

Wadongo, Evans

wages

backlog of

living

millions of people not paid for months

minimum level of

non-payment of

not received for six months or more

overdue

paid on time

rising

Wałęsa, Lech

Wall Street Journal

War Communism

Washington, DC

Jamestown Foundation Conference (1999)

North Atlantic Council (1999)

Treaty on the Elimination of Intermediate- and Shorter-Range Missiles

see also American University

Washington Consensus

Washington Post

Water for the World conference (2002)

weapons of mass destruction

fuelling the urge to acquire

reduction and elimination of

ridding the world of

see also chemical weapons

Weinberger, Caspar

Weizsäcker, Richard von

West Germany

diplomatic relations between USSR and

post-war development of

Willy Brandt’s New Eastern Policy

see also German reunification

White House (Moscow)

assault on

hundreds of people killed in

mass beatings of citizens in approaches to

sealed off by troops and armoured vehicles

Yeltsin standing on tank outside

Wildsteig

Williams, Betty

Williams, Jody

Wilmes, Maria

Workers’ Russia

World Commission on Environment and Development (1987) see Brundtland Commission

World Economic Forum (Davos 2010)

World Political Forum

inaugural conference (Turin 2003)

World Trade Organization

see also Moore; Rocard

Xinhua News Agency

Yabloko Party

Yablonka, Ivan

Yagodkin, Alexander

Yakovlev, Alexander Nikolaevich

Yakovlev, Yegor Vladimirovich

Yanaev, Gennadiy

Yanukovych, Viktor

Yasin, Yevgeny

Yavlinsky, Grigoriy

Years of Difficult Decisions (MG)

Yedinaya Rossiya see United Russia Party

Yefremov, Oleg

Yegides, Petr

Yekaterinburg

Yeltsin, Boris Nikolayevich

actions seen as attempted coup d’état

appointment of Putin announced by

Belovezha collusion

booze-up in MG’s office to celebrate victory

Chechnya and

comments on the economy

dismissals of government

economic legacy of

grounds for removing from office

instigation of coup d’état

intentions towards MG

MG’s criticism of weaknesses and mistakes of

opinion polls’ approval rating

petition to examine the legality of his decrees

Politburo documents about shooting of Polish prisoners of war

power struggle with Soviet central administration

preparing to remove parliament by force

president for life intention

presidential immunity on retirement

pursuit of primarily political ends

re-election campaign

role in thwarting the 1991 coup

shelling of his own parliament

standing on tank outside White House

START-2 Treaty signing

state of emergency declared by

Supreme Soviet’s unconditional support of

undemocratic nature of his actions

unheard-of privatization stunt

Volga region travels

Western leaders’ unconditional support for

Yeltsin Constitution

Yerevan

Yevtushenko, Yevgeny

youth groups see Komsomol; Molodaya Gvardiya; Nashi

Yugoslavia (former)

see also Bosnia-Herzegovina; Croatia; Kosovo; Serbia

Yukos

Yunus, Muhammad

Yurgens, Igor

Zagladin, Vadim

Zaslavskaya, Tatiana

Zasursky, Yasen

Zavarzina, Yekaterina

Zavgaev, Doku

Zbrojovka Brno

Zdravomyslova, Olga

Zhao Ziyang

Zhirinovsky, Vladimir

Zhukov, Georgiy Konstantinovich

ZIL automotive factory

Zorkin, Valeriy

Zuma, Jacob

Zurabov, Mikhail

Zyuganov, Gennadiy