Правила еды. Передовые идеи в области питания, которые позволят предотвратить распространенные заболевания

Источники

Предисловие

1 Yzaguirre, M. R. The decline of university tenure makes it harder to defend politically. The Hill. (2017).

https://thehill.com/blogs/pundits-blog/education/319979-the-decline-of-university-tenure-makes-it-harder-to-defend.

Вступление

1 US Senate, Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs. Dietary goals for the United States, 2nd ed. (US Government Printing Office, 1977), 83.

2 National Research Council. Recommended dietary allowances, 9th ed. (National Academies Press, 1980).

3 Committee on Diet, Nutrition, and Cancer. Diet, nutrition and cancer. (National Academies Press, 1982).

4 Committee on Diet, Nutrition, and Cancer. Diet, nutrition and cancer: Directions for research. (National Academies Press, 1983).

5 Jukes, T. H. The day that food was declared a poison. 42–45 (Council for Agricultural Science and Technology, Ames, IO, 1982).

6 Garst, J. E. Comments on diet, nutrition and cancer. 28–29 (Ames, IA, 1982).

Глава 1

1 Nichols, H. What are the leading causes of death in the US? Medical News Today (2019). https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/282929.php.

2 Esselstyn, C. B., Jr., Gendy, G., Doyle, J., Golubic, M., & Roizen, M. F. A way to reverse CAD? J Fam. Pract. 63, 356–364b (2014).

3 Doll, R. & Peto, R. The causes of cancer: quantitative estimates of avoidable risks of cancer in the United States today. J Natl Cancer Inst 66, 1191–1308 (1981).

4 Statista. Global pharmaceutical industry – statistics and facts (2017). https://www.statista.com/topics/1764/global-pharmaceutical-industry/.

5 Preidt, R. Americans taking more prescription drugs than ever. WebMD (2017). https://www.webmd.com/drug-medication/news/20170803/americans-taking-more-prescription-drugs-than-ever-survey.

6 Fuller, P. Kiwi doctors lobby for crackdown on drug ads. Stuff (2018). https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/health/107546694/advertising-prescription-drugs-should-it-be-allowed-in-nz.

7 Amadeo, K. The rising cost of health care by year and its causes. The Balance (2019). https://www.thebalance.com/causes-of-rising-healthcare-costs-4064878.

8 Kane, J. Health care costs: how the U.S. compares with other countries. PBS NewsHour (2012). https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/health-costs– how-the-us-compares-with-other-countries.

9 World Health Organization. Diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases. Report of a Joint WHO/FAO Expert Consultation. (World Health Organization, 2003).

1 °Crimmins, E. M. & Beltran-Sanchez, H. Mortality and morbidity trends: is there compression of morbidity? J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 66, 75–86, doi:10.1093/geronb/gbq088 (2011).

11 Hanowell, B. Life expectancy is, overall, increasing. SlateGroup (2016). https://slate.com/technology/2016/12/life-expectancy-is-still-increasing.html.

12 Solly, M. U.S. life expectancy drops for third year in a row, reflecting rising drug overdoses, suicides. Smart News (2018). https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/us-life-expectancy-drops-third-year-row-reflecting-rising-drug-overdose-suicide-rates-180970942/.

13 Redfield, R. R. CDC director’s media statement on US life expectancy. (US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC Newsroom, 2018). https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/s1129-USlife-expectancy.html

14 Himmelstein, D. E., Warren, E., Thorne, D., & Woolhander, S. Illness and injury as contributors to bankruptcy. Health Affairs Web Exclusive W5–63 (2009).

15 Avalere Health LLC. Total cost of cancer care by site of service: physician office vs outpatient hospital (2012). http://www.communityoncology.org/pdfs/avalere-cost-of-cancer-care-study.pdf.

16 Beltran-Sanchez, H., Preston, S. H., & Canudas-Romo, V. An integrated approach to cause-ofdeath analysis: cause-deleted life tables and decompositions of life expectancy. Demogr Res 19, 1323, doi:10.4054/DemRes.2008.19.35 (2008).

17 Vallin, J. & Mesle, F. The segmented trend line of highest life expectancies. Pop. Develop. Rev. 35159–187, http://www.jstor.org/stable/25487645 (2009).

18 Kamal, R., Cox, C., & McDermott, D. What Are the Recent and Forecasted Trends in Prescription Drug Spending? Growth in Prescription Spending Has Slowed Again in 2017, after Increasing Rapidly in 2014 and 2015. Peterson-KFF Health System Tracker (2019). https://www.healthsystemtracker.org/chart-collection/recent-forecasted-trends-prescription-drug-spending/#item-start.

19 Light, D. W. New prescription drugs: a major health risk with few offsetting advantages. (2014). https://ethics.harvard.edu/blog/new-prescription-drugs-major-health-risk-few-offsetting-advantages.

20 Public Citizen’s Health Research Group. Worst pills, best pills. An expert, independent second opinion on more than 1,800 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications and supplements (2019). https://www.worstpills.org/public/page.cfm?op_id=4.

21 Starfield, B. Primary care: balancing health needs, services, and technology (Oxford University Press, 1998).

22 US Food & Drug Administration. Preventable adverse drug reactions: a focus on drug interactions. (2018). https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-interactions-labeling/preventable-adverse-drug-reactions-focus-drug-interactions.

23 Kaiser Family Foundation. Total health care employment. (2017). https://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/total-health-careemployment/?currentTimeframe=0&sortModel=%7B%22colId%22:%22Location%22,%22sort% 22:%22asc%22%7D.

24 World Population Review. Life expectancy by country 2017 (2017). http://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/life-expectancy-by-country/.

25 Mikulic, M. Global pharmaceutical industry – statistics and facts. Statista (2019). https://www.statista.com/topics/1764/global-pharmaceutical-industry/.

26 Wikipedia. List of countries by government budget. Wikipedia (2019). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_government_budget.

27 Kannel, W. B., Dawber, T. R., Kagan, A., Revotskie, N., & Stokes, J. Factors of risk in the development of coronary heart disease – six-year follow-up experience. Ann. Internal Medi. 55, 33–50 (1961).

28 Jolliffe, N. & Archer, M. Statistical associations between international coronary heart disease death rates and certain environmental factors. J. Chronic Dis. 9, 636–652 (1959).

29 Stemmermann, G. N., Nomura, A. M. Y., Heilbrun, L. K., Pollack, E. S., & Kagan, A. Serum cholesterol and colon cancer incidence in Hawaiian Japanese men. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 67, 1179–1182 (1981).

30 Kagan, A., Harris, B. R., & Winkelstein, W. Epidemiologic studies of coronary heart disease and stroke in Japanese men living in Japan, Hawaii and California. J. Chronic Dis. 27, 345–364 (1974).

31 Kato, H., Tillotson, J., Nichaman, M. Z., Rhoads, G., & Hamilton, H. B. Epidemiologic studies of coronary heart disease and stroke in Japanese men living in Japan, Hawaii and California: serum lipids and diet. Am. J. Epidemiol. 97, 372–385 (1973).

32 Morrison, L. M. Arteriosclerosis. JAMA 145, 1232–1236 (1951).

33 Ornish, D., Brown, S. E., Scherwitz, L. W., Billings, J. H., Armstrong, W. T., Ports, T. A. et al. Can lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart disease? Lancet 336, 129–133 (1990).

34 Sipherd, R. The third-leading cause of death in US most doctors don’t want you to know about. CNBC (2018). https://www.cnbc.com/2018/02/22/medical-errors-third-leading-cause-of-death-in-america.html.

35 Scrimgeour, E. M., McCall, M. G., Smith, D. E., & Masarei, J. R. L. Levels of serum cholesterol,triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, apolipoproteins A-1 and B, and plasma glucose, and prevalence ofdiastolic hypertension and cigarette smoking in Papua New Guinea Highlanders. Pathology 21, 46–50 (1989).

36 National Cancer Institute. National Cancer Act of 1971 (2016). https://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/legislative/history/national-cancer-act-1971#declarations.

37 Hanahan, D. Rethinking the war on cancer. Lancet 383, 558–563, doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13) 62226-6 (2014).

38 Vineis, P. & Wild, C. P. Global cancer patterns: causes and prevention. Lancet 383, 549–557, doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13) 62224-2 (2014).

Глава 2

1 Slonaker, J. R. The effect of different percents of protein in the diet. VII. Life span and cause of death. Am. J. Physiol. 98, 266–275 (1931).

2 Hoffman, F. L. Cancer and diet (Williams and Wilkins Co., 1937).

3 Sypher, F. J. The rediscovered prophet: Frederick L. Hoffman (1865–1946) The Cosmos Journal (2012).

4 Anonymous. Frederick L. Hoffman. In Who Was Who in America Vol. 2 (Marquis Who’s Who, Inc., Chicago IL, 1943–1950).

5 Cassedy, J. H. Hoffman, Frederick Ludwig. DAB Suppl. 4 (1946–1950).

6 Hoffman, F. L. San Francisco survey. Preliminary and final reports (Prudential Press, 1924–1934).

7 Hoffman, F. L. The mortality from throughout the world (The Prudential Press, 1915).

8 Hoffman, F. L. The menace of cancer. Trans. Amer. Gynecological Soc 38, 397–452 (1913).

9 American Cancer Society. Minutes of National Council Meeting (Friday, May 6, 1921), campaign notes, No. 3 (1921). Cited in Triolo, V. A. & Shimkin, M. B. The American Cancer Society and cancer research origins and organization: 1913–1943. Cancer Res. 29, 1615–1641 (1969).

10 Hoffman, F. L., Cancer and Smoking Habits, in Cancer (ed. F. E. Adair), 50–67 (J. B. Lippincott Co, 1931).

11 Wynder, E. L. & Graham, E. A. Tobacco smoking as possible etiologic factor in bronchiogenic carcinoma: study of 684 proved cases. JAMA 143, 329–336 (1950).

12 Doll, R. & Hill, A. B. A study of the aetiology of carcinoma of the lung. Brit. Med. J. 2, 1271–1286 (1952).

13 US Public Health Service. Smoking and health (Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1964).

14 Deelman, H. J., in International symposium, American Society for the Control of Cancer (Lake Mohonk, NY, 1926).

15 Bashford, E. F. Fresh alarms on the increase of cancer. Lancet, 319–382 (1914).

16 Austoker, J. The “treatment of choice”: breast cancer surgery 1860–1985. Soc. Soc. Hist. Med. Bull. (London) 37, 100–107 (1985).

17 Hayward, J. The principles of conservative treatment for early breast cancer. Handlinger 141, 168–171 (1981).

18 Hoffman, F. L. Fallacies of birth control, in Delaware Medical Society (Dover, Delaware, 1926).

19 Hoffman, F. L. “The Menace to Cancer” and American vital statistics. Lancet, 1079–1083 (1914).

20 Hoffman, F. L., in Jubliee Historical Volume of the American Public Health Association (ed. M. P. Ravenel), 94–117 (1921).

21 Hoffman, F. L. National health insurance and the medical profession (1920).

22 Rosen, G. A history of public health: MD monographs on medical history, Vol. 1. (MD Publications, 1958).

23 Hoffman, F. L. The mortality from consumption to the dusty trade. US Bureau of Labor Bulletin No. 79 (Washington DC, 1908).

24 Hoffman, F. L. in Fifth Annual Welfare and Efficiency Conference (Harrisburg, PA, 1917).

25 Cameron, V. & Long, E. R. Tuberculosis medical research (1959).

26 Triolo, V. A. & Riegel, I. L. The American Association for Cancer Research, 1907–1940. Historical review. Cancer Res. 21, 137–167 (1961).

27 Rigney, E. H. The American Society for the Control of Cancer, 1913–1943 (New York City Cancer Committee Publ., 1944).

28 British Empire Cancer Campaign. Notes on cancer (Chorley & Pickersgill, Ltd., 1923).

29 Lakeman, C. E. Cancer as a public health problem (cited in Triolo and Shimkin, 1969) (1914).

30 Handley, W. S. The genesis and prevention of cancer (John Murray, 1955).

31 Soper, G. A. A recent English opinion on cancer. A review of a series of lectures delivered under the auspices of the Fellowship of Medicine, London, 1925 (American Society for the Control of Cancer, 1926).

32 Soper, G. A., in International symposium, American Society for the Control of Cancer, 148–154 (Lake Mohonk, NY, 1926).

33 Lilienthal, H., in International symposium, 308–317.

34 Handley, W. S., in International symposium, 22–30.

35 Hoffman, F. L. Personal lecture: On the causation of cancer. April 17, 1924, in American Association for Cancer Research (Buffalo, NY, 1924).

36 Hoffman, F. L. Radium (mesothorium) necrosis. JAMA 85, 961–965 (1925).

37 Hoffman, F. L. Personal lecture: Cancer in Mexico, in American Association for Cancer Research Meetings (Rochester, NY, 1927).

38 Lambe, W. Reports on the effects of a peculiar regimen on scirrhous tumors and cancerous ulcers (J. M’Creary, 1809).

39 Celsus. de Celsus Medicina. Cited by Lambe, W. Additional reports on the effects of a peculiar regimen in cases of cancer, scrofula, consumption, asthma, and other chronic diseases (J. Mawman, 1815).

40 Erasmus, W. The history of Middlesex Hospital (John Churchill, 1845). Ch. 137–144.

41 Spencer, C. Vegetarianism, a history (Four Walls Eight Windows, 1993).

42 Bennett, J. H. On cancerous and cancroid growths (Sutherland and Knox, 1849).

43 Bennett, J. H. Clinical lectures on the principles and practice of medicine, 4th ed. (Adam and Charles Black, 1865).

44 MacIlwain, G. The general nature and treatment of tumors (John Churchill, 1845).

45 Shaw, J. The cure of cancer: and how surgery blocks the way (F. S. Turney, 1907).

46 Walshe, W. H. The nature and treatment of cancer (Taylor and Walton, 1846).

47 Howard, J. Practical observations on cancer (J. Hatchard, 1811).

48 Thomson, W. B. Cancer: is it preventable? (Chatto and Winders, 1932).

49 Burkitt, D. P. & Trowell, H. C. Refined carbohydrate foods and disease: some implications of dietary fibre (Academic Press, 1975).

50 Braithwaite, J., in What is the root cause of cancer (ed. F. T. Marwood). 27–31 (John Bale, Sons and Danielson, Ltd., 1924).

51 Hare, F. The food factor in disease. Vol. II (Longmans, Green and Company, 1905).

52 Williams, W. R. The natural history of cancer, with special references to its causation and prevention (William Heinemann, 1908).

53 Lambe, W. Additional reports on the effects of a peculiar regimen in cases of cancer, scrofula, consumption, asthma, and other chronic diseases (J. Mawman, 1815).

54 Li, J.-Y. Epidemiology of esophageal cancer in China. Natl. Cancer Inst. Monograph 62, 113–120 (1982).

55 Wiseman, R. Several Chirurgicall Treatises (E. Flesher and J. Macock, 1676).

Глава 3

1 MacIlwain, G. The general nature and treatment of tumors (John Churchill, 1845).

2 MacIlwain, G. Memoirs of John Abernethy, F.R.S., with a view of his lectures, writings and character (Harper & Brothers, 1853).

3 Rabagliati, A. The causes of cancer and the means to be adopted for its prevention (C. W. Daniel Company, 1924).

4 Russell, R. Preventable cancer. Statistical research (Longmans, Green and Co., 1912).

5 Thomson, W. B. Cancer: is it preventable? (Chatto and Winders, 1932).

6 Williams, W. R. The principles of cancer and tumor formation (John Bale and Sons, 1888).

7 Barker, J. E. Cancer, how it is caused: how it can be prevented. Introduced by Sir W. Arbuthnot Lane (Murray, 1924).

8 Russell, F. A. R. The reduction of cancer (1907). Franklin Classics.

9 Campbell, T. C. Cancer prevention and treatment by wholistic nutrition. J. Nat. Sci. Oct 3, e448 (2017).

10 Hoffman, F. L. Cancer and diet (Williams and Wilkins Co., 1937).

11 Bulkley, L. D. Cancer and its non-surgical treatment (1921). William Wood & Co.

12 Hoffman, F. L., in The Belgian National Cancer Congress. Brussels, Belgium, Conf. Proceedings.

13 Hoffman, F. L. Personal lecture: On the causation of cancer. April 17, 1924, in American Association for Cancer Research (Buffalo, NY, 1924).

14 Hoffman, F. L. San Francisco survey. Preliminary and final reports (Prudential Press, 1924–1934).

15 Williams, W. R. The natural history of cancer, with special references to its causation and prevention. (William Heinemann, 1908).

16 Bell, B. A system of surgery (Elliot, C., 1784). Cited in Williams, W. R. The principles of cancer and tumor formation (John Bale and Sons, 1888).

17 Lambe, W. Reports on the effects of a peculiar regimen on scirrhous tumors and cancerous ulcers (J.M’Creary, 1809).

18 Lambe, W. Additional reports on the effects of a peculiar regimen in cases of cancer, scrofula, consumption, asthma, and other chronic diseases (J. Mawman, 1815).

19 Howard, J. Practical observations on cancer (J. Hatchard, 1811).

20 Bennett, J. H. On cancerous and cancroid growths (Sutherland and Knox, 1849).

21 Jenner, W. Discussion on cancer (in chair). Trans. Path. Soc. (London) 25, 289–402 (1873–1874).

22 Mitchell, R. A general and historical treatise on cancer life: its causes, progress, and treatment (J&A Churchill, 1879).

23 Bulkley, L. D. Cancer, its cause and treatment (Paul B. Hoeber, 1917).

24 Triolo, V. A. & Riegel, I. L. The American Association for Cancer Research, 1907–1940. Historical review. Cancer Res. 21, 137–167 (1961).

25 Austoker, J. The “treatment of choice”: breast cancer surgery 1860–1985. Soc. Soc. Hist. Med. Bull. (London) 37, 100–107 (1985).

26 Shimkin, M. B. Thirteen questions: some historical outlines for cancer research. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 19, 307–314 (1957).

27 Bainbridge, W. S. The cancer problem (Macmillan Co., 1914).

28 Triolo, V. A. & Shimkin, M. B. The American Cancer Society and cancer research origins and organization: 1913–1943. Cancer Res. 29, 1615–1641 (1969).

29 Gibson, C. L. Final results in the surgery of malignant disease. Ann. Surg. 84, 158–173 (1926).

30 Lakeman, C. E. Cancer as a public health problem (1914). Cited in Triolo, V. A. & Shimkin, M.B. The American Cancer Society and cancer research origins and organization: 1913–1943. Cancer Res. 29, 1615–1641 (1969).

31 American Cancer Society. Minutes of National Council Meeting (Friday, May 6, 1921), campaign notes, No. 3. (1921). Cited in Triolo, V. A. & Shimkin, M. B. The American Cancer Society and cancer research origins and organization: 1913–1943. Cancer Res. 29, 1615–1641 (1969).

32 Soper, G. A. A recent English opinion on cancer. A review of a series of lectures delivered under the auspices of the Fellowship of Medicine, London, 1925 (American Society for the Control of Cancer, 1926).

33 Hoffman, F. L. Radium (mesothorium) necrosis. JAMA 85, 961–965 (1925).

34 Castle, W. B., Drinker, K. R. & Drinker, C. K. Necrosis of the jaw in workers employed in applying a luminous paint containing radium. J. Ind. Hyg. 7, 371–382 (1925).

35 Hartland, H. S., Conlon, P., & Knef, J. P. Some unrecognized dangers in the use of handling of radioactive substances: with special reference to the storage of unsoluble products of radium and mesothorium in the reticulo-endothelial system. JAMA 85, 1769–1776 (1925).

36 Wood, F. C. Demonstration of the methods and results of cancer research. Campaign Notes 10 (1928).

37 Copeman, S. M. & Greenwood, M. Diet and cancer, with special reference to the incidence of cancer upon members of certain religious orders (Ministry of Health, His Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, 1926).

38 Wood, F. C., in International symposium, 318–325 (Lake Mohonk, NY, 1926).

39 Delbert, P. Tentatives de traitement de cancer par le selenium. Bull. de l’assoc. franc. pur l’etude du cancer (Paris), 121–125 (1912).

40 Blumenthal, A. De la reaction febrile consecutive aux injection intra-veineuses de selenium colloidale. Portou Med. Pontiers 28, 238 (1913).

41 Anonymous. Groundless fear of radium. Campaign Notes 10 (1936).

42 Cramer, W. & Horning, E. S. Experimental production by oestrin of pituitary tumors. Bulletin 18 (1936).

43 Moschcowitz, A. V., Colp, R., & Klingenstein, P. Late results after amputation of the breast. Ann.Surg. 84, 174–184 (1926).

44 Bulkley, L. D. Precancerous conditions. Interstate Med. Journ., 730–734.

45 Lilienthal, H. in American Society for the Control of Cancer. 308–317.

46 Bell, Robert. Ten years’ record of the treatment of cancer without operation (Dean and Son, Ltd., 1906).

47 Shaw, J. The cure of cancer: and how surgery blocks the way. (F. S. Turney, 1907).

48 Cairns, J. The history of mortality and the conquest of cancer. Accomplishments in Cancer Research, 90–105 (1985).

49 Bailar, J. C. & Smith, E. M. Progress against cancer? New Engl. J. Med. 314, 1226–1232 (1986).

50 Sweet, J. E., Corson-White, E. P., & Saxon, G. J. The relation of diets and of castration to the transmissible tumors of rats and mice. J. Biol. Chem. 15, 181–191 (1913).

51 Rous, P. The influence of diet on transplanted and spontaneous mouse tumors. J. Exp. Med. 20, 433–451 (1914).

52 Hoffman, F. L. The menace of cancer. Trans. Amer. Gynecological Soc 38, 397–452 (1913).

53 Rigney, E. H. The American Society for the Control of Cancer, 1913–1943 (New York: New York City Cancer Committee Publ., 1944).

54 Bashford, E. F. Fresh alarms on the increase of cancer. Lancet, 319–382 (1914).

55 Austoker, J. The politics of cancer research: Walter Morley Fletcher and the origins of the British Empire cancer campaign. Soc. Soc. Hist. Med. Bull. (Lond.) 37, 63–67 (1985).

56 British Empire Cancer Campaign. The truth about cancer (John Murray, 1930).

57 Lockhart-Mummery, J. P. The origin of cancer (J&A Churchill, 1934).

58 British Empire Cancer Campaign. Series of annual reports (London: British Empire Cancer Campaign, 1923–1934).

59 Hoffman, F. L., in American Society for the Control of Cancer (American Society for the Control of Cancer, 1928).

6 °Childe, C. P. President’s address on environment and health. Ninety-first annual meeting of British Medical Associaton. Brit. Med. J., 135–140 (1923).

61 Handley, W. S. Cancer research at the Middlesex Hospital, 1900–1924 (London, 1924).

62 Austoker, J. The origins of cancer research, 1802–1902 (Wellcome Unit for the History of Medicine, 1985).

63 Halstead, W. S. The results of radical operations for the cure of carcinoma of the breast. Ann.Surgery 46, 1–19 (1907).

64 Handley, W. S. The genesis of cancer (Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co., Ltd., 1931).

65 Handley, W. S. The genesis and prevention of cancer (John Murray, 1955).

66 Bayly, M. B. Cancer: the failure of modern research. A survey (The Health Education and Research Council, 1936).

67 Clowes, G. H. A. A study of the influence exerted by a variety of physical and chemical forces on the virulence of carcinoma in mice and of the conditions under which immunity against cancer may be experimentally induced in these animals. Brit. Med. J., 1548–1554 (1906).

68 Hoffman, F. L. “The Menace to Cancer” and American vital statistics. Lancet, 1079–1083 (1914).

69 Adair, F. E., in International contributions to the study of cancer in honor of James Ewing (ed. F. E. Adair), editorial comments (J. B. Lippincott Co., 1931).

70 Welche, W. H., in International contributions to the study of cancer in honor of James Ewing (ed. F. E.Adair), (J.B. Lippincott Co., 1931).

71 Ewing, J. The prevention of cancer, in American Society for the Control of Cancer (Lake Mohonk, NY, 1926).

72 Erasmus, W. The history of Middlesex Hospital (John Churchill, 1845). Ch. 137–144.

73 Campbell, T. C. Chemical carcinogens and human risk assessment. Fed. Proc. 39, 2467–2484 (1980).

74 Avalere Health LLC. Total cost of cancer care by site of service: physician office vs. outpatient hospital (2012). http://www.communityoncology.org/pdfs/avalere-cost-of-cancer-care-study.pdf.

75 Morgan, G., Ward, R., & Barton, M. The contribution of cytotoxic chemotherapy to 5-year survival in adult malignancies. Clin. Oncol. (R. Coll. Radiol.) 16, 549–560 (2004).

76 Kagan, J. European Medicines Agency (EMA). Investopedia (2019). https://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/european-medicines-agency-ema.asp.

77 Home Precautions After Chemotherapy. Roswellpark.org (2020). https://www.roswellpark.org/cancer-care/treatments/cancer-drugs/post-chemo-guide.

Глава 4

1 Campbell, T. C. Nutrition renaissance and public health policy. J. Nutr. Biology 3, 124–138, doi:10.1080/01635581.2017.1339094 (2017).

2 Press release, National Academy of Sciences, (ed. The National Academies) (National Research Council, Institute of Medicine, Washington, DC, 2002).

3 Wikipedia. Nestlé. (2018). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nestl%C3%A9.

4 Sharma, S., Dortch, K. S., Byrd-Williams, C., Truxillio, J. B., Rahman, G. A., Bonsu, P. et al. Nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes, and dietary behaviors among Head Start teachers in Texas: a cross-sectional study. J. Acad. Nutr. Diet 113, 558–562, doi:10.1016/j.jand.2013.01.003 (2013).

5 Hoek, J. Informed choice and the nanny state: learning from the tobacco industry. Public Health 129, 1038–1045, doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2015.03.009 (2015).

Глава 5

1 The paper where Mulder named protein, according to Munro (1964), is Mulder, G. J., J. Prakt. Chem. 16, 29 (1839).

2 Mulder, G. J. The chemistry of vegetable & animal physiology (trans. P. F. H. Fromberg). (W. Blackwood & Sons, 1849).

3 Munro, H. N., in Mammalian protein metabolism, Vol. I (eds. H. N. Munro & J. B. Allison), 1–29 (Academic Press, 1964).

4 Lewis, H. B., in Mammalian protein metabolism, Vol. I (eds. H. N. Munro & J. B. Allison), 13–32 (Academic Press, 1964).

5 Voit, C. Ueber die kost eines vegetariers. Zeitschr. f. Biologie 25, 261 (1889). Cited by Chittenden, R. H. Physiological economy in nutrition. (F.A. Stokes, 1904), 5.

6 Chittenden, R. H. Physiological economy in nutrition (F.A. Stokes, 1904).

7 Spencer, C. Vegetarianism, a History (Four Walls Eight Windows, 1993).

8 Mitchell, H. H. Does a Low-Protein Diet Produce Racial Inferiority? Science, New Series 38, no. 970, 156–58 (1913).

9 Agriculture Research Service. History of human nutrition research in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service: people, events, and accomplishments (United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, 2017), 356.

10 Mitchell, H. H. A method of determining the biological value of protein. J. Biol. Chem. 58, 873–903 (1924).

11 Sarwar, G. & McDonough, F. E. Evaluation of protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score method for assessing protein quality of foods. J. Assoc. of Anal. Chem. 73, 347–356 (1990).

12 Key, T. J. A., Chen, J., Wang, D. Y., Pike, M. C., & Boreham, J. Sex hormones in women in rural China and in Britain. Brit. J. Cancer 62, 631–636 (1990).

13 Marshall, J. R., Qu, Y., Chen, J., Parpia, B., & Campbell, T. C. Additional ecologic evidence: lipids and breast cancer mortality among women age 55 and over in China. Europ. J. Cancer 28A, 1720–1727 (1991).

14 Chen, J., Campbell, T. C., Li, J., & Peto, R. Diet, life-style and mortality in China. A study of the characteristics of 65 Chinese counties (Oxford University Press; Cornell University Press; People’s Medical Publishing House, 1990).

15 Grant, W. B. An ecologic study of dietary links to prostate cancer. Altern. Med. Rev. 4, 162–169 (1999).

16 Giles, G. G., Severi, G., English, D. R., McCredie, M. R., MacInnis, R., Boyle, P. et al. Early growth, adult body size and prostate cancer risk. Int. J. Cancer 103, 241–245, doi:10.1002/ ijc.10810 (2003).

17 Pike, M. C., Spicer, D. V., Dahmoush, L., & Press, M. F. Estrogens, progestogens, normal breast cell proliferation, and breast cancer risk. Epidemiol. Revs. 15, 17–35 (1993).

18 Cheng, Z., Hu, J., King, J., Jay, G., & Campbell, T. C. Inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma development in hepatitis B virus transfected mice by low dietary casein. Hepatology 26, 1351–1354 (1997).

19 Hu, J., Chisari, F. V., & Campbell, T. C. Modulating effect of dietary protein on transgene expression in hepatitis B virus (HBV) transgenic mice. Cancer Research 35, 104 Abs. (1994).

20 Schulsinger, D. A., Root, M. M., & Campbell, T. C. Effect of dietary protein quality on development of aflatoxin B1-induced hepatic preneoplastic lesions. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 81, 1241–1245 (1989).

21 Burkitt, D. P. Epidemiology of cancer of the colon and the rectum. Cancer 28, 3–13 (1971).

22 Drasar, B. S. & Irving, D. Environmental factors and cancer of the colon and breast. Br. J. Cancer 27, 167–172 (1973).

23 Reddy, B. S. & Wynder, E. L. Large bowel carcinogenesis: fecal constituents of populations with disease incidence rates of colon cancer. J. Nat. Cancer Inst. 50, 1437–1442 (1973).

24 Mafra, D., Borges, N. A., Cardozo, L., Anjos, J. S., Black, A. P., Moraes, C., et al. Red meat intake in chronic kidney disease patients: two sides of the coin. Nutrition 46, 26–32, doi:10.1016/j.nut.2017.08.015 (2018).

25 Campbell, T. M. & Liebman, S. E. Plant-based dietary approach to stage 3 chronic kidney disease with hyperphosphatemia. Brit. Med. J. Case Rept. 12:e:e232080, doi:10.1136/bcr-2019-232080 (2019).

26 Rhee, C. M., Ahmadi, S. F., Kovesdy, C. P., & Kalantar-Zadeh, K. Low-protein diet for conservative management of chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials. J.Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 9, 235–245, doi:10.1002/jcsm.12264 (2018).

27 Bikbov, B., Perico, N., & Remuzzi, G., on behalf of the GBD Genitourinary Diseases Expert Group. Disparities in chronic kidney disease prevalence among males and females in 195 countries: analysis of the Global Burden of Disease 2016 Study. Nephron 139, 313–318, doi:10.1159/000489897 (2018).

28 Williams, C. D. A nutritional disease of childhood associated with a maize diet. Arch. Dis. Child. 8, 423–433 (1933).

29 Agarwal, K. N., Bhatia, B. D., Agarwal, D. K., & Shankar, R. Assessment of protein energy needs of Indian adults using short-term nitrogen balance methodolgy: protein-energy-requirement studies in developing countries: results of international research, in Food and Nutrition Bulletin Supplement 10 (eds. W. M. Rand, R. Uauy, & N. S. Scrimshaw), 89–95 (The United Nations University, 1983).

30 Scrimshaw, N. S. History and early development of INCAP. J. Nutr. 140, 394–396, doi:10.3945/ jn.109.114694 (2010).

31 Waterlow, J. C. & Payne, P. R. The protein gap. Nature 258, 113–117 (1975).

32 McLaren, D. S. The great protein fiasco. Lancet July 13, 1974, 93–96 (1974).

33 Bressani, R. INCAP studies of vegetable proteins for human consumption. Food Nutr. Bull. 31, 95–110, doi:10.1177/156482651003100110 (2010).

34 Scrimshaw, N. S. Iron deficiency. Sci. Amer. October, 46–52 (1991).

35 Lancaster, M. C., Jenkins, F. P., & Philp, J. M. Toxicity associated with certain samples of groundnuts.Nature 192, 1095–1096 (1961).

36 Campbell, T. C., Caedo, J. P., Jr., Bulatao-Jayme, J., Salamat, L., & Engel, R. W. Aflatoxin M1 in human urine. Nature 227, 403–404 (1970).

37 Campbell, T. C. & Salamat, L. A., in Mycotoxins in human health (ed. I. F. Purchase), 263–269 (Macmillan, 1971).

38 Campbell, T. C. & Stoloff, L. Implications of mycotoxins for human health. J. Agr. Food Chem. 22, 1006–1015 (1974).

39 Merrill, A. H., Jr. & Campbell, T. C. Preliminary study of in vitro aflatoxin B1 metabolism by human liver. J. Tox. Appl. Pharmacol. 27, 210–213 (1973).

4 °Chittenden, R. H. The nutrition of man (F. A. Stokes & Co., 1907).

41 Fisher, I. The influence of flesh-eating on endurance (Modern Medicine Publishing, 1908).

42 Asp, K. Vegan in the NFL: how 15 Tennessee Titans made the switch. (2018). https://www.forksoverknives.com/tennessee-titans-nfl-teams-shift-veganism/#gs.v_FW3Ho.

43 Hinds, J. Monkeybar Gym – Madison, https://www.linkedin.com/company/monkey-bar-gym-madison/about/ (2000).

44 Campbell, T. C. Addendum to Spock, B. Why parents should keep children meat and dairy free.New Century Newsletter (1997). https://nutritionstudies.org/why-parents-should-keep-children-meat-and-dairy-free/.45 Wikipedia. Groupthink. (2018). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupthink.

46 Janis, I. L. “Groupthink.” Psychology Today 5, 43–46, 74–76 (1972).

47 Lush, T. Scandals fester at unhealthy organizations, experts say. Ithaca Journal Aug 20, 2018.

48 Respondent’s findings of fact, conclusions of law, argument and proposed order. Before Federal Trade Commission, Washington, DC. Docket No. 9175, 214 (New York: Bass & Ullman, 1985).

49 Potischman, N., McCulloch, C. E., Byers, T., Houghton, L., Nemoto, T., Graham, S. et al. Associations between breast cancer, triglycerides and cholesterol. Nutrition and Cancer 15, 205–215 (1991).

Глава 6

1 Ansah, G. A., Chan, C. W., Touchburn, S. P., & Buckland, R. B. Selection for low yolk cholesterol in Leghorn-type chickens. Poultry Sci. 64, 1–5 (1985).

2 Ignatowski, A. Uber die Wirbung des tierischen eiweiss auf die aorta und die parenchymatosen organe der kaninchen. Vrichows Arch. Pathol. Anat. Physiol. Klin. Med. 198, 248–270 (1909).

3 Ignatowski, A. Influence de la nourriture animale sur l’organisme des papins. Arch. Med. Exp. Anat. Pathol. 210, 1–20 (1908).

4 Kritchevsky, D., in Animal and vegetable proteins in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis (eds. M. J. Gibney & D. Kritchevsky), 1–8 (Alan R. Liss, 1983).

5 Kritchevsky, D. Dietary protein, cholesterol and atherosclerosis: a review of the early history. J. Nutr. 125, 589S–593S, doi:10.1093/jn/125.suppl_3.589S (1995).

6 Newburgh, L. H. & Clarkson, S. The production of arteriosclerosis in rabbits by feeding diets rich in meat. Arch. Intern. Med. 31, 653–676 (1923).

7 Newburgh, L. H. The production of Bright’s disease by feeding high protein diets. Arch. Intern. Med. 24, 359–377 (1919).

8 Newburgh, L. H. & Clarkson, S. Production of atherosclerosis in rabbits by diet rich in animal protein. JAMA 79, 1106–1108 (1922).

9 Clarkson, S. & Newburgh, L. H. The relation between atherosclerosis and ingested cholesterol in the rabbit. J. Exp. Med. 43, 595–612 (1926).

10 Keys, A. The diet and the development of coronary heart disease. J. Chronic Dis. 4, 364–380 (1956).

11 Keys, A., Anderson, J. T., & Mickelsen, O. Serum cholesterol in men in basal and nonbasal states. Science 123, 29 (1956).

12 Campbell, T. C. Animal protein and ischemic heart disease. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 71, 849–850 (2000).

13 Campbell, T. C. A plant based diet and animal protein: questioning dietary fat and considering animal protein as the main cause of heart disease. J. Geriatric Cardiol. 14, 331–337 (2017).

14 Carroll, K. K., in Current topics in nutrition and disease, Vol. 8: Animal and vegetable proteins in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis (eds. M. J. Gibney & D. Kritchevsky), 9–18 (Alan R. Liss, 1983).

15 Gallagher, P. J. & Gibney, M. J., in Current topics in nutrition and disease, Vol. 8: Animal and vegetable proteins in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis (eds. M. J. Gibney & D. Kritchevsky), 149–168 (Alan R. Liss, 1983).

16 Joop, M. A. v. R., Katan, M. B., & West, C. E., in Current topics in nutrition and disease, Vol.8: Animal and vegetable proteins in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis (eds. M. J. Gibney & D. Kritchevsky), 111–134 (Alan R. Liss, 1983).

17 Kim, D. N., Lee, K. T., Reiner, J. M., & Thomas, W. A., in Current topics in nutrition and disease,Vol. 8: Animal and vegetable proteins in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis (eds. M. J. Gibney & D. Kritchevsky), 101–110 (Alan R. Liss, 1983).

18 Kritchevsky, D., Tepper, S. A., Czarnecki, S. K., Klurfeld, D. M., & Story, J. A., in Current topics in nutrition and disease, Vol. 8: Animal and vegetable proteins in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis (eds. M. J. Gibney & D. Kritchevsky), 85–100 (Alan R. Liss, 1983).

19 Sirtori, C. R., Noseda, G., & Descovich, G. C., in Current topics in nutrition and disease, Vol. 8: Animal and vegetable proteins in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis (eds. M. J. Gibney & D.Kritchevsky), 135–148 (Alan R. Liss, 1983).

20 Sugano, M., in Current topics in nutrition and disease, Vol. 8: Animal and vegetable proteins in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis (eds. M. J. Gibney & D. Kritchevsky), 51–84 (Alan R. Liss, 1983).

21 Terpstra, A. H. M., Hermus, R. J. J., & West, C. E., in Current topics in nutrition and disease, Vol.8: Animal and vegetable proteins in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis (eds. M. J. Gibney & D. Kritchevsky), 19–49 (Alan R. Liss, 1983).

22 Gibney, M. J., & Kritchevsky, D., eds. Current topics in nutrition and disease, Vol. 8: Animal and vegetable proteins in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis (Alan R. Liss, 1983).

23 Meeker, D. R. & Kesten, H. D. Experimental atherosclerosis and high protein diets. Proc. Soc. Exp.Biol. Med. 45, 543–545 (1940).

24 Meeker, D. R. & Kesten, H. D. Effect of high protein diets on experimental atherosclerosis of rabbits. Arch. Pathology 31, 147–162 (1941).

25 Kritchevsky, D., Tepper, S. A., Williams, D. E., & Story, J. A. Experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits fed cholesterol-free diets. Part 7. Interaction of animal or vegetable protein with fiber. Atherosclerosis 26, 397–403 (1977).

26 Terpstra, A. H., Harkes, L., & van der Veen, F. H. The effect of different proportions of casein in semipurified diets on the concentration of serum cholesterol and the lipoprotein composition in rabbits. Lipids 16, 114–119 (1981).

27 Sirtori, C. R., Noseda, G., & Descovich, G. C., in Current topics in nutrition and disease, Vol. 8: Animal and vegetable proteins in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis (eds. M. J. Gibney & D. Kritchevsky), 135–148 (Alan R. Liss, 1983).

28 Descovich, G. C., Ceredi, C., Gaddi, A., Benassi, M. S., Mannino, G., Colombo, L. et al. Multicenter study of soybean protein diet for outpatient hypercholesterolemic patients. Lancet 2, 709–712 (1980).

29 Mitchell, H. H. A method of determining the biological value of protein. J. Biol. Chem. 58, 873–903 (1924).

30 Keys, A. Nutrition for the later years of life. Public Health Rep 67, 484–489 (1952).

31 Keys, A. Coronary heart disease in seven countries. Circulation Suppl. 41, I1–I211 (1970).

32 Keys, A. Coronary heart disease – the global picture. Atherosclerosis 22, 149–192 (1975).

33 US Department of Health and Human Services and US Department of Agriculture. 2015–2020 Dietary guidelines for Americans, 8th ed. (Authors, 2015).

34 Keys, A. Diet and the epidemiology of coronary heart disease. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 164, 1912–1919 (1957).

35 Keys, A., in Atherosclerosis and its origin (eds. M. Sandler & G. H. Bourne), 263–299 (Academic Press, 1963).

36 Carroll, K. K., Braden, L. M., Bell, J. A., & Kalamegham, R. Fat and cancer. Cancer 58, 1818–1825 (1986).

37 American Heart Association. AHA Dietary Guidelines. Revision 2000: A statement for healthcare professionals from the Nutrition Committee of the American Heart Association. Circulation 102, 2296–2311 (2000).

38 O’Connor, T. P. & Campbell, T. C., in Dietary fat and cancer (eds. C. Ip, D. Birt, C. Mettlin, & A. Rogers), 731–771 (Alan R. Liss, 1986).

39 Committee on Diet, Nutrition, and Cancer. Diet, nutrition and cancer (National Academies Press, 1982).

40 American Institute for Cancer Research and World Cancer Research Fund. Food, nutrition and the prevention of cancer: a global perspective (Authors, 1997).

41 National Research Council & Committee on Diet and Health. Diet and health: implications for reducing chronic disease risk (National Academies Press, 1989).

42 US Senate, Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs. Dietary goals for the United States, 2nd ed. (Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1977), 83.

43 Armstrong, D. & Doll, R. Environmental factors and cancer incidence and mortality in different countries, with special reference to dietary practices. Int. J. Cancer 15, 617–631 (1975). 282 NOTES

44 Willett, W. C., Hunter, D. J., Stampfer, M. J., Colditz, G., Manson, J. E., Spielgelman, D. et al. Dietary fat and fiber in relation to risk of breast cancer. An 8-year follow-up. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 268, 2037–2044 (1992).

45 Willett, W. C., Stampfer, M. J., Colditz, G. A., Rosner, B. A., Hennekens, C. H., & Speizer, F. E. Dietary fat and the risk of breast cancer. New Engl. J. Med. 316, 22–28 (1987).

46 Carroll, K. K. & Khor, H. T. Effects of dietary fat and dose level of 7,12 dimethylbenz(a)anthracene on mammary tumor incidence in rats. Cancer Res. 30, 2260–2264 (1970).

47 Gammal, E. B., Carroll, K. K., & Plunkett, E. R. Effects of dietary fat on mammary carcinogenesis by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene in rats. Cancer Res. 27, 1737–1742 (1967).

48 Hopkins, G. J. & Carroll, K. K. Relationship between amount and type of dietary fat in promotion of mammary carcinogenesis induced by 7, 12-dimethylbenzanthracene. J Natl. Cancer Inst. 62, 1009–1012 (1979).

49 Dias, C. B., Garg, R., Wood, L. G., & Garg, M. L. Saturated fat consumption may not be the main cause of increased blood lipid levels. Med. Hypoth. 82, 187–195 (2014).

50 Gershuni, V. M. Saturated fat: part of a healthy diet. Curr. Nutr. Re. 7, 85–96 (2018).

51 Sirtori, C. R., Gatti, E., Mantero, O., Conti, F., Agradi, E., Tremoli, E. et al. Clinical experience with the soybean protein diet in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 32, 1645–1658, doi:10.1093/ajcn/32.8.1645 (1979).

52 O’Connor, T. P., Roebuck, B. D., & Campbell, T. C. Dietary intervention during the post-dosing phase of L-azaserine-induced preneoplastic lesions. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 75, 955–957 (1985).

53 O’Connor, T. P., Roebuck, B. D., Peterson, F., & Campbell, T. C. Effect of dietary intake of fish oil and fish protein on the development of L-azaserine-induced preneoplastic lesions in rat pancreas. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 75, 959–962 (1985).

54 Abdelhamid, A. S., Brown, T. J., Brainard, J. S., Biswas, P., Thorpe, G. C., Moore, H. J. et al. Omega-3 fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 11, CD003177, doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003177.pub4 (2018).

55 Simopoulos, A. P. An increase in the omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio increases the risk for obesity. Nutrients 8, 128, doi:10.3390/nu8030128 (2016).

56 Simopoulos, A. P. & DiNicolantonio, J. J. The importance of a balanced omega-6 to omega-3 ratio in the prevention and management of obesity. Open Heart 3, e000385, doi:10.1136/openhrt-2015 -000385 (2016).

57 Ponnampalam, E. N., Mann, N. J., & Sinclair, A. J. Effect of feeding systems on omega-3 fatty acids, conjugated linoleic acid and trans fatty acids in Australian beef cuts: potential impact on human health. Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr. 15, 21–29 (2006).

58 Grosso, G., Yang, J., Marventano, S., Micek, A., Galvano, F., & Kales, S. N. Nut consumption on all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 101, 783–793, doi:10.3945/ajcn.114.099515 (2015).

59 Schwingshackl, L., Hoffman, G., Missbach, B., Stelmach-Mardas, M., & Boeing, H. An umbrella review of nuts intake and risk of cardiovascular disease. Current Pharm. Design 23, 1016–1027 (2017).

60 Keys, A. Seven countries. A multivariate analysis of death and coronary heart disease (Harvard University Press, 1980).

61 Kromhout, D., Menotti, A., Bloemberg, B., Aravanis, C., Blackburn, H., Buzina, R. et al. Dietary saturated and trans fatty acids and cholesterol and 25-year mortality from coronary heart disease: the Seven Countries Study. Prev. Med. 24, 308–315 (1995).

62 McGee, D. L., Reed, D. M. & Yano, K. Ten-year incidence of coronary heart disease in the Honolulu Heart Program: relationship to nutrient intake. Am. J. Epidemiol. 119, 667–676 (1984).

63 Kromhout, D. & Coulander, C. L. Diet, prevalence and 10 year mortality from coronary heart disease in 871 middle-aged men. Am. J. Epidemiol. 119, 733–741 (1984).

64 Garcia-Palmieri, M. R., Sorlie, P., Tillotson, J., Costas, R. Jr., Cordero, E., & Rodriguez, M. Relationship of dietary intake to subsequent coronary heart disease incidence: the Puerto Rican Heart Health Program. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 33, 1818–1827 (1980). NOTES 283

65 Morris, J. N., Marr, J. W., & Clayton, O. B. Diet and heart: a postscript. Brit. Med. J. 2, 1307–1314 (1977).

66 Hu, F. B., Stampfer, M. J., Manson, J. E., Rimm, E., Colditz, G. A., Rosner, B. A. et al. Dietary fat intake and the risk of coronary heart disease in women. New Engl. J. Med. 337, 1491–1499, doi:10.1056/NEJM199711203372102 (1997).

67 Hu, F. B., Manson, J. E., & Willett, W. C. Types of dietary fat and risk of coronary heart disease: a critical review. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 20, 5–19 (2001).

68 Youngman, L. D., Park, J. Y., & Ames, B. N. Protein oxidation associated with aging is reduced by dietary restriction of protein or calories. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 89, 9112–9116 (1992).

69 De, A. K., Chipalkatti, S., & Aiyar, A. S. Some biochemical parameters of ageing in relation to dietary protein. Mech Ageing Dev 21, 37–48 (1983).

70 Sanz, A., Caro, P., & Barja, G. Protein restriction without strong caloric restriction decreases mitochondrial oxygen radical production and oxidative DNA damage in rat liver. J. Bioenergetics Biomembranes 36, 545–552 (2004).

71 Huang, H. H., Hawrylewicz, E. J., Kissane, J. Q., & Drab, E. A. Effect of protein diet on release of prolactin and ovarian steroids in female rats. Nutrition Reports International 26, 807–820 (1982).

72 Asao, T., Abdel-Kader, M. M., Chang, S. B., Wick, E. L., & Wogan, G. N. Aflatoxins B and G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 85, 1706–1707 (1963).

73 Wogan, G. N., & Newberne, P. M. Dose-response characteristics of aflatoxin B1 carcinogenesis in the rat. Cancer Res. 27, 2370–2376 (1967).

74 Ayres, J. L., Lee, D. J., Wales, J. H., & Sinnhuber, R. O. Aflatoxin structure and hepatocarcinogenicity in rainbow trout. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 46, 561–564 (1971).

75 Campbell, T. C., Sinnhuber, R. O., Lee, D. J., Wales, J. H., & Salamat, L. A. Brief communication: hepatocarcinogenic material in urine specimens from humans consuming aflatoxin. J. Nat. Cancer Inst. 52, 1647–1649 (1974).

76 Campbell, T. C. & Hayes, J. R. The role of aflatoxin in its toxic lesion. Tox. Appl. Pharm. 35, 199–222 (1976).

77 Campbell, T. C. Present day knowledge on aflatoxin. Philadelphia Journal of Nutrition 20, 193–201 (1967).

78 Campbell, T. C., Caedo, J. P., Jr., Bulatao-Jayme, J., Salamat, L., & Engel, R. W. Aflatoxin M1 in human urine. Nature 227, 403–404 (1970).

79 Campbell, T. C. Chemical carcinogens and human risk assessment. Fed. Proc. 39, 2467–2484 (1980).

8 °Campbell, T. C., & Hayes, J. R. Role of nutrition in the drug metabolizing system. Pharmacol. Revs. 26, 171–197 (1974).

81 Hayes, J. R., & Campbell, T. C., in Modifiers of chemical carcinogenesis (ed. T. J. Slaga), 207–241 (Raven Press, 1980).

82 Chen, J., Campbell, T. C., Li, J., & Peto, R. Diet, life-style and mortality in China. A study of the characteristics of 65 Chinese counties. (Oxford University Press; Cornell University Press; People’s Medical Publishing House, 1990).

83 Campbell, T. C., Chen, J., Liu, C., Li, J., & Parpia, B. Non-association of aflatoxin with primary liver cancer in a cross-sectional ecologic survey in the People’s Republic of China. Cancer Res. 50,6882–6893 (1990).

84 Campbell, T. C. Nutrition renaissance and public health policy. J. Nutr. Biology 3, 124–138, doi:10. 1080/01635581.2017.1339094 (2017).

85 Campbell, T. C. Cancer prevention and treatment by wholistic nutrition. J. Nat. Sci. Oct 3, e448 (2017).

86 Weisburger, E. K. History of the bioassay program of the National Cancer Institute. Prog. Exp.Tumor Res. 26, 187–201 (1983).

87 International Agency for Cancer Research. Press release: IARC monographs evaluate consumption of red meat and processed meat. (2015).

88 Wikipedia. Carcinogen. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinogen (2020).

89 National Toxicology Program. Report on carcinogens. 499 (2011).

90 National Toxicology Program. Ninth report on carcinogens (rev. January 2001).

91 National Toxicology Program. https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/.

92 Huff, J. Long-term chemical carcinogenesis bioassays predict human cancer hazards. Issues, controversies, and uncertainties. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 895, 56–79 (1999).

93 Huff, J., Jacobson, M. F., & Davis, D. L. The limits of two-year bioassay exposure regimens for identifying chemical carcinogens. Environ. Health Perspect. 116, 1439–1442 (2008).

94 National Toxicology Program. 14th Report on Carcinogens, Process and Listing Criteria. (November 3, 2016). https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/pubhealth/roc/process/index.html.

95 Knight, A., Bailey, J., & Balcombe, J. Animal carcinogenicity studies: 3. Alternatives to the bioassay. Altern. Lab. Anim. 34, 39–48 (2006).

96 Knight, A., Bailey, J., & Balcombe, J. Animal carcinogenicity studies: 2. Obstacles to extrapolation of data to humans. Altern. Lab. Anim. 34, 29–38 (2006).

97 Knight, A., Bailey, J., & Balcombe, J. Animal carcinogenicity studies: 1. Poor human predictivity. Altern. Lab. Anim. 34, 19–27 (2006).

98 Wikipedia. Human genome project. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Genome_Project (2018).

99 National Cancer Institute. What is cancer? (Updated February 9, 2015). http://www.cancer.gov /about-cancer/what-is-cancer.

100 Appleton, B. S., Goetchius, M. P., & Campbell, T. C. Linear dose-response curve for the hepatic macromolecular binding of aflatoxin B1 in rats at very low exposures. Cancer Res. 42, 3659–3662 (1982).

101 Dunaif, G. E. & Campbell, T. C. Dietary protein level and aflatoxin B1-induced preneoplastic hepatic lesions in the rat. J. Nutr. 117, 1298–1302 (1987).

102 Dunaif, G. E. & Campbell, T. C. Relative contribution of dietary protein level and aflatoxin B1 dose in generation of presumptive preneoplastic foci in rat liver. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 78, 365–369 (1987).

103 Schulsinger, D. A., Root, M. M., & Campbell, T. C. Effect of dietary protein quality on development of aflatoxin B1-induced hepatic preneoplastic lesions. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 81, 1241–1245 (1989).

104 Berwyn, B. IPCC: radical energy transformation needed to avoid 1.5 degrees global warming.Inside Climate News (2018). https://insideclimatenews.org/news/07102018/ipcc-climate-change-science-report-data-carbon-emissions-heat-waves-extreme-weather-oil-gas-agriculture.

105 Strona, G. & Bradshaw, C. J. A. Co-extinctions annihilate planetary life during extreme environmental change. Sci. Rpts. 8, doi:10.1038/s41598-018-35068-1 (2018).

106 MacFarlane, D. All the species that went extinct in 2018, and ones on the brink for 2019. Environment (2019). https://weather.com/science/environment/news/2019-01-02-extinct-animal-species-2018.

107 Sanchez-Bayo, F. & Wyckhuys, K. A. G. Worldwide decline of the entofauna: a review of its drivers. Biolological Conservation 232, 8–27 (2016).

108 Goodland, R. & Anhang, J. Livestock and climate change. World Watch, 1–10 (2009).

109 Brown, L. R. Tough choices: facing the challenge of food scarcity (W. W. Norton & Company, 1996).

110 Hindhede, M. The biological value of bread-protein. Biochem. J. 20, 330–334 (1926).

111 Bridi, D., Altenhofen, S., Gonzalez, J. B., Reolon, G. K., & Bonan, C. D. Glyphosate and Roundup® alter morphology and behavior in zebrafish. Toxicology 392, 32–39, doi:10.1016/j. tox.2017.10.007 (2017).

112 United Nations, Food and Agriculture Organization. Livestock’s long shadow: environmental issues and options (Food and Agriculture Organization, 2006).

113 Compassion in World Farming. Strategic plan 2013–2017. https://www.ciwf.org.uk/media /3640540/ciwf_strategic_plan_20132017.pdf.

114 Oppenlander, R. Food choice and sustainability (Minneapolis: Langdon Street Press, 2013), 46.

115 Hatchett, A. N. Bovines and global warming: how the cows are heating things up and what can be done to cool them down. William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review 29, 767–780 (2005).

Глава 7

1 Gibney, M. J. & Kritchevsky, D., eds. Current topics in nutrition and disease, Vol. 8: Animal and vegetable proteins in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis (Alan R. Liss, 1983).

2 Hill, A. B. The environment and disease: association or causation? Proc. Royal Soc. Med. 108, 32–37 (1965).

Глава 8

1 Committee on Diet, Nutrition, and Cancer. Diet, Nutrition and Cancer (National Academies Press, 1982).

2 National Research Council and Institute of Medicine, Committee on Diet and Health. Diet and Health: Implications for Reducing Chronic Disease Risk (National Academy Press, 1989.)

3 US Department of Agriculture. FoodData Central (2020). https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/.

4 Reboul, E., Thap, S., Perrot, E., Amiot, M. J., Lairon, D., & Borel, P. Effect of the main dietary antioxidants (carotenoids, gamma-tocopherol, polyphenols, and vitamin C) on alpha-tocopherol absorption. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 61, 1167–1173, doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602635 (2007).

5 Campbell, T. C. Energy balance: interpretation of data from rural China. Toxicological Sciences 52, 87–94 (1999).

6 Ornish, D. Eat more, weigh less (HarperCollins Publishers, Inc., 1993).

7 Shintani, T. Dr. Shintani’s eat more, weigh less diet (Halpax Publishing, 1993).

8 Russell, R. National Weight Control Registry. Last modified 2020. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki /National_Weight_Control_Registry.

9 Swann, J. P. The history of efforts to regulate dietary supplement in the USA. Drug Testing Analysis 8, 271–282 (2015).

1 °Cision PR Newswire. Dietary supplements market to reach USD 216.3 billion by 2026. Reports and Data. https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/dietary-supplements-market-to-reach-usd-216-3-billion-by-2026-reports-and-data-300969115.html (December 4, 2019).

11 Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994. Pub. L. No. 103–417, 108 Stat. 4325.

12 US Food and Drug Administration. Dietary supplement health and education act of 1994, http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/dietsupp.html (1995) (site discontinued).

13 Respondent’s findings of fact, conclusions of law, argument and proposed order. Before Federal Trade Commission, Washington, DC. Docket No. 9175, 214 (New York: Bass & Ullman, 1985).

14 Omenn, G. S., Goodman, G. E., Thornquist, M. D., Balmes, J., Cullen, M. R., Glass, A. et al. Risk factors for lung cancer and for intervention effects in CARET, the Beta-Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 88, 1550–1559 (1996).

15 Kelloff, G. J., Crowell, J. A., Hawk, E. T., Steele, V. E., Lubet, R. A., Boone, C. W. et al. Strategy and planning for chemopreventive drug development: clinical development plans II. J. Cell. Biochem. 26S, 54–315 (1996).

16 US Preventive Services Task Force. Routine vitamin supplementation to prevent cancer and cardiovascular disease: recommendations and rationale. Ann. Internal Med. 139, 51–55 (2003).

17 Omenn, G. S., Goodman, G. E., Thornquist, M. D., Balmes, J., Cullen, M. R., Glass, A. et al.Effects of a combination of beta carotene and vitamin A on lung cancer and cardiovascular disease. New Engl. J. Med. 334, 1150–1155 (1996).

18 Peto, R., Doll, R., & Buckley, J. D. Can dietary beta-carotene materially reduce human cancer rates? Nature 290, 201–208 (1981).

19 Shekelle, R. B. & Raynor, W. J., Jr. Dietary vitamin A and risk of cancer in the Western Electric Study. Lancet 2, 1185–1190 (1981).

20 Morris, C. D. & Carson, S. Routine vitamin supplementation to prevent cardiovascular disease: a summary of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann. Internal Med. 139, 56–70 (2003).

21 Goodman, B. Experts: don’t waste your money on multivitamins. WebMD Health Newsletter (2013). https://www.webmd.com/vitamins-and supplements/news/20131216/experts-dont-waste-your-money-on-multivitamins#1.

22 ScienceDaily. Most popular vitamin and mineral supplements provide no health benefit, study finds. Science News (2018). https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/05/180528171511.htm.

23 IBISWorld. Vitamin & Supplement Manufacturing – US Market Research Report. (2018). https://www.ibisworld.com/industry-trends/market-research– reports/manufacturing/chemical/vitamin-supplement-manufacturing.html.

24 Grand View Research. Dietary supplements market size worth $278.02 billion by 2024. (2018). https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/dietary-supplements-market.

25 United States Department of Health and Human Services. The Surgeon General’s Report on Nutrition and Health. (Superintendent of Documents, US Government Printing Office, 1988).

26 National Research Council & Committee on Diet and Health. Diet and health: implications for reducing chronic disease risk. (National Academies Press, 1989).

27 American Institute for Cancer Research and World Cancer Research Fund. Food, nutrition and the prevention of cancer: a global perspective (Authors, 1997).

Глава 9

1 Carroll, K. K., Braden, L. M., Bell, J. A., & Kalamegham, R. Fat and cancer. Cancer 58, 1818–1825 (1986).

2 National Research Council & Committee on Diet and Health. Diet and health: implications for reducing chronic disease risk (National Academies Press, 1989).

3 Campbell, T. C. A plant based diet and animal protein: questioning dietary fat and considering animal protein as the main cause of heart disease. J. Geriatric Cardiol. 14, 331–337 (2017).

4 Armstrong, D. & Doll, R. Environmental factors and cancer incidence and mortality in different countries, with special reference to dietary practices. Int. J. Cancer 15, 617–631 (1975).

5 Newburgh, L. H. & Clarkson, S. The production of arteriosclerosis in rabbits by feeding diets rich in meat. Arch. Intern. Med. 31, 653–676 (1923).

6 Ganmaa, D. & Sato, A. The possible role of female sex hormones in milk from pregnant cows in the development of breast, ovarian and corpus uteri cancers. Med. Hypotheses 65, 1028–1037, doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2005.06.026 (2005).

7 Connor, W. E. & Connor, S. L. The key role of nutritional factors in the prevention of coronary heart disease. Prev. Med. 1, 49–83 (1972).

8 Jolliffe, N. & Archer, M. Statistical associations between international coronary heart disease death rates and certain environmental factors. J. Chronic Dis. 9, 636–652 (1959).

9 Campbell, T. M. I. & Campbell, T. C. The breadth of evidence favoring a whole-foods, plant-based diet. Part II, malignancy and inflammatory diseases. Primary Care Reports 18, 25–35 (2012).

10 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research. Food, nutrition, physical activity, and prevention of cancer: a global perspective. (American Institute for Cancer Research, 2007), 517.

11 Hildenbrand, G. L. G., Hildenbrand, L. C., Bradford, K., & Cavin, S. W. Five-year survival rates of melanoma patients treated by diet therapy after the manner of Gerson: a retrospective review. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine 1, 29–37 (1995).

12 Morrison, L. M. Arteriosclerosis. JAMA 145, 1232–1236 (1951).

13 Morrison, L. M. Diet in coronary atherosclerosis. JAMA 173, 884–888 (1960).

14 Steinberg, D. Thematic review series: the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: an interpretive history of the cholesterol controversy, part III: mechanistically defining the role of hyperlipidemia. J. Lipid Res. 46, 2037–2051, doi:10.1194/jlr.R500010-JLR200 (2005).

15 Ornish, D., Brown, S. E., Scherwitz, L. W., Billings, J. H., Armstrong, W. T., Ports, T. A. et al. Can lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart disease? Lancet 336, 129–133 (1990).

16 Esselstyn, C. B., Jr. Updating a 12-year experience with arrest and reversal therapy for coronary heart disease (an overdue requiem for palliative cardiology). Am. J. Cardiol. 84, 339–341 (1999).

17 Esselstyn, C. B., Ellis, S. G., Medendorp, S. V., & Crowe, T. D. A strategy to arrest and reverse coronary artery disease: a 5-year longitudinal study of a single physician’s practice. J. Family Practice 41, 560–568 (1995).

18 Esselstyn, C. B. J., Gendy, G., Doyle, J., Golubic, M., & Roizen, M. F. A way to reverse CAD? J. Fam. Pract. 63, 356–364b (2014).

19 Campbell, T. C. Present day knowledge on aflatoxin. Philadelphia Journal of Nutrition 20, 193–201 (1967).

2 °Campbell, T. C., Caedo, J. P., Jr., Bulatao-Jayme, J., Salamat, L., & Engel, R. W. Aflatoxin M1 in human urine. Nature 227, 403–404 (1970).

21 Lancaster, M. C., Jenkins, F. P., & Philp, J. M. Toxicity associated with certain samples of groundnuts. Nature 192, 1095–1096 (1961).

22 Wogan, G. N., in Methods in cancer research, Vol. 7 (ed. H. Busch), 309–344 (Academic Press,1973).

23 Madhavan, T. V. & Gopalan, C. The effect of dietary protein on carcinogenesis of aflatoxin. Arch. Path. 85, 133–137 (1968).

24 Schulsinger, D. A., Root, M. M., & Campbell, T. C. Effect of dietary protein quality on development of aflatoxin B1-induced hepatic preneoplastic lesions. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 81, 1241–1245 (1989).

25 Youngman, L. D. & Campbell, T. C. Inhibition of aflatoxin B1-induced gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase positive (GGT+) hepatic preneoplastic foci and tumors by low protein diets: evidence that altered GGT+ foci indicate neoplastic potential. Carcinogenesis 13, 1607–1613 (1992).

26 Gurtoo, H. L. & Campbell, T. C. A kinetic approach to a study of the induction of rat liver microsomal hydroxylase after pretreatment with 3,4-benzpyrene and aflatoxin B1. Biochem. Pharmacol. 19, 1729–1735 (1970).

27 Nerurkar, L. S., Hayes, J. R., & Campbell, T. C. The reconstitution of hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidase activity with fractions derived from weanling rats fed different levels of protein. J. Nutr. 108, 678–686 (1978).

28 Preston, R. S., Hayes, J. R., & Campbell, T. C. The effect of protein deficiency on the in vivo binding of aflatoxin B1 to rat liver macromolecules. Life Sci. 19, 1191–1198 (1976).

29 Prince, L. O. & Campbell, T. C. Effects of sex difference and dietary protein level on the binding of aflatoxin B1 to rat liver chromatin proteins in vivo. Cancer Res. 42, 5053–5059 (1982).

30 Krieger, E. Increased voluntary exercise by Fisher 344 rats fed low protein diets (undergraduate thesis, Cornell University, 1988).

31 Krieger, E., Youngman, L. D., & Campbell, T. C. The modulation of aflatoxin (AFB1) induced preneoplastic lesions by dietary protein and voluntary exercise in Fischer 344 rats. FASEB J. 2, 3304 Abs. (1988).

32 Horio, F., Youngman, L. D., Bell, R. C., & Campbell, T. C. Thermogenesis, low-protein diets, and decreased development of AFB1-induced preneoplastic foci in rat liver. Nutrition and Cancer 16, 31–41 (1991).

33 Youngman, L. D., Park, J. Y., & Ames, B. N. Protein oxidation associated with aging is reduced by dietary restriction of protein or calories. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 89, 9112–9116 (1992).

34 Chen, J., Campbell, T. C., Li, J., & Peto, R. Diet, life-style and mortality in China. A study of the characteristics of 65 Chinese counties (Oxford University Press; Cornell University Press; People’s Medical Publishing House, 1990).

35 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Heart disease. (2020). https://www.cdc.gov/nchs /fastats/heart-disease.htm.

36 Campbell, T. C., Chen, J., Brun, T., Parpia, B., Qu, Y., Chen, C. et al. China: from diseases of poverty to diseases of affluence. Policy implications of the epidemiological transition. Ecology of Food and Nutrition 27, 133–144 (1992).

37 Kannel, W. B., Neaton, J. D., Wentworth, D., Thomas, H. E., Stamler, J., Hulley, S. B. et al.Overall and coronary heart disease mortality rates in relation to major risk factors in 325,348 men screened for the MRFIT. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am. Heart J. 112, 825–836 (1986).

Глава 10

1 Campbell, T. C. & Campbell, T. M., II. The China Study: startling implications for diet, weight loss, and long-term health (BenBella Books, Inc., 2005), 417.

2 Campbell, T. C., Chen, J., Liu, C., Li, J., & Parpia, B. Non-association of aflatoxin with primary liver cancer in a cross-sectional ecologic survey in the People’s Republic of China. Cancer Res. 50,6882–6893 (1990).

3 Hu, J., Chisari, F. V., & Campbell, T. C. Modulating effect of dietary protein on transgene expression in hepatitis B virus (HBV) transgenic mice. Cancer Research 35, 104Abs (1994).

4 Prince, L. O. & Campbell, T. C. Effects of sex difference and dietary protein level on the binding of aflatoxin B1 to rat liver chromatin proteins in vivo. Cancer Res. 42, 5053–5059 (1982).

5 Appleton, B. S. & Campbell, T. C. Effect of high and low dietary protein on the dosing and postdosing periods of aflatoxin B1-induced hepatic preneoplastic lesion development in the rat. Cancer Res. 43, 2150–2154 (1983).

6 Chen, J., Campbell, T. C., Li, J., & Peto, R. Diet, life-style and mortality in China. A study of the characteristics of 65 Chinese counties (Oxford University Press; Cornell University Press; People’s Medical Publishing House, 1990).

7 American Institute for Cancer Research and World Cancer Research Fund. Food, nutrition and the prevention of cancer: a global perspective (Authors, 1997).

8 American Association of University Professors. Reports and publications: 1940 statement of principles on academic freedom and tenure. https://www.aaup.org/report/1940-statement-principles-academic-freedom-and-tenure.

9 Liu, M. & Mallon, W. T. Tenure in transition: trends in basic science faculty appointment policies at U.S. medical schools. Acad. Med. 79, 205–213 (2004).

10 Barakat, M. Documents show ties between university, conservative donors. (2018). https://www.usnews.com/news/best-states/virginia/articles/2018-04– 30/documents-show-ties-between – university-conservative-donors.

11 Green, E. L. & Saul, S. What Charles Koch and other donors to George Mason University got for their money. New York Times (2018). https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/05/us/koch-donors – george-mason.html.

12 US Department of Health and Human Services and US Department of Agriculture. 2015–2020 dietary guidelines for Americans, 8th ed. (Authors, 2015).

13 Campbell, T. C. Dr. Campbell’s recommended dietary guidelines. T. Colin Campbell Center for Nutrition Studies (2015). https://nutritionstudies.org/2015-dietary-guidelines-commentary/.

14 Kirkey, S. Got milk? Not so much. Health Canada’s new food guide drops “milk and alternatives”and favours plant-based protein. National Post (2019). https://nationalpost.com/health/health-canada-new-food-guide-2019.

15 Gulshan, V., Peng, L., Coram, M., Stumpe, M. C., Wu, D., Narayanaswamy, A. et al. Development and validation of a deep learning algorithm for detection of diabetic retinopathy in retinal fundus photographs. JAMA 316, 2402–2410, doi:10.1001/jama.2016.17216 (2016).

16 Esteva, A., Kuprel, B., Novoa, R. A., Ko, J., Swetter, S. M., Blau, H. M. et al. Dermatologist-level classification of skin cancer with deep neural networks. Nature 542, 115–118, doi:10.1038/ nature21056 (2017).

17 Rajpurkar, M., Biss, T., Amankwah, E. K., Martinez, D., Williams, S., Van Ommen, C. H. et al. Pulmonary embolism and in situ pulmonary artery thrombosis in paediatrics. A systematic review. Thromb. Haemost. 117, 1199–1207, doi:10.1160/TH16-07-0529 (2017).

Постскриптум

1 Chen, J., Campbell, T. C., Li, J., & Peto, R. Diet, life-style and mortality in China. A study of the characteristics of 65 Chinese counties (Oxford University Press; Cornell University Press; People’s Medical Publishing House, 1990).

2 Chen, J., Peto, R., Pan, W., Liu, B., & Campbell, T. C. Mortality, biochemistry, diet and lifestyle in rural China. Geographic study of the characteristics of 69 counties in mainland China and 16 areas in Taiwan (Oxford University Press, 2006).

3 Hu, J., Cheng, Z., Chisari, F. V., Vu, T. H., Hoffman, A. R., & Campbell, T. C. Repression of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transgene and HBV-induced liver injury by low protein diet. Oncogene 15, 2795–2801 (1997).

4 Cheng, Z., Hu, J., King, J., Jay, G., & Campbell, T. C. Inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma development in hepatitis B virus transfected mice by low dietary casein. Hepatology 26, 1351–1354 (1997).

5 Hu, J., Chisari, F. V., & Campbell, T. C. Modulating effect of dietary protein on transgene expression in hepatitis B virus (HBV) transgenic mice. Cancer Research 35, 104Abs (1994).

6 Gelles, D. & Drucker, J. Corporate insiders pocket $1 billion in rush for coronavirus vaccine. (2020). https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/25/business/coronavirus-vaccine-profits-vaxart.html.

Послесловие

1 Kagan, J. European Medicines Agency (EMA). Investopedia (2019). https://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/european-medicines-agency-ema.asp.

2 Morgan, G., Ward, R., & Barton, M. The contribution of cytotoxic chemotherapy to 5-year survival in adult malignancies. Clin. Oncol. (R. Coll. Radiol.) 16, 549–560 (2004).

3 Scheiber, N. Why Wendy’s is facing campus protests (it’s about the tomatoes). New York Times, March 7, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/07/business/economy/wendys-farm-workers-tomatoes.html; Boycott Wendy’s homepage, http://www.boycott-wendys.org/. 290 236–237, 243.

AIN (American Institute of Nutrition), 5–6, 237–239 “Airport Club,” 237 aligning practices with messages, 266 alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), 138 alternative views arrogant dismissal of, 56 to improve systems.