Эволюция будущего

БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

Adams, J., and F. Woodward. 1992. The past as key to the future: The use of paleoenvironmental understanding to predict the effects of man on the biosphere. Advances in Ecological Research 22: 257-309.

Akam, M., et al., eds. 1994. The Evolution of Developmental Mechanisms. Cambridge: Company of Biologists.

Alvarez, L., W. Alvarez, F. Asaro, and H. Michel. 1980. Extra-terrestrial cause for the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction. Science 208: 1094-1108.

Benton, M. 1995. Diversification and extinction in the history of life. Science 268: 52-58.

Bourgeois, J. 1994. Tsunami deposits and the K/T boundary: A sedimentologist’s perspective. Lunar Planetary Institute Cont. 825, p. 16.

Brown, L., C. Flavin, and H. French. 1999. State of the World, 1999. New York: Norton/Worldwatch Books.

Caldeira, K., and J. F. Kasting. 1992. The life span of the biosphere revisited. Nature 360: 721-723.

Caldeira, K., and J. F. Kasting. 1992. Susceptibility of the early Earth to irreversible glaciation caused by carbon ice clouds. Nature 359: 226-228.

Calvin, W. 1998. The great climate flip-flop. Atlantic Monthly, January, 47-54.

Carroll, S. B. 1995. Homeotic genes and the evolution of arthropods and chordates. Nature 376: 479-485.

Ceballos, G., and J. Brown. 1995. Global patterns of mammalian diversity, endemism and endangerment. Conservation Biology 9: 559-568.

Cohen, J. 1995. How Many People Can the Earth Support? New York: W. W. Norton.

Conway Morris, S. 1990. Late Precambrian and Cambrian soft-bodied faunas. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 18: 101-122.

Conway Morris, S. 1992. Burgess Shale-type faunas in the context of the “Cambrian explosion”: A review. Journal of the Geological Society (London) 149: 631-636.

Conway Morris, S. 1993. Ediacaran-like fossils in Cambrian Burgess Shale-type faunas of North America. Palaeontology 36: 593-635.

Conway Morris, S. 1993. The fossil record and the early evolution of the Metazoa. Nature 361: 219-225.

Covey, С., S. Thompson, P. Weissman, and M. Maccracken. 1994. Global climatic effects of atmospheric dust from an asteroid or comet impact on Earth. Global and Planetary Change 9: 263-273.

Davis, S., et al. 1986. Plants in Danger: What Do We Know? Gland, Switzerland: International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources.

DiSilvestro, R. 1989. The Endangered Kingdom: The Struggle to Save America’s Wildlife. New York: John Wiley.

Dole, 8. H. 1964. Habitable Planets for Man. New York: Blaisdell.

Dyson, G. B. 1997. Darwin among the Machines: The Evolution of Global Intelligence. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.

Ehrlich, P. 1987. Population biology, conservation biology, and the future of humanity. Bioscience 37: 757-763.

Eldredge, N. 1991. The Miner’s Canary: Unraveling the Mysteries of Extinction. New York: Prentice Hall.

Ellis, J., and D. Schramm. 1995. Could a supernova explosion have caused a mass extinction? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A. 92: 235-238.

Erwin. D. 1993. The Great Paleozoic Crisis: Life and Death in the Permian. New York: Columbia University Press.

Erwin, D. 1994. The Permo-Triassic extinction. Nature 367: 231-236.

Erwin, D. H. 1993. The origin of metazoan development. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 50: 255-274.

Erwin, T. 1991. An evolutionary basis for conservation strategies. Science 253: 750-752.

Fuller, E. 1987. Extinct Birds. New York: Facts on File Publications.

Gagne, W. 1988. Conservation priorities in Hawaiian natural systems. BioScience 38: 264-271.

Garrett, L. 1994. The Coming Plague: Newly Emerging Diseases in a World out of Balance. New York: Penguin.

Gehrels, Т., ed. 1994. Hazards due to Comets and Asteroids. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.

Gleiser, M. 1997. The Dancing Universe: From Creation Myths to the Big Bang. New York: Dutton.

Gott, J. 1993. Implications of the Copernican Principle for our future prospects. Nature 363: 315-319.

Goudie, A., and H. Viles. 1997. The Earth Transformed. Oxford: Blackwell.

Gould, F. 1991. The evolutionary potential of crop pests. American Scientist 79: 496-507.

Gould, 8. 1994. The evolution of life on Earth. Scientific American 271: 85-91.

Gould, S. J. 1986. Wonderful Life: The Burgess Shale and the Nature of History. New York: W. W. Norton.

Gould, S. J. 1991. The disparity of the Burgess Shale arthropod fauna and the limits of cladistic analysis: Why we must strive to quantify morphospace. Paleobiology 17: 411 — 423.

Grayson, D. 1991. Late Pleistocene mammalian extinctions in North America: Taxonomy, chronology and explanations. Journal of World Prehistory 5: 19.

Gribbin, J. R. 1990. Hothouse Earth: The Greenhouse Effect and Gaia. New York: Grove Weidenfeld.

Groombridge, В., ed. 1992. Global Biodiversity: Status of the Earth’s Living Resources. London: Chapman and Hall.

Grotzinger, J. P., 8. A. Bowring, B. Saylor, and A. J. Kauffman. 1995. New biostratigraphic and geochronological constraints on early animal evolution. Science 270: 598-604.

Hallam, A. 1994. The earliest Triassic as an anoxic event, and its relationship to the End-Paleozoic mass extinction. In Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir 17, 797-804.

Hallam, A., and P. Wignall. 1997. Mass Extinctions and Their Aftermath. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Hofman, P., A. Kaurfman, G. Halverson, and D. Schrag. 1998. A Neoproterozoic Snowball Earth. Science 281:1342-1346.

Hsu, K., and J. Mckenzie. 1990. Carbon isotope anomalies at era boundaries: Global catastrophes and their ultimate cause. In Global Catastrophes in Earth History, edited by V. Sharpton and P. Ward, 61-70. Special Paper 247. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Isozaki, Y. 1994. Superanoxia across the Permo-Triassic boundary: Record in accreted deep-sea pelagic chert in Japan. In Global Environments and Resources. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists, Mem. 17, p. 805-812.

Jablonski, D. 1991. Extinctions: A paleontological perspective. Science 253: 754-757.

Jablonski, D. 1993. The tropics as a source of evolutionary novelty. Nature 364: 142-144.

Joy, W. 2000. Why the future does not need us. Wired, April, 238-262.

Kappen, C., and F. H. Ruddle. 1993. Evolution of a regulatory gene family: HOM/Hox genes. Current Opinion in Genetics and Development 3: 931-938.

Kathen, A. de. 1996. The impact of transgenic crop releases on biodiversity in developing countries. Biotech, and Development Monitor, no. 28: 10-14.

Kirchner, J. W., and A. Weil. 2000. Delayed biological recovery from extinctions throughout the fossil record. Nature 404: 177-180.

Kirschvink, J. A. 1992. Paleogeographic model for Vendian and Cambrian time. In The Proterozoic Biosphere: A Multidisciplinary Study, edited by J. W. Schopf, C. Klein, and D. Des Maris, 567-581. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Knoll, A., R. Bambach, D. Canfield, and J. Grotzinger. 1996. Comparative Earth history and Late Permian mass extinction. Science 273: 452-457.

Kruess, A., and T. Tscharntke. 1994. Habitat fragmentation, species loss and biological control. Science 264: 1581-1584.

Kurzweil, R. 1999. The Age of Spiritual Machines: When Computers Exceed Human Intelligence. New York: Viking.

Lewis, J. S. 1999. Comet and Asteroid Impact Hazards on a Populated Earth. San Diego: Academic Press.

Lovelock, J. 1979. Gaia: A New Look at Life on Earth. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Maher, K. A., and J. D. Stevenson. 1988. Impact frustration of the origin of life. Nature 331: 612-614.

Marshall, C., and P. Ward. 1996. Sudden and gradual molluscan extinctions in the latest Cretaceous of Western European Tethys. Science 274: 1360-1363.

May, R. 1988. How many species are there on Earth? Science 241: 1441-1449.

McKinney, M., ed. 1998. Diversity Dynamics. New York: Columbia University Press.

Morante, R. 1996. Permian and early Triassic isotopic records of carbon and strontium events in Australia and a scenario of events about the Permian-Triassic boundary. Historical Geology 11: 289-310.

Myers, N. 1985. The end of the lines. Natural History 94: 2-12.

Myers, N. 1993. Questions of mass extinction. Biodiversity and Conservation 2: 2-17.

Myers, N. 1996. The biodiversity crisis and the future of evolution. The Environmentalist 16: 124-136.

Pace, N. R. 1991. Origin of life: Facing up to the physical setting. Cell 65: 531-533.

Paine, R., M. Tegner, and E. Johnson. 1998. Compounded perturbations yield ecological surprises. Ecosystem 1: 535 — 545.

Pimm, S. 1991. The Balance of Nature: Ecological Issues in the Conservation of Species and Communities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Pimm, S., G. Russell, J. Gittleman, and Т Brooks. 1995. The future of biodiversity. Science 269: 347-354.

Pope, K., A. Baines, A. Ocampo, and B. Ivanov. 1994. Impact winter and the Cretaceous Tertiary extinctions: Results of a Chicxulub asteroid impact model. Earth and Planetary Science Express 128: 719-725.

Raff, R. A. 1996. The Shape of Life: Genes, Development, and the Evolution of Animal Form. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Rampino, M., and K. Caldeira. 1993. Major episodes of geologic change: Correlation, time structure and possible causes. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 114: 215-227.

Raup, D. 1979. Size of the Permo-Triassic bottleneck and its evolutionary implications. Science 206: 217-218.

Raup, D. 1990. Impact as a general cause of extinction: A feasibility test. In Global Catastrophes in Earth History, edited by V. Sharpton and P. Ward, 27-32. Special Paper 247. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Raup, D. 1991. A kill curve for Phanerozoic marine species. Paleobiology 17: 37-48.

Raup, D., and J. Sepkoski. 1984. Periodicity of extinction in the geologic past Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A. 81: 801-805.

Raven, P. 1990. The politics of preserving biodiversity. BioScience 40: 769-774.

Retallack, G. 1995. Permian-Triassic crisis on land. Science 267: 77-80.

Sagan, C., and C. Chyba. 1997. The early faint sun paradox: Organic shielding of ultraviolet-labile greenhouse gases. Science 276: 1217-1221.

Salvadori, К 1990. Rare Animals of the World. New York: Mallard Press.

Sepkoski, J. 1984. A model of Phanerozoic taxonomic diversity. Paleobiology 10: 246-267.

Schindewolf, O. 1963. Neokatastrophismus? Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 114: 430-445.

Schwartzman, D., M. McMenamin, and Т Volk. 1993. Did surface temperatures constrain microbial evolution? BioScience 43: 390-393.

Sheehan, P., D. Fastovsky, G. Hoffman, C. Berghaus, and D. Gabriel. 1991. Sudden extinction of the dinosaurs: Latest Cretaceous, Upper Great Plains, U.S.A. Science 254: 835-839.

Sigurdsson, H., S. D’hondt, and S. Carey. 1992. The impact of the Cretaceous-Tertiary bolide on evaporite terrain and generation of major sulfuric acid aerosol. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 109: 543-559.

Sleep, N. H., K. J. Zahnle, J. F. Kasting, and H. J. Morowitz. 1989. Annihilation of ecosystems by large asteroid impacts on the Earth. Nature 342: 139-142.

Stanley, S. 1987. Extinctions. New York: W. H. Freeman and Company.

Stanley, S., and X. Yang. 1994. A double mass extinction at the end of the Paleozoic era. Science 266:1340-1344.

Stenseth, N. 1984. The tropics: Cradle or museum? Oikos 43: 417-420.

Stone, C., and D. Stone, eds. 1989. Conservation Biology in Hawaii. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

Stuart, C., and Т Stuart. A field guide to the larger animals of Africa. Cape Town: Struik Publishers.

Teichert, C. 1990. The end-Permian extinction. In Extinction Events in Earth History, edited by E. Kauffman and O. Walliser, 161-190. New York: Springer-Verlag.

Towe, К. М. 1994. Earth’s early atmosphere: Constraints and opportunities for early evolution. In Early Life on Earth, edited by S. Bengston, 36-47. Nobel Symposium no. 84. New York: Columbia University Press.

Valentine, J. W. 1994. Late Precambrian bilaterians: Grades and clades. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U. S. A. 91: 6751-6757.

Valentine, J. W., D. H. Erwin, and D. Jablonski. 1996. Developmental evolution of metazoan body plans: The fossil evidence. Developmental Biology 173: 373-381.

van Andel, Т. Н. 1985. New Views on an Old Planet. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Vermeij, G. 1991. When biotas meet: Understanding biotic interchange. Science 253: 1099-1103.

Walker, J. C. G. 1977 Evolution of the Atmosphere. London: Macmillan.

Ward, P. 1990. The Cretaceous/Tertiary extinctions in the marine realm: A 1990 perspective: In Global Catastrophes in Earth History, edited by V. Sharpton and P. Ward, 425-432. Special Paper 247. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Ward, P. 1994. The End of Evolution. New York: Bantam Doubleday Dell.

Ward, P., and D. Brownlee. 2000. Rare Earth: Why Complex Life Is Uncommon in the Universe. New York: Copernicus (Springer Verlag).

Ward, P., and W. Kennedy. 1993. Maastrichtian ammonites from the Biscay region (France and Spain). Journal of Paleontology, Memoir 34 67.

Ward, P., W. J. Kennedy, K. MacLeod, and J. Mount. 1991. Ammonite and inoceramid bivalve extinction patterns in Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary sections of the Biscay Region (southwest France, northern Spain). Geology 19:1181.

Ward, P. D. 1990. A review of Maastrichtian ammonite ranges. In Global Catastrophes in Earth History, edited by V. Sharpton and P. Ward, 519-530. Special Paper 247. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Whitmore, T. 1990. An Introduction to Tropical Rain Forests. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Wilmer, P. 1990. Invertebrate Relationships: Patterns in Animal Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Wilson, E. 1992. The Diversity of Life. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Woese, C. R. 1987. Bacterial evolution. Microbiological Reviews 51: 221-271.

Woese, C. R., O. Kandler, and M. L. Wheelis. 1990. Towards a natural system of organisms: Proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A. 87: 4576-4579.