Young Stalin

20

1. Beso-Keke marriage. The main source of this chapter, unless otherwise stated, is Keke herself in her memoirs, GF IML 8.2.15.2–15, E. G. Djugashvhili, recorded on 23, 25, 27 Aug. 1935 by L. Kasradze (henceforth Keke). Marriage records: GF IML 8.5.213 and RGASPI 558.4.1.1, Zaria Vostoka, 8 June 1937, and RGASPI 558.4.665, M. K. Abramidze-Tsikhatatrishvili. Keke’s chestnut hair, slender, large eyes: GF IML 8.2.1.1.143–6, M. K. Abramidze-Tsikhatatrishvili. Keke pretty, Beso a runt: Davrichewy, p. 26. Beso’s originality: GF IML 8.2.1.48, N. Tlashadze. Gori weddings: D. Suliashvili, Uchenichesky gody (henceforth Suliashvili), p. 24. Sources quoted from: V. Kaminsky and I. Vereshchagin, “Detstvo i yunost vozhdya” (henceforth Kaminsky-Vereshchagin). The home: V. Vishnevsky, “Domik v Gori,” Zaria Vostoka, 27 Dec. 1937, pp. 27–28.

Georgian behaviour ritualized: D. Rayfield, Stalin and the Hangmen, p. 15. Singing on way to market: Kun, p. 227.