The Grammaring Guide to English Grammar with Exercises

Appendix: irregular verb forms

Base form » Past tense » Past participle

arise

»

arose

»

arisen

awake

»

awoke

»

awoken

be

»

was, were

»

been

bear

»

bore

»

borne

beat

»

beat

»

beaten

become

»

became

»

become

befall

»

befell

»

befallen

begin

»

began

»

begun

behold

»

beheld

»

beheld

bend

»

bent

»

bent

bet

»

bet

»

bet

bid

»

bid

»

bid

bind

»

bound

»

bound

bite

»

bit

»

bitten

bleed

»

bled

»

bled

blow

»

blew

»

blown

break

»

broke

»

broken

breed

»

bred

»

bred

bring

»

brought

»

brought

broadcast

»

broadcast

»

broadcast

build

»

built

»

built

burn

»

burnt/burned

»

burnt/burned

burst

»

burst

»

burst

buy

»

bought

»

bought

cast

»

cast

»

cast

catch

»

caught

»

caught

choose

»

chose

»

chosen

cling

»

clung

»

clung

come

»

came

»

come

cost

»

cost

»

cost

creep

»

crept

»

crept

cut

»

cut

»

cut

deal

»

dealt

»

dealt

dig

»

dug

»

dug

do

»

did

»

done

draw

»

drew

»

drawn

dream

»

dreamt/dreamed

»

dreamt/dreamed

drink

»

drank

»

drunk

drive

»

drove

»

driven

eat

»

ate

»

eaten

fall

»

fell

»

fallen

feed

»

fed

»

fed

feel

»

felt

»

felt

fight

»

fought

»

fought

find

»

found

»

found

fit

»

fit/fitted

»

fit/fitted

flee

»

fled

»

fled

fling

»

flung

»

flung

fly

»

flew

»

flown

forbid

»

forbade

»

forbidden

forecast

»

forecast

»

forecast

forego

»

forewent

»

foregone

foresee

»

foresaw

»

foreseen

foretell

»

foretold

»

foretold

forget

»

forgot

»

forgotten

forgive

»

forgave

»

forgiven

forsake

»

forsook

»

forsaken

freeze

»

froze

»

frozen

get

»

got

»

got

give

»

gave

»

given

go

»

went

»

gone

grind

»

ground

»

ground

grow

»

grew

»

grown

hang

»

hung

»

hung

have

»

had

»

had

hear

»

heard

»

heard

hide

»

hid

»

hidden

hit

»

hit

»

hit

hold

»

held

»

held

hurt

»

hurt

»

hurt

keep

»

kept

»

kept

kneel

»

knelt/kneeled

»

knelt/kneeled

knit

»

knit/knitted

»

knit/knitted

know

»

knew

»

known

lay

»

laid

»

laid

lead

»

led

»

led

lean

»

leant/leaned

»

leant/leaned

leap

»

leapt/leaped

»

leapt/leaped

learn

»

learnt/learned

»

learnt/learned

leave

»

left

»

left

lend

»

lent

»

lent

let

»

let

»

let

lie

»

lay

»

lain

light

»

lit/lighted

»

lit/lighted

lose

»

lost

»

lost

make

»

made

»

made

mean

»

meant

»

meant

meet

»

met

»

met

mislay

»

mislaid

»

mislaid

mislead

»

misled

»

misled

mistake

»

mistook

»

mistaken

mow

»

mowed

»

mown/mowed

pay

»

paid

»

paid

prove

»

proved

»

proven/proved

put

»

put

»

put

quit

»

quit

»

quit

read /ri:d/

»

read /red/

»

read /red/

rid

»

rid

»

rid

ride

»

rode

»

ridden

ring

»

rang

»

rung

rise

»

rose

»

risen

run

»

ran

»

run

say

»

said

»

said

see

»

saw

»

seen

seek

»

sought

»

sought

sell

»

sold

»

sold

send

»

sent

»

sent

set

»

set

»

set

sew

»

sewed

»

sewn

shake

»

shook

»

shaken

shear

»

sheared

»

shorn/sheared

shed

»

shed

»

shed

shine

»

shone/shined

»

shone/shined

shoot

»

shot

»

shot

show

»

showed

»

shown

shrink

»

shrank/shrunk

»

shrunk

shut

»

shut

»

shut

sing

»

sang

»

sung

sit

»

sat

»

sat

slay

»

slew

»

slain

sleep

»

slept

»

slept

slide

»

slid

»

slid

sling

»

slung

»

slung

slit

»

slit

»

slit

smell

»

smelt/smelled

»

smelt/smelled

speak

»

spoke

»

spoken

speed

»

sped/speeded

»

sped/speeded

spell

»

spelt/spelled

»

spelt/spelled

spend

»

spent

»

spent

spin

»

spun

»

spun

spit

»

spat

»

spat

split

»

split

»

split

spoil

»

spoilt/spoiled

»

spoilt/spoiled

spread

»

spread

»

spread

spring

»

sprang

»

sprung

stand

»

stood

»

stood

steal

»

stole

»

stolen

stick

»

stuck

»

stuck

sting

»

stung

»

stung

stink

»

stank/stunk

»

stunk

stride

»

strode

»

stridden

strike

»

struck

»

struck

string

»

strung

»

strung

strive

»

strove

»

striven

swear

»

swore

»

sworn

sweep

»

swept

»

swept

swell

»

swelled

»

swollen

swim

»

swam

»

swum

swing

»

swung

»

swung

take

»

took

»

taken

teach

»

taught

»

taught

tear

»

tore

»

torn

tell

»

told

»

told

think

»

thought

»

thought

throw

»

threw

»

thrown

thrust

»

thrust

»

thrust

tread

»

trod

»

trodden

understand

»

understood

»

understood

wake

»

woke

»

woken

wear

»

wore

»

worn

weave

»

wove

»

woven

weep

»

wept

»

wept

wet

»

wet/wetted

»

wet/wetted

win

»

won

»

won

wind

»

wound

»

wound

wring

»

wrung

»

wrung

write

»

wrote

»

written