The Plot to Hack America: How Putin's Cyberspies and WikiLeaks Tried to Steal the 2016 Election

Chapter 1

1. Biddle, Sam. “Contrary to DNC Claim, Hacked Data Contains a Ton of Personal Donor Information.” Gawker. Gawker Media, 17 June 2016. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.gawker.com/contrary-to-dnc-claim-hacked-data-contains-a-ton-of-pe-1782132678

2. Nakashima, Ellen. “Russian Government Hackers Penetrated DNC, Stole Opposition Research on Trump.” Washington Post. The Washington Post Company, 14 June 2016. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/russian-government-hackers-penetrated-dnc-stole-opposition-research-on-trump/2016/06/14/cf006cb4-316e-11e6-8ff7-7b6c1998b7a0_story.html

3. Parker, Ashley, and Steve Eder. “Inside the Six Weeks Donald Trump Was a Nonstop ‘Birther’.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 02 July 2016. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2016/07/03/us/politics/donald-trump-birther-obama.html

4. C-SPAN. “C-SPAN: President Obama at the 2011 White House Correspondents’ Dinner.” YouTube. C-SPAN, 30 Apr. 2011. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.youtube.com/watch?v=n9mzJhvC-8E

5. Roberts, Roxanne. “I Sat next to Donald Trump at the Infamous 2011 White House Correspondents’ Dinner.” Washington Post. The Washington Post Company, 28 Apr. 28. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/i-sat-next-to-donald-trump-at-the-infamous-2011-white-house-correspondents-dinner/2016/04/27/5cf46b74-0bea-11e6-8ab8-9ad050f76d7d_story.html

6. Ibid.

7. “Night of Comedy.” Fox News. FOX News Network, 1 May 2011. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. video.foxnews.com/v/4671338/night-of-comedy/?#sp=show-clips

8. Barbaro, Michael. “After Roasting, Trump Reacts In Character.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 01 May 2011. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2011/05/02/nyregion/after-roasting-trump-reacts-in-character.html

9. Haberman, Maggie, and Alexander Burns. “Donald Trump’s Presidential Run Began in an Effort to Gain Stature.”The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 12 Mar. 2016. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2016/03/13/us/politics/donald-trump-campaign.html

10. Andrews, Wilson, K.K. Lai Rebecca, Alicia Parlapiano, and Karen Yourish. “Who Is Running for President?” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 26 July 2016. Web. 23 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/us/elections/2016-presidential-candidates.html

11. Linshi, Jack. “More People Are Running for Presidential Nomination Than Ever.” Time. Time, 7 July 2015. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. time.com/3948922/jim-gilmore-virginia-2016/

12. Agiesta, Jennifer. “Poll: Bush, Trump Rising for GOP, but Both Trail Clinton.” CNN. Cable News Network, 1 July 2015. Web. 23 Aug. 2016. www.cnn.com/2015/07/01/politics/donald-trump-poll-hillary-clinton-jeb-bush/

13. “CNN/ORC Poll: Trump Elbows His Way to the Top.” CNN. Turner Broadcasting System, 26 July 2015. Web. 23 Aug. 2016. www.cnn.com/2015/07/26/politics/cnn-poll-presidential-race/

14. Schreckinger, Ben. “Trump Attacks McCain: ‘I like People Who Weren’t Captured’” POLITICO. POLITICO, 19 July 2015. Web. 23 Aug. 2016. www.politico.com/story/2015/07/trump-attacks-mccain-i-like-people-who-werent-captured-120317

15. Grim, Ryan, and Danny Shea. “A Note About Our Coverage Of Donald Trump’s ‘Campaign’.” Huffington Post. Huffington Post, 17 July 2015. Web. 23 Aug. 2016. www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/a-note-about-our-coverage-of-donald-trumps-campaign_us_55a8fc9ce4b0896514d0fd66

16. McDermott., John. “Nate Silver’s Election Predictions a Win for Big Data, The New York Times.” Advertising Age. Advertising Age, 07 Nov. 2012. Web. 23 Aug. 2016. adage.com/article/campaign-trail/nate-silver-selection-predictions-a-win-big-data-york-times/238182/

17. Silver, Nate. “Dear Media, Stop Freaking Out About Donald Trump’s Polls.” FiveThirtyEight. ESPN, 24 Nov. 2015. Web. 23 Aug. 2016. fivethirtyeight.com/features/dear-media-stop-freaking-out-about-donald-trumps-polls/

18. Korotayev, Artyom. “Putin Says He Considers Donald Trump to Be Absolute Leader of US Presidential Race.” TASS. TASS, 17 Dec. 2015. Web. 23 Aug. 2016. tass.ru/en/politics/844947

19. CNN/ORC poll results: 2016 election. (2016, May 2). CNN. Retrieved August 23, 2016, from http://www.cnn.com/2016/05/02/politics/2016-election-poll-results-cnn-orc/

20. Prokop, A. (2016, May 04). John Kasich is dropping out of the Republican race—leaving Trump as the last man standing. Vox. Retrieved August 25, 2016, from http://www.vox.com/2016/5/4/11465204/kasich-drops-out-trump-wins

21. Andrews, Wilson, K.K. Lai Rebecca, Alicia Parlapiano, and Karen Yourish. “Who Is Running for President?” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 26 July 2016. Web. 23 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/us/elections/2016-presidential-candidates.html

22. “Debate Schedule for the 2016 Presidential Primaries.” Washington Post. The Washington Post Company, 18 Apr. 2016. Web. 23 Aug. 2016. www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/politics/2016-election/debates/schedule/

23. “Fox News’ Prime-Tme Presidential Debate.” Fox News. FOX News Network, 7 Aug. 2015. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. video.foxnews.com/v/4406746003001/watch-a-replay-of-foxnews-prime-time-presidential-debate/#sp=show-clips

24. Ibid.

25. Cirilli, Kevin. “Violence at Trump Rallies Shows No Sign of Abating.” Bloomberg. Bloomberg LP, 20 June 2016. Web. 21 Sept. 2016. www.bloomberg.com/politics/articles/2016-06-20/violence-at-trump-rallies-shows-no-sign-of-abating

26. Golshan, Tara. “The Mess Surrounding Donald Trump’s Campaign Manager, Explained.” Vox. Vox Media, 14 Apr. 2016. Web. 26 Aug. 2016. www.vox.com/2016/3/29/11325328/michelle-fields-donald-trump-corey-lewandowski-assault-explained

27. Parker, Ashley. “Donald Trump Frowns on Idea of ‘Toning It Down,’ Despite Aide’s Comments.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 23 Apr. 2016. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/politics/first-draft/2016/04/23/donald-trump-frowns-on-idea-of-toning-it-down-despite-aides-comments/

28. Ibid.

29. Lee, Jasmine C., and Kevin Quealy. “The 258 People, Places and Things Donald Trump Has Insulted on Twitter: A Complete List.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 22 Aug. 2016. Web. 23 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/01/28/upshot/donald-trump-twitter-insults.html

30. “CNN/ORC Poll Results: 2016 Election.” CNN. Turner Broadcasting System, 2 May 2016. Web. 23 Aug. 2016. www.cnn.com/2016/05/02/politics/2016-election-poll-results-cnn-orc/

31. Ibid.

32. Beauchamp, Zack. “9 Questions about Benghazi You Were Too Embarrassed to Ask.” Vox. Vox Media, 18 July 2016. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. www.vox.com/2015/10/12/9489389/benghazi-explained

33. Herszenhorn, David. “House Benghazi Report Finds No New Evidence of Wrongdoing by Hillary Clinton.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 28 June 2016. Web. 24 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2016/06/29/us/politics/hillary-clinton-benghazi.html

34. Ibid.

35. Gass, Nick. “Trump Sharpens Benghazi Attacks on Clinton.” POLITICO. POLITICO, 28 June 2016. Web. 24 Aug. 2016. www.politico.com/story/2016/06/donald-trump-benghazi-clinton-224911

36. Tau, Byron. “Hillary Clinton Takes Decisive Lead Over Bernie Sanders in Delegate Count, Popular Vote.” Wall Street Journal. News Corporation, 08 June 2016. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. www.wsj.com/articles/hillary-clinton-takes-decisive-lead-over-bernie-sanders-in-delegate-count-popular-vote-1465389182

37. Sanders, Bernie. “Forever Forward.” Medium. Medium, 12 July 2016. Web. 23 Aug. 2016. medium.com/@BernieSanders/forever-forward-ee015b23547a#.ly5te2fne

38. Rutz, David. “Sanders Campaign Manager: It Would Be Difficult for Clinton to Keep Running If Under Indictment.”Washington Free Beacon. Washington Free Beacon, 1 June 2016. Web. 23 Aug. 2016. freebeacon.com/politics/sanders-manager-difficult-clinton-running-indicted/

39. Landler, Mark, and Eric Lichtblau. “F.B.I. Director James Comey Recommends No Charges for Hillary Clinton on Email.”The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 05 July 2016. Web. 24 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2016/07/06/us/politics/hillary-clinton-fbi-email-comey.html

40. ?

Chapter 2

1. Biddle, Sam, and Gabrielle Bluestone. “This Looks Like the DNC’s Hacked Trump Oppo File.” Gawker. Gawker Media, 15 June 2016. Web. 21 Sept. 2016. gawker.com/this-looks-like-the-dncs-hacked-trump-oppo-file-1782040426

2. Dredge, Stuart. “Yahoo to Notify Its Users about ‘state-sponsored’ Hacking Attacks.” The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 24 Dec. 2015. Web. 24 Aug. 2016. www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/dec/24/yahoo-users-state-sponsored-hacking-attacks

3. Lord, Bob. “Notifying Our Users of Attacks by Suspected State-Sponsored Actors.” Yahoo Security. Tumblr, 21 Dec. 2015. Web. 24 Aug. 2016. www.yahoo-security.tumblr.com/post/135674131435/notifying-our-users-of-attacks-by-suspected

4. Ibid.

5. The Kelly File. “Clinton Staffer’s Emails Still Missing—The Perfect Storm—Judge Napolitano—The Kelly File.” YouTube. Fox News, 09 May 2016. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. www.youtube.com/watch?v=oounggTI-jk

6. Faal, Sorcha. “Kremlin War Erupts Over Release Of Top Secret Hillary Clinton Emails.” What Does It Mean. Sisters of Sorcha Faal, 6 May 2016. Web. 21 Sept. 2016. www.whatdoesitmean.com/index2036.htm

7. Riechmann, Deb. “Correction: Campaign 2016-Foreign Hacking Story.” The Big Story. Associated Press, 23 May 2016. Web. 21 Sept. 2016. bigstory.ap.org/article/936b3fe969a540559ecc7503a547e2ad/us-intelligence-foreign-hackers-spying-campaigns

8. Nakashima, Ellen. “National Intelligence Director: Hackers Have Targeted 2016 Presidential Campaigns.” Washington Post. The Washington Post Company, 18 May 2016. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/national-intelligence-director-hackers-have-tried-to-spy-on-2016-presidential-campaigns/2016/05/18/2b1745c0-1d0d-11e6-b6e0-c53b7ef63b45_story.html

9. Glendinning, Lee. “Obama, McCain Computers ‘hacked’ during Election Campaign.” The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 07 Nov. 2008. Web. 24 Aug. 2016. www.theguardian.com/global/2008/nov/07/obama-white-house-usa

10. Issakof, Michael. “Chinese Hacked Obama, McCain Campaigns, Took Internal Documents, Officials Say.” NBC Investigations. NBC News, 6 June 2013. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. investigations.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/06/06/18807056-chinese-hacked-obama-mccain-campaigns-took-internal-documents-officials-say

11. Ibid.

Chapter 3

1. Hackard, Mark. “Inside The KGB’s Intelligence School.” Espionage History Archive. WordPress, 02 Apr. 2015. Web. 24 Aug. 2016. www.espionagehistoryarchive.com/2015/03/24/the-kgbs-intelligence-school/

2. “Biography.” Vladimir Putin – Personal Website. Kremlin, 4 Mar. 2012. Web. 22 Sept. 2016. en.putin.kremlin.ru/bio

3. Hoffman, David. “Putin’s Career Rooted in Russia’s KGB.” Washington Post 30 Jan. 2000, Foreign Service sec.: A1+.Washington Post. The Washington Post Company, 30 Jan. 2000. Web. 22 Sept. 2016. www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/russiagov/putin.htm

4. Rezunkov, Viktor, and Tatyana Voltskaya. “15 Years Later, Questions Remain About Death Of The Man Who Made Putin.”Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty. RFE/RL, 24 Feb. 2015. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. www.rferl.org/content/questions-remain-about-death-of-man-who-made-putin/26867539.html

5. Satter, David. “The Unsolved Mystery Behind the Act of Terror That Brought Putin to Power.” National Review Online. National Review, Inc., 17 Aug. 2016. Web. 22 Sept. 2016. www.nationalreview.com/article/439060/vladimir-putin-1999-russian-apartment-house-bombings-was-putin-responsible

6. Richelson, Jeffrey. “Cheka and RU.” Sword and Shield: The Soviet Intelligence and Security Apparatus. 1st ed. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger Pub., 1986. pp. 2-8. Print.

7. Ibid.

8. Soldatov, Andreĭ, and Irina Borogan. The New Nobility: The Restoration of Russia’s Security State and the Enduring Legacy of the KGB. 1st ed. New York, NY: PublicAffairs, 2010. Print.

9. Richelson, Jeffrey. “Structure and Function.” Sword and Shield: The Soviet Intelligence and Security Apparatus. 1st ed. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger Pub., 1986. p. 21. Print.

10. Owen, Sir Robert. “The Litvinenko Inquiry.” (n.d.): n. pag. The Litvinenko Inquiry. British Parliament, 21 Jan. 2016. Web. 26 Aug. 2016. www.litvinenkoinquiry.org/files/lit210116.pdf

11. Soldatov, Andreĭ, and Irina Brogan. “The Mutation of the Russian Secret Services.” Agentura.ru. Agentura.ru, n.d. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. www.agentura.ru/english/dosie/mutation/

12. United States of America v. Anna Chapman, and Mikhail Semenko. U.S. District Court, Southern District of New York. 27 June 2010. U.S. Department of Justice. U.S. Department of Justice, 28 June 2010. Web. 26 Aug. 2016. www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/opa/legacy/2010/06/28/062810complaint1.pdf

13. Clark, Andrew. “Anna Chapman’s Call to Father Led to FBI Spy Arrests.” The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 11 July 2010. Web. 26 Aug. 2016. www.theguardian.com/world/2010/jul/12/anna-chapman-call-father-fbi-spy-arrests

14. United States of America v. Anna Chapman, and Mikhail Semenko. U.S. District Court, Southern District of New York. 27 June 2010. U.S. Department of Justice. U.S. Department of Justice, 28 June 2010. Web. 26 Aug. 2016. www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/opa/legacy/2010/06/28/062810complaint1.pdf

15. “Ten Alleged Secret Agents Arrested in the United States.” U.S. Department of Justice. U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Public Affairs, 28 June 2010. Web. 22 Sept. 2016. www.justice.gov/opa/pr/ten-alleged-secret-agents-arrested-united-states

16. Adams, Stephen. “Anna Chapman: Profile of a ‘Russian Spy’” The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group, 2 July 2010. Web. 27 Aug. 2016. www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/russia/7867512/Anna-Chapman-profile-of-a-Russian-spy.html

17. Forrest, Brett. “The Big Russian Life of Anna Chapman, Ex-spy.” POLITICO PRO. POLITICO, 4 Jan. 2012. Web. 27 Aug. 2016. www.politico.com/states/newyork/albany/story/2012/01/the-big-russian-life-of-anna-chapman-ex-spy-067223

18. Katz, Emily Tess. “Anna Chapman, Alleged Russian Spy, Was Dating 60-Year-Old Divorced Dad Michael Bittan.” The Huffington Post. AOL, 1 July 2010. Web. 27 Aug. 2016. www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/07/01/anna-chapman-alleged-russ_n_632543.html

19. Higgins, Andrew, and Mary Sheridan Beth. “U.S. and Russia Complete Spy Swap.” Washington Post. The Washington Post Company, 10 July 2010. Web. 27 Aug. 2016. www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/07/09/AR2010070901956.html

20. “Federal Security Service (FSB) Federal’naya Sluzhba Bezopasnosti.” GlobalSecurity.org. GlobalSecurity.org, n.d. Web. 27 Aug. 2016. globalsecurity.org/intell/world/russia/fsb.htm

21. Hoffman, David. “Putin’s Career Rooted in Russia’s KGB.” Washington Post 30 Jan. 2000, Foreign Service sec.: A1+.Washington Post. The Washington Post Company, 30 Jan. 2000. Web. 22 Sept. 2016. www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/russiagov/putin.htm

22. Docherty, Neil, prod. “Putin’s Way.” Frontline. PBS. Arlington, VA, 13 Jan. 2015. Television.

Chapter 4

1. Goldstein, Steve. “Trump May Build Hotels In U.S.S.R.” Philly.com. Philadelphia Media Network, PBC, 07 July 1987. Web. 27 Aug. 2016. articles.philly.com/1987-07-07/news/26200012_1_trump-tower-second-largest-soviet-city-soviet-officials

2. “The Donald Trump of Russia.” Closing Bell. CNBC. Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 18 May 2015. CNBC. Web. 27 Aug. 2016. video.cnbc.com/gallery/?video=3000380510

3. Stone, Peter, David Smith, Ben Jacobs, Alec Luhn, and Rupert Neate. “Donald Trump and Russia: A Web That Grows More Tangled All the Time.” The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 30 July 2016. Web. 27 Aug. 2016. www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/jul/30/donald-trump-paul-manafort-ukraine-russia-putin-ties

4. Wagner, Daniel, and Aram Roston. “The Donald And The Dictator.” BuzzFeed. BuzzFeed Inc., 7 June 2016. Web. 12 Aug. 2016. https://www.buzzfeed.com/danielwagner/how-trump-tried-to-get-qaddafis-cash?utm_term=.uodEg04Qd4#.lw9AqKxm6x.

5. Trump, Donald (@realDonaldTrump). “Do you think Putin will be going to The Miss Universe Pageant in November in Moscow—if so, will he become my new best friend?.” 18 Jul. 2013, 8:17 PM. Tweet.

6. Trump, Donald (@realDonaldTrump). “I just got back from Russia-learned lots & lots. Moscow is a very interesting and amazing place! U.S. MUST BE VERY SMART AND VERY STRATEGIC.” 10 Nov. 2013, 6:44 PM. Tweet.

7. Richter, Greg. “Trump Trashes Other Candidates, Praises Putin on ‘O’Reilly’” Newsmax. Newsmax Media, 16 June 2015. Web. 27 Aug. 2016. http://www.newsmax.com/Politics/DonaldTrump-Bill-OReilly-respects-Putin/2015/06/16/id/650840/#ixzz4Io7IAyVD.

8. Crowley, Michael. “When Donald Trump Brought Miss Universe to Moscow.” POLITICO. POLITICO, 15 May 2016. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. www.politico.com/story/2016/05/donald-trump-russia-moscow-miss-universe-223173

9. “Yuri Bezmenov—KGB Defector on “Useful Idiots” and the True Face of Communism.” YouTube. Saturnus Lateinos, 17 Dec. 2014. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. www.youtube.com/watch?v=K4kHiUAjTvQ

10. Schreyer, Natalie. “Donald Trump Got Duped by a Gorbachev Impersonator.” Mother Jones. Foundation for National Progress, 5 July 2016. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. www.motherjones.com/politics/2016/06/donald-trump-mikhail-gorbachev-impersonator

11. Burkett, Randy. “An Alternative Framework for Agent Recruitment: From MICE to RASCLS.” Studies in Intelligence 57.1 (2013): n. pag. Central Intelligence Agency. Central Intelligence Agency, Mar. 2013. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/vol.-57-no.-1-a/vol.-57-no.-1-a-pdfs/Burkett-MICE%20to%20RASCALS.pdf

12. Fontova, Humberto. “What’s Behind the TrumpPutin “Bromance?”.” Townhall. Salem Communications Corporation, 22 Jan. 2016. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. www.townhall.com/columnists/humbertofontova/2016/01/22/whats-behind-the-trumpputin-bromance-n2108551

13. Nguyen, Tina. “Putin Endorses Trump, Says Disgraced FIFA Chief Should Win the Nobel Prize.” Vanity Fair. Conde Nast, 17 Dec. 2015. Web. 29 Aug. 2016 www.vanityfair.com/news/2015/12/putin-trump-endorsement

14. Korotayev, Artyom. “Putin Says He Considers Donald Trump to Be Absolute Leader of US Presidential Race.” TASS. TASS, 17 Dec. 2015. Web. 23 Aug. 2016. tass.ru/en/politics/844947

15. Foer, Franklin. “Putin’s Puppet.” Slate. The Slate Group, 21 July 2016. Web. 12 Aug. 2016. www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/cover_story/2016/07/vladimir_putin_has_a_plan_for_destroying_the_west_and_it_looks_a_lot_like.html

16. Helderman, Rosalind S., and Tom Hamburger. “Former Mafia-linked Figure Describes Association with Trump.”Washington Post. The Washington Post Company, 17 May 2016. Web. 12 Aug. 2016. www.washingtonpost.com/politics/former-mafia-linked-figure-describes-association-with-trump/2016/05/17/cec6c2c6-16d3-11e6-aa55-670cabef46e0_story.html

17. Ibid.

18. Mcintire, Mike. “Donald Trump Settled a Real Estate Lawsuit, and a Criminal Case Was Closed.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 05 Apr. 2016. Web. 12 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2016/04/06/us/politics/donald-trump-soho-settlement.html?_r=1

19. Helderman, Rosalind S., and Tom Hamburger. “Former Mafia-linked Figure Describes Association with Trump.”Washington Post. The Washington Post Company, 17 May 2016. Web. 12 Aug. 2016. www.washingtonpost.com/politics/former-mafia-linked-figure-describes-association-with-trump/2016/05/17/cec6c2c6-16d3-11e6-aa55-670cabef46e0_story.html

20. Bagli, Charles V. “Brass Knuckles Over 2 Broadway; M.T.A. and Landlord Are Fighting It Out Over Rent and Renovations.”The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 08 Aug. 2000. Web. 12 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2000/08/09/nyregion/brass-knuckles-over-2-broadway-mta-landlord-are-fighting-it-over-rent.html

21. Schreckinger, Ben. “Trump’s Mob-linked Ex-associate Gives $5,400 to Campaign.” POLITICO. POLITICO, 26 Aug. 2016. Web. 31 Aug. 2016. www.politico.com/story/2016/08/donald-trump-russia-felix-sater-227434

22. Stempel, Jonathan, and Deepa Seetharaman. “Donald Trump Sued for Fraud over Trump SoHo Condo.” Reuters. Thomson Reuters, 03 Aug. 2010. Web. 31 Aug. 2016. www.reuters.com/article/us-trumpsoho-lawsuit-idUSTRE67232X20100803

23. McIntire, Mike. “Donald Trump Settled a Real Estate Lawsuit, and a Criminal Case Was Closed.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 05 Apr. 2016. Web. 12 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2016/04/06/us/politics/donald-trump-soho-settlement.html?_r=1

24. Karmin, Craig. “Trump SoHo Hotel Lender Plans to Put Property Up for Sale.” Wall Street Journal. News Corporation, 16 Sept. 2014. Web. 31 Aug. 2016. www.wsj.com/articles/trumpsoho-hotel-lender-plans-to-put-property-up-for-sale-1410885344

25. Stone, Peter. “Trump’s New Right-hand Man Has History of Controversial Clients and Deals.” The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 27 Apr. 2016. Web. 12 Aug. 2016. www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/apr/27/paul-manafort-donald-trump-campaign-past-clients

26. Ibid.

27. Mufson, Steven, and Tom Hamburger. “Inside Trump Adviser Manafort’s World of Politics and Global Financial Dealmaking.” Washington Post. The Washington Post Company, 26 Apr. 2016. Web. 12 Aug. 2016. www.washingtonpost.com/politics/in-business-as-in-politics-trump-adviser-no-stranger-to-controversial-figures/2016/04/26/970db232-08c7-11e6-b283-e79d81c63c1b_story.html

28. Stone, Peter. “Trump’s New Right-hand Man Has History of Controversial Clients and Deals.” The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 27 Apr. 2016. Web. 12 Aug. 2016. www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/apr/27/paul-manafort-donald-trump-campaign-past-clients.

29. Smith, Ben, and Meredith Kennedy. “Trump Adviser’s Ties Raise Security Questions.” BuzzFeed. BuzzFeed Inc., 6 May 2016. Web. 22 Sept. 2016. www.buzzfeed.com/bensmith/manafort-russia?utm_term=.psV0doRgKR#.prQ8J0EWbE

30. Stone, Peter. “Trump’s New Right-hand Man Has History of Controversial Clients and Deals.” The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 27 Apr. 2016. Web. 11 Aug. 2016. www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/apr/27/paul-manafort-donald-trump-campaign-past-clients.

31. Harding, Luke. “WikiLeaks Cables Link Russian Mafia Boss to EU Gas Supplies.” The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 01 Dec. 2010. Web. 12 Aug. 2016. www.theguardian.com/world/2010/dec/01/wikileaks-cables-russian-mafia-gas

32. “US Embassy Cables: Gas Supplies Linked to Russian Mafia.” The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 01 Dec. 2010. Web. 12 Sept. 2016. www.theguardian.com/world/us-embassy-cables-documents/182121

33. Stone, Peter. “Trump’s New Right-hand Man Has History of Controversial Clients and Deals.” The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 27 Apr. 2016. Web. 11 Aug. 2016. www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/apr/27/paul-manafort-donald-trump-campaign-past-clients.

34. Ibid.

35. Kramer, Andrew E., Mike Mcintire, and Barry Meier. “Secret Ledger in Ukraine Lists Cash for Donald Trump’s Campaign Chief.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 14 Aug. 2016. Web. 17 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2016/08/15/us/politics/paul-manafort-ukraine-donald-trump.html?_r=0

36. Ibid.

37. Garver, Rob. “Is This Why Trump Is Changing Gears? Report Says Manafort Organized Anti-NATO Protests.” The Fiscal Times. The Fiscal Times Media Group, LLC, 17 Aug. 2016. Web. 17 Aug. 2016. www.thefiscaltimes.com/2016/08/17/Trump-s-Campaign-Chair-Organized-Anti-NATO-Protests-Ukraine-Report

38. Mider, Zachary. “Trump Russia Adviser Carter Page Interview.” Bloomberg. Bloomberg LP, 30 Mar. 2016. Web. 12 Aug. 2016. www.bloomberg.com/politics/articles/2016-03-30/trump-russia-adviser-carter-page-interview

39. Page, Carter. “New Slaves, Global Edition: Russia, Iran and the Segregation of the World Economy | Global Policy Journal—Practitioner, Academic, Global Governance, International Law, Economics, Security, Institutions, Comment & Opinion, Media, Events, Journal.” Global Policy. Wiley Blackwell, 10 Feb. 2015. Web. 13 Aug. 2016. www.globalpolicyjournal.com/blog/10/02/2015/new-slaves-global-edition-russia-iran-and-segregation-world-economy

40. Wilkie, Christina, and S.V. Date. “Trump Foreign Policy Adviser Travels to Russia Prior to Changes in GOP Platform.”Huffington Post. AOL, 3 Aug. 2016. Web. 12 Aug. 2016. www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/carter-page-trump-russia_us_57a0f329e4b0693164c2fb41

41. “Richard Burt.” McLarty Associates. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Aug. 2016. maglobal.com/about-us/our-team/richard-burt/

42. Carden, James. “Trump Attempted a Foreign Policy Makeover Today. Did It Work?” The Nation. The Nation Company, L.P., 27 Apr. 2016. Web. 17 Aug. 2016. www.thenation.com/article/trump-attempted-a-foreign-policy-makeover-today-did-it-work/

43. “Dimitri K. Simes.” Center for the National Interest. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Aug. 2016. cftni.org/expert/dimitri-k-simes-2/

44. Kirchick, James. “Donald Trump’s Russia Connections.” POLITICO. POLITICO, 29 Apr. 2016. Web. 17 Aug. 2016. www.politico.eu/article/donald-trumps-russia-connections-foreign-policy-presidential-campaign/

45. Ibid.

46. Priest, Dana. “Trump Adviser Michael T. Flynn on His Dinner with Putin and Why Russia Today Is Just like CNN.”Washington Post. The Washington Post Company, 15 Aug. 2016. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2016/08/15/trump-adviser-michael-t-flynn-on-his-dinner-with-putin-and-why-russia-today-is-just-like-cnn/

47. Diamond, Jeremy, and Greg Botelho. “Putin Praises ‘bright and talented’ Donald Trump.” CNN. Turner Broadcasting System, 17 Dec. 2015. Web. 30 Aug. 2016. www.cnn.com/2015/12/17/politics/russia-putin-trump/

48. Dickey, Jeffrey V., Thomas Everett B., Zane Galvach M., Matthew Mesko J., and Anton Soltis V. “Russian Political Warfare: Origin, Evolution, and Application.” Calhoun. Dudley Knox Library, June 2015. Web. 30 Aug. 2016. calhoun.nps.edu/bitstream/handle/10945/45838/15Jun_Dickey_Everett_Galvach_Mesko_Soltis.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

49. Taub, Amanda. “D.N.C. Hack Raises a Frightening Question: What’s Next?” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 29 July 2016. Web. 30 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2016/07/30/world/europe/dnc-hack-russia.html

50. Ibid.

51. Ibid.

52. Remnick, David. “Trump and Putin: A Love Story.” The New Yorker. Conde Nast, 03 Aug. 2016. Web. 30 Sept. 2016. www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/trump-and-putin-a-love-story

53. Remnick, David. “Danse Macabre.” The New Yorker. Conde Nast, 18 Mar. 2013. Web. 30 Sept. 2016. www.newyorker.com/magazine/2013/03/18/danse-macabre

54. Foer, Franklin. “Vladimir Putin Has a Plan for Destroying the West—and It Looks a Lot Like Donald Trump.” Slate Magazine. The Slate Group, 21 July 2016. Web. 30 Aug. 2016. www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/cover_story/2016/07/vladimir_putin_has_a_plan_for_destroying_the_west_and_it_looks_a_lot_like.html

55. Applebaum, Anne. ““I Didn’t Think It Could Be Done in the United States”.” Interview by Jacob Weisberg. Slate. The Slate Group, 28 July 2016. Web. 30 Aug. 2016.

56. Ibid.

57. Gregory, Paul Roderick. “What If Vladimir Putin Has Hillary Clinton’s Emails?” Forbes. Forbes, Inc., 12 Feb. 2016. Web. 30 Aug. 2016. www.forbes.com/sites/paulroderickgregory/2016/02/12/vladimir-putin-hillary-clinton-emails/#4ec4e9e57fe6

58. Ibid.

59. Ibid.

60. Morell, Michael J. “I Ran the C.I.A. Now I’m Endorsing Hillary Clinton.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 04 Aug. 2016. Web. 26 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2016/08/05/opinion/campaign-stops/i-ran-the-cia-now-im-endorsing-hillary-clinton.html

Chapter 5

1. Meeks, Karen Robes. “Hillary Clinton Compares Vladimir Putin’s Actions in Ukraine to Adolf Hitler’s in Nazi Germany.” Long Beach Press Telegram. Digital First Media, 05 Mar. 2014. Web. 30 Aug. 2016. www.presstelegram.com/general-news/20140304/hillary-clinton-compares-vladimir-putins-actions-in-ukraine-to-adolf-hitlers-in-nazi-germany

2. Diamond, Jeremy, and Greg Botelho. “Putin Praises ‘bright and talented’ Donald Trump.” CNN. Turner Broadcasting System, 17 Dec. 2015. Web. 30 Aug. 2016. www.cnn.com/2015/12/17/politics/russia-putin-trump/

3. Kreutz, Liz. “Hillary Clinton Psychoanalyzes Vladimir Putin.” ABC News. Disney-ABC Television Group, 08 Apr. 2014. Web. 30 Aug. 2016. www.abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2014/04/hillary-clinton-psychoanalyzes-vladimir-putin/

4. Aron, Leon. “The Putin Doctrine.” Foreign Affairs. Council on Foreign Relations, 11 Mar. 2013. Web. 26 Aug. 2016. www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/russian-federation/2013-03-08/putin-doctrine

5. “Russia Security Paper Designates Nato as Threat.” BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation, 31 Dec. 2015. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-35208636

6. Rose, Charlie. “Charlie Rose on How Vladimir Putin Sees the World.” Charlie Rose. PBS. Arlington, VA, 19 June 2015. PBS Newshour. Web. 22 Sept. 2016. www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/charlie-rose-vladimir-putin-sees-world/

7. Lazar, Alex, and Alexey Eremenko. “Here’s Why Russians like Donald Trump (sort Of).” NBC News. NBCUniversal News Group24, 24 Aug. 2016. Web. 30 Aug. 2016. www.nbcnews.com/news/world/why-russians-donald-trump-sort-n634626

8. Rose, Charlie. “Charlie Rose on How Vladimir Putin Sees the World.” Charlie Rose. PBS. Arlington, VA, 19 June 2015. PBS Newshour. Web. 22 Sept. 2016. www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/charlie-rose-vladimir-putin-sees-world/

9. “Relations with Russia.” NATO. NATO, 18 May 2016. Web. 27 Aug. 2016. www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_50090.htm

10. “Ukraine Crisis: Obama Orders Ban on Crimea Trade.” BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation, 20 Dec. 2014. Web. 27 Aug. 2016. www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-30558502

11. “Ukraine Crisis: Russia and Sanctions.” BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation, 19 Dec. 2014. Web. 27 Aug. 2016. www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-26672800

12. Trump, Donald. “Transcript: Donald Trump on NATO, Turkey’s Coup Attempt and the World.” Interview by David E. Sanger and Maggie Haberman. The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 21 July 2016. Web. 27 Aug. 2016.

13. Ibid.

14. Meeks, Karen Robes. “Hillary Clinton Compares Vladimir Putin’s Actions in Ukraine to Adolf Hitler’s in Nazi Germany.” Long Beach Press Telegram. Digital First Media, 05 Mar. 2014. Web. 30 Aug. 2016. www.presstelegram.com/general-news/20140304/hillary-clinton-compares-vladimir-putins-actions-in-ukraine-to-adolf-hitlers-in-nazi-germany

15. Diamond, Jeremy. “Timeline: Donald Trump’s Praise for Vladimir Putin.” CNN. Turner Broadcasting System, 21 July 2016. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.cnn.com/2016/07/28/politics/donald-trump-vladimir-putin-quotes/

16. Kalb, Marvin L. Imperial Gamble: Putin, Ukraine, and the New Cold War. 1st ed. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 2015. Print.

17. Lazar, Alex, and Alexey Eremenko. “Here’s Why Russians like Donald Trump (sort Of).” NBC News. NBCUniversal News Group24, 24 Aug. 2016. Web. 30 Aug. 2016. www.nbcnews.com/news/world/why-russians-donald-trump-sort-n634626

18.Schreckinger, Ben. “Clinton Urges More Financial, Military Aid to Ukraine.” POLITICO. POLITICO, 21 Jan. 2015. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. www.politico.com/story/2015/01/hillary-clinton-ukraine-aid-military-financial-114462

19. ?

20. Bradner, Eric, and David Wright. “Trump Says Putin Is ‘not Going to Go into Ukraine,’ despite Crimea.” CNN. Turner Broadcasting System, 1 Aug. 2016. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. www.cnn.com/2016/07/31/politics/donald-trump-russia-ukraine-crimea-putin/

Chapter 6

1. Zetter, Kim. “Russian ‘Sandworm’ Hack Has Been Spying on Foreign Governments for Years.” Wired. Conde Nast, 14 Oct. 2014. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. www.wired.com/2014/10/russian-sandworm-hack-isight

2. Bejtlich, Richard. “Putting the A, P, and T in the APT.” 2011 Business Security Conference. Honolulu Design Center, Honolulu. 7 Sept. 2011. Hawaiian Telcom. Web. 12 Aug. 2016. www.hawaiiantel.com/Portals/1/Bejtlich.pdf

3. Alperovitch, Dmitri. “Bears in the Midst: Intrusion into the Democratic National Committee.” Web log post. CrowdStrike. N.p., 15 June 2016. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. www.crowdstrike.com/blog/bears-midst-intrusion-democratic-national-committee/

4. Reuvers, Paul, and Marc Simons. “IBM Selectric Bug.” Crypto Museum. N.p., Aug.-Sept. 2010. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. cryptomuseum.com/covert/bugs/selectric/

5. Kaplan, Fred M. “’Could Something Like This Really Happen?’” Dark Territory: The Secret History of Cyber War. 1st ed. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster, 2016. p. 16. Print.

6. Kaplan, Fred M. “Solar Sunrise, Moonlight Gaze” Dark Territory: The Secret History of Cyber War. 1st ed. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster, 2016. pp. 78-88. Print.

7. Cutler, Terry. “The Anatomy of an Advanced Persistent Threat | SecurityWeek.Com.” Security Week. Wired Business Media, 06 Dec. 2010. Web. 27 Aug. 2016. www.securityweek.com/anatomy-advanced-persistent-threat

8. “Microsoft Security Intelligence Report: Strontium.” Web log post. TechNet. Microsoft, 16 Nov. 2015. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. blogs.technet.microsoft.com/mmpc/2015/11/16/microsoft-security-intelligence-report-strontium/

9. Hacquebord, Feike. “Pawn Storm’s Domestic Spying Campaign Revealed; Ukraine and US Top Global Targets.” Web log post. TrendLabs Security Intelligence Blog. Trend Micro, 18 Aug. 2015. Web. 30 Aug. 2016. blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/pawn-storms-domestic-spying-campaign-revealed-ukraine-and-us-top-global-targets/

10. Kharouni, Loucif, Feike Hacquebord, Numaan Huq, Jim Gogolinski, Fernando Mercês, Alfred Remorin, and Douglas Otis. Operation Pawn Storm: Using Decoys to Evade Detection. Trend Micro. Trend Micro Inc., 22 Oct. 2014. Web. 9 Aug. 2016. www.trendmicro.com/cloud-content/us/pdfs/security-intelligence/whitepapers/wp-operation-pawn-storm.pdf

11. Ibid.

12. Ibid.

13. Ibid.

14. Ibid.

15. Hacquebord, Feike. “Pawn Storm’s Domestic Spying Campaign Revealed; Ukraine and US Top Global Targets.” Web log post. TrendLabs Security Intelligence Blog. Trend Micro, 18 Aug. 2015. Web. 30 Aug. 2016. blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/pawn-storms-domestic-spying-campaign-revealed-ukraine-and-us-top-global-targets/

16. F-Secure Labs. THE DUKES: 7 Years of Russian Cyberespionage. Rep. F-Secure, 5 Sept. 2015. Web. 30 Aug. 2016. www.f-secure.com/documents/996508/1030745/dukes_whitepaper.pdf

17. Ibid.

18. Silva, Cristina. “Meet Turla, The Russian Hacking Group Using Commercial Satellites To Spy On US, Europe.”International Business Times. IBT Media, 09 Sept. 2015. Web. 30 Aug. 2016. www.ibtimes.com/meet-turla-russian-hacking-group-using-commercial-satellites-spy-us-europe-2089116

19. “Breaking the Code on Russian Malware.” Web log post. The Recorded Future Blog. Recorded Future, 20 Nov. 2016. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. www.recordedfuture.com/russian-malware-analysis/

20. Ibid.

21. Nakashima, Ellen. “Cyber-intruder Sparks Response, Debate.” Washington Post. The Washington Post Company, 8 Dec. 2011. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. www.washingtonpost.com/national/national-security/cyber-intruder-sparks-response-debate/2011/12/06/gIQAxLuFgO_story.html

22. The Waterbug Attack Group. Security Response. Symantec, 14 Jan. 2016. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/waterbug-attack-group.pdf

23. 2015 Global Threat Report. Rep. CrowdStrike, 14 Jan. 2016. Web. 31 Aug. 2016. go.crowdstrike.com/rs/281-OBQ-266/images/15GlobalThreatReport.pdf

24. “Denial-of-Service: The Estonian Cyberwar and Its Implications for U.S. National Security.” International Affairs Review. Elliott School of International Affairs, n.d. Web. 30 Aug. 2016. www.iar-gwu.org/node/65

25. Traynor, Ian. “Russia Accused of Unleashing Cyberwar to Disable Estonia.” The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 16 May 2007. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.theguardian.com/world/2007/may/17/topstories3.russia

26. “Estonia Fines Man for ‘cyber War’” BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation, 25 Jan. 2008. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/7208511.stm

27. “Georgia: Avoiding War in South Ossetia”. Rep. International Crisis Group, 26 Nov. 2014. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/UNTC/UNPAN019224.pdf

28. “If Kosovo Goes Free.” The Economist. The Economist Group, 29 Nov. 2007. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.economist.com/node/10225052.

29. Hollis, David, “Cyberwar Case Study: Georgia 2008”, Small Wars Journal. Small Wars Foundation, 6 Jan. 2011. Web 29 Aug. 2016. http://smallwarsjournal.com/blog/journal/docs-temp/639-hollis.pdf.

30. Schachtman, Noah. “Top Georgian Official: Moscow Cyber Attacked Us – We Just Can’t Prove It.” Wired. Conde Nast, 6 Jan. 2011. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.wired.com/2009/03/georgia-blames

31. F-Secure Labs. BLACKENERGY & QUEDAGH: The Convergence of Crimeware and APT Attacks. Rep. F-Secure, n.d. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.f-secure.com/documents/996508/1030745/blackenergy_whitepaper.pdf

32. US-CCU. Overview by the US-CCU of the Cyber Campaign Against Georgia in August of 2008. Campaign Overview. The U.S. Cyber Consequences Unit, Aug. 2009. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.registan.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/US-CCU-Georgia-Cyber-Campaign-Overview.pdf

33. APT28: A Window Into Russia’s Cyber Espionage Operations? Rep. FireEye, 5 Feb. 2016. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.fireeye.com/content/dam/fireeye-www/global/en/current-threats/pdfs/rpt-apt28.pdf

34. United States of America. Library of Congress. Global Legal Monitor. Lithuania: Ban on Nazi and Soviet Symbols. By Peter Roudik. The Law Library of Congress, 2 July 2008. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.loc.gov/law/foreign-news/article/lithuania-ban-on-nazi-and-soviet-symbols/

35. Rhodin, Sara. “Hackers Tag Lithuanian Web Sites With Soviet Symbols.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 30 June 2008. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2008/07/01/world/europe/01baltic.html?_r=1

36. Danchev, Dancho. “300 Lithuanian Sites Hacked by Russian Hackers | ZDNet.” ZDNet. CBS Interactive, 2 July 2008. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.zdnet.com/article/300-lithuanian-sites-hacked-by-russian-hackers/

37. Krebs, Brian. “Lithuania Weathers Cyber Attack, Braces for Round 2.” Washington Post. The Washington Post Company, 3 July 2008. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. voices.washingtonpost.com/securityfix/2008/07/lithuania_weathers_cyber_attac_1.html

38. Counter Threat Unit Research Team. “Kyrgyzstan Under DDoS Attack From Russia.” Web log post. Secure Works Blog. Secure Works Corp, 27 Jan. 2009. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.secureworks.com/blog/research-20957

39. Blomfield, Adrian. “US Troops Ordered out of Kyrgyzstan after Russia Deal.” The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group, 4 Feb. 2009. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/kyrgyzstan/4513296/US-troops-ordered-out-of-Kyrgyzstan-after-Russia-deal.html

40. Constantin, Lucian. “Macro-based Malware Is Making a Comeback, Researchers Warn.” Computerworld. IDG News Service, 07 Jan. 2015. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.computerworld.com/article/2866055/macro-based-malware-is-making-a-comeback-researchers-warn.html

41. Muncaster, Phil. “Sandworm Team Went After Firms Running SCADA.” Infosecurity Magazine. Infosecurity Group, 20 Oct. 2014. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.infosecurity-magazine.com/news/sandworm-team-went-after-firms/

42. Zetter, Kim. “Inside the Cunning, Unprecedented Hack of Ukraine’s Power Grid.” Wired. Conde Nast, 3 Mar. 2016. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.wired.com/2016/03/inside-cunning-unprecedented-hack-ukraines-power-grid/

43. Stone, Jeff. “Russian Hacking Group Sandworm Targeted US Before Knocking Out Power In Ukraine.” International Business Times. IBT Media, 11 Jan. 2016. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. www.ibtimes.com/russian-hacking-group-sandworm-targeted-us-knocking-out-power-ukraine-2257194

44. Finkle, Jim. “U.S. Firm Blames Russian ‘Sandworm’ Hackers for Ukraine Outage.” Reuters. Thomson Reuters, 07 Jan. 2016. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-cybersecurity-sandworm-idUSKBN0UM00N20160108

45. Prabhu, Vijay. “Warsaw Stock Exchange Hacked by ISIS Cyber Criminals?” TechWorm. TechWorm, 24 Oct. 2014. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.techworm.net/2014/10/warsaw-stock-exchange-hacked-isis-cyber-criminals.html

46. Riley, Michael. “Cyberspace Becomes Second Front in Russia’s Clash With NATO.” Bloomberg. Bloomberg L.P., 14 Oct. 2015. Web. 31 Aug. 2016. www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-10-14/cyberspace-becomes-second-front-in-russia-s-clash-with-nato

47. Prabhu, Vijay. “Warsaw Stock Exchange Hacked by ISIS Cyber Criminals?” TechWorm. TechWorm, 24 Oct. 2014. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.techworm.net/2014/10/warsaw-stock-exchange-hacked-isis-cyber-criminals.html

48. Melvin, Don, and Greg Botelho. “French TV Network TV5Monde Hit by Massive Cyberattack.” CNN. Turner Broadcasting System, 9 Apr. 2015. Web. 8 Sept. 2016. www.cnn.com/2015/04/09/europe/french-tv-network-attack-recovery/

49. “Who Are the Cybercaliphate Hackers Who Claimed Responsibility for TV5Monde Cyberattack?” France 24 English. YouTube, 09 Apr. 2015. Web. 8 Aug. 2016. www.youtube.com/watch?v=gM-6r8L8SZQ

50. “Russian Hackers Suspected in Cyberattack on German Parliament | News | DW.COM | 19.06.2015.” DW. ARD, 16 June 2015. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.dw.com/en/russian-hackers-suspected-in-cyberattack-on-german-parliament/a-18528045

51. Paganini, Pierluigi. “Alleged Russian Hackers behind the EFF Spear Phishing Scam.” Security Affairs. N.p., 30 Aug. 2015. Web. 30 Aug. 2016. securityaffairs.co/wordpress/39686/cyber-crime/eff-spear-phishing-apt28.html

52. Bishara, Motez. “Russian Doping: ‘Unprecedented Attack on Olympic Games’” CNN. Turner Broadcasting System, 21 July 2016. Web. 23 Sept. 2016. edition.cnn.com/2016/07/18/sport/russia-doping-sochi-2014-olympic-games-rio-2016/

53. Threatconnect Research Team. “Russian Cyber Operations On Steroids.” Web log post. ThreatConnect Blog. ThreatConnect, Inc., 19 Aug. 2016. Web. 31 Aug. 2016. www.threatconnect.com/blog/fancy-bear-anti-doping-agency-phishing/

54. Engel, Richard, and Aggelos Petropoulos. “Russian Doping Whistleblowers Fear for Their Lives after Cyber Attack.”NBC News. NBCUniversal News Group, 28 Aug. 2016. Web. 31 Aug. 2016. www.nbcnews.com/storyline/2016-rio-summer-olympics/russian-doping-whistleblowers-fear-their-lives-after-cyber-attack-n638746

55. “Russian Doping: Who Is Whistleblower Grigory Rodchenkov?” BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation, 19 July 2016. Web. 23 Aug. 2016. www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-36833962?_ga=1.190104555.1962198461.1471990212

56. Hacquebord, Feike. “Pawn Storm’s Domestic Spying Campaign Revealed; Ukraine and US Top Global Targets.” Web log post. TrendLabs Security Intelligence Blog. Trend Micro, 18 Aug. 2015. Web. 30 Aug. 2016. blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/pawn-storms-domestic-spying-campaign-revealed-ukraine-and-us-top-global-targets/

57. Yadron, Danny. “Three Months Later, State Department Hasn’t Rooted Out Hackers.” WSJ. News Corporation, 19 Feb. 2015. Web. 31 Aug. 2016. www.wsj.com/articles/three-months-later-state-department-hasnt-rooted-out-hackers-1424391453

58. Hackett, Robert. “Report: U.S. Officials Say Russians Hacked White House Computer System.” Fortune. Time Inc., 06 Apr. 2015. Web. 30 Aug. 2016. fortune.com/2015/04/07/russians-hacked-white-house/

59. Fryer-Biggs, Zachary. “Operation Watersnake: Hacking the US by Ship.” Jane’s. IHS, 8 Aug. 2016. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. janes.ihs.com/Janes/Display/1780967

60. Global Threat Intel Report 2014. Rep. CrowdStrike, 17 Jan. 2014. Web. 31 Aug. 2016. go.crowdstrike.com/rs/281-OBQ-266/images/ReportGlobalThreatIntelligence.pdf

61. 2015 Global Threat Report. Rep. CrowdStrike, 14 Jan. 2016. Web. 31 Aug. 2016. go.crowdstrike.com/rs/281-OBQ-266/images/15GlobalThreatReport.pdf

62. Chen, Adrian. “The Agency.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 06 June 2015. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2015/06/07/magazine/the-agency.html

63. Ibid.

64. “The Power of Propaganda.” The Psychology Of. Haverford College, 2015. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.sites.google.com/a/haverford.edu/the-psychology-of/workshops/the-power-of-propaganda

65. Chen, Adrian. “The Agency.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 06 June 2015. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2015/06/07/magazine/the-agency.html

66. Ibid.

67. Ibid.

68. Ibid.

69. “Why Are Russian Trolls Spreading Online Hoaxes in the U.S.?” Newshour. Ed. Jeffrey Brown. PBS, 8 June 2015. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/russian-trolls-spreading-online-hoaxes-u-s/

70. Seddon, Max. “Documents Show How Russia’s Troll Army Hit America.” BuzzFeed. BuzzFeed, Inc., 2 June 2014. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.buzzfeed.com/maxseddon/documents-show-how-russias-troll-army-hit-america

71. Ibid.

72. Ibid.

73. Chen, Adrian. “The Real Paranoia-Inducing Purpose of Russian Hacks.” The New Yorker. Conde Nast, 27 July 2016. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/the-real-paranoia-inducing-purpose-of-russian-hacks

Chapter 7

1. Assange, Julian. “We Are Drowning in Material.” Interview by Michael Sontheimer. Der Spiegel. Spiegel-Verlag, 20 July 2015. Web. 25 Aug. 2016.

2. WikiLeaks. “What Is Wikileaks?” WikiLeaks. N.p., 3 Nov. 2015. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. wikileaks.org/aboutWikiLeaks:About. WikiLeaks, 5 Dec. 2008. Web. 24 Aug. 2016. www.wikileaks.com/wiki/Wikileaks:About

3. Khatchadourian, Raffi. “No Secrets.” The New Yorker. Conde Nast, 31 May 2010. Web. 24 Aug. 2016. www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/06/07/no-secrets

4. Ibid.

5. Ibid.

6. Ibid.

7. WikiLeaks. “Collateral Murder.” WikiLeaks. N.p., 5 Apr. 2010. Web. 24 Aug. 2016. collateralmurder.wikileaks.org/

8. Cohen, Noam, and Brian Stelter. “Iraq Video Brings Notice to a Web Site.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 06 Apr. 2010. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2010/04/07/world/07wikileaks.html?_r=0

9. Courson, Paul, and Matt Smith. “WikiLeaks Source Manning Gets 35 Years, Will Seek Pardon.” CNN. Turner Broadcasting System, 22 Aug. 2013. Web. 22 Sept. 2016. www.cnn.com/2013/08/21/us/bradley-manning-sentencing/

10. Ibid.

11. “The Defense Department’s Response.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 22 Oct. 2010. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2010/10/23/world/middleeast/23response.html?_r=1

12. Shane, Scott, and Andrew Lehren W. “Leaked Cables Offer Raw Look at U.S. Diplomacy.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 28 Nov. 2010. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2010/11/29/world/29cables.html

13. Erlanger, Steven. “Europeans Criticize Fierce U.S. Response to Leaks.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 09 Dec. 2010. Web. 22 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2010/12/10/world/europe/10wikileaks-react.html

14. Ibid.

15. Friedman, Megan. “Julian Assange: Readers’ Choice for TIME’s Person of the Year 2010 | TIME.com.” Time. Time Inc., 13 Dec. 2010. Web. 22 Aug. 2016. www.newsfeed.time.com/2010/12/13/julian-assange-readers-choice-for-times-person-of-the-year-2010/

16. Keller, Bill. “Dealing with Assange and the WikiLeaks Secrets.” New York Times. The New York Times Company, 26 Jan. 2011. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2011/01/30/magazine/30Wikileaks-t.html?

17. Khatchadourian, Raffi. “No Secrets.” The New Yorker. Conde Nast, 31 May 2010. Web. 24 Aug. 2016. www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/06/07/no-secrets

18. Ibid.

19. Assange, Julian. “Assange: Why I Founded WikiLeaks.” Newsweek. Newsweek LLC, 10 Mar. 2016. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. www.newsweek.com/julian-assange-why-i-founded-wikileaks-294283

20. Christopher, Hitchens. “Why I Founded WikiLeaks.” Slate. The Slate Group, 6 Dec. 2010. Web. 26 Aug. 2016. www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/fighting_words/2010/12/turn_yourself_in_julian_assange.html

21. Vick, Karl. “WikiLeaks Is Getting Scarier Than the NSA.” Time. Time Inc., 12 Aug. 2016. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. time.com/4450282/wikileaks-julian-assange-dnc-hack-criticism/

22. Bittner, Jochen. “How Julian Assange Is Destroying WikiLeaks.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 07 Feb. 2016. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2016/02/08/opinion/how-julian-assange-is-destroying-wikileaks.html

23. “Julian Assange Sex Assault Allegations: Timeline.” BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation, 5 Feb. 2016. Web. 26 Aug. 2016. www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-11949341

24. Chopping, Dominic. “Julian Assange to Be Questioned at Ecuador’s Embassy in London.” Wall Street Journal. News Corporation, 11 Aug. 2016. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. www.wsj.com/articles/julian-assange-to-be-questioned-at-ecuadors-embassy-in-london-1470914241

25. Wallace, Arturo. “Julian Assange: Why Ecuador Is Offering Asylum.” BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation, 16 Aug. 2012. Web. 22 Aug. 2016. www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-19289649

26. Ibid.

27. “Is Russia Secretly Influencing Wikileaks? I Don’t Think It Started as a Russian Operation, but I’m Starting to Wonder Why Assange and Crew Only Focus on NATO Countries • rconspiracy.” R/conspiracy. Reddit, Oct. 2015. Web. 22 Sept. 2016. www.reddit.comrconspiracy/comments/3pobtq/is_russia_secretly_influencing_wikileaks_i_dont/

28. Ioffe, Julia. “What Is Russia Today?” Columbia Journalism Review. Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism, Sept.-Oct. 2010. Web. 23 Aug. 2016. www.cjr.org/feature/what_is_russia_today.php

29. Ibid.

30. Harding, Luke. “The World Tomorrow: Julian Assange Proves a Useful Idiot.” The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 17 Apr. 2012. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. www.theguardian.com/media/2012/apr/17/world-tomorrow-julian-assange-wikileaks

31. Ibid.

32. Assange, Julian. “Assange: I’ll Be Called a Traitor, Interviewing Radicals.” Interview by RT. RT International. TV Novosti, 16 Apr. 2012. Web. 25 Sept. 2016.

33. Ibid.

34. Wilentz, Sean. “Would You Feel Differently About Snowden, Greenwald, and Assange If You Knew What They Really Thought?” The New Republic. N.p., 19 Jan. 2014. Web. 24 Aug. 2016. newrepublic.com/article/116253/edward-snowden-glenn-greenwald-julian-assange-what-they-believe

35. Bittner, Jochen. “How Julian Assange Is Destroying WikiLeaks.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 07 Feb. 2016. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2016/02/08/opinion/how-julian-assange-is-destroying-wikileaks.html

36. Gayle, Damien. “Julian Assange ‘told Edward Snowden Not Seek Asylum in Latin America’” The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 29 Aug. 2015. Web. 24 Aug. 2016. www.theguardian.com/media/2015/aug/29/julian-assange-told-edward-snowdon-not-seek-asylum-in-latin-america

37. WikiLeaks. “A Vote Today for Hillary Clinton Is a Vote for Endless, Stupid War.” WikiLeaks. N.p., 9 Feb. 2016. Web. 24 Aug. 2016. wikileaks.org/hillary-war/

38. Savage, Charlie. “Assange, Avowed Foe of Clinton, Timed Email Release for Democratic Convention.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 26 July 2016. Web. 26 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2016/07/27/us/politics/assange-timed-wikileaks-release-of-democratic-emails-to-harm-hillary-clinton.html

39. Assange, Julian. “Assange: WikiLeaks to Release ‘significant’ Clinton Material.” Interview by Megyn Kelly. Fox News. News Corporation, 24 Aug. 2016. Web. 25 Aug. 2016.

40. Ibid.

41. Mook, Robby. “Clinton Camp: DNC Hack a Russian Plot to Help Trump.” Interview by Jake Tapper. CNN. Turner Broadcasting System, 24 July 2016. Web. 24 Aug. 2016.

42. Assange, Julian. “Julian Assange: We Have More Material on Clinton.” Interview by Anderson Cooper. CNN. Turner Broadcasting System, 29 July 2016. Web. 25 Aug. 2016.

43. Assange, Julian. “Julian Assange: ‘A Lot More Material’ Coming on US Elections.” Interview by Matthew Chance.CNN. Turner Broadcasting System, 26 July 2016. Web. 25 Aug. 2016.

44. Ibid.

45. Ibid.

46. Assange, Julian. “Assange on Peston on Sunday: ‘More Clinton Leaks to Come’” Interview by Robert Peston. ITV. ITV Network Limited, 12 June 2016. Web. 25 Aug. 2016.

47. ?

Chapter 8

1. Perez, Evan. “Sources: US Officials Warned DNC of Hack Months before the Party Acted.” CNN. Turner Broadcasting System, 7 July 2016. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. www.cnn.com/2016/07/25/politics/democratic-convention-dnc-emails-russia/

2. Nakashima, Ellen. “National Intelligence Director: Hackers Have Targeted 2016 Presidential Campaigns.”Washington Post. The Washington Post Company, 18 May 2016. Web. 01 Sept. 2016. www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/national-intelligence-director-hackers-have-tried-to-spy-on-2016-presidential-campaigns/2016/05/18/2b1745c0-1d0d-11e6-b6e0-c53b7ef63b45_story.html?tid=a_inl

3. Gallagher, Sean. “DNC Staffers: FBI Didn’t Tell Us for Months about Possible Russian Hack.” Ars Technica. Conde Nast, 03 Aug. 2016. Web. 01 Sept. 2016. arstechnica.com/security/2016/08/dnc-staffers-fbi-didnt-tell-us-for-months-about-possible-russian-hack/

4. Nakashima, Ellen. “Russian Government Hackers Penetrated DNC, Stole Opposition Research on Trump.” Washington Post. The Washington Post Company, 14 June 2016. Web. 29 Aug. 2016. www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/russian-government-hackers-penetrated-dnc-stole-opposition-research-on-trump/2016/06/14/cf006cb4-316e-11e6-8ff7-7b6c1998b7a0_story.html

5. Alperovitch, Dmitri. “Bears in the Midst: Intrusion into the Democratic National Committee.” Web log post.CrowdStrike. N.p., 15 June 2016. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. www.crowdstrike.com/blog/bears-midst-intrusion-democratic-national-committee/

6. Ibid.

7. Rid, Thomas (@RidT). “.@pwnallthethings Remarkably the same C2 IP actually is hardcoded in the DNC and BUNDESTAG APT28 samples..” 8 Jul. 2016,1:03 AM. Tweet.

8. Alperovitch, Dmitri. “Bears in the Midst: Intrusion into the Democratic National Committee.” Web log post. CrowdStrike. N.p., 15 June 2016. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. www.crowdstrike.com/blog/bears-midst-intrusion-democratic-national-committee/

9. Ibid.

10. Nakashima, Ellen. “National Intelligence Director: Hackers Have Targeted 2016 Presidential Campaigns.” Washington Post. The Washington Post Company, 18 May 2016. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/national-intelligence-director-hackers-have-tried-to-spy-on-2016-presidential-campaigns/2016/05/18/2b1745c0-1d0d-11e6-b6e0-c53b7ef63b45_story.html

11. Ibid.

12. Franceschi-Bicchierai, Lorenzo. “’Guccifer 2.0’ Is Likely a Russian Government Attempt To Cover Up Their Own Hack.” Motherboard. Vice Media, 23 June 2016. Web. 25 Sept. 2016. motherboard.vice.com/read/guccifer-20-is-likely-a-russian-government-attempt-to-cover-up-their-own-hack

13. Ibid.

14. Alperovitch, Dmitri. “Bears in the Midst: Intrusion into the Democratic National Committee.” Web log post. CrowdStrike. N.p., 15 June 2016. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. www.crowdstrike.com/blog/bears-midst-intrusion-democratic-national-committee/

15. Coldewey, Devin. “WikiLeaks Publishes 19,252 DNC-related Emails Packed with Personal Information.” TechCrunch. AOL, 22 July 2016. Web. 01 Sept. 2016. techcrunch.com/2016/07/22/wikileaks-publishes-19252-dnc-related-emails-packed-with-personal-information/

16. Trump, Donald (@realDonaldTrump). “The Wikileaks e-mail release today was so bad to Sanders that it will make it impossible for him to support her, unless he is a fraud!” 23 Jul. 2016, 2:20 PM. Tweet.

17. WikiLeaks. “No Shit.” WikiLeaks. N.p., 5 May 2016. Web. 1 Sept. 2016. wikileaks.org/dnc-emails/emailid/11508

18. Shear, Michael D., and Matthew Rosenberg. “Released Emails Suggest the D.N.C. Derided the Sanders Campaign.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 22 July 2016. Web. 31 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2016/07/23/us/politics/dnc-emails-sanders-clinton.html?_r=0

19. WikiLeaks. “Bernie Narrative.” WikiLeaks. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Sept. 2016. wikileaks.org/dnc-emails/emailid/11056

20. WikiLeaks. “Re: Sanders If I’m Elected, DNC Would Be out.” WikiLeaks. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Sept. 2016. http://wikileaks.org/dnc-emails/emailid/9999

21. Rappeport, Alan. “3 Top D.N.C. Officials Leave as Upheaval After Email Breach Continues.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 02 Aug. 2016. Web. 31 Sept. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2016/08/03/us/politics/dnc-email-hack-hillary-clinton-bernie-sanders.html?_r=0

22. Healy, Patrick, and Jonathan Martin. “Democrats Struggle for Unity on First Day of Convention.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 25 July 2016. Web. 31 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2016/07/26/us/politics/dnc-speakers-protests-sanders.html?_r=0

23. Assange, Julian. “Julian Assange: We Have More Material on Clinton.” Interview by Anderson Cooper. CNN. Turner Broadcasting System, 29 July 2016. Web. 25 Aug. 2016.

24. Sainato, Michael. “Wikileaks Proves Primary Was Rigged: DNC Undermined Democracy.” Observer. Observer Media, 22 July 2016. Web. 26 Aug. 2016. observer.com/2016/07/wikileaks-proves-primary-was-rigged-dnc-undermined-democracy/

25. Kaczynski, Andrew. “Julian Assange Floats Theory That Murdered DNC Employee Was Informant In Dutch Interview.” BuzzFeed. BuzzFeed, Inc., 9 Aug. 2016. Web. 26 Aug. 2016. www.buzzfeed.com/andrewkaczynski/julian-assange-floats-theory-murdered-dnc-employee-was-infor?utm_term=.cgkB3qzOW#.nkbwrvB08

26. Stahl, Jeremy. “WikiLeaks Is Fanning a Conspiracy Theory That Hillary Murdered a DNC Staffer.” Slate Magazine. The Slate Group, 09 Aug. 2016. Web. 26 Aug. 2016. www.slate.com/blogs/the_slatest/2016/08/09/wikileaks_is_fanning_a_conspiracy_theory_that_hillary_murdered_a_dnc_staffer.html

27. Ibid.

28. Das, Samburaj. “Malware Alert: Files on WikiLeaks Can Infect Your Computer | Hacked.” Hacked. N.p., 26 Aug. 2015. Web. 26 Aug. 2016. www.hacked.com/malware-alert-files-wikileaks-can-infect-computer/

29. Burns, Alexander, Maggie Haberman, and Ashley Parker. “Donald Trump’s Confrontation With Muslim Soldier’s Parents Emerges as Unexpected Flash Point.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 31 July 2016. Web. 1 Sept. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2016/08/01/us/politics/khizr-khan-ghazala-donald-trump-muslim-soldier.html

30. Parker, Ashley, and David Sanger E. “Donald Trump Calls on Russia to Find Hillary Clinton’s Missing Emails.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 27 July 2016. Web. 27 Aug. 2016. http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/28/us/politics/donald-trump-russia-clinton-emails.html

31. Smith, Jeremy Silk. “Roger Stone Claims To Be In Contact With WikiLeaks Founder.” Roll Call. The Economist Group, 09 Aug. 2016. Web. 26 Sept. 2016. www.rollcall.com/news/politics/roger-stone-claims-to-be-in-contact-with-wikileaks-founder

32. Ibid.

33. Fisher, Max. “Donald Trump’s Appeal to Russia Shocks Foreign Policy Experts.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 28 July 2016. Web. 26 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2016/07/29/world/europe/russia-trump-clinton-email-hacking.html

34. King, Bob, and Tim Starks. “Hackers Suspected in New Attack on Democrats.” POLITICO. POLITICO, 28 July 2016. Web. 1 Sept. 2016. www.politico.com/story/2016/07/dccc-hack-fbi-226398

35. Meyer, Josh, Alex Moe, and Tracy Connor. “New Democratic Party Hack ‘Similar’ to Earlier Breach.” NBC News. NBCUniversal News Group, 29 July 2016. Web. 1 Sept. 2016. www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/hack-democratic-congressional-campaign-committee-tied-earlier-breach-n619786

36. “FANCY BEAR Has an (IT) Itch That They Can’t Scratch.” ‘Threat Geek’ Fidelis Cyber Security, 1 Aug. 2016. Web. 28 Aug. 2016. www.threatgeek.com/2016/08/fancy-bear-has-an-it-itch-that-they-cant-scratch.html

37. Ibid.

38. Frenkel, Sheera. “Hackers Behind Leaked DNC Emails Are Still Trying To Hack Democratic Party Members.”BuzzFeed. BuzzFeed, Inc., 2 Aug. 2016. Web. 31 Aug. 2016. www.buzzfeed.com/sheerafrenkel/the-dncs-hackers-are-targeting-democratic-party-members-in-a?utm_term=.yyJlKwpbP#.oeL9YyXN8

39. David, Javier E. “Twitter Suspends Guccifer 2’s Account in Wake of DCCC Hack.” CNBC. NBCUniversal News Group, 13 Aug. 2016. Web. 1 Sept. 2016. www.cnbc.com/2016/08/13/twitter-suspends-guccifer2-after-dccc-hack.html

40. Hosenball, Mark. “Exclusive: Clinton Campaign Also Hacked in Attacks on Democrats.” Reuters. Thomson Reuters, 30 July 2016. Web. 1 Sept. 2016. www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-cyber-democrats-investigation-exc-idUSKCN1092HK

41. CTU Research Team. “Threatgroup 4127 targets Hillary Clinton Presidential Campaign” Secure Works Research. Tech. Secure Works, 16 June 2016. Web. 11 Aug. 2016. www.secureworks.com/research/threat-group-4127-targets-hillary-clinton-presidential-campaign

42. Ibid.

43. Guccifer. “DCCC Docs from Pelosi’s PC.” GUCCIFER 2.0. WordPress, 31 Aug. 2016. Web. 1 Sept. 2016. guccifer2.wordpress.com/2016/08/31/pelosi/

44. Hosenball, Mark, Joseph Menn, and John Walcott. “Exclusive: Clinton Campaign Also Hacked in Attacks on Democrats.” Reuters. Thomson Reuters, 30 July 2016. Web. 1 Sept. 2016. www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-cyber-democrats-investigation-exc-idUSKCN1092HK

45. Lichtblau, Eric. “Computer Systems Used by Clinton Campaign Are Said to Be Hacked, Apparently by Russians.”The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 29 July 2016. Web. 1 Sept. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2016/07/30/us/politics/clinton-campaign-hacked-russians.html?_r=0

46. Carroll, Lauren. “What We Know about Russia’s Role in the DNC Email Leak.” PolitiFact. Tampa Bay Times, 31 July 2016. Web. 1 Sept. 2016. www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/article/2016/jul/31/what-we-know-about-russias-role-dnc-email-leak/

47. NBCNews. “President Obama on Russian DNC Hack Involvement: ‘Anything’s Possible’—NBC News.” NBC News. NBCUniversal News Group, 26 July 2016. Web. 1 Sept. 2016. www.nbcnews.com/nightly-news/video/president-obama-on-russian-dnc-hack-involvement-anything-s-possible-732675139636

48. Isikoff, Michael. “FBI Says Foreign Hackers Penetrated State Election Systems.” Yahoo News. ]Yahoo Inc., 29 Aug. 2016. Web. 1 Sept. 2016. www.yahoo.com/news/fbi-says-foreign-hackers-penetrated-000000175.html

49. Ibid.

50. Salter, Raphael, and Josh Lederman. “’Anything’s Possible’—Obama Points to Russia on DNC Hack.” The Big Story. Associated Press, 26 July 2016. Web. 25 Aug. 2016. bigstory.ap.org/article/a4be29bc14954dbabe2d968ba4a1bf68/cybersecurity-experts-see-merit-claims-russian-hacking

51. The Evolving Nature of Cyber-Espionage. Issue brief. The Soufan Group, 3 Aug. 2016. Web. 31 Aug. 2016. soufangroup.com/tsg-intelbrief-the-evolving-nature-of-cyber-espionage/

Chapter 9

1. Martin, Jonathan, and Amy Chozick. “Donald Trump’s Campaign Stands By Embrace of Putin.” The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 08 Sept. 2016. Web. 31 Aug. 2016. www.nytimes.com/2016/09/09/us/politics/hillary-clinton-donald-trump-putin.html?_r=0

2. 18, LII § 115-2381 (Cornell University Law School 1948). Web.

3. Williams, Katie Bo. “Clinton: Treat Cyberattacks ‘like Any Other Attack’” The Hill. Capitol Hill Publishing Corp., 31 Aug. 2016. Web. 1 Sept. 2016. www.thehill.com/policy/cybersecurity/293970-clinton-treat-cyberattacks-like-any-other-attack

4. “WATCH: Donald Trump’s Terrifying Response When Asked about Cybersecurity.” New Statesman. Progressive Digital Media, 8 Sept. 2016. Web. 10 Sept. 2016. www.newstatesman.com/politics/media/2016/09/watch-donald-trump-s-terrifying-response-when-asked-about-cybersecurity

5. Trump, Donald. “On Russian TV, Trump Says It’s ‘unlikely’ Putin Trying to Sway Election.” Interview by Larry King.CNN. Turner Broadcasting System, 9 Sept. 2016. Web. 10 Sept. 2016.