J. R. R. Tolkien - Author of the Century

List of References

WORKS BY J.R.R. TOLKIEN

The Hobbit, first edition London 1937, cited here from fourth edition, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1978; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1978

‘Leaf by Niggle’, first published in The Dublin Review, January 1945, 46-61, cited here from Tree and Leaf, Smith of Wootton Major, The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth Beorhthelm’s Son, London: Unwin Paperbacks, 1975

Farmer Giles of Ham, first edition London: George Allen & Unwin, 1949; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1950, cited here from Farmer Giles of Ham, The Adventures of Tom Bombadil, London: Unwin Paperbacks, 1975

‘The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth Beorhthelm’s Son’, first published in Essays and Studies 6 (1953), 1-18, cited here from Tree and Leaf (etc.), above

The Lord of the Rings, in three volumes:

I, The Fellowship of the Ring, first edition London: George Allen & Unwin 1954; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1954, cited here from second edition, London: George Allen & Unwin 1966; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1967

II, The Two Towers, first edition London: George Allen & Unwin 1954; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1955, cited here from second edition, London: George Allen & Unwin 1966; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1967

III, The Return of the King, first edition London: George Allen & Unwin 1955; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1956, cited here from second edition, London: George Allen & Unwin 1966; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1967

The Adventures of Tom Bombadil, first edition George Allen & Unwin, 1962; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1963, cited here from Farmer Giles (etc.), above

The Road Goes Ever On: A Song Cycle, Poems by J.R.R. Tolkien, Music by Donald Swann, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1967; London: George Allen & Unwin, 1968

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Pearl, Sir Orfeo, edited by Christopher Tolkien, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1975; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1975

‘Guide to Names in The Lord of the Rings’, revised for publication by Christopher Tolkien, in Jared Lobdell, ed., A Tolkien Compass, La Salle, Ill.: Open Court, 1975, 153-201

The Silmarillion, edited by Christopher Tolkien, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1977; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1977

Pictures by J.R.R. Tolkien, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1979; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1979, revised edition London: HarperCollins, 1992; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1992

Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien, edited by Humphrey Carpenter with the assistance of Christopher Tolkien, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1981; Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1981 (cited in text as Letters)

Unfinished Tales of Númenor and Middle-earth, edited by Christopher Tolkien, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1980; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1980

The Monsters and the Critics and Other Essays, edited by Christopher Tolkien, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1983; Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1984 (cited in text as Essays)

The History of Middle-earth, twelve volumes, all edited by Christopher Tolkien:

I, The Book of Lost Tales, Part One, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1983; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1984

II, The Book of Lost Tales, Part Two, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1984; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1984

III, The Lays of Beleriand, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1985; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1985

IV, The Shaping of Middle-earth: The Quenta, the Ambarkanta, and the Annals, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1986; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1986

V, The Lost Road and Other Writings, London: Unwin Hyman, 1987; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1987

VI, The Return of the Shadow, London: Unwin Hyman, 1988; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1988

VII, The Treason of Isengard, London: Unwin Hyman, 1989; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1989

VIII, The War of the Ring, London: Unwin Hyman, 1990; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1990

IX, Sauron Defeated: The End of the Third Age, the Notion Club Papers and the Drowning of Anadune, London: HarperCollins, 1992; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1992

X, Morgoth’s Ring: The Later Silmarillion, Part One, London: HarperCollins, 1993; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1993

XI, The War of the Jewels: The Later Silmarillion, Part Two, London: HarperCollins, 1994; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1994

XII, The Peoples of Middle-earth, London: HarperCollins, 1996; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1996

The Old English Exodus, edited by Joan Turville-Petre, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981

Finn and Hengest: the Fragment and the Episode, edited by Alan Bliss, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1982; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1983

Tolkien’s separately-published poems and academic works are listed in Carpenter, Biography, below, with further information in Hammond, Bibliography, below.

WORKS OF REFERENCE

Anderson, Douglas A., ed., The Annotated Hobbit, London: Unwin Hyman, 1988; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1988

Blackwelder, Richard A., A Tolkien Thesaurus, New York and London: Garland, 1990

Carpenter, Humphrey, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1977; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1977 (cited in text as Biography)

Clute, John, and John Grant, eds., The Encyclopedia of Fantasy, New York: St Martin’s, 1997

Hammond, Wayne, with the assistance of Douglas A. Anderson, J.R.R. Tolkien: A Descriptive Bibliography, Winchester: St Paul’s Bibliographies; New Castle, Del.: Oak Knoll Books, 1993 (cited in text as Bibliography)

Hostetter, Carl F., http://www.elvish.org/resources.html

Johnson, Judith A., ed., J.R.R. Tolkien: Six Decades of Criticism (Bibliographies and Indexes in World Literature 6), Westport, Conn., and London: Greenwood, 1986

The Oxford English Dictionary, second edition prepared by J.A. Simpson and E.S.C. Weiner, 20 vols., Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1989 (cited in text as OED)

FURTHER REFERENCES

Auden, W.H., ‘At the End of the Quest, Victory’, New York Times Book Review, January 22nd, 1956, p. 5

—‘The Quest Hero’, Texas Quarterly 4 (1961), 81-93, reprinted in Neil D. Isaacs and Rose A. Zimbardo, eds., Tolkien and the Critics: Essays on Tolkien’s ‘The Lord of the Rings’, Notre Dame and London: University of Notre Dame Press, 1968

Battarbee, Keith, ed., Proceedings of the Tolkien Phenomenon (Anglica Turkuensia 12), Turku, Finland: University of Turku Press, 1993

Carey, John, The Intellectuals and the Masses: Pride and Prejudice among the literary intelligentsia, 1880-1939, New York: St Martin’s, 1993

Clark, George, and Dan Timmons, eds., J.R.R. Tolkien and his Literary Resonances: Views of Middle-earth, Westport, Conn. and London: Greenwood Press, 2000

Curry, Patrick, Defending Middle-earth, New York: St Martin’s, 1997; London: HarperCollins 1998

—‘Tolkien and his Critics: A Critique’, in Honegger, ed., below, 81-148

Doughan, David, ‘In Search of the Bounce: Tolkien seen through Smith’, in Leaves from the Tree, below, 17-22

Drabble, Margaret, ed., The Oxford Companion to English Literature, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1998

Duggan, Alfred, ‘Heroic Endeavour’, Times Literary Supplement, August 27th, 1954, 541

—‘The Epic of Westernesse’, TLS, December 17th, 1954, 817

—‘The Saga of Middle Earth’, TLS, November 25th, 1955, 704

Flieger, Verlyn, Splintered Light: Logos and Language in Tolkien’s World, Grand Rapids, Mich.: William B. Eerdmans, 1983

—A Question of Time: J.R.R. Tolkien’s Road to Faerie, Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1997

—and Carl F. Hostetter, eds., Tolkien’s ‘Legendarium’: Essays on ‘The History of Middle-earth’ (Contributions to the Study of Science Fiction and Fantasy 86), Westport, Conn., and London: Greenwood, 2000

Golding, William, ‘Fable’, in The Hot Gates, London: Faber & Faber, 1965, 85-101

Gordon, Ida L., ed., Pearl, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1953

Graves, Robert, Goodbye to All That, first published London: Jonathan Cape, 1929, cited here from the Penguin Books edition, Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1960

Green, Martin, Children of the Sun: A Narrative of ‘Decadence’ in England after 1918, London: Constable, 1977

Greer, Germaine, ‘The Book of the Century?’, W. The Waterstone’s Magazine 8 (Winter/Spring 1997), 2-9

Groden, Michael, and Martin Kreiswirth, eds., Johns Hopkins Guide to Literary Theory and Criticism, Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994

Hammond, Wayne, J.R.R. Tolkien, Artist and Illustrator, London: HarperCollins, 1995: Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1995

—‘ “A Continuing and Evolving creation”: Distractions in the Later History of Middle-earth’, in Flieger and Hostetter, above, 19-29

Hardy, James, ed., The Denham Tracts, London: Folklore Society, 2 vols. 1891-5

Honegger, Thomas, ed., Root and Branch: Approaches towards Understanding Tolkien, Zurich and Bern: Walking Tree Publishers, 1999

Hostetter, Carl F., and Arden R. Smith, ‘A Mythology for England’, in Reynolds and GoodKnight, below, 281-90

Leaves from the Tree: J.R.R. Tolkien’s Shorter Fiction, no editor, London: Tolkien Society, 1991

Lewis, Alex, ‘The Lost Heart of the Little Kingdom’, in Leaves from the Tree, above, 33-44

Lewis, C.S., The Screwtape Letters, with Screwtape Proposes a Toast, New York: Macmillan, 1961

—Mere Christianity, first published 1952, cited here from the Fontana paperback, London: Fontana, 1955

Manlove, Colin, Modern Fantasy: Five Studies, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1975

Muir, Edwin, ‘Strange Epic’, Observer, August 22nd, 1954, 7

—‘The Ring’, Observer, November 21st, 1954, 9

—‘A Boy’s World’, Observer, November 27th, 1955, 11

Noad, Charles, ‘On the Construction of “The Silmarillion”’, in Flieger and Hostetter, above, 31-68

Pearce, Joseph, Tolkien: Man and Myth, London: HarperCollins, 1998; San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 1998

Rateliff, John, ‘The Lost Road, The Dark Tower, and The Notion Club Papers: Tolkien and Lewis’s Time-Travel Triad’, in Flieger and Hostetter, above, 199-218

Reynolds, Patricia, and Glen H. GoodKnight, eds., Proceedings of the J.R.R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, Milton Keynes: Tolkien Society, and Altadena, Calif.: Mythopoeic Press, 1995

Roberts, Mark, Essays in Criticism 6 (1956), 450-9

Senior, William A., Stephen R. Donaldson’s ‘Chronicles of Thomas Covenant’: Variations on the Fantasy Tradition, Kent, Ohio, and London: Kent State University Press, 1995

Shippey, T.A., The Road to Middle-earth, second edition, London: Grafton, 1992

—‘Tolkien and ‘The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth”, in Leaves from the Tree, above, 5-16

—‘Tolkien as a Post-War Writer’, in Battarbee, ed., above, 217-36, reprinted in Reynolds and Good Knight, eds., above, 84-93

—‘Ores, Wraiths, Wights: Tolkien’s Images of Evil’, in Clark and Timmons, eds., above, 181-96

—ed., The Oxford Book of Fantasy Stories, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1994

Suvin, Darko, Metamorphoses of Science Fiction: On the Poetics and History of a Literary Genre, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1979

Thomas, Paul Edmund, ‘Some of Tolkien’s Narrators’, in Flieger and Hostetter, above, 161-81

Tolkien, Christopher, ed. and trans., The Saga of King Heidrek the Wise, London: Nelson, 1960

Toynbee, Philip, ‘The Writer’s Catechism’, Observer, April 23rd, 1961, 80

—no title, Observer, August 6th, 1961

Unwin, Rayner, ‘Publishing Tolkien’, in Reynolds and Good Knight, eds., above, 26-9

White, T.H., The Book of Merlyn, Austin, Tx.: Texas University Press, 1977; London: William Collins, 1978

Wilson, Edmund, Axel’s Castle, New York and London: C. Scribner’s Sons, 1931

—‘Oo, Those Awful Orcs!’, Nation 182, April 14th, 1956, 312-13, reprinted in Wilson, The Bit between my Teeth: A Literary Chronicle of 1950-1965, New York: Farrer, Straus and Giroux, 1965, 326-32

Wynne, Patrick, and Hostetter, Carl F., ‘Three Elvish Verse-Modes: Ann-thennath, Minlamad thent/estent, and Linnod, in Flieger and Hostetter, above, 113-39

Yates, Jessica, ‘Macaulay and “The Battle of the Eastern Field’“, Mallorn, 13 (1979), 3-5

—‘The Source of “The Lay of Aotrou and Itroun”’, in Leaves from the Tree, above, 63-71

—‘Tolkien the Anti-totalitarian’, in Reynolds and GoodKnight, above, 233-45