MITI and the Japanese miracle

Page 347

49. In Taniuchi, pp. 1520.

50. Sato *, p. 66.

51. Akimoto, p. 142.

52. Matsubayashi, 1976, p. 233.

53. Ito* Daiichi, 1968, pp. 45758.

54. Industrial Policy Research Institute, p. 264.

55. See Kusayanagi, May 1969, p. 165; Matsumoto, 1: 16; and Takeuchi, p. 14.

56. Akaboshi, p. 171.

57. Martin Landau and Russell Stout, Jr., "To Manage Is Not to Control,"

Public Administration Review

, 39 (Mar.Apr. 1979): 151.

58. Kusayanagi, Jan. 1969, p. 180.

59. "Tsusan-sho* ni miru gendai keibatsu kenkyu*" (Research on modern keibatsu as seen in MITI),

Zaikai

tenbo

*, Aug. 1978, pp. 6265.

60. Kubota, p. 50.

61. Matsubayashi, 1973, p. 85.

62. Nishiyama, pp. 10914, 22830.

63. Spaulding, p. 265, table 45.

64. See the preface by Kishi in Yoshino Shinji Memorial Society,

Yoshino Shinji

. For Kishi's high regard for Yoshino, see Kishi, Sept. 1979, p. 282.

65. "Amakudari" (Descent from heaven),

Shukan

*

yomiuri

, Sept. 4, 1976, p. 149.

66. Honda, 1: 16469.

67. Shibusawa, p. 17. See also Konaka, pp. 99125.

68.

Mainichi Daily News

, Apr. 8, 1974.

69. Clark, pp. 3637.

70. Sakakibara, 1977a, pp. 3132.

71.

Mainichi Daily News

, Apr. 8, 1974.

72. Kakuma, 1979b, p. 100.

73. Yoshino Shinji, 1962, pp. 24250; Shiina, 1970, p. 212.

74. In Tsuji, 4: 17981.

75. Kusayanagi, 1974, p. 126; Nawa, 1975, p. 80; and

Japan Times

, July 1, 1974. For a bibliography of Hayashi's numerous articles, see Ozaki, 1970.

76. Ojimi* and Uchida, p. 31.

77. MITI Journalists' Club, 1963a, p. 227.

78. Misono*, p. 13.

79. Takeuchi, p. 63.

80. Akimi, pp. 913; MITI Journalists' Club, 1956, pp. 26669; and Akimoto, pp. 1921.

81. The report that set off the incident of 197980 was Jin Itsuko*, Oka Kuniyuki, and Murakami Masaki, "Kodan*, yakunin, giin, jigyodan* no ketsuzei 13-cho* en kuichirashi" (How public corporations, bureaucrats, and Diet members gobble up 13 trillion yen of tax receipts),

Gendai

, Nov. 1979, pp. 80110.

82.

Mainichi Daily News

, Jan. 6, 1976.

83. For a list of Japanese government corruption cases from 1872 to 1976, see Ouchi* Minoru,

Fuhai no

kozo

*,

Ajia-teki kenryoku no tokushitsu

(The structure of corruption; characteristics of Asian political authority) (Tokyo: Daiyamondo Sha, 1977), pp. 19396.

84. See, e.g.,

Far Eastern Economic Review

, July 1, 1974, pp. 3336; and

Japan Times Weekly

, Apr. 28, 1979, p. 5.

85. Fukumoto, pp. 15759.

86. Takada Shin'ichi, "Tsusan* OB no zensangyo* 'amakudari' bumpuzu"