Icon and Axe

ILLUSTRATIONS

MAP: MODERN EUROPEAN RUSSIA

FORMS OF THE VIRGIN

I “Vladimir Mother of God,” early twelfth century, Constantinople Tret’iakov Gallery, Moscow

II “Virgin and Child Rejoicing,” mid-sixteenth-century painting from the upper Volga region, probably Kostroma Tret’iakov Gallery, Moscow

III Virgin and Christ from the central triptych (deēsis) of a sixteenth-century icon screen Personal Collection of P. D. Korin, Moscow

IV “Petersburg, 1918” (popularly known as “Our Lady of Petersburg”) by Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin, 1920 Tret’iakov Gallery, Moscow

THEME AND VARIATIONS IN ICONOGRAPHY

V “Old Testament Trinity” by Andrew Rublev, painted for the Monastery of St. Sergius and the Holy Trinity, 1420’s Tret’iakov Gallery, Moscow

VI A Trinity of the Pskov School, mid-fifteenth century Tret’iakov Gallery, Moscow

VII The Trinity by Simon Ushakov, 1670 Russian Museum, Leningrad

THE NEW PORTRAITURE

VIII Painting of F. Demidov by D. Levitsky, completed in 1773 Tret’iakov Gallery, Moscow

THE EVOLUTION OF OLD RUSSIAN ARCHITECTURE

IX Cathedral of St. Dmitry in Vladimir, 1197

X Church of the Annunciation over the entrance to the women’s monastery of the Protection of the Virgin in Suzdal, early sixteenth century

XI Church of the Epiphany at Chelmuzhi, Karelia, 1605

XII Church of the Transfiguration at Kizhi, Karelia, 1714

REPIN AND RUSSIAN NATIONALISM

XIII Ivan the Terrible with his murdered son by Ilya Repin, 1885 Tret’iakov Gallery, Moscow

XIV Musorgsky by Repin, 1881 Tret’iakov Gallery, Moscow

XV “Haulers on the Volga” by Repin, 1870-3 Russian Museum, Leningrad

CHRIST DETHRONED

XVI “Appearance of Christ to the People” by Alexander Ivanov, 1833-57 Tret’iakov Gallery, Moscow

XVII The Crucifixion by Nicholas Ge, 1891 Tret’iakov Gallery, Moscow

VRUBEL AND THE DEVIL

XVIII “The Demon Seated” by Michael Vrubel, 1890 Tret’iakov Gallery, Moscow

XIX “The Demon Prostrate” by Vrubel, 1902 Tret’iakov Gallery, Moscow

A SATIRICAL VIEW OF RUSSIAN LIBERALISM

XX Masthead introduced in January 1861 in the satirical journal Iskra

MALEVICH’S ART OF OUTER SPACE

XXI “Dynamic Suprematism” by Malevich Tret’iakov Gallery, Moscow

XXII “Woman with a Rake” by Malevich Tret’iakov Gallery, Moscow