The Cambridge Introduction to Russian Literature

Notes to pages 132–38 259

(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989), pp. 173–79. For a glimpse in Joseph Frank’s monumental five-volume biography of Dostoevsky (1976–2002), see ch. 8, “A Literary Proletarian,” in vol. V: Dostoevsky: The Mantle of the Prophet (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002), pp. 130–48.

On Tolstoy and the graphic revolution, see Michael Denner, “‘Be not afraid of greatness . . .’: Lev Tolstoy and Celebrity” (forthcoming in Journal of Popular Culture 42.4 [2009]).

Maxim Gorky, “Memoirs” [Tolstoy], “A Letter” [1910], in Gorky’s Tolstoy and Other Reminiscences: Key Writings by and about Maxim Gorky, trans, ed., and intro. Donald Fanger (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2008), p. 51. He has long wanted to suffer, Gorky continues, but “with the plain and, I repeat, despotic intention of intensifying the weight of his teaching, . . . for he knows that this doctrine is not convincing enough.” Translation slightly adjusted.

Gorky, “Memoirs” [Tolstoy], p. 35 and (from the 1910 letter) p. 63. Gorky’s memoirs are vibrant but stylized, and reveal as much about Gorky as about Tolstoy.

From Tolstoy to N. N. Strakhov, 5 December 1883 (in Tolstoy’s Letters, ed. and trans. R. F. Christian, vol. II: 1880–1910 (New York: Scribner, 1973), p. 363). The best brief gloss on this relationship is Robert Louis Jackson, “A View from the Underground: On Nikolai Nikolaevich Strakhov’s Letter About His Good Friend Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky and on Leo Nikolaevich Tolstoy’s Cautious Response to It,” Dialogues with Dostoevsky: The Overwhelming Questions (Palo Alto: Stanford University Press, 1993), pp. 105–20.

Chekhov to Aleksei Suvorin, March 27, 1894, in Anton Chekhov: A Life in Letters, trans. Rosamund Bartlett and Anthony Phillips (London: Penguin, 2004), p. 324.

Mikhail Bakhtin, Problems of Dostoevsky’s Poetics [1929/1964], trans. Caryl Emerson (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1984), chs. 1 and 2; on Tolstoy, pp. 68–73.

Fyodor Dostoevsky, The Double, trans. by George Bird, in Great Short Works of Fyodor Dostoevsky (New York: Perennial Classics, 2004), p. 143.

See Deborah A. Martinsen, Surprised by Shame: Dostoevsky’s Liars and Narrative Exposure (Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 2003), especially her distinction between guilt and shame.

On narrative duplicity and the distinction between withholding a story and not knowing it, see Robin Feuer Miller’s classic study, Dostoevsky and The Idiot: Author, Narrator, and Reader (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1981).

See the discussion from the chapter “Anti-Dostoevsky,” in Nina Gourfinkel, Gorky, trans. Ann Feshback (New York: Grove Press, 1960), p. 73.

“Drafts for an Introduction to War and Peace” [late December 1865], Draft 3, in Leo Tolstoy, War and Peace, ed. George Gibian, Norton Critical Edition (New York: Norton, 1996), p. 1089.