Resume

In the book three models of social-historic development in Russia from the middle of 19th to the beginning of XXth century are being investigated. These models are seen as almost completely or partially realised in social practice.

Relying on the principle of modality the authors suggest an analysis and reinterpretation from the point of view of contemporary social knowledge of the following three models:

- Autocracy {samoderzhavije) is seen as a model almost completely realised in history; therefore it's possible to describe its constructive principles, dynamics and limits of development: -Utopian model of Russian socialism, which was tenaciously persistent and reproduced in Russian social thought;

- Model of Russian liberalism is seen a probable historic alternative which have not been realised but is still open up to now.

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