exercise volume 4 page 172
aerodynamics (physics)
airplane volume 1 page 56
aerospace industry
Oklahoma City volume 9 page 131
Aesop (legendary Greek fable teller)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 35, picture,
volume 1 page 35
MORE TO EXPLORE
fable volume 5 page 4
Afar (people)
Djibouti volume 4 page 59
affirmative action (U.S. government and
social policy)
civil rights movement volume 3
page 131
Afghan hound (breed of dog)
hound breeds table, volume 4 page 62
Afghanistan (country in Asia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 36
MORE TO EXPLORE
history
refugee volume 11 page 41, picture,
volume 11 page 41
Soviet Union volume 14 page 14
terrorism
bin Laden volume 2 page 71
United States picture, volume 2
page 104
Mazar-e Sharif picture, volume 1 page 37
outdoor theater in Kabul picture, volume
13 page 59
public health picture, volume 3 page 110
AFL (labor organization): see in index
American Federation of Labor
AFL-CIO (labor organization)
labor volume 7 page 97
Africa (continent)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 38
MORE TO EXPLORE
animals
baboons picture, volume 8 page 168
elephants picture, volume 3 page 180
giraffes picture, volume 1 page 38, picture,
volume 5 page 116
hippopotamus picture, volume 6
page 59
lions picture, volume 2 page 116, picture,
volume 7 page 158
mongoose picture, volume 8 page 165
rhinoceros picture, volume 11 page 59
wildebeests and zebras picture, volume
8 page 125
wood storks picture, volume 12
page 191
geography and geology
Cameroons rain forest picture, volume
11 page 23
Great Zimbabwe picture, volume 5
page 149
Kalahari volume 7 page 44
Lake Nyasa picture, volume 8 page 26
Lake Victoria picture, volume 14
page 80
Malabo coast picture, volume 8
page 25
Moroccan kasbah ruins picture, volume
1 page 42
Mount Kilimanjaro volume 7 page 65,
picture, volume 7 page 65
Namib desert picture, volume 9 page 6
Simien Mountains picture, volume 4
page 155
Ugandan mountains picture, volume
14 page 5
history
African Union volume 1 page 46
empire volume 4 page 132
Johnson-Sirleaf picture, volume 7
page 139
North America volume 9 page 81
Nubia: see in index Nubia
slavery volume 12 page 106
human migration volume 8 page 126
6 adobe BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
people and culture
human origins volume 6 page 96
images
Angolan woman carrying fruit picture,
volume 7 page 183
children in South Africa picture,
volume 1 page 40
Cotonou picture, volume 3 page 205
drummers in Burundi picture, volume
2 page 153
education picture, volume 4 page 107
Enya people fishing picture, volume
3 page 180
musician picture, volume 8 page 214
Namibian mother and child picture,
volume 9 page 7
nomads in Somalia picture, volume 9
page 76
school in Mogadishu picture, volume
8 page 151
traditional dance in Burundi picture,
volume 2 page 147
traditional villages picture, volume 2
page 60, picture, volume 2
page 151, picture, volume 9
page 67
water jugs picture, volume 4
page 156
Zulu prince picture, volume 12
page 138
Africa, Horn of (region in Eastern
Africa)
Somalia volume 12 page 130
African American (people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 43
MORE TO EXPLORE
107th U.S. Colored Infantry picture,
volume 1 page 96
arts
Anderson volume 1 page 116
blues volume 2 page 95
folk music volume 5 page 41
gospel music volume 5 page 130
Hansberry volume 6 page 14
jazz volume 7 page 16
Morrison picture, volume 1 page 45
rap volume 11 page 26
civil rights and equality
Alabama volume 1 page 61
civil rights movement volume 3
page 129
desegregation
Arkansas picture, volume 1 page 181
Supreme Court school decision picture,
volume 1 page 44
Emancipation Proclamation volume 4
page 130
Evers volume 4 page 168
Ku Klux Klan opposition volume 7
page 89
National Association for the Advancement
of Colored People volume 9
page 13
protests
1968 Olympic Games picture, volume
1 page 44
restaurant in Oklahoma picture,
volume 3 page 130
Reconstruction volume 11 page 33
Roosevelt, Eleanor volume 11 page 91
Truth volume 13 page 102
Tuskegee Airmen volume 13 page 118
poster fromWorldWar II picture,
volume 13 page 118
United States history volume 14
page 31
voting volume 14 page 105
Grant volume 5 page 138
Johnson volume 7 page 29
Wells-Barnett volume 15 page 29
WorldWar I soldiers picture, volume
15 page 63
education
Bethune volume 2 page 65
Washington volume 15 page 17
Fugitive Slave Act handbill picture, volume
5 page 73
Jemison volume 7 page 20
Kwanzaa volume 7 page 93
sports
Ashe volume 1 page 199
Campanella, Doby, Newcombe, and
Robinson picture, volume 2 page 32
Rudolph volume 11 page 101
African black rhino (mammal): see in
index black rhinoceros
African buffalo (mammal): see in index
Cape buffalo
African forest elephant (mammal)
elephant volume 4 page 123
African gray parrot (bird)
parrot family volume 10 page 38
African manatee (mammal)
manatee volume 8 page 39
African music
world music volume 15 page 60
Algeria
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Cape Verde
Central African
Republic
Chad
Comoros
Congo,
Democratic
Republic of
the
Congo,
Republic of
the
Cote dIvoire
Djibouti
Egypt
Equatorial
Guinea
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia, The
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Lesotho
Liberia
Libya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mauritius
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Rwanda
Sao Tome and
Principe
Senegal
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
Sudan
Swaziland
Tanzania
Togo
Tunisia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
For more about Africa, look for
articles on these countries:
Abernathy,
Ralph
Ailey, Alvin
Banneker,
Benjamin
Bethune, Mary
McLeod
Brooks,
Gwendolyn
Bunche, Ralph
Carver, George
Washington
Douglass,
Frederick
DuBois, W.E.B.
Evers, Medgar
Garvey, Marcus
Jackson, Jesse
Jemison, Mae
King, Martin
Luther, Jr.
Malcolm X
Marshall,
Thurgood
Meredith, James
Obama, Barack
Powell, Colin
Truth,
Sojourner
Tubman,
Harriet
Turner, Nat
Washington,
Booker T.
Wells-Barnett,
Ida B.
For more about African Americans,
look for these articles:
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA African music 7
African National Congress (political
party in South Africa)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 45
MORE TO EXPLORE
apartheid volume 1 page 145
Mandela volume 8 page 41
South Africa volume 12 page 139
African pygmy squirrel (rodent)
squirrel volume 12 page 173
African savanna elephant (mammal)
picture, volume 4 page 123
elephant volume 4 page 123
African Union (intergovernmental organization)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 46, picture,
volume 1 page 46
African Unity, Organization of (intergovernmental
organization)
African Union volume 1 page 46
African wood stork (bird) picture, volume
12 page 191
Afrikaner (Dutch-South African people):
see in index Boer
agent, intelligence (intelligence): see in
index spy
Age of Mammals: see in index Cenozoic
era
Age of Reason (European history): see in
index Enlightenment
Age of Reptiles (prehistoric time period):
see in index Mesozoic era
aggregate fruit (botany)
berry volume 2 page 64
aging (life process)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 47, picture,
volume 1 page 47
MORE TO EXPLORE
Alzheimers disease volume 1 page 91
death volume 4 page 22
sleep volume 12 page 108
Agnew, Spiro T. (vice president of the
U.S.)
Ford volume 5 page 52
Agra (city in India)
tomb picture, volume 1 page 170
agricultural industry
industry volume 6 page 134
agriculture
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 48
MORE TO EXPLORE
Africa
Malawi volume 8 page 26
Mali volume 8 page 32
Morocco picture, volume 8 page 184
Asia
Malaysia picture, volume 8 page 28,
picture, volume 13 page 24
Pakistan volume 10 page 14
Saudi Arabia picture, volume 6
page 161
Vietnam picture, volume 1 page 48,
picture, volume 14 page 85
cooperative picture, volume 6 page 169
Demeter volume 4 page 34
erosion volume 4 page 153
Europe volume 4 page 163
France picture, volume 6 page 162
farm: see in index farm
grains: see in index grain
Green Revolution volume 5 page 159
irrigation volume 6 page 160
micro-jet irrigation system picture,
volume 1 page 49
Mauritius picture, volume 8 page 80
North America volume 9 page 82
Chavez volume 3 page 83
Manitoba picture, volume 8 page 45
Mexico picture, volume 9 page 82
pioneer life volume 10 page 88
seaweed farming picture, volume 7
page 71
South America
Paraguay volume 10 page 30
Peru picture, volume 10 page 65
Stone Age volume 12 page 189
veterinary medicine volume 14 page 75
Agriculture, Department of (U.S. government
agency)
United States government executive
departments table, volume 14 page 35
ahimsa (religious doctrine)
Hinduism volume 6 page 56
Ahmad Shah Durrani (ruler of Afghanistan)
Afghanistan volume 1 page 37
Ahriman (Zoroastrian evil spirit)
Zoroastrianism volume 15 page 109
Ahura Mazda (Zoroastrian deity)
Zoroastrianism volume 15 page 109
AI: see in index artificial intelligence
AIDS (disease)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 49
MORE TO EXPLORE
Africa volume 1 page 41
AIDS Memorial Quilt picture, volume 1
page 49
epidemic volume 4 page 146
immune system volume 6 page 120
people
Ashe volume 1 page 199
Johnson volume 7 page 30
AIDS Memorial Quilt picture, volume 1
page 49
Aigams (capital city of Namibia): see in
indexWindhoek
aileron (aircraft part)
airplane volume 1 page 54
Ailey, Alvin (U.S. dance artist)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 50
AIM (U.S. civil rights organization): see
in index American Indian Movement
air (atmospheric gas)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 51
MORE TO EXPLORE
cloud volume 3 page 143
dew volume 4 page 42
air bag (restraint system)
automobile volume 1 page 237
aircraft: see in index airplane; airship;
balloon; glider; helicopter
aircraft carrier (warship) picture, volume
9 page 25, picture, volume 12
page 82
navy volume 9 page 25
ship volume 12 page 82
aircraft industry: see in index aerospace
industry
air force (military branch)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 51
Air Force, United States (military): see in
index United States Air Force, The
airframe (aircraft structure)
airplane volume 1 page 54
airline (commercial aviation)
airplane volume 1 page 57
air navigation
navigation volume 9 page 25
8 African National Congress BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
airplane
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 52
MORE TO EXPLORE
images
aircraft carrier picture, volume 9
page 25
bomber picture, volume 2 page 104
early airplane picture, volume 1
page 57
F-16 picture, volume 1 page 52
passenger airplane picture, volume 1
page 53
propeller airplane picture, volume 1
page 56
seaplane picture, volume 1 page 53
WorldWar I air combat picture, volume
15 page 64
WorldWar II production picture, volume
15 page 69
transportation volume 13 page 93
war volume 15 page 10
WorldWar I volume 15 page 64
ambulance volume 1 page 93
Wright brothers volume 15 page 75
air plant (type of plant): see in index epiphyte
air pollution
automobile volume 1 page 237
chemical plants picture, volume 10
page 117
ozone volume 9 page 160
pollution volume 10 page 117
Taj Mahal volume 13 page 11
transportation volume 13 page 93
air power (military technology)
navy volume 9 page 26
air pressure: see in index atmospheric
pressure
airship
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 58
MORE TO EXPLORE
airship flies over Dodger Stadium picture,
volume 1 page 58
polar exploration volume 10 page 111
air traffic control
navigation volume 9 page 25
air transportation: see in index aviation
airway (anatomy): see in index respiratory
system
Aix-la-Chapelle (city in Germany): see in
index Aachen
Akagera River (river in Africa): see in
index Kagera River
Akansa (Native American people): see in
index Quapaw
Akbar (Mughal emperor)
Mughal Empire volume 8 page 202
Akhenaton (king of Egypt)
Tutankhamen volume 13 page 119
Akimel Oodham (Native American
people): see in index Pima
Akkad (historical region in Mesopotamia,
Asia)
Mesopotamia volume 8 page 104
Akmola (capital city of Kazakhstan): see
in index Astana
Akmolinsk (capital city of Kazakhstan):
see in index Astana
Akosombo Dam (dam in Ghana)
Ghana volume 5 page 110
Aksum (ancient kingdom in Africa)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 59, picture,
volume 1 page 59
MORE TO EXPLORE
civilization volume 3 page 127
Ethiopia volume 4 page 156
Aksum (city in Ethiopia)
ancient kingdom of Aksum volume 1
page 59, picture, volume 1 page 59
AL (baseball organization): see in index
American League
al- (Arabic definite article): see in index
under the specific part of the name, for
example, Khwarizmi, al- except as found
below
ALA (U.S. organization): see in index
American Library Association
Alabama (state in the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 60
MORE TO EXPLORE
combine harvesting cotton picture, volume
1 page 61
electoral college vote certificate picture,
volume 4 page 119
Alamo (monument in San Antonio,
Texas, U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 62, picture,
volume 1 page 62
MORE TO EXPLORE
Texas volume 13 page 52
Alaska (state in the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 63
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography and climate
Bering Sea picture, volume 2 page 61
Juneau picture, volume 7 page 39
marshland picture, volume 8 page 60
Mount McKinley picture, volume 8
page 86
oil pipeline picture, volume 14 page 27
Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park
picture, volume 1 page 64
gold rush volume 5 page 124, picture,
volume 5 page 124
Native Americans
Aleut volume 1 page 72
Tlingit gathering picture, volume 13
page 72
Alaska Native Brotherhood (U.S. civilrights
organization)
Tlingit volume 13 page 71
Alawma, Idris (king of Kanem-Bornu)
Kanem-Bornu Empire volume 7 page 46
Albania (country in Europe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 65
MORE TO EXPLORE
farmworkers picture, volume 1 page 66
geography
citadel at Kruje picture, volume 1
page 65
rye harvest picture, volume 11
page 111
Tirane picture, volume 13 page 69
Albany (state capital of New York, U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 67
MORE TO EXPLORE
New York volume 9 page 57
statehouse building picture, volume 1
page 67
Albany Congress (North American colonial
history, 1754)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 67, picture,
volume 1 page 67
albatross (seabird)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 68
MORE TO EXPLORE
black-browed albatross picture, volume 1
page 68
Albemarle (island of Ecuador): see in
index Isabela Island
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Albemarle 9
Albert I (prince of Monaco)
Monaco volume 8 page 158
Albert II (prince of Monaco)
Monaco volume 8 page 158
Alberta (province in Canada)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 69
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
Banff National Park picture, volume 3
page 23
Calgary picture, volume 1 page 70
Lake Louise picture, volume 1 page 69
albinism (medical disorder)
genetics volume 5 page 94
Al Bu Sa!id family (Omani dynasty)
Oman volume 9 page 136
Alcatraz Island (island in San Francisco
Bay, California, U.S.)
Native American claims and protests
picture, volume 9 page 20
alchemy (pseudoscience)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 71
MORE TO EXPLORE
alchemists at work picture, volume 1
page 71
Alcmene (Greek mythology)
Heracles volume 6 page 44
alcohol (chemical compound)
fermentation volume 5 page 11
Alcott, Louisa May (U.S. author)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 71, picture,
volume 1 page 71
Aldrin, Edwin E., Jr. (U.S. astronaut)
Armstrong volume 1 page 189
exploration volume 4 page 174
Moon volume 8 page 180
Alemanni (people)
Liechtenstein volume 7 page 147
Aleut (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 72
MORE TO EXPLORE
Aleut girl picture, volume 1 page 72
Aleutian Islands (island chain in Alaska,
U.S.)
Alaska volume 1 page 63
Aleut volume 1 page 72
Alexander, Lloyd (U.S. author)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 74, picture,
volume 1 page 74
Alexander Nevsky Cathedral (church in
Sofia, Bulgaria) picture, volume 12
page 122
Alexander Nevsky Cathedral (church in
Tallinn, Estonia) picture, volume 13
page 13
Alexander the Great (king of Macedonia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 72, picture,
volume 1 page 73
MORE TO EXPLORE
ancient Greece volume 5 page 156
Egypt
Alexandria volume 1 page 74
ancient Egypt volume 4 page 115
exploration volume 4 page 173
Alexandria (city in Egypt)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 74, picture,
volume 1 page 75
MORE TO EXPLORE
Alexander the Great volume 1 page 74
Alexandria, Library of (ancient library
in Alexandria, Egypt)
ancient Egypt volume 4 page 115
library volume 7 page 143
Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building
(building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma,
U.S.)
Oklahoma City volume 9 page 131
Alfred the Great (king ofWessex)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 75, picture,
volume 1 page 76
algae (organism)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 76, picture,
volume 1 page 77
MORE TO EXPLORE
lichen volume 7 page 146
ocean volume 9 page 118
red algae picture, volume 1 page 77
sloth volume 12 page 108
algebra (mathematics)
Khwarizmi volume 7 page 61
mathematics volume 8 page 77
Algeria (country in North Africa)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 78, picture,
volume 1 page 78, picture, volume 1
page 79
MORE TO EXPLORE
palm trees in distant oasis picture, volume
12 page 8
Algiers (capital city of Algeria)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 80, picture,
volume 1 page 80
MORE TO EXPLORE
Algeria volume 1 page 78
Algiers, Bay of (bay in Algeria)
Algiers picture, volume 1 page 80
Algonkian (Native American language
and people group): see in index Algonquian
Algonkin (Native American people): see
in index Algonquin
Algonquian (Native American language
and people group)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 80
MORE TO EXPLORE
New Brunswick volume 9 page 43
Ontario volume 9 page 140
Algonquin (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 81
MORE TO EXPLORE
Algonquian volume 1 page 80
Algonquin village picture, volume 1
page 81
Alhambra (fortress in Granada, Spain)
picture, volume 12 page 156
Court of the Lions picture, volume 8
page 180
!Ali (Muslim caliph)
Caliphate volume 3 page 14
Ali, Muhammad (U.S. boxer)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 82, picture,
volume 1 page 82
MORE TO EXPLORE
physical measurements table, volume 12
page 183
with Michael J. Fox picture, volume 10
page 35
Alices Adventures inWonderland
(work by Carroll)
Carroll volume 3 page 43
literature for children volume 7
page 164
Tenniel illustration picture, volume 3
page 43
alien (law)
citizenship volume 3 page 121
Alien and Sedition Acts (U.S. history,
1798)
Adams volume 1 page 24
10 Albert BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
!Ali Mohammad, Mirza (Iranian religious
leader): see in index Bab, the
alkaloid (chemical compound)
nightshade volume 9 page 72
Allada (historical kingdom inWest
Africa)
Dahomey volume 4 page 5
Allah (deity)
Islam volume 6 page 163
Koran volume 7 page 77
Allahabad (city in India)
pilgrimage volume 10 page 85
Allegheny Mountains (mountain range
in the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 82, picture,
volume 1 page 83
MORE TO EXPLORE
Pennsylvania volume 10 page 55
West Virginia volume 15 page 34
Allegheny River (river in the U.S.)
Monongahela and Ohio rivers picture,
volume 10 page 57
Ohio River volume 9 page 127
Allen, Ethan (U.S. patriot and soldier)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 83, picture,
volume 1 page 83
MORE TO EXPLORE
Vermont volume 14 page 69
Allende, Salvador (president of Chile)
Chile volume 3 page 99
All-England Championship (tennis): see
in indexWimbledon Championship
allergy
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 84
MORE TO EXPLORE
asthma volume 1 page 214
immune system volume 6 page 120
sneezing picture, volume 1 page 84
All Hallows Eve: see in index Halloween
Allied Powers (WorldWar I alliance)
Italy volume 6 page 174
WorldWar I volume 15 page 61
Allied Powers (WorldWar II alliance)
Holocaust volume 6 page 72
WorldWar II volume 15 page 65
Allies (WorldWar I): see in index Allied
Powers
Allies (WorldWar II): see in index Allied
Powers
alligator (reptile)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 85, picture,
volume 1 page 85
MORE TO EXPLORE
crocodile volume 3 page 220
in algae picture, volume 1 page 77
in Everglades National Park picture,
volume 5 page 34
nest volume 9 page 37
reptile volume 11 page 51
snout picture, volume 1 page 85, picture,
volume 3 page 221
tail volume 13 page 6
alligator snapping turtle (reptile)
mimicry volume 8 page 131
allograft (surgery)
transplant volume 13 page 91
Allosaurus (dinosaur)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 86
MORE TO EXPLORE
dinosaurs in scale picture, volume 4
page 53
Saurischian dinosaurs picture, volume 4
page 50
alloy (metal mixture)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 87, picture,
volume 1 page 87
MORE TO EXPLORE
metal volume 8 page 106
almond (tree and nut)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 87, picture,
volume 1 page 88
Almoravids (Berber confederation)
Ghana Empire volume 5 page 112
Alodia (ancient kingdom, Nubia, Africa)
Nubia volume 9 page 103
aloha (Hawaiian word)
Hawaii volume 6 page 26
Aloha State (state in the U.S.): see in
index Hawaii
Alome (capital city of Togo): see in index
Lome
alphabet (writing)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 88
alphabetic writing (linguistics)
writing volume 15 page 77
Alpine skiing (sport)
skiing volume 12 page 98
types of skiing courses picture, volume
12 page 98
alpine tundra (geology)
tundra volume 13 page 107
Alps, The (mountain range in Europe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 89
MORE TO EXPLORE
Austria volume 1 page 233, picture, volume
1 page 233
Europe volume 4 page 160
Matterhorn picture, volume 1 page 90
Slovenia picture, volume 12 page 110
Switzerland volume 12 page 218
Swiss village picture, volume 12
page 218
Alsatian (breed of dog): see in index German
shepherd
Altai Mountains (mountain range in
Asia)
Gobi desert picture, volume 5 page 122
altar (religion)
church volume 3 page 117
Roman Catholic church picture, volume
3 page 112
alternative energy
fossil fuel volume 5 page 56
al-Thani family (ruling family in Qatar)
Qatar volume 11 page 4
Althing (Icelandic government)
Iceland volume 6 page 108
aluminum (chemical element)
alloy volume 1 page 87
alveolus (anatomy)
lung volume 7 page 184
respiratory system volume 11 page 55,
picture, volume 11 page 55
Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater
(U.S. dance company)
Ailey volume 1 page 50
rehearsal for Revelations picture, volume
1 page 50
Alzheimers disease
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 91
AM (time): see in index ante meridiem
Amaterasu (Shinto deity)
Shinto volume 12 page 81
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Amaterasu 11
Amateur Athletic Union (U.S. sports
organization)
swimming volume 12 page 217
amateurism
soccer volume 12 page 118
Amateur Softball Association of
America (U.S. organization)
softball volume 12 page 124
amateur sports
sports volume 12 page 168
Amateur Swimming Association (British
sports organization)
swimming volume 12 page 217
Amazonian manatee (mammal)
manatee volume 8 page 39
Amazon River (river in South America)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 91
MORE TO EXPLORE
Brazil volume 2 page 125
facts about South America volume 12
page 143
Peru volume 10 page 64
South America volume 12 page 140
amber (fossil resin)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 92, picture,
volume 1 page 92
MORE TO EXPLORE
fossil volume 5 page 55
jewelry and gems volume 7 page 24
Ambo (people): see in index Ovambo
ambulance (specialized vehicle)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 93
ameba (protozoan order): see in index
amoeba
amendment (change or addition to a law)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 93
MORE TO EXPLORE
United States Constitution volume 14
page 32
ament (flower cluster): see in index catkin
American alligator (reptile) picture, volume
1 page 85
alligator volume 1 page 85
snout picture, volume 1 page 85, picture,
volume 3 page 221
American Anti-Slavery Society (U.S.
history)
Mott volume 8 page 193
American badger (mammal) picture,
volume 2 page 6
badgers volume 2 page 5
American Ballet Theatre (U.S. ballet
company)
ballet volume 2 page 15
American bear (mammal): see in index
black bear
American beaver (rodent)
beaver volume 2 page 44
American bison (mammal) picture, volume
2 page 82
bison volume 2 page 82
Hidatsa bison robe picture, volume 6
page 52
Kaw volume 7 page 51
Native Americans volume 9 page 17
Plains Indians
Assiniboin volume 1 page 212
Blackfoot volume 2 page 85
Sarcee volume 12 page 37
American chestnut (tree)
chestnut volume 3 page 89
American CivilWar (U.S. history)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 94
MORE TO EXPLORE
background
abolitionist movement volume 1
page 12
African Americans volume 1 page 43
Buchanan volume 2 page 138
Missouri Compromise: see in index
Missouri Compromise
Confederacy volume 3 page 176
people
Davis volume 4 page 18
Lee volume 7 page 122, picture, volume
1 page 97
places
Alabama volume 1 page 61
Atlanta volume 1 page 220
Florida volume 5 page 36
Georgia volume 5 page 102
Jackson volume 7 page 4
Louisiana volume 7 page 181
Mississippi volume 8 page 142
Montgomery volume 8 page 176
Nashville volume 9 page 11
North Carolina volume 9 page 86
Pennsylvania volume 10 page 57
Richmond volume 11 page 64
South Carolina volume 12 page 148
Tennessee volume 13 page 44
Virginia volume 14 page 96
events
Emancipation Proclamation volume 4
page 130
Fugitive Slave Acts volume 5 page 74
Harpers Ferry volume 6 page 19
Lees surrender picture, volume 1
page 98
post-war Reconstruction: see in index
Reconstruction
slavery volume 12 page 107
state government volume 12 page 182
Union
people
army officers picture, volume 1
page 97
Barton volume 2 page 29
Grant volume 5 page 137
Johnson volume 7 page 27
Lincoln volume 7 page 155
107th U.S. Colored Infantry picture,
volume 1 page 96
Stowe volume 12 page 195
Tubman volume 13 page 105
places
Columbus volume 3 page 161
Delaware volume 4 page 31
Iowa volume 6 page 146
Kentucky volume 7 page 57
Maine volume 8 page 23
Maryland volume 8 page 69
Missouri volume 8 page 147
New York volume 9 page 59
United States volume 14 page 29
war volume 15 page 9
American colonies (British and U.S.
history)
Albany Congress volume 1 page 67
Declaration of Independence volume 4
page 23
democracy volume 4 page 35
glass volume 5 page 119
American dog tick (arachnid) picture,
volume 13 page 63
American eel (fish) picture, volume 4
page 107
American elk (mammal): see in index
wapiti
American elm (tree) picture, volume 4
page 128
elm volume 4 page 128
12 Amateur Athletic Union BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
American Federation of Labor (labor
organization)
labor volume 7 page 97
American Football League (U.S. sports
organization)
football volume 5 page 50
American Fur Company (historical U.S.
company, 1808-47)
fur trade volume 5 page 76
American goldfinch (bird) picture, volume
5 page 21
American holly (plant) picture, volume 6
page 70
American Indian (indigenous peoples):
see in index Native American
American Indian Movement (U.S. civil
rights organization)
Native Americans volume 9 page 20
Wounded Knee volume 15 page 72,
picture, volume 15 page 72
American League (baseball organization)
baseball volume 2 page 32
American Library Association (U.S.
organization)
childrens literature awards picture, volume
7 page 162
American lobster (marine animal) picture,
volume 3 page 224
crustacean volume 3 page 225
American Muslim Mission (U.S. religious
organization): see in index Islam,
Nation of
American Party (historical U.S. political
party): see in index Know-Nothing party
American Red Cross (health organization)
Barton volume 2 page 29
American Revolution (U.S. history,
1775-83)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 98
MORE TO EXPLORE
Articles of Confederation volume 1
page 195
civil rights volume 3 page 128
Declaration of Independence volume 4
page 24
Enlightenment volume 4 page 142
George III volume 5 page 99
images and maps
Burgoyne surrenders at Saratoga picture,
volume 1 page 101
Jones battles the Serapis picture,
volume 7 page 32
Lexington, Battle of picture, volume 1
page 98
Molly Pitcher picture, volume 1
page 102
Washington at Valley Forge picture,
volume 1 page 101
leaders
Adams, John volume 1 page 23
Adams, Samuel volume 1 page 26
Allen volume 1 page 83
Attucks volume 1 page 226
Franklin volume 5 page 64
Hamilton volume 6 page 10
Henry volume 6 page 40
Lafayette volume 7 page 101
Paine volume 10 page 6
Pulaski volume 10 page 166
Revere volume 11 page 57
Washington volume 15 page 20
Louis XVI volume 7 page 179
Native American involvement
Cayuga volume 3 page 65
Choctaw volume 3 page 110
Hiawatha volume 6 page 49
Iroquois volume 6 page 160
Mohawk volume 8 page 152
Mohican volume 8 page 153
Oneida volume 9 page 137
Onondaga volume 9 page 138
Seneca volume 12 page 65
Tecumseh volume 13 page 30
places
Massachusetts volume 8 page 73
New Hampshire volume 9 page 48
New Jersey volume 9 page 50
Trenton volume 13 page 95
New York volume 9 page 59
North Carolina volume 9 page 86
Pennsylvania volume 10 page 56
Rhode Island volume 11 page 61
Providence volume 10 page 160
South Carolina volume 12 page 148
United States volume 14 page 28
Virginia volume 14 page 96
Richmond volume 11 page 64
taxation volume 13 page 21
American robin (bird) picture, volume 2
page 78, picture, volume 11 page 72
robin volume 11 page 72
American Samoa (islands and U.S. territory
in the Pacific Ocean)
Samoa volume 12 page 24
American Sign Language (form of communication)
sign language volume 12 page 87
American States, Organization of (Pan-
American organization)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 9 page 150
American wayfaring tree
viburnum volume 14 page 76
Americas (continents)
discovery, exploration, and settlement
volume 1 page 102
Cabot picture, volume 1 page 103
Columbus volume 3 page 162
Coronado volume 3 page 200
empire volume 4 page 132
Verrazzano volume 14 page 71
pyramid volume 10 page 171
slavery volume 12 page 106
Amin, Idi (president of Uganda)
Uganda volume 14 page 5
Amish (U.S. religious group)
Amish family working on farm picture,
volume 10 page 56
Pennsylvania volume 10 page 55
Amman (capital city of Jordan)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 108, picture,
volume 1 page 108
MORE TO EXPLORE
Jordan volume 7 page 33
Ammonite (people)
Amman volume 1 page 108
amniotic sac (anatomy)
reproductive system volume 11 page 49
amoeba (protozoan order)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 108
Amon (Egyptian god)
ancient Egypt volume 4 page 113
Amon-Re (Egyptian god)
ancient Egypt volume 4 page 113
Amorite (people)
Mesopotamia volume 8 page 104
amphibian (animal class)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 109
MORE TO EXPLORE
animal volume 1 page 125
brain volume 2 page 122, picture, volume
2 page 122
ear volume 4 page 88
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA amphibian 13
heart volume 6 page 32
hibernation volume 6 page 50
nose volume 9 page 100
prehistoric life volume 10 page 145
urinary systems of frogs and humans
picture, volume 14 page 41
amphitheater (type of building)
architecture volume 1 page 169
Amritsar (city in India)
Clock Tower and Golden Temple picture,
volume 6 page 124
Amstel River (river in The Netherlands)
Amsterdam volume 1 page 111
Amsterdam (capital city of The Netherlands)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 111, picture,
volume 1 page 111
MORE TO EXPLORE
Netherlands volume 9 page 38
Amundsen, Roald (Norwegian explorer)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 112, picture,
volume 1 page 112
MORE TO EXPLORE
Amundsen and crew members picture,
volume 9 page 94
Antarctica volume 1 page 137
Northwest Passage volume 9 page 93
polar exploration volume 10
page 110
anaconda (snake)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 113
anaerobic exercise
exercise volume 4 page 172
Anansi (folklore character) picture, volume
5 page 42
anaphylaxis (physiology)
allergy volume 1 page 84
anarchism (political philosophy)
terrorism volume 13 page 49
Anasazi (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 114
MORE TO EXPLORE
Cliff Palace picture, volume 1 page 114,
picture, volume 3 page 158
Colorado volume 3 page 158
Hohokam culture volume 6 page 70
Pueblo Indians volume 10 page 164
Anatolia (historical region in Asia): see in
index Asia Minor
anatomy (biology)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 115, picture,
volume 1 page 115
Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp,
The (work by Rembrandt)
Rembrandt volume 11 page 44
ANC (political party in South Africa): see
in index African National Congress
Anchorage (city in Alaska, U.S.)
Iditarod Race picture, volume 6
page 113
ancient Egypt: see in index Egypt, ancient
Andean condor (bird)
Andes Mountains volume 1 page 118
South America volume 12 page 142
Andean province (region in Antarctica):
see in indexWest Antarctica
Andersen, Hans Christian (Danish
author)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 116
MORE TO EXPLORE
Copenhagen volume 3 page 195
folktale volume 5 page 43
Little Mermaid, The picture, volume 1
page 128, picture, volume 3 page 196
Ugly Duckling, The picture, volume 1
page 116
Anderson, Marian (U.S. singer)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 116, picture,
volume 1 page 117
Andes Mountains (mountain range in
South America)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 117
MORE TO EXPLORE
Amazon River volume 1 page 91
Argentina volume 1 page 175
Ecuador volume 4 page 102
Mount Fitzroy picture, volume 1
page 118
Peru volume 10 page 64
farmland near Cuzco picture, volume
10 page 65
Machu Picchu volume 8 page 8
South America volume 12 page 140
Andorra (country in Europe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 119
Andorra la Vella (capital city of Andorra)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 120, picture,
volume 1 page 120
MORE TO EXPLORE
Andorra volume 1 page 119
Andrea del Verrocchio (Italian painter):
see in index Verrocchio, Andrea del
android
robot volume 11 page 75
And to Think That I Saw It on Mulberry
Street (work by Dr. Seuss)
Dr. Seuss volume 12 page 73
anemia (blood disorder)
malaria volume 8 page 25
anemone fish picture, volume 5 page 28
anesthetic (medical treatment)
surgery volume 12 page 207
Aneto, Pico de (mountain in Spain)
Pyrenees volume 10 page 171
Angel Falls (waterfall in Venezuela) picture,
volume 14 page 63
Venezuela volume 14 page 63
waterfall volume 15 page 24
Angkor (ancient city in Cambodia)
AngkorWat volume 1 page 120
BODY PARTS
Appendix
Arm
Blood
Bone
Brain
Cell
Ear
Exoskeleton
Eye
Foot
Hair
Hand
Heart
Hoof
Horn
Intestines
Kidney
Knee
Leg
Liver
Lung
Mouth
Muscle
Nail
Nose
Skin
Skull
Stomach
Teeth
Tongue
BODY SYSTEMS
Cardiovascular
System
Circulatory
System
Digestive
System
Endocrine
System
Immune System
Lymphatic
System
Nervous System
Reproductive
System
Respiratory
System
Skeletal System
Urinary System
For more about anatomy,
look for these articles:
14 amphitheater BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
AngkorWat (temple complex in Angkor,
Cambodia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 120, picture,
volume 1 page 121
MORE TO EXPLORE
Cambodia volume 3 page 18
Angle (people)
Anglo-Saxon volume 1 page 121
angle (mathematics)
geometry volume 5 page 98
anglerfish
fish volume 5 page 27
Anglicanism (religion): see in index
England, Church of
angling (recreation): see in index fishing
Anglo-BoerWar (British-South African
history, 1899-1902): see in index Boer
War
Anglo-Saxon (people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 121, picture,
volume 1 page 121
MORE TO EXPLORE
United Kingdom volume 14 page 18
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
Alfred the Great volume 1 page 76
Angola (country in Africa)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 122, picture,
volume 1 page 122, picture, volume 1
page 123
Angora goat (mammal) picture, volume 5
page 121
goat volume 5 page 122
angular momentum (physics)
gyroscope volume 5 page 176
animal (life form)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 124
MORE TO EXPLORE
adaptation volume 1 page 26
cave volume 3 page 64
extinction: see in index extinction
agriculture volume 1 page 48
anatomy and physiology
brain volume 2 page 122
cell picture, volume 3 page 66
circulatory system volume 3 page 119
ear volume 4 page 87
egg volume 4 page 108
enzyme volume 4 page 144
knee picture, volume 7 page 73
tail volume 13 page 6
biome volume 2 page 73
classification picture, volume 7 page 168
endangered species volume 4 page 133
living thing volume 7 page 169, picture,
volume 7 page 167
migration volume 8 page 125
parasite volume 10 page 33
rain forest volume 11 page 24
seed volume 12 page 63
transportation volume 13 page 92
animal migration: see in index migration
animals, legendary
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 128
animal skin
clothing volume 3 page 141
Torah picture, volume 13 page 82
animation (motion pictures)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 129
Anishinabe (Native American people): see
in index Ojibwa
Anjou pear (fruit and tree) picture, volume
10 page 47
Ankara (capital city of Turkey)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 131, picture,
volume 1 page 131
MORE TO EXPLORE
Turkey volume 13 page 111
Ankylosaurus (dinosaur): see in index
Euoplocephalus
Annapolis (state capital of Maryland,
U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 132, picture,
volume 1 page 132
MORE TO EXPLORE
Maryland volume 8 page 68
Anne Boleyn (queen of England)
Henry VIII volume 6 page 39
Anne of Cleves (queen of England)
Henry VIII volume 6 page 39
Anne of Green Gables (novel by
Montgomery)
literature for children volume 7
page 164
Prince Edward Island volume 10
page 150
Annie Allen (work by Brooks)
Brooks volume 2 page 136
anno Domini (division of time for dating
events)
common abbreviations table, volume 1
page 8
anoa (mammal)
buffalo volume 2 page 146
anole (lizard)
chameleon volume 3 page 79
anorexia (medical disorder)
mental illness volume 8 page 101
ant (insect)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 133, picture,
volume 1 page 133, picture, volume 1
page 133
MORE TO EXPLORE
insect volume 6 page 139
leg picture, volume 7 page 123
nest volume 9 page 37
Antananarivo (capital city of Madagascar)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 134, picture,
volume 1 page 134
MORE TO EXPLORE
Madagascar volume 8 page 9
Antarctica (continent)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 135
MORE TO EXPLORE
glacier volume 5 page 116
ozone hole picture, volume 9 page 160
penguins picture, volume 1 page 135
polar exploration volume 10 page 110
Antarctic Circle
Cook volume 3 page 193
Antarctic Peninsula (peninsula of Antarctica)
Antarctica volume 1 page 135
Antarctic Treaty (1959)
Antarctica volume 1 page 137
polar exploration volume 10 page 111
ant bear (mammal): see in index aardvark
anteater (mammal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 138, picture,
volume 1 page 138
MORE TO EXPLORE
mouth volume 8 page 197
antelope (mammal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 138, picture,
volume 1 page 139
Antelope, Morris (Coeur dAlene chief )
picture, volume 3 page 149
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Antelope, Morris 15
AMPHIBIANS
Amphibian
Frog
Salamander
Toad
ARTHROPODS
Ant
Bee
Beetle
Butterfly and Moth
Centipede and
Millipede
Cockroach
Cricket
Crustacean
Dragonfly
Firefly
Flea
Fly
Grasshopper
Insect
Krill
Locust
Mosquito
Scorpion
Spider
Termite
Tick and Mite
Walkingstick
Wasp
BIRDS
Albatross
Bird
Bird, Flightless
Bird of Prey
Blackbird
Bluebird
Canary
Cardinal
Chicken
Cowbird
Crow
Cuckoo
Duck
Eagle
Falcon
Finch
Flamingo
Goose
Gull
Hawk
Heron
Hummingbird
Ibis
Kingfisher
Loon
Magpie
Mockingbird
Nightingale
Ostrich
Owl
Parrot Family
Peacock
Pelican
Penguin
Pigeon
Poultry
Raven
Roadrunner
Robin
Songbird
Sparrow
Stork
Swan
Turkey
Vulture
Whippoorwill
Woodpecker
FISH
Barracuda
Bass
Carp
Catfish
Cod
Eel
Flying Fish
Goldfish
Lamprey
Ray
Salmon
Sea Horse
Shark
Swordfish
Trout
Tuna
MAMMALS
Aardvark
Anteater
Antelope
Ape
Armadillo
Badger
Bat
Bear
Beaver
Bison
Bonobo
Buffalo
Camel
Cat
Cattle
Cheetah
Chimpanzee
Chipmunk
Coyote
Deer
Dog
Dolphin
Donkey
Echidna
Elephant
Elk
Fox
Gerbil
Gibbon
Giraffe
Goat
Gorilla
Groundhog
Guinea Pig
Hamster
Hedgehog
Hippopotamus
Horse
Hyena
Jackal
Jaguar
Kangaroo
Koala
Llama
Lemming
Lemur
Leopard
Lion
Loris
Lynx
Manatee
Marsupial
Mink
Mole
Mongoose
Monkey
Moose
Mouse
Musk-ox
Muskrat
Ocelot
Opossum
Orangutan
Otter
Panda
Pig
Platypus
Porcupine
Porpoise
Prairie Dog
Primate
Puma
Rabbit and Hare
Raccoon
Rat
Reindeer
Rhinoceros
Rodent
Seal
Sheep
Shrew
Skunk
Sloth
Squirrel
Tapir
Tarsier
Tiger
Vole
Walrus
Wapiti
Weasel
Whale
Wolf
Wolverine
Yak
Zebra
MOLLUSKS
Bivalve
Mollusk
Octopus
Oyster
Snail and Slug
Squid
REPTILES
Alligator
Anaconda
Boa Constrictor
Chameleon
Cobra
Coral Snake
Crocodile
Dinosaur
Gecko
Iguana
Lizard
Python
Rattlesnake
Reptile
Sea Snake
Snake
Turtle
Viper
OTHER ANIMALS
Coral
Hydra
Jellyfish
Sea Anemone
Sponge
Starfish
Worm
OTHER ANIMAL
TOPICS
Adaptation
Aquarium
Disease, Animal
Ecosystem
Endangered Species
Exoskeleton
Feather
Food Chain
Fossil
Gestation
Habitat
Hibernation
Hoof
Horn
Metamorphosis
Migration, Animal
Mimicry
Nest
Pet
Protective Coloration
Shell
Tail
Zoo
For more about animals, look for these articles:
16 BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
ante meridiem (time)
common abbreviations table, volume 1
page 8
antenna (animal appendage)
ants volume 1 page 133
butterfly and moth volume 2 page 158
insect anatomy picture, volume 6
page 138
antenna (electronics)
dish antenna picture, volume 11 page 18
radar volume 11 page 15, picture, volume
11 page 16
telecommunication antennas picture,
volume 13 page 34
television broadcasting picture, volume
13 page 40
Anthony, Susan B. (U.S. suffragist)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 139, picture,
volume 1 page 140
MORE TO EXPLORE
Stanton volume 12 page 178
anthracite (mineral)
coal volume 3 page 144
anthrax (disease)
Pasteur volume 10 page 41
anthropology (science)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 140, picture,
volume 1 page 141
MORE TO EXPLORE
culture volume 3 page 230
antibiotic (physiology)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 142, picture,
volume 1 page 142
MORE TO EXPLORE
fungus volume 5 page 76
Lyme disease volume 7 page 189
antibiotic resistance
antibiotics volume 1 page 142
antibody (biochemical agent)
allergy volume 1 page 84
immune system volume 6 page 119,
picture, volume 6 page 119
virus volume 14 page 98
Anti-Federalists (U.S. history)
Federalist papers volume 5 page 9
antigen (biochemistry)
immune system volume 6 page 119,
picture, volume 6 page 119
lymphatic system volume 7 page 190
Antigonish (Nova Scotia, Canada)
children at Scottish festival picture, volume
9 page 102
Antigua and Barbuda (island country in
theWest Indies)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 143
Antigua Basilica of Guadalupe (church
in Mexico City, Mexico) picture, volume
8 page 114
antihistamine (drug)
allergy volume 1 page 85
drug volume 4 page 78
anti-Semitism
Holocaust volume 6 page 71
antislavery movement (European and
U.S. social movement): see in index abolitionist
movement
antler (bone formation)
deer volume 4 page 26, picture, volume 4
page 26
horn volume 6 page 85
moose picture, volume 8 page 181
reindeer volume 11 page 42, picture,
volume 11 page 42
wapiti picture, volume 4 page 127
Antony, Mark (Roman triumvir)
Cleopatra volume 3 page 135
anubis baboon (primate) picture, volume
8 page 168
anus (anatomy)
digestive system
grasshopper picture, volume 4 page 48
human picture, volume 4 page 47
anxiety disorder (mental disorder)
mental illness volume 8 page 100
Apache (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 144
MORE TO EXPLORE
Cochise volume 3 page 145
Geronimo volume 5 page 108
images
cradleboard picture, volume 1
page 144
dolls picture, volume 9 page 18
apartheid (social policy)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 144
MORE TO EXPLORE
African National Congress volume 1
page 46
discrimination volume 4 page 54
Mandela volume 8 page 40, picture, volume
8 page 41
Namibia volume 9 page 7
South Africa volume 12 page 139
Tutu volume 13 page 120
Apatosaurus (dinosaur)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 145
MORE TO EXPLORE
dinosaur picture, volume 4 page 53
ape (primate)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 146, picture,
volume 1 page 147
MORE TO EXPLORE
gibbon picture, volume 5 page 113
human origins volume 6 page 94
monkey volume 8 page 166
orangutan picture, volume 1 page 148
aphasia (loss of communication skills)
speech volume 12 page 162
Aphrodite (Greek goddess)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 148
MORE TO EXPLORE
Ares volume 1 page 174
Apia (capital city of Samoa)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 149
MORE TO EXPLORE
Samoa volume 12 page 24
Apo, Mount (volcano in the Philippines)
Philippines volume 10 page 71
Apocrypha (biblical text)
Bible volume 2 page 67
Apollo (Greek and Roman deity)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 150
MORE TO EXPLORE
Artemis volume 1 page 191
Delphi volume 4 page 33
Hermes volume 6 page 47
Midas volume 8 page 122
temple ruins picture, volume 4 page 33
Zeus volume 15 page 104
Apollo, Temple of (archaeological site in
Delphi, Greece)
Apollo volume 1 page 150
Apollo program (U.S. space program)
Apollo 15 picture, volume 4 page 175
Armstrong volume 1 page 189
Moon volume 8 page 180
Apopis (Egyptian mythology)
Re volume 11 page 31, picture, volume
11 page 31
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Apopis 17
Apostle (Christianity)
Jesus Christ volume 7 page 22
Appalachian Mountains (mountain
range in North America)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 151
MORE TO EXPLORE
images
Blue Ridge picture, volume 2 page 95
Cumberland Gap picture, volume 3
page 231
Great Smoky Mountains picture, volume
9 page 85
Screw Auger Falls picture, volume 1
page 151
United States volume 14 page 24
New York volume 9 page 57
North Carolina volume 9 page 85
Rhode Island volume 11 page 60
West Virginia volume 15 page 34
Appalachian National Scenic Trail (hiking
path in the U.S.)
Appalachian Mountains volume 1
page 152
Appalachian Spring (dance by Graham)
Graham volume 5 page 134
Graham dancing picture, volume 5
page 134
appendectomy (surgery)
appendix volume 1 page 152
appendicitis
appendix volume 1 page 152
appendix (anatomy)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 152
MORE TO EXPLORE
human digestive system picture, volume
4 page 47
lymphatic system picture, volume 7
page 189
apple (tree and fruit)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 152, picture,
volume 1 page 153, picture, volume 14
page 99
MORE TO EXPLORE
fruit picture, volume 5 page 72
application software (computing)
computer volume 3 page 173
applied math (mathematics)
construction work picture, volume 8
page 77
mathematics volume 8 page 77
apricot (tree and fruit)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 153, picture,
volume 1 page 153
aquaculture (horticulture)
seaweed picture, volume 7 page 71
aquarium
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 154, picture,
volume 1 page 154
Aquarius (astronomy)
constellation volume 3 page 188
zodiac signs picture, volume 15
page 107
aqueduct (system for carrying water)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 155, picture,
volume 1 page 155
Aquino, Corazon (president of the Philippines)
Philippines volume 10 page 72
Arab (Arabic-speaking peoples)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 159
MORE TO EXPLORE
history
empire volume 4 page 132
Iran volume 6 page 149
Muhammad volume 8 page 203
Palestine volume 10 page 18
Sudan volume 12 page 199
people and culture
Arabian Peninsula volume 1
page 157
Bahrain volume 2 page 9
Iraq volume 6 page 152
Morocco volume 8 page 183
street market in Cairo picture, volume
1 page 159
Syria volume 12 page 223
Tanzania volume 13 page 16
science and technology
abacus volume 1 page 7
numbers and number systems volume
9 page 107
arabesque (ballet position)
ballet volume 2 page 13
Arabia (region in southwestern Asia): see
in index Arabian Peninsula
Arabian camel (mammal): see in index
dromedary
Arabian Desert (desert in the Arabian
Peninsula)
Arabian Peninsula volume 1 page 156,
picture, volume 1 page 157
Arabian Nights (Middle Eastern tales)
folktale volume 5 page 41
literature volume 7 page 161
Arabian Peninsula (region in southwestern
Asia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 156
Arabic alphabet
alphabet volume 1 page 89
calligraphy volume 3 page 15
Arabic number system: see in index baseten
number system
Arabic numeral
Khwarizmi volume 7 page 62
Arab-IsraeliWars
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 157
MORE TO EXPLORE
Israel volume 6 page 169
Jordan volume 7 page 34
Arab League
Egypt volume 4 page 111
Arab Republic of Egypt (country in the
Middle East): see in index Egypt
arachnid (arthropod class): see in index
scorpion; spider; tick
Arafat, Yasir (Palestinian leader)
Palestine Liberation Organization volume
10 page 19
signing peace agreement picture, volume
10 page 19
Aragats, Mount (mountain in Armenia)
Armenia volume 1 page 184
Aral Sea (sea in Central Asia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 160
Aramaic alphabet
alphabet volume 1 page 89
Aranyakas (Hindu literature)
Veda volume 14 page 60
Arapaho (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 161
MORE TO EXPLORE
Arapaho traditional clothing picture,
volume 1 page 161
Custer volume 3 page 233
Gros Ventre volume 5 page 163
Wyoming volume 15 page 80
Ararat, Mount (mountain in Turkey)
Khor Virap monastery picture, volume 1
page 184
18 Apostle BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
Araucanian (Native American people)
Chile volume 3 page 99
Arawak (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 161
MORE TO EXPLORE
Bahamas volume 2 page 8
Barbados volume 2 page 27
Carib volume 3 page 40
Haiti volume 6 page 9
Jamaica volume 7 page 10
Puerto Rico volume 10 page 165
stone carving picture, volume 1
page 161
Arbor Day (United States holiday)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 162, picture,
volume 1 page 162
arboreal locomotion (animal behavior)
sloth volume 12 page 108
Arc de Triomphe (arch in Paris, France)
Bastille Day parade picture, volume 2
page 38
arch (architecture)
architecture volume 1 page 167
archaeology (science)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 163
MORE TO EXPLORE
ancient tomb in China picture, volume 1
page 163
anthropology volume 1 page 142
excavation in Peru picture, volume 1
page 164
history volume 6 page 64
origins volume 10 page 121
paleontology volume 10 page 17
Archaeopteryx (prehistoric bird)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 164
MORE TO EXPLORE
dinosaur volume 4 page 51, picture, volume
4 page 53
arch bridge (transportation structure)
bridge volume 2 page 130, picture, volume
2 page 130
Prague picture, volume 10 page 142
archery
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 165, picture,
volume 1 page 165, picture, volume 1
page 166
archipelago (geology)
Fiji picture, volume 5 page 19
island volume 6 page 167
architecture
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 167
MORE TO EXPLORE
ancient Rome volume 11 page 88
MARTa Museum in Herford, Germany
picture, volume 1 page 172
arctic climate: see in index polar climate
Arctic fox (mammal)
fox volume 5 page 57
Arctic islands (islands in Canada)
Northwest Passage volume 9 page 93
Arctic Ocean
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 172, picture,
volume 1 page 173
MORE TO EXPLORE
ocean volume 9 page 117
polar exploration volume 10 page 110
Arctic peoples: see in index Aleut;
Eskimo; Sami
Arctic regions
exploration
Amundsen volume 1 page 113
Peary volume 10 page 48
polar bear picture, volume 2 page 42
Arctic tern (bird)
animal migration volume 8 page 125
Arctic tundra
tundra volume 13 page 107
Ardennes (region inWestern Europe)
picture, volume 2 page 54
Ardennes, Battle of the (WorldWar II):
see in index Bulge, Battle of the
arena stage (theater)
theater volume 13 page 57
Arequipa (town in Peru)
town plaza picture, volume 10 page 65
Ares (Greek god)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 174
MORE TO EXPLORE
Athena volume 1 page 218
Hera volume 6 page 43
Are You There God? Its Me, Margaret
(work by Blume)
Blume volume 2 page 96
Argall, Samuel (English sea captain)
Delaware volume 4 page 30
Argentina (country in South America)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 175
MORE TO EXPLORE
Falkland Islands volume 5 page 6
Patagonia picture, volume 1 page 118,
picture, volume 1 page 175
gauchos picture, volume 3 page 61
Tierra del Fuego volume 13 page 64
aria (solo song)
opera volume 9 page 141
Arias Davila, Pedro (Spanish soldier and
colonial administrator): see in index
Davila, Pedro Arias
Ariel (moon of Uranus)
Uranus volume 14 page 39
Aries (astronomy)
constellation volume 3 page 188
zodiac signs picture, volume 15 page 107
Arikara (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 177
MORE TO EXPLORE
Arikara ceremony picture, volume 1
page 177
Hidatsa volume 6 page 53
Mandan volume 8 page 40
Pierre volume 10 page 82
Aristide, Jean-Bertrand (president of
Haiti)
Haiti volume 6 page 9
Aristotle (ancient Greek philosopher)
Alexander the Great volume 1 page 73
imagined meeting of philosophers by
Raphael picture, volume 10 page 73
arithmetic (mathematics)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 177
MORE TO EXPLORE
mathematics volume 8 page 77
Arizona (state in the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 178
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
Grand Canyon picture, volume 4
page 93
Marble Canyon and Colorado River
picture, volume 3 page 159
Tonto National Forest picture, volume
10 page 75
Hohokam culture volume 6 page 69,
picture, volume 1 page 179
telecommunication antennas picture,
volume 13 page 34
ark (Judaism) picture, volume 12 page 222
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA ark 19
Arkansas (Native American people): see
in index Quapaw
Arkansas (state in the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 180, picture,
volume 1 page 180
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
State Capitol picture, volume 5
page 132
William J. Clinton Presidential
Library picture, volume 7 page 166
history
Clinton volume 3 page 139
desegregation of schools picture, volume
1 page 181
Eisenhower volume 4 page 118
rice crop picture, volume 1 page 181
Arkansas River (river in the U.S.)
nearWichita, Kansas picture, volume 7
page 48
ark of the Law (Judaism): see in index ark
Arles (France)
Van Gogh volume 14 page 56
Arlington National Cemetery (cemetery
in Virginia, U.S.)
grave markers picture, volume 4 page 22
arm (anatomy)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 182, picture,
volume 1 page 182
MORE TO EXPLORE
bone picture, volume 2 page 106
skeletal muscles picture, volume 8
page 208
Armada, Spanish (Spanish naval fleet)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 183
MORE TO EXPLORE
Drake volume 4 page 70
Elizabeth I volume 4 page 126
armadillo (mammal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 183, picture,
volume 1 page 183
armed forces
Memorial Day volume 8 page 97
submarine volume 12 page 196
armed martial arts
martial arts volume 8 page 64
Armenia (country in Asia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 184
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
monument in Yerevan picture, volume
1 page 185
Mount Ararat and Khor Virap monastery
picture, volume 1 page 184
Armenian Apostolic church
Armenia volume 1 page 185
Armistice (European-U.S. history)
WorldWar I volume 15 page 65
Armistice Day (holiday): see in index
Veterans Day
armor (protective clothing)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 186
MORE TO EXPLORE
ancient warriors picture, volume 15
page 9
European armor picture, volume 1
page 186
armor-piercing bomb (military technology)
bomb volume 2 page 104
Armstrong, Lance (U.S. cyclist)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 187, picture,
volume 1 page 187
Armstrong, Louis (U.S. musician)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 188, picture,
volume 1 page 188
MORE TO EXPLORE
jazz volume 7 page 16
Armstrong, Neil (U.S. astronaut)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 188, picture,
volume 1 page 189
MORE TO EXPLORE
exploration volume 4 page 174
Moon volume 8 page 180
space exploration volume 12 page 152
army (military force)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 189, picture,
volume 1 page 189
MORE TO EXPLORE
Spanish-AmericanWar picture, volume
12 page 157
Army, United States (U.S. military): see
in index United States Army, The
Around theWorld in Eighty Days
(book by Verne)
Verne volume 14 page 70
ARPANET (U.S. computer network): see
in index Advanced Research Projects
Agency Network
arrow: see in index bow and arrow
arroyo (dry streambed): see in index wadi
art
Renaissance volume 11 page 46
Artemis (Greek goddess)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 190
arteriole (anatomy)
cardiovascular system volume 3 page 39
arteriosclerosis (disease)
cardiovascular system volume 3 page 40
artery (anatomy)
cardiovascular system volume 3 page 38,
picture, volume 3 page 38
art exhibit (art show)
art show poster picture, volume 9
page 44
arthritis (bone and joint disease)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 191, picture,
volume 1 page 191
arthropod (animal)
animal volume 1 page 125
invertebrates volume 6 page 144
leg volume 7 page 124
prehistoric life volume 10 page 145
Arthur (legendary king of Britain)
Arthurian legend volume 1 page 193
Arthur, Chester A. (president of the
U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 191, picture,
volume 1 page 192
MORE TO EXPLORE
timeline volume 1 page 191
Arthurian legend
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 193, picture,
volume 1 page 193
Articles of Confederation (U.S. history,
1781-89)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 194, picture,
volume 1 page 194
MORE TO EXPLORE
Continental Congress volume 3
page 192
state government volume 12
page 181
United States Constitution volume 14
page 32
artifact (archaeology)
archaeology volume 1 page 163
20 Arkansas BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
artificial fiber
fibers volume 5 page 16, picture, volume
5 page 17, picture, volume 13
page 28
textile volume 13 page 53
artificial gem (chemical compound): see
in index synthetic gem
artificial hip joint picture, volume 13
page 91
artificial intelligence
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 195 rtillery
war volume 15 page 10
artistic gymnastics
gymnastics volume 5 page 174
art museum
museum volume 8 page 211, picture,
volume 8 page 211
arts, the
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 196
MORE TO EXPLORE
communication volume 3 page 167
Hermitage picture, volume 1 page 196
Arts and Crafts movement
decorative arts volume 4 page 25
Morris wallpaper picture, volume 4
page 26
art therapy (medicine and psychology)
mental illness treatment picture, volume
8 page 101
Aruba (island in the Caribbean Sea)
Netherlands volume 9 page 38
Aryan (ancient Asian people)
Asia volume 1 page 204
Hinduism volume 6 page 57
India volume 6 page 124
Indus Valley volume 6 page 136
Iran volume 6 page 148
asana (Yoga position)
Yoga volume 15 page 93
Asante (people): see in index Ashanti
Asante (historical kingdom in Africa): see
in index Ashanti
ASAP (abbreviated phrase)
abbreviation volume 1 page 8
asexual reproduction (biology)
reproductive system volume 11 page 47
ash (tree)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 196, picture,
volume 1 page 197
ash (volcanic material): see in index volcanic
ash
Ashanti (people)
Ghana volume 5 page 111
Ashanti (historical kingdom in Africa)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 197, picture,
volume 1 page 197
Ashe, Arthur (U.S. tennis player)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 198, picture,
volume 1 page 198
Ashgabat (capital city of Turkmenistan)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 199
MORE TO EXPLORE
monument in downtown Ashgabat picture,
volume 1 page 199
Turkmenistan volume 13 page 115
Ashoka (emperor of India): see in index
Asoka
Ashur (ancient city in Iraq): see in index
Assur
Asia (continent)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 200
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
mountains
Himalayas volume 6 page 54, picture,
volume 9 page 31
Karakoram Range picture, volume 7
page 50
Mount Everest volume 4 page 167,
picture, volume 4 page 167
Pamir Mountains picture, volume 13
page 10
Tian Shan picture, volume 1
page 202
rivers, lakes, and seas
Aral Sea: see in index Aral Sea
Belaya River picture, volume 14
page 38
Caspian Sea: see in index Caspian
Sea
Euphrates River volume 4
page 159
Ganges volume 5 page 86
Mekong River volume 8 page 96,
picture, volume 8 page 96
Yangtze picture, volume 15
page 87
people and culture
Kiyomizu Temple picture, volume 1
page 203
refugee picture, volume 11 page 39
SARS picture, volume 4 page 146
traditional dress picture, volume 7
page 52, picture, volume 7
page 83
science and technology
brass volume 2 page 123
Asia Minor (historical region in Asia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 206
MORE TO EXPLORE
technology and invention volume 13
page 25
Turkey volume 13 page 111
Afghanistan
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Brunei
Cambodia
China
East Timor
Georgia
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Korea, North
Korea, South
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Laos
Lebanon
Malaysia
Maldives
Mongolia
Myanmar
Nepal
Oman
Pakistan
Philippines
Qatar
Russia
Saudi Arabia
Singapore
Sri Lanka
Syria
Tajikistan
Thailand
Turkey
Turkmenistan
United Arab
Emirates
Uzbekistan
Vietnam
Yemen
For more about Asia, look for
articles on these countries:
Animation
Architecture
Ballet
Book and
Bookmaking
Calligraphy
Dance
Decorative Arts
Drama
Drawing
Literature
Music
Musical
Instrument
Opera
Painting
Pottery
Sculpture
Theater
For more about the arts,
look for these articles:
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Asia Minor 21
Asian American (people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 206, picture,
volume 1 page 207, picture, volume 1
page 207
Asian camel (mammal): see in index Bactrian
camel
Asian elephant (mammal) picture, volume
4 page 124
elephant volume 4 page 123
Asian water buffalo (mammal): see in
index water buffalo
Asiatic black bear (mammal)
bear volume 2 page 41
Asiatic chipmunk (mammal)
chipmunk volume 3 page 106
aside (dramatic device)
drama volume 4 page 72
Asimov, Isaac (U.S. author)
science fiction volume 12 page 51
ASL (form of communication): see in
index American Sign Language
Asmara (capital city of Eritrea)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 209
MORE TO EXPLORE
Eritrea volume 4 page 151
Asoka (emperor of India)
Buddhism volume 2 page 145
Mauryan Empire volume 8 page 81
asparagus (plant and food)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 209, picture,
volume 1 page 209
aspartame (sugar substitute)
sugar volume 12 page 202
aspen (tree)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 210, picture,
volume 1 page 210
MORE TO EXPLORE
poplar volume 10 page 126
asphalt
road volume 11 page 70
aspirin (drug)
chicken pox volume 3 page 95
Reyes syndrome volume 11 page 58
ass (animal)
donkey volume 4 page 67
As-Sa!id (region of the Nile Valley in
Africa): see in index Upper Egypt
Assassin (Islamic group)
assassination volume 1 page 211
assassination (murder of a public figure)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 210
assemblage (art)
sculpture volume 12 page 56
Assemblee Nationale (historical French
parliament): see in index National
Assembly
assembly line (industry) picture, volume 8
page 46
automobile volume 1 page 237
technology and invention volume 13
page 28
Assiniboin (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 211, picture,
volume 1 page 211
MORE TO EXPLORE
Manitoba volume 8 page 44
Saskatchewan volume 12 page 39
association football (soccer): see in index
soccer
Assur (ancient city in Iraq)
Tigris River volume 13 page 66
Assyria (ancient Middle Eastern empire)
aqueduct volume 1 page 156
Mesopotamia volume 8 page 104
Astana (capital city of Kazakhstan)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 212
MORE TO EXPLORE
Kazakhstan volume 7 page 52
asteroid (astronomy)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 212, picture,
volume 1 page 213
MORE TO EXPLORE
solar system volume 12 page 128
asteroid belt (astronomy)
asteroid volume 1 page 213
solar system picture, volume 12
page 127
asthma (breathing disorder)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 213, picture,
volume 1 page 213
Astley, Philip (English circus manager)
circus volume 3 page 120
astrology
zodiac volume 15 page 107
astronaut (space explorer)
Moon exploration picture, volume 4
page 175
space exploration volume 12 page 151
solar flare picture, volume 12 page 203
astronomer
map and globe picture, volume 8 page 49
astronomical observatory
telescope volume 13 page 39
astronomical unit (measurement)
solar system picture, volume 12 page 127
astronomy (science)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 214
MORE TO EXPLORE
Earth picture, volume 4 page 90
Jupiter picture, volume 7 page 41
solar flare picture, volume 12 page 203
Uranus picture, volume 14 page 39
Venus picture, volume 14 page 66
Asuncion (capital city of Paraguay)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 216
MORE TO EXPLORE
Paraguay volume 10 page 30
presidential palace picture, volume 1
page 216
Aswan High Dam (dam in Egypt)
Nile River volume 9 page 73
asylum (law)
refugee volume 11 page 40
Atacama Desert (desert in Chile)
desert near Laguna Miscanti picture,
volume 3 page 99
rain volume 11 page 22
Atari Corporation (U.S. electronic company)
electronic games volume 4 page 122
Ataturk, Kemal (president of Turkey)
Ankara volume 1 page 132
Asteroid
Aurora
Black Hole
Comet
Constellation
Eclipse
Galaxy
Meteor and
Meteorite
Milky Way
Moon
Nebula
Planet
Satellite
Solar System
Star
Sun
Universe
For more about astronomy,
look for these articles:
22 Asian American BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
Mausoleum picture, volume 1
page 131
Turkey volume 13 page 113
Atbara River (river in Africa)
Nile River volume 9 page 72
Athapaskan (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 216
MORE TO EXPLORE
Athapaskan child picture, volume 1
page 216
Northwest Territories volume 9 page 95
Yukon volume 15 page 97
Atharvaveda (Hindu literature)
Veda volume 14 page 60
Athena (Greek goddess)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 217
MORE TO EXPLORE
Athens volume 1 page 218
Perseus volume 10 page 60
Zeus volume 15 page 104
Athens (capital city of Greece)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 218, picture,
volume 1 page 218
MORE TO EXPLORE
Acropolis volume 1 page 19
ancient Greece volume 5 page 154
Athena volume 1 page 218
city-state volume 3 page 126
Greece volume 5 page 151
PersianWars volume 10 page 63
athlete: see in index sports
athletics (sports): see in index track and
field
Atlanta (state capital of Georgia, U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 219
MORE TO EXPLORE
Centennial Olympic Park picture, volume
1 page 219
Georgia volume 5 page 101
Atlanta Braves (baseball team)
Aaron volume 1 page 7
Atlantic cod (fish)
cod volume 3 page 147
Atlantic manta (fish)
ray volume 11 page 30
Atlantic Migration (international history)
human migration volume 8
page 128
Atlantic Ocean
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 220, picture,
volume 1 page 221
MORE TO EXPLORE
Mayflower picture, volume 8 page 83
ocean volume 9 page 117
volcano volume 14 page 100
Atlantic puffin (bird) picture, volume 4
page 36
Atlantic salmon (fish)
salmon volume 12 page 22
Atlas (Greek mythology)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 222
MORE TO EXPLORE
atlas volume 1 page 223
Titans volume 13 page 71
atlas (collection of maps)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 223, picture,
volume 1 page 223
atlas (vertebra)
skull volume 12 page 103
atman (Hindu philosophy)
Hinduism volume 6 page 56
atmosphere (gaseous envelope)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 223
MORE TO EXPLORE
aurora volume 1 page 228
Earth volume 4 page 89
environment volume 4 page 143
sun volume 12 page 203
water volume 15 page 23
atmospheric pressure
vacuum volume 14 page 50
weather volume 15 page 27
atoll (reef and landform): see in index
coral atoll
atom (matter)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 224
MORE TO EXPLORE
chemical element volume 3 page 86
chemistry volume 3 page 87
components picture, volume 1 page 225
crystal volume 3 page 226
electricity volume 4 page 120
molecule volume 8 page 155
nuclear energy volume 9 page 103
radiation volume 11 page 16
atom bomb (fission device): see in index
atomic bomb
atomic bomb (fission device)
bomb volume 2 page 104
Hiroshima volume 6 page 60
Japan volume 7 page 15
mushroom cloud picture, volume 2
page 105
New Mexico volume 9 page 52
Truman volume 13 page 101
war volume 15 page 10
weapon volume 15 page 26
WorldWar II volume 15 page 70
Atomic Bomb Dome (building in
Hiroshima, Japan)
Hiroshima volume 6 page 60
atomic clock (instrument)
clock volume 3 page 141
atomic energy (physics): see in index
nuclear energy
atomic nucleus (physics)
atom volume 1 page 224, picture, volume
1 page 225
nuclear energy volume 9 page 103
radiation volume 11 page 17
atomic number (physics)
atom volume 1 page 225
chemical element volume 3 page 86
atomic weight (chemistry and physics)
atom volume 1 page 225
Atonement, Day of (Judaism): see in
index Yom Kippur
atrium (heart anatomy)
cardiovascular system volume 3 page 38
heart volume 6 page 31
human heart picture, volume 6 page 31
Atsina (Native American people): see in
index Gros Ventre
attack aircraft
air force volume 1 page 52
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
(medical disorder)
mental illness volume 8 page 101
Attila (king of the Huns)
Attila the Hun with his warriors picture,
volume 6 page 99
Huns volume 6 page 99
attitude (ballet position)
ballet volume 2 page 14
Attiwandaron (Native American people)
Ontario volume 9 page 140
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Attiwandaron 23
Attucks, Crispus (American hero)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 225, picture,
volume 1 page 226
MORE TO EXPLORE
American Revolution volume 1 page 99
auditory signal (electronics)
television volume 13 page 40
auditory tube (anatomy): see in index
eustachian tube
Augusta (state capital of Maine, U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 226, picture,
volume 1 page 226
MORE TO EXPLORE
Maine volume 8 page 22
Augusta National Golf Club (U.S. organization)
water hazard picture, volume 5 page 126
Augustus (Roman emperor)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 227
MORE TO EXPLORE
ancient Rome volume 11 page 90
Cleopatra volume 3 page 135
Aurangzeb (Mughal emperor)
Mughal Empire volume 8 page 202
auricle (anatomy of the ear)
bats ear picture, volume 4 page 87
ear volume 4 page 87, picture, volume 4
page 87
aurora (atmospheric phenomenon)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 227
MORE TO EXPLORE
aurora over northern Canada picture,
volume 1 page 227
solar system volume 12 page 127
sun volume 12 page 203
aurora australis (atmospheric phenomenon)
auroras volume 1 page 228
aurora borealis (atmospheric phenomenon)
auroras volume 1 page 227
Austin (state capital of Texas, U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 228
Australasia (region, Oceania)
Oceania volume 9 page 119
Australia (island continent and nation)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 229
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
Great Barrier Reef volume 5 page 145
sea stacks picture, volume 14 page 78
Uluru/Ayers Rock picture, volume 1
page 13
Wave Rock picture, volume 11
page 75
history
Cook volume 3 page 193
gold rush volume 5 page 123
Nauru volume 9 page 22
Port Arthur picture, volume 13
page 20
timeline volume 1 page 229
people and culture
Australian Aborigine volume 1 page 13
boomerang volume 2 page 110
national anthem volume 9 page 13
wildlife
echidna picture, volume 4 page 97
frilled lizard picture, volume 7
page 170
kangaroo picture, volume 7 page 46
koala picture, volume 7 page 76
marsupial picture, volume 8 page 63
Australian Aborigine (people)
aboriginal peoples volume 1 page 13
Australia volume 1 page 230
Aboriginal artist picture, volume 9
page 91
Northern Territory volume 9 page 91
Queensland volume 11 page 11
South Australia volume 12 page 145
Sydney volume 12 page 221
Uluru/Ayers Rock picture, volume 1
page 13
Victoria volume 14 page 78
Western Australia volume 15 page 31
boomerang volume 2 page 110
Australian Alps (mountain range in Australia)
Australia volume 1 page 229
Australian Capital Territory (territory of
Australia)
New SouthWales volume 9 page 53
Australian Legendary Tales (work by
Parker)
literature for children volume 7
page 164
Australian Open (tennis)
Ashe volume 1 page 199
Williams sisters volume 15 page 45
australopithecine (paleontology)
foot prints picture, volume 6 page 95
human lineage picture, volume 6 page 93
human origins volume 6 page 95
Australopithecus afarensis (hominid)
human lineage picture, volume 6 page 93
skull comparison with other homonids
picture, volume 6 page 95
Austria (country in Europe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 233
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
Alps picture, volume 1 page 233
Salzburg picture, volume 1 page 234
history
Hapsburgs volume 6 page 15
Poland volume 10 page 108
Austria-Hungary (historic empire in
Europe, 1867-1918)
Czechoslovakia volume 3 page 238
Czech Republic volume 3 page 240
Hapsburgs volume 6 page 16
Hungary volume 6 page 102
WorldWar I volume 15 page 61
Yugoslavia volume 15 page 95
autograft (surgery)
transplant volume 13 page 91
autoimmune disease
immune system volume 6 page 120
automated teller machine (banking)
automated teller machine in Shanghai,
China picture, volume 2 page 25
automaton
robot volume 11 page 74
automobile
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 235
MORE TO EXPLORE
images
city transportation picture, volume 13
page 92
early car picture, volume 1 page 236
flood picture, volume 5 page 33
hybrid car picture, volume 1 page 237
parts picture, volume 1 page 235
Michigan volume 8 page 117
technology and invention volume 13
page 27
transportation volume 13 page 93
autonomic nervous system (physiology)
nervous system volume 9 page 36
Autry, Gene (U.S. singer and actor)
country music volume 3 page 208
24 Attucks, Crispus BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
autumn (season)
leaf volume 7 page 119
season volume 12 page 61
autumnal equinox (astronomy)
season volume 12 page 61, picture, volume
12 page 61
avalanche (geological event)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 238
MORE TO EXPLORE
landslide volume 7 page 104
avatar (Hinduism)
saint volume 12 page 9
Avenue (in roadway names)
common abbreviations table, volume 1
page 8
aviation
airport security picture, volume 15
page 82
Earhart volume 4 page 88
Wright brothers first flight picture, volume
15 page 76
Avicenna (Persian physician)
medicine volume 8 page 93
avocado (plant and fruit)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 238, picture,
volume 1 page 238
axis (Earth)
Earth volume 4 page 90
season picture, volume 12 page 61
Axis Powers (WorldWar II alliance)
Germany volume 5 page 107
Japan volume 7 page 15
WorldWar II volume 15 page 65
axon (anatomy): see in index nerve fiber
Axum (ancient kingdom in Africa): see in
index Aksum
Axum (city in Ethiopia): see in index
Aksum
Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini (Iranian
leader): see in index Khomeini, Ayatollah
Ruhollah
aye-aye (primate)
primate picture, volume 10
page 149
Ayers Rock (formation in Northern Territory,
Australia): see in index Uluru/
Ayers Rock
Ayers Rock-Mount Olga National Park
(park in Northern Territory, Australia):
see in index Uluru-Kata Tjuta National
Park
Aymara (Native American people)
festival in La Paz picture, volume 2
page 102
Ayutthaya (kingdom in Thailand)
Thailand volume 13 page 55
azalea (plant) picture, volume 12
page 209
Azerbaijan (country in Asia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 239
MORE TO EXPLORE
Armenia volume 1 page 185
Aztec (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 240
MORE TO EXPLORE
Aztec drawing picture, volume 1
page 240
calendar: see in index Aztec calendar
chocolate volume 3 page 109
conquistador volume 3 page 186
Cortes volume 3 page 201
Mexico volume 8 page 111
Mexico City volume 8 page 114
vanilla volume 14 page 57
Aztec calendar
calendar volume 3 page 10
Aztec Empire (Amerindian kingdom): see
in index Aztec
Aztec language: see in index Nahuatl language
Bab, the (Iranian religious leader)
Baha#i Faith volume 2 page 7
Babbage, Charles (British inventor and
mathematician)
computer volume 3 page 173
Babel (ancient city in Mesopotamia): see
in index Babylon
Babelthuap Island (island in Palau)
Palau volume 10 page 16
Babe the Blue Ox (legendary character)
Bunyan volume 2 page 150
statue picture, volume 2 page 150
Babi (Persian religious group)
Baha#i Faith volume 2 page 7
baboon (primate)
monkey volume 8 page 167
olive baboons picture, volume 8
page 168
Babur (Mughal Empire founder)
Mughal Empire volume 8 page 202
baby (growth stage): see in index infant
Babylon (ancient city in Mesopotamia)
Hammurabi picture, volume 3 page 127
Babylonia (ancient region in the Middle
East)
Mesopotamia volume 8 page 104
Babylonian (people)
brick and tile volume 2 page 129
census volume 3 page 71
baby tooth (anatomy): see in index primary
tooth
Bach, Johann Sebastian (German composer)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 4, picture,
volume 2 page 4
backbone (anatomy): see in index spine
backstroke (swimming)
swimming volume 12 page 215
bacteria (single-celled organisms)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 5, picture,
volume 2 page 5
MORE TO EXPLORE
animal disease volume 4 page 55
antibiotics volume 1 page 142, picture,
volume 1 page 142
drug volume 4 page 78
fermentation volume 5 page 11
human disease volume 4 page 56
immune system picture, volume 6
page 119
intestines volume 6 page 143
parasite volume 10 page 32
plague volume 10 page 92
Salmonella picture, volume 5 page 46
scarlet fever volume 12 page 48
tonsillitis volume 13 page 81
tuberculosis volume 13 page 104
typhoid fever volume 13 page 124
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA bacteria 25
bacterial meningitis (disease)
meningitis volume 8 page 99
Bactrian camel (mammal) picture, volume
3 page 19
camel volume 3 page 19
Baden-Powell, Robert (British army
officer)
scouting volume 12 page 53
badger (mammal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 5, picture,
volume 2 page 6
Badlands (region in the Dakotas, U.S.)
North Dakota volume 9 page 87
Theodore Roosevelt National Memorial
Park picture, volume 9 page 88
Baekeland, Leo H. (U.S. chemist)
plastic volume 10 page 97
baggataway (sport): see in index lacrosse
Baghdad (capital city of Iraq)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 6
MORE TO EXPLORE
Iraq volume 6 page 151
bagpipe (musical instrument)
musical instruments volume 8 page 216
Bahadur Shah II (Mughal emperor)
Mughal Empire volume 8 page 202
Baha#i faith
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 7, picture,
volume 2 page 7
Bahamas, The (island country in the
West Indies)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 8, picture,
volume 2 page 8
MORE TO EXPLORE
beach picture, volume 9 page 11
Baha# Ullah (Iranian religious leader)
Baha#i Faith volume 2 page 7
Bahrain (country in the Middle East)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 9, picture,
volume 2 page 9
MORE TO EXPLORE
Manamas Grand Mosque picture, volume
8 page 39
Bailey, James A. (U.S. circus impresario)
circus volume 3 page 120
Bairiki (capital city of Kiribati)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 10, picture,
volume 2 page 10
MORE TO EXPLORE
Kiribati volume 7 page 71
Bakelite (chemical compound)
plastic volume 10 page 97
Baku (capital city of Azerbaijan)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 10, picture,
volume 2 page 10
MORE TO EXPLORE
Azerbaijan volume 1 page 239
balance beam (gymnastics)
gymnastics volume 5 page 175, picture,
volume 5 page 176
Balanchine, George (Russian-U.S. choreographer)
ballet volume 2 page 15
Tallchief volume 13 page 12
Balboa, Vasco Nunez de (Spanish
explorer)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 11, picture,
volume 2 page 11
MORE TO EXPLORE
exploration volume 1 page 104
Pacific Ocean volume 10 page 5
bald cypress (tree)
cypress volume 3 page 235
swamp growth picture, volume 12
page 209
bald eagle (bird) picture, volume 4
page 86
eagle volume 4 page 86
Balearic Islands (islands of Spain in
Mediterranean Sea)
Spain volume 12 page 153
baleen whale (mammal)
whale volume 15 page 36
Balkan Mountains (mountains in Southern
Europe)
rock formations picture, volume 2
page 149
Balkan Peninsula (region in Europe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 11
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
Adriatic Sea volume 1 page 31
Balkan Mountains, Bulgaria picture,
volume 2 page 149
citadel at Kruje, Albania picture, volume
1 page 65
Danube River, Serbia picture, volume
12 page 72
Dniester River valley, Moldova picture,
volume 8 page 154
Dubrovnik, Croatia picture, volume 3
page 218, picture, volume 6 page 17
Julian Alps, Slovenia picture, volume
12 page 110
Lake Bled, Slovenia picture, volume 2
page 13
landscape, Romania picture, volume
11 page 84
Ljubljana, Slovenia picture, volume 7
page 171
Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina picture,
volume 2 page 113
NATO volume 9 page 84
Balkans (region in Europe): see in index
Balkan Peninsula
BalkanWars (European history,
1912-13)
Greece volume 5 page 152
ball (baseball)
baseball volume 2 page 31
softball volume 12 page 123
ball (sports)
cricket volume 3 page 214
soccer volume 12 page 116
ballast tank (shipbuilding)
submarine volume 12 page 197
ballerina (female ballet dancer)
ballet volume 2 page 14
ballet (dance)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 13, picture,
volume 2 page 14
MORE TO EXPLORE
"Swan Lake" picture, volume 2 page 14
dance volume 4 page 13
Ballet Folklorico de Mexico (Mexican
ballet company) picture, volume 8
page 111
Ballet Society (U.S. ballet company): see
in index New York City Ballet
Ballets Russes (ballet company)
ballet volume 2 page 14
ball game (Native American culture)
Choctaw men picture, volume 3
page 109
ballistics
police volume 10 page 113
26 bacterial meningitis BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
balloon (aircraft)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 15
MORE TO EXPLORE
airplane volume 1 page 57
hot-air balloon picture, volume 2
page 16
parade balloon picture, volume 2 page 15
weather balloon picture, volume 3
page 137
ballot (voting and elections) picture, volume
10 page 114
ball python (snake)
python volume 10 page 172
balsam (tree): see in index fir
Baltics (region of Europe): see in index
Baltic states
Baltic Sea (sea in Europe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 17, picture,
volume 2 page 17
Baltic states (region of Europe): see in
index Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania
Baltimore (city in Maryland, U.S.)
Inner Harbor buildings picture, volume
8 page 68
Baltimore, Lord (British statesman)
Maryland volume 8 page 68
Bamako (capital city of Mali)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 17
MORE TO EXPLORE
Mali volume 8 page 32
bamboo (plant)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 18, picture,
volume 2 page 18
MORE TO EXPLORE
grass volume 5 page 141
panda volume 10 page 25, picture, volume
10 page 25
banana (plant and fruit)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 18, picture,
volume 2 page 19
MORE TO EXPLORE
fruit picture, volume 5 page 72
Banda Oriental del Uruguay (historical
region in Uruguay)
Uruguay volume 14 page 43
Bandar Seri Begawan (capital city of
Brunei)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 19, picture,
volume 2 page 20
MORE TO EXPLORE
Brunei volume 2 page 137
banded anteater (mammal): see in index
numbat
banded sea krait (sea snake) picture, volume
12 page 60
Banff National Park (park in Alberta,
Canada) picture, volume 3 page 23
Lake Louise picture, volume 1 page 69
Bangkok (capital city of Thailand)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 20, picture,
volume 2 page 20
MORE TO EXPLORE
Buddhist temple picture, volume 13
page 42
Thailand volume 13 page 54
Bangladesh (country in South Asia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 21
MORE TO EXPLORE
Ganges River volume 5 page 87
India volume 6 page 125
Meghna River picture, volume 2 page 22
Pakistan volume 10 page 15
Bangui (capital city of the Central African
Republic)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 23
MORE TO EXPLORE
Central African Republic volume 3
page 73
Banjul (capital city of The Gambia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 23, picture,
volume 2 page 23
MORE TO EXPLORE
Gambia volume 5 page 84
bank (financial business)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 24
MORE TO EXPLORE
automated teller machine in Shanghai,
China picture, volume 2 page 25
banking in Florence picture, volume 2
page 26
opening a savings account picture, volume
2 page 24
Switzerland volume 12 page 219
Banneker, Benjamin (U.S. scientist)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 26, picture,
volume 2 page 26
banning of books: see in index censorship
Bantu peoples
Angola volume 1 page 122
South Africa volume 12 page 138
baobab (tree) picture, volume 12 page 66
baptism (Christianity)
Mormons volume 8 page 182
barb (feather part)
feather volume 5 page 9
Barbados (island country in theWest
Indies)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 27
Barbaro (U.S. racehorse)
winning the 2006 Kentucky Derby
picture, volume 6 page 87
Barbary Coast (historical region in
North Africa)
pirate volume 10 page 89
barbel (fish anatomy)
carp volume 3 page 42
catfish volume 3 page 60, picture, volume
3 page 60
cod volume 3 page 147
Barber of Seville, The (opera by
Rossini) picture, volume 9 page 142
barbule (feather part)
feather volume 5 page 9, picture, volume
5 page 8
Barcelona (city in Spain)
church of the Holy Family picture, volume
12 page 154
barge (boat)
Mississippi River picture, volume 8
page 144, picture, volume 11 page 67
bar graph (diagram)
graph volume 5 page 140
bark (plant tissue)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 28, picture,
volume 2 page 28
MORE TO EXPLORE
redwood volume 11 page 38
barley (grain)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 28
MORE TO EXPLORE
kernels picture, volume 2 page 28
bar magnet (device)
magnetic field picture, volume 8 page 18
magnetic poles picture, volume 8
page 19
barnacle (crustacean)
crustacean volume 3 page 224
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA barnacle 27
Barnard, A. M. (American author): see in
index Alcott, Louisa May
Barnum, P. T. (U.S. showman)
circus volume 3 page 120
Barnum & Bailey Circus (U.S. circus)
advertisement picture, volume 3
page 120
barometer (measuring instrument)
weather volume 15 page 28
barometric pressure: see in index atmospheric
pressure
baroque (artistic style)
architecture volume 1 page 171
painting volume 10 page 10
sculpture volume 12 page 56
barracuda (fish)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 29, picture,
volume 2 page 29
barrier reef (geology)
Great Barrier Reef picture, volume 5
page 145
Bartholdi, Frederic-Auguste (French
sculptor)
Statue of Liberty volume 7 page 140
Barton, Clara (U.S. nurse and teacher)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 29, picture,
volume 2 page 30
MORE TO EXPLORE
nursing volume 9 page 112
Baru (volcano in Panama)
Panama volume 10 page 21
basalt (rock)
Devils Postpile picture, volume 11
page 75
base (baseball)
baseball volume 2 page 30
softball volume 12 page 122
base (chemical substance)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 1 page 17, picture,
volume 1 page 17
base (component of DNA)
DNA volume 4 page 61
baseball (ball)
baseball-throwing robot picture, volume
11 page 74
description volume 2 page 31
baseball (sport)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 30
MORE TO EXPLORE
2004World Series picture, volume 2
page 30
Babe Ruth picture, volume 11 page 109
Campanella, Doby, Newcombe, and
Robinson picture, volume 2 page 32
field picture, volume 2 page 31
baseball trading card picture, volume 13
page 88
base on balls (sports): see in index walk
base-ten number system (mathematics)
Hindu-Arabic numeral development
picture, volume 9 page 107
numbers and number systems volume 9
page 107
Roman numerals volume 11 page 86
base-two number system (mathematics)
numbers and number systems volume 9
page 107
Basho (Japanese poet)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 33, picture,
volume 2 page 33
Basie, Count (U.S. musician)
jazz volume 7 page 16
basilica (building)
Antigua Basilica of Guadalupe picture,
volume 8 page 114
architecture volume 1 page 169
Basilica di San Marco (church in Venice,
Italy)
Venice volume 14 page 65
basin (land drained by a river)
river volume 11 page 68
basket (sports equipment)
basketball volume 2 page 35
basketball (sport)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 33, picture,
volume 2 page 34, picture, volume 2
page 35
MORE TO EXPLORE
Johnson volume 7 page 30, picture, volume
7 page 30
basketball court picture, volume 2
page 34
basketball volume 2 page 33
basketry
Carib basket weaver picture, volume 3
page 40
Paiute basket weaver picture, volume 10
page 12
Pomo Indian basket picture, volume 10
page 120
Tohono Oodham Indian basket picture,
volume 13 page 75
Winnebago basket weaver picture, volume
15 page 50
basket weaving: see in index basketry
Basque (language): see in index Euskara
Basque (people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 36, picture,
volume 2 page 36
MORE TO EXPLORE
France volume 5 page 58
Spain volume 12 page 154
bass (fish)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 37
bass (musical instrument): see in index
double bass
bass drum (musical instrument)
percussion instruments picture, volume
8 page 215
Basse-Terre (island in Guadeloupe)
Guadeloupe volume 5 page 164
Basseterre (capital city of Saint Kitts and
Nevis)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 37
MORE TO EXPLORE
Saint Kitts and Nevis volume 12 page 12
bassoon (musical instrument)
wind instruments picture, volume 8
page 217
Bastille (historic prison in Paris, France)
Bastille Day volume 2 page 38
French Revolution volume 5 page 69
Bastille Day (French holiday)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 38, picture,
volume 2 page 38
Basutoland (former British colony in
Africa): see in index Lesotho
bat (mammal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 38, picture,
volume 2 page 38
MORE TO EXPLORE
ear picture, volume 4 page 87
hibernation volume 6 page 49
mammals volume 8 page 35
28 Barnard, A. M. BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
bat (sports equipment)
baseball volume 2 page 31
cricket volume 3 page 214
Batavia (capital city of Indonesia): see in
index Jakarta
batch (glassmaking)
glass volume 5 page 118
Bathurst (capital city of The Gambia): see
in index Banjul
bathyscaphe (diving vessel) picture, volume
4 page 174
exploration volume 4 page 174
Batista, Fulgencio (Cuban dictator)
Castro volume 3 page 55
Baton Rouge (state capital of Louisiana,
U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 39
MORE TO EXPLORE
Louisiana volume 7 page 180
batsman (cricket)
cricket volume 3 page 214, picture, volume
3 page 214
battery (electronics)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 39
MORE TO EXPLORE
automobile volume 1 page 236, picture,
volume 1 page 235
flashlight picture, volume 2 page 40
Battery, The (garden park in Charleston,
South Carolina, U.S.)
homes and landmarks picture, volume
12 page 148
battery-operated toy
toy volume 13 page 84
Battle of: see in index under the specific
part of the name, for example, Bull Run,
Battle of except as found below
Battle of Manassas (1861, United States
history): see in index Bull Run, Battle of
Battle of Monmouth Court House
(American Revolution, 1778): see in
index Monmouth, Battle of
Battle of the Ardennes (WorldWar II):
see in index Bulge, Battle of the
Bauhaus (German school of design)
decorative arts volume 4 page 25
bay leaf (herb)
herb volume 6 page 45
laurel volume 7 page 116
Bay of: see in index under the specific part
of the name, for example, Fundy, Bay of
except as found below
Bay of Pigs invasion (Cuban-U.S. history)
Cuba volume 3 page 228
Kennedy volume 7 page 54
bayou (inland waterway and swamp area)
Louisiana volume 7 page 180
Bay State (state in the U.S.): see in index
Massachusetts
bay-winged cowbird (bird)
cowbirds volume 3 page 209
BBC: see in index British Broadcasting
Corporation
BC (division of time for dating events):
see in index before Christ
B cell (blood cell)
immune system volume 6 page 119,
picture, volume 6 page 119
lymphatic system volume 7 page 191
beach (geology)
beach cleanup picture, volume 4
page 143
Hawaii picture, volume 11 page 22
palms picture, volume 10 page 20
Portugal picture, volume 7 page 153,
picture, volume 10 page 133
The Bahamas picture, volume 9 page 11
beaded lizard (reptile)
lizard volume 7 page 170
beagle (breed of dog)
hound breeds table, volume 4 page 62
beak (bird anatomy)
birds and feeding habits picture, volume
2 page 77
falcon volume 5 page 5
flamingo volume 5 page 31
beam bridge (transportation structure)
bridge volume 2 page 130, picture, volume
2 page 130
bean (legume)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 40, picture,
volume 2 page 41, picture, volume 2
page 41
MORE TO EXPLORE
growth of plant from seed picture, volume
10 page 96
legume volume 7 page 125
Bean Eaters, The (poetry by Gwendolyn
Brooks)
Brooks volume 2 page 136
bear (mammal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 41
MORE TO EXPLORE
brown bears picture, volume 2
page 42
hibernation volume 6 page 50
polar bear picture, volume 2 page 42
Bearhat Mountain (mountain in Glacier
National Park, Montana, U.S.) picture,
volume 8 page 174
beat (music)
music volume 8 page 212
Beatlemania (rock music culture)
the Beatles volume 2 page 43
Beatles, the (British rock group)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 42, picture,
volume 2 page 43
MORE TO EXPLORE
rock music volume 11 page 78
beaver (rodent)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 43
MORE TO EXPLORE
Eurasian beaver picture, volume 2
page 44
lodge picture, volume 2 page 44
beaver dam
beaver volume 2 page 43
beaver lodge picture, volume 2 page 44
beaver volume 2 page 44
Beaver State (state in the U.S.): see in
index Oregon
Bechuanaland (country in Africa): see in
index Botswana
Bechuanaland Protectorate (British protectorate
in Africa)
Botswana volume 2 page 117
Beckham, David (British soccer player)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 45, picture,
volume 2 page 45
Becknell,William (U.S. explorer)
Santa Fe Trail volume 12 page 33
Bede (Anglo-Saxon historian)
history of the English people picture,
volume 6 page 64
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Bede 29
Bedloes Island (island in New York,
U.S.): see in index Liberty Island
Bedouin (people)
Syria volume 12 page 223
bedrock (geology)
soil volume 12 page 125
bee (insect)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 45
MORE TO EXPLORE
cross-pollination picture, volume 10
page 117
honeybee picture, volume 2 page 46
insect volume 6 page 139
beechnut (botany)
nut volume 9 page 112
beef cattle (livestock): see in index cattle
Beehive State (state in the U.S.): see in
index Utah
bee hummingbird (bird)
bird volume 2 page 76
hummingbirds volume 6 page 98
beer (alcoholic beverage)
barley volume 2 page 29
beeswax
bee volume 2 page 45
beet (plant and edible root)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 46, picture,
volume 2 page 46
Beethoven, Ludwig van (German composer)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 47, picture,
volume 2 page 47
MORE TO EXPLORE
classical music volume 3 page 132
statue picture, volume 2 page 107
beetle (insect)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 48, picture,
volume 2 page 49
before Christ (division of time for dating
events)
common abbreviations table, volume 1
page 8
Begin, Menachem (prime minister of
Israel)
Sadat volume 12 page 6
Beihai Park (park in Beijing, China)
Beijing volume 2 page 50
Beijing (capital city of China)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 49
MORE TO EXPLORE
China volume 3 page 101
dragon sculpture picture, volume 1
page 128
Forbidden City picture, volume 3
page 104
Temple of Heaven picture, volume 2
page 50
Beirut (capital city of Lebanon)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 51, picture,
volume 2 page 51
MORE TO EXPLORE
Lebanon volume 7 page 120
Bekaa Valley (valley in Lebanon)
Lebanon volume 7 page 120
Belarus (country in Europe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 52, picture,
volume 2 page 52
MORE TO EXPLORE
Palm Sunday picture, volume 8 page 137
Belaya River (river in Russia)
Ural Mountains picture, volume 14
page 38
Belfast (capital city of Northern Ireland,
United Kingdom)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 53
MORE TO EXPLORE
Northern Ireland volume 9 page 89
Queens University picture, volume 2
page 53
Belfast Agreement (Ireland and the
United Kingdom, 1998)
Belfast volume 2 page 53
Belgian Congo (Belgian colony in Africa)
Belgium volume 2 page 55
Democratic Republic of the Congo volume
3 page 180
Belgium (country in Europe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 54, picture,
volume 2 page 54, picture, volume 2
page 55
MORE TO EXPLORE
history
Democratic Republic of the Congo
volume 3 page 180
Kinshasa volume 7 page 70
Belgrade (capital city of Serbia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 56, picture,
volume 2 page 56
MORE TO EXPLORE
Danube River picture, volume 12
page 72
Serbia volume 12 page 71
Yugoslavia volume 15 page 95
Belize (country in Central America)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 57, picture,
volume 2 page 57
Belize City (city in Belize)
Belmopan volume 2 page 59
bell (musical instrument)
church volume 3 page 117
Bell, Alexander Graham (U.S. inventor)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 58, picture,
volume 2 page 58
MORE TO EXPLORE
technology and invention volume 13
page 27
telecommunication volume 13
page 34
telephone volume 13 page 37
Bell, Cool Papa (U.S. baseball player)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 58, picture,
volume 2 page 59
belladonna (plant): see in index deadly
nightshade
Bellerophon (Greek mythology)
Pegasus volume 10 page 49
bell pepper (plant)
pepper volume 10 page 59
Bell Telephone Company (U.S. corporation)
Bell volume 2 page 58
bell tower (architectural feature)
church in Connecticut picture, volume 3
page 117
belly button (anatomy): see in index navel
belly dance
dance volume 4 page 12
Belmopan (capital city of Belize)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 59, picture,
volume 2 page 59
MORE TO EXPLORE
Belize volume 2 page 57
Bemba (African people)
Zambia volume 15 page 101
Bengal (region in Asia)
Bangladesh volume 2 page 22
30 Bedloes Island BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
Bengal tiger (animal)
tiger volume 13 page 65
Benin (country in Africa)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 60, picture,
volume 2 page 60
MORE TO EXPLORE
Cotonou picture, volume 3 page 205
Benton, Thomas Hart (U.S. author and
politician)
Fremont volume 5 page 65
Benz, Karl (German engineer)
technology and invention volume 13
page 27
Beograd (capital city of Serbia): see in
index Belgrade
Beothuk (Native American people)
Newfoundland and Labrador volume 9
page 46
Beowulf (Old English poem)
literature volume 7 page 161
Berber (North African people)
Algeria volume 1 page 78
Mauritania volume 8 page 79
Morocco volume 8 page 183
Bergen (city in Norway) picture, volume 9
page 98
Bering Sea (sea of the Pacific Ocean)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 61, picture,
volume 2 page 61
Bering Strait (strait in the Pacific Ocean)
Arctic Ocean volume 1 page 172
Berlin (capital city of Germany)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 61
MORE TO EXPLORE
ColdWar volume 3 page 150
Germany volume 5 page 105
Berlin airlift (ColdWar history, 1948-
49)
ColdWar volume 3 page 151
Berliner, Emil (U.S. inventor)
sound recording volume 12 page 136
BerlinWall (wall in Berlin, Germany)
picture, volume 3 page 151
Berlin volume 2 page 62
ColdWar volume 3 page 151
Germany volume 5 page 107
Bermuda (islands and British colony in
the Atlantic Ocean)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 62
Bermuda cedar (tree)
endangered species volume 4 page 134
Bern (capital city of Switzerland)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 63
MORE TO EXPLORE
Switzerland volume 12 page 218
Bernini, Gian Lorenzo (Italian artist)
sculpture volume 12 page 57
berry (fruit and plant reproductive body)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 64, picture,
volume 2 page 64
MORE TO EXPLORE
holly picture, volume 6 page 70
juniper volume 7 page 40, picture, volume
7 page 40
Berry, Chuck (U.S. musician and singer)
rock volume 11 page 78
Bessarabia (region in Europe): see in
index Moldova
Bessemer, Henry (English inventor)
technology and invention volume 13
page 27
Bethlehem (town in theWest Bank)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 64, picture,
volume 2 page 65
Bethune, Mary McLeod (U.S. educator)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 65, picture,
volume 2 page 65
Bethune-Cookman College (college in
Daytona Beach, Florida, U.S.)
Bethune volume 2 page 65
beverage
industrial packaging picture, volume 6
page 134
Beverly Hills (city in California, U.S.)
Los Angeles volume 7 page 178
Beverwyck (colonial settlement in New
York, U.S.): see in index Albany
bharata-natyam (Indian classical dance)
dance volume 4 page 13
Bhutan (country in Asia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 66
MORE TO EXPLORE
Buddhist monastery picture, volume 2
page 66
Bhutia (Asian people)
Bhutan volume 2 page 66
Bible (sacred text)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 67
MORE TO EXPLORE
Christianity volume 3 page 112
Greek Bible picture, volume 2 page 68
Gutenberg Bible picture, volume 5
page 172
handwritten Bible picture, volume 2
page 67
Jesus Christ volume 7 page 22
Moses volume 8 page 187
Protestantism volume 10 page 158
Roman Catholicism volume 11 page 82
biceps muscle (anatomy)
skeletal muscle picture, volume 8
page 208
bicuspid (tooth)
teeth volume 13 page 30
bicycle
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 68
MORE TO EXPLORE
machine volume 8 page 7
ordinary picture, volume 2 page 69
transportation volume 13 page 93
bicycle motocross race (sport)
cycling volume 3 page 235
big-band jazz (music)
jazz volume 7 page 16
big bang (cosmology)
universe volume 14 page 37
Big Ben (bell in London, England,
United Kingdom) picture, volume 3
page 140
London picture, volume 7 page 175
Bigfoot (legendary creature): see in index
Sasquatch
Bigheart, Peter (chief of Osage people)
picture, volume 9 page 152
bighorn sheep (mammal)
sheep volume 12 page 79
Big House ritual (Native American ceremony)
Delaware people volume 4 page 29
Big Island, the (island in Hawaii, U.S.):
see in index Hawaii
big-leaf magnolia (tree)
magnolia volume 8 page 20
big-leaf mahogany (tree)
mahogany volume 8 page 21
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA big-leaf mahogany 31
Big Muddy (river in the U.S.): see in
index Missouri River
Big Sur (region in California, U.S.)
coastline picture, volume 3 page 12
big-tooth aspen (tree)
aspen volume 1 page 210
big tree: see in index giant sequoia
bile (digestive fluid)
liver volume 7 page 167
bile duct (anatomy)
proximity to liver picture, volume 7
page 167
bilingualism
Hispanic Americans volume 6 page 63
bill (bird anatomy): see in index beak
bill (government)
United States government volume 14
page 34
bill of rights (government)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 70
Bill of Rights (U.S. Constitution): see in
index United States Bill of Rights
Biloxi (city in Mississippi, U.S.)
house and church picture, volume 8
page 142
binary number system (mathematics):
see in index base-two number system
Bindusara (Mauryan emperor)
Mauryan Empire volume 8 page 81
bin Laden, Osama (Saudi Arabian terrorist)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 71, picture,
volume 2 page 71
MORE TO EXPLORE
Bush volume 2 page 157
binoculars (magnifying device)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 72, picture,
volume 2 page 72
biodiversity (environmental science)
worldwide diversity picture, volume 7
page 167
Bioko (island and province in Equatorial
Guinea)
Equatorial Guinea volume 4 page 148
Malabo volume 8 page 24
biological sciences: see in index life sciences
biology (science)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 73
bioluminescence (chemical reaction)
firefly volume 5 page 27, picture, volume
5 page 26
tunicates picture, volume 7 page 148
biome (life science)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 73
biosphere
environment volume 4 page 144
biplane (aircraft)
airplane volume 1 page 53
birch (tree)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 75, picture,
volume 2 page 75
bird (animal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 76
MORE TO EXPLORE
albatross volume 1 page 68
animal volume 1 page 125
brain volume 2 page 122, picture, volume
2 page 122
communication and singing picture,
volume 3 page 167
different types of bills picture, volume 2
page 77
dinosaur volume 4 page 49
ear volume 4 page 88
egg volume 4 page 108
endangered species volume 4 page 134
California Condor chick picture, volume
15 page 108
feather volume 5 page 8
heart volume 6 page 32
kingfisher picture, volume 7 page 67
knee volume 7 page 74, picture, volume 7
page 73
leg volume 7 page 124
nest volume 9 page 36, picture, volume 9
page 37
nose volume 9 page 100
prehistoric life volume 10 page 146
seed volume 12 page 63
urinary system volume 14 page 41
vertebrate volume 14 page 72
bird, flightless
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 78
MORE TO EXPLORE
birds volume 2 page 77
bird-hipped dinosaur (dinosaur order):
see in index Ornithischia
bird of prey
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 80
MORE TO EXPLORE
hawk volume 6 page 28
Birger Jarl (Swedish ruler)
Stockholm volume 12 page 187
birth
endocrine system volume 4 page 135
reproductive system volume 11 page 49
birth control
womens rights volume 15 page 58
Bishkek (capital city of Kyrgyzstan)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 81, picture,
volume 2 page 81
MORE TO EXPLORE
Kyrgyzstan volume 7 page 94
bishop (Christianity)
cathedral volume 3 page 60
Bislama (language)
Vanuatu volume 14 page 58
Bismarck (state capital of North Dakota,
U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 81
MORE TO EXPLORE
North Dakota volume 9 page 87
Bismarck, Otto von (German chancellor
and prime minister) picture, volume 10
page 161
Prussia volume 10 page 161
bison (mammal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 82
MORE TO EXPLORE
American bison picture, volume 2
page 82, picture, volume 2 page 82
cave painting picture, volume 10 page 8
Bissau (capital city of Guinea-Bissau)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 83
MORE TO EXPLORE
Guinea-Bissau volume 5 page 170
bitter almond (tree and nut)
almond volume 1 page 87
Bitterroot Mountains (mountain range
in the U.S.) picture, volume 6 page 112
bituminous coal (mineral)
coal volume 3 page 144
bivalve (mollusk class)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 83, picture,
volume 2 page 83
32 Big Muddy BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
MORE TO EXPLORE
mollusk volume 8 page 157
mussel picture, volume 8 page 157
shell volume 12 page 80
black (color)
pigment picture, volume 3 page 156
black American (people): see in index
African American
black-and-gold howler (monkey)
primate picture, volume 10 page 149
black-backed jackal (mammal) picture,
volume 7 page 4
jackal volume 7 page 4
black bass (fish)
bass volume 2 page 37
black bear (mammal)
bear volume 2 page 41
Blackbeard (English pirate) picture, volume
10 page 89
blackberry (fruit)
raspberry volume 11 page 27
black-billed magpie (bird)
magpie volume 8 page 20
blackbird (bird)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 84, picture,
volume 2 page 84
blackboard (teaching tool)
African school picture, volume 4
page 107
writing picture, volume 15 page 78
black-browed albatross (seabird) picture,
volume 1 page 68
blackbuck (mammal)
antelopes picture, volume 1 page 139
Black Carib (people): see in index Garifuna
Black Death (pandemic)
epidemic volume 4 page 146
plague volume 10 page 91
Shakespeare volume 12 page 75
Blackfoot (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 85
MORE TO EXPLORE
Blackfoot traditional dress picture, volume
2 page 85
Sarcee volume 12 page 38
Black Forest (mountainous region in
Germany)
farm picture, volume 5 page 105
Germany volume 5 page 105
Black Hawk (Sauk and Fox leader)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 86, picture,
volume 2 page 86
MORE TO EXPLORE
Iowa volume 6 page 145
Sauk volume 12 page 46
Black HawkWar (U.S. history)
Black Hawk volume 2 page 86
Sauk volume 12 page 46
Black Hills (region in the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 86, picture,
volume 2 page 87
MORE TO EXPLORE
South Dakota volume 12 page 149, picture,
volume 12 page 150
Black HillsWar (U.S. history, 1876)
Black Hills volume 2 page 87
Custer volume 3 page 233
black hole (astronomy)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 87, picture,
volume 2 page 87
MORE TO EXPLORE
MilkyWay volume 8 page 129
star volume 12 page 180
Black Moses (Jamaican leader): see in
index Garvey, Marcus
black nationalism (U.S. history)
Garvey volume 5 page 90
black-necked cobra (snake) picture, volume
3 page 145
black panther (mammal)
leopard volume 7 page 133
black powder (explosive): see in index
gunpowder
Black Power (U.S. philosophical movement)
1968 Oympic Games picture, volume 1
page 44
African Americans volume 1 page 44
civil rights movement volume 3
page 131
black rhinoceros (mammal) picture, volume
11 page 59
rhinoceros volume 11 page 59
Black Sea (sea in Eurasia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 88
MORE TO EXPLORE
Crimean Peninsula picture, volume 14
page 6
Turkey picture, volume 2 page 89
black-spotted trout (fish)
trout volume 13 page 99
Black Stone of Mecca (Islam)
Mecca volume 8 page 91
Blackwell, Elizabeth (U.S. medical doctor)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 89, picture,
volume 2 page 89
black widow (spider)
spider volume 12 page 165
bladder (anatomy)
urinary system volume 14 page 40, picture,
volume 14 page 41
blade (plant leaf )
leaf volume 7 page 118
Blaine, David (U.S. magician)
magic volume 8 page 17
Blanc, Mont (mountain in Europe)
Alps volume 1 page 90
France volume 5 page 58
Blantyre (city in Malawi)
Lilongwe volume 7 page 150
Bled, Lake (lake in Slovenia) picture,
volume 2 page 13
Bleda (Hun leader)
Hun volume 6 page 99
blimp (aircraft)
airship volume 1 page 58
blindness (medical disorder)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 90
blind snake (reptile)
snake volume 12 page 112
blitzkrieg (military tactic)
WorldWar II volume 15 page 66
blizzard (weather)
storm volume 12 page 193
Bloemfontein (judicial capital city of
South Africa)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 91, picture,
volume 2 page 91
MORE TO EXPLORE
South Africa volume 12 page 137
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Bloemfontein 33
Blood (North American people)
Blackfoot volume 2 page 85
blood (biochemical compound)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 91
MORE TO EXPLORE
bone volume 2 page 106
cardiovascular system volume 3 page 38,
picture, volume 3 page 39
blood flow picture, volume 3 page 38
blood functions picture, volume 3
page 40
circulatory system volume 3 page 119
components picture, volume 2 page 92
kidney volume 7 page 63
liver volume 7 page 166
respiratory system volume 11 page 55
urinary system volume 14 page 40, picture,
volume 14 page 40
blood bank
blood donation picture, volume 2
page 92
blood cell (physiology)
blood volume 2 page 91
blood vessel (anatomy)
cardiovascular system volume 3 page 38
cholesterol picture, volume 3 page 111,
picture, volume 3 page 111
physiology picture, volume 7 page 190
tumor development picture, volume 3
page 30
Bloody Sunday (1905, Russian history)
Saint Petersburg volume 12 page 17
blowhole (cetacean anatomy)
nose volume 9 page 99
whale volume 15 page 38
blubber (animal anatomy)
whale volume 15 page 38
blue (color)
light picture, volume 3 page 155
pigment picture, volume 3 page 156
blueberry (plant and fruit)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 93, picture,
volume 2 page 93
bluebird (bird)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 93, picture,
volume 2 page 93
blue crab (crustacean)
Maryland volume 8 page 69
bluefin tuna (fish) picture, volume 13
page 107
tuna volume 13 page 106
bluegrass (music)
country music volume 3 page 208
bluegrass (plant)
grass volume 5 page 141
blue mockingbird (bird)
mockingbird volume 8 page 150
Blue Mosque (mosque in Istanbul, Turkey)
picture, volume 6 page 171, picture,
volume 8 page 188
Blue Mountains (mountains in New
SouthWales, Australia)
Three Sisters picture, volume 9 page 53
Blue Nile (river in Africa)
Nile River volume 9 page 72
blue peacock (bird)
peacock volume 10 page 46
blue period (Picasso)
Picasso volume 10 page 80
Blue Ridge Mountains (mountain range
in the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 94, picture,
volume 2 page 95
MORE TO EXPLORE
North Carolina volume 9 page 85
Shenandoah National Park picture, volume
14 page 94
Tennessee volume 13 page 43
Blue Ridge Parkway (scenic highway in
the U.S.)
Blue Ridge Mountains volume 2 page 94
blues, the (music)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 95
MORE TO EXPLORE
jazz volume 7 page 16
blue whale (mammal)
ocean volume 9 page 118
whale volume 15 page 38, picture, volume
15 page 37
Blume, Judy (U.S. author)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 96, picture,
volume 2 page 96
BMX bicycle (vehicle)
bicycle volume 2 page 69
BMX race (sport): see in index bicycle
motocross race
boa (snake)
snake volume 12 page 112
boa constrictor (snake)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 96, picture,
volume 2 page 96
MORE TO EXPLORE
various snakes picture, volume 12
page 113
boar (mammal)
African wild pig picture, volume 10
page 83
pig volume 10 page 83
boat (small watercraft)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 97, picture,
volume 2 page 97
MORE TO EXPLORE
Bangladesh fishing boat picture, volume
2 page 22
barge picture, volume 11 page 67
feluccas on the Nile picture, volume 9
page 72
Ghana fishing boat picture, volume 5
page 111
gondolas picture, volume 3 page 28, picture,
volume 14 page 65
harbor at Moroni picture, volume 8
page 185
mule-powered boat picture, volume 4
page 150
rowboat picture, volume 8 page 96
types picture, volume 2 page 98
boating: see in index boat
bob (pendulum part) picture, volume 10
page 52
pendulum volume 10 page 51
bobbin (weaving)
lace making picture, volume 7 page 100
bobbin lace (decorative fabric) picture,
volume 7 page 100
lace volume 7 page 99
bobcat (mammal)
lynx volume 7 page 191
Bodh Gaya (village in India)
Buddhist temple picture, volume 8
page 81
pilgrimage volume 10 page 85
body (human anatomy): see in index
human body
body (vehicle)
automobile volume 1 page 235
body temperature (physiology)
reptile volume 11 page 51
34 Blood BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
Boer (Dutch-South African people)
Pretoria volume 10 page 147
South Africa volume 12 page 138
BoerWar (British-South African history,
1899-1902)
South Africa volume 12 page 139
bog (wetland)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 99, picture,
volume 2 page 99
MORE TO EXPLORE
cranberry volume 3 page 210
Scotland volume 12 page 52
wetland volume 15 page 36
Bogong, Mount (mountain in Victoria,
Australia)
Victoria volume 14 page 78
Bogota (capital city of Colombia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 99, picture,
volume 2 page 100
MORE TO EXPLORE
Colombia volume 3 page 152
Bohemia (historic region in Europe)
Czechoslovakia volume 3 page 238
Czech Republic volume 3 page 240,
volume 10 page 142
boiling (phase change)
water volume 15 page 23
Boise (state capital of Idaho, U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 100, picture,
volume 2 page 100
MORE TO EXPLORE
Idaho volume 6 page 111
Bojaxhiu, Agnes Gonxha (Roman
Catholic nun): see in index Teresa,
Mother
Boleyn, Anne (queen of England): see in
index Anne Boleyn
Bolivar, Simon (Latin American leader)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 101, picture,
volume 2 page 101
MORE TO EXPLORE
Bolivia volume 2 page 103
Caracas volume 3 page 36
South America volume 12 page 144,
picture, volume 12 page 144
Venezuela volume 14 page 64
Bolivia (country in South America)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 102
MORE TO EXPLORE
Bolivar volume 2 page 101
geography
La Paz picture, volume 7 page 108
Sucre picture, volume 12 page 198
llama picture, volume 2 page 103
boll (botany)
cotton volume 3 page 206
Bollywood (film industry in India)
Mumbai volume 8 page 204
Bolshevik (Russian political party)
Lenin volume 7 page 130
Nicholas II volume 9 page 65
Russia and Soviet Union volume 11
page 107, volume 14 page 13
Russian Revolution volume 11 page 108
Stalin volume 12 page 176
Bolshoi Ballet (Russian ballet company)
ballet volume 2 page 15
bomb (weapon)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 104, picture,
volume 2 page 104, picture, volume 2
page 105
MORE TO EXPLORE
air force volume 1 page 52
army volume 1 page 190
military training picture, volume 3
page 165
terrorism volume 13 page 49
weapon volume 15 page 26
Bombay (city in India): see in index
Mumbai
bombing (military technique)
WorldWar II picture, volume 15
page 66
Bonaparte, Napoleon (emperor of
France): see in index Napoleon I
bond (finance)
stock exchange volume 12 page 185
bonding (chemistry)
molecule volume 8 page 156
bond paper (grade of paper)
paper volume 10 page 28
bone (anatomy)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 105
MORE TO EXPLORE
arm picture, volume 2 page 106
fractures picture, volume 2 page 106
hand volume 6 page 12
bone marrow (anatomy)
bone volume 2 page 106
lymphatic system volume 7 page 191,
picture, volume 7 page 189
Bonhomme Richard (U.S. naval ship)
Jones volume 7 page 32, picture, volume
7 page 32
Bonn (city in Germany)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 107, picture,
volume 2 page 107
bonobo (primate)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 107, picture,
volume 2 page 108
MORE TO EXPLORE
apes volume 1 page 146, picture, volume
1 page 147
primate picture, volume 10 page 149
book (publishing)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 108, picture,
volume 2 page 108
MORE TO EXPLORE
Canterbury Tales illustration picture,
volume 7 page 161
censorship volume 3 page 69
history by Bede picture, volume 6
page 64
bookmaking (publishing)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 108
MORE TO EXPLORE
offset printing picture, volume 2
page 109
restoration picture, volume 2 page 109
Book of: see in index under the specific
part of the name, for example, Revelation,
Book of
boomerang (weapon and toy)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 110, picture,
volume 2 page 110
Boone, Daniel (U.S. frontiersman)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 111, picture,
volume 2 page 111
MORE TO EXPLORE
Cumberland Gap volume 3 page 231
Kentucky volume 7 page 57
Boonesborough (settlement in Kentucky,
U.S.)
Boone volume 2 page 111
booted eagle (bird)
eagles volume 4 page 86
Booth, JohnWilkes (U.S. actor and
assassin)
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Booth, John Wilkes 35
assassination of Lincoln volume 7
page 156
Bora-Bora (island of the Society Islands,
French Polynesia) picture, volume 5
page 68
Borah Peak (mountain in Idaho, U.S.)
Idaho volume 6 page 111
Borghese Gallery (museum in Rome,
Italy)
Rome volume 11 page 87
Borlaug, Norman (U.S. scientist)
Borlaug giving talk picture, volume 5
page 159
Borneo (island in the Pacific Ocean)
Brunei volume 2 page 137
Bornu (historical province and empire in
western Africa)
Kanem-Bornu Empire volume 7 page 46
borough (government district)
New York City volume 9 page 60
borrowing (finance): see in index loan
Bosnia and Herzegovina (country in
Europe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 112
MORE TO EXPLORE
Mostar picture, volume 2 page 113
Serbia volume 12 page 72
Yugoslavia volume 15 page 95
Bosniac (European people)
Bosnia and Herzegovina volume 2
page 112
Bosporus (strait in Turkey)
Dardanelles volume 4 page 16
Mediterranean Sea volume 8 page 94
Boston (state capital of Massachusetts,
U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 114
MORE TO EXPLORE
history
American Revolution volume 1
page 99
Attucks volume 1 page 226
handbill warning of Fugitive Slave Act
picture, volume 5 page 73
Massachusetts volume 8 page 71
Quincy Market picture, volume 2
page 114
Boston Braves (baseball team): see in
index Atlanta Braves
Boston Marathon (sports event)
wheelchair participant picture, volume 8
page 53
Boston Massacre (U.S. history, 1770)
Adams volume 1 page 23
American Revolution volume 1 page 99
Attucks volume 1 page 225
Boston volume 2 page 114
Boston Police Strike (U.S. history, 1919)
Coolidge volume 3 page 194
Boston Red Sox (U.S. baseball team)
2004World Series picture, volume 2
page 30
Ruth volume 11 page 109
Boston Tea Party (U.S. history, 1773)
picture, volume 13 page 22
American Revolution volume 1 page 99
Boston volume 2 page 114
Massachusetts volume 8 page 73
Revere volume 11 page 57
botanical garden (study and exhibition
garden)
garden volume 5 page 87
potato plants picture, volume 2 page 115
botany (study of plants)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 115, picture,
volume 2 page 115
Botswana (country in Africa)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 116
MORE TO EXPLORE
diamonds picture, volume 5 page 79
geography
Kalahari: see in index Kalahari
Okavango River delta picture, volume
2 page 117
lions in Chobe National Park picture,
volume 2 page 116
bottlenose dolphin (mammal)
dolphin volume 4 page 64
boulder (rock)
erosion picture, volume 4 page 152
orange lichen picture, volume 7 page 146
Boulder Dam (dam in the U.S.): see in
index Hoover Dam
Boulevard (in roadway names)
common abbreviations table, volume 1
page 8
Boundary Peak (mountain in Nevada,
U.S.)
Nevada volume 9 page 40
BoundaryWaters Canoe AreaWilderness
(conservation area in Minnesota,
U.S.)
campsite picture, volume 8 page 136
bourgeoisie (social class)
French Revolution volume 5 page 69
bout (boxing)
boxing volume 2 page 118
Bouteflika, Abdelaziz (president of Algeria)
Algeria volume 1 page 79
bow (watercraft part)
boat volume 2 page 97, picture, volume 2
page 97
ship volume 12 page 81
bow (stringed instrument part)
musical instruments picture, volume 8
page 216
bow and arrow
archery volume 1 page 165, picture, volume
1 page 165
Sioux picture, volume 12 page 92
war picture, volume 15 page 9
bowhead right whale (mammal)
whale species picture, volume 15 page 37
bowl (tableware)
Celtic artwork picture, volume 3 page 68
bowler (cricket)
cricket volume 3 page 214, picture, volume
3 page 214
Boxer Rebellion (Chinese history, 1900)
China volume 3 page 104
boxing (sport)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 118, picture,
volume 2 page 118
MORE TO EXPLORE
Ali and Terrell picture, volume 1 page 82
measurements of Liston and Ali table,
volume 12 page 183
box turtle (reptile)
images
eastern box turtle picture, volume 11
page 53
front limb picture, volume 1 page 182
boycott
Montgomery bus boycott picture, volume
8 page 177
Boyle, Robert (British scientist)
chemistry volume 3 page 87
36 Bora-Bora BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
Boy Scouts of America (youth organization)
scouting volume 12 page 54
Cub Scout gathering newspapers for
recycling picture, volume 12 page 53
Brachiosaurus (dinosaur)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 119, picture,
volume 2 page 119
MORE TO EXPLORE
dinosaur picture, volume 4 page 53
bracken (fern)
fern volume 5 page 12
bracket fungus (organism) picture, volume
5 page 75
Braddock, Edward (British commander)
Fort Duquense retreat, 1755 picture,
volume 5 page 66
Bradstreet, Anne (colonial American
poet)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 120, picture,
volume 2 page 120
Brahma (Hindu god)
Hinduism volume 6 page 56
sculpture figure picture, volume 14
page 60
Brahman (breed of cattle)
cattle volume 3 page 62
Brahman (Hindu concept)
Hinduism volume 6 page 56
Brahmana (Hindu literature)
Veda volume 14 page 60
Brahmi (writing system)
alphabet volume 1 page 89
Brahms, Johannes (German composer)
classical music volume 3 page 132
Braille (writing system)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 121, picture,
volume 2 page 121
MORE TO EXPLORE
blindness volume 2 page 91
Braille, Louis (French educator)
Braille volume 2 page 121
brain (anatomy)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 121
MORE TO EXPLORE
death volume 4 page 22
mammals volume 8 page 36
human skull comparison picture, volume
6 page 95
primate volume 10 page 148
medical disorders
Alzheimers disease volume 1 page 91
cerebral palsy volume 3 page 77
encephalitis volume 4 page 132, picture,
volume 4 page 133
epilepsy volume 4 page 146
meningitis volume 8 page 99
Parkinsons disease volume 10 page 35
nervous system volume 9 page 34, picture,
volume 9 page 35, picture, volume
9 page 36
vertebrate brains picture, volume 2
page 122
brain death (physiology)
death volume 4 page 22
brain stem (anatomy)
brain volume 2 page 122, picture, volume
2 page 122
brake (machine component)
automobile picture, volume 1 page 235
bicycle volume 2 page 69
motorcycle volume 8 page 192
bran (grain seed part)
grain volume 5 page 134
Brandenburg Concertos (compositions
by Bach)
Bach volume 2 page 4
Brandenburg Gate (gate in Berlin, Germany)
picture, volume 2 page 62
Brandywine, Battle of the (U.S. history)
Pulaski volume 10 page 166
Brant, Joseph (Mohawk chief ) picture,
volume 8 page 152
Iroquois volume 6 page 160
Braque, Georges (French artist)
Picasso volume 10 page 80
Brasilia (capital city of Brazil)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 123, picture,
volume 2 page 123
MORE TO EXPLORE
Brazil volume 2 page 125
brass (metal alloy)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 123, picture,
volume 2 page 124
MORE TO EXPLORE
alloy volume 1 page 87
brass instrument (music) picture, volume
8 page 217
brass volume 2 page 123
modern orchestra seating arrangement
picture, volume 9 page 145
musical instruments volume 8
page 216
orchestra volume 9 page 145
Bratislava (capital city of Slovakia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 124, picture,
volume 2 page 124
MORE TO EXPLORE
Slovakia volume 12 page 109
Brazil (country in South America)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 125
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
Amazon River volume 1 page 91
Pantanal picture, volume 2 page 126
history
abolitionist movement volume 1
page 11
Dias volume 4 page 45
timeline volume 2 page 125
people and culture
Carnival in Rio de Janeiro picture,
volume 2 page 127
tree replanting picture, volume 3
page 187
womens soccer team picture, volume 9
page 13
Brazzaville (capital city of the Republic
of the Congo)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 128, picture,
volume 2 page 128
MORE TO EXPLORE
Republic of the Congo volume 3
page 181
bread (food)
fermentation volume 5 page 11
break-dance (dance)
hip-hop volume 6 page 59
Breakers, The (mansion in Newport,
Rhode Island) picture, volume 11
page 61
breaststroke (swimming)
swimming volume 12 page 215
breathing (physiology) picture, volume 11
page 56
breed (biology)
dog volume 4 page 63, picture, volume 4
page 61, table, volume 4 page 62
poultry volume 10 page 140
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA breed 37
Brenner Pass (mountain pass in Europe)
Austria volume 1 page 233
brick (building material)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 128, picture,
volume 2 page 129
MORE TO EXPLORE
adobe volume 1 page 29
architecture volume 1 page 168
ivy picture, volume 6 page 175
Brickyard, the (racetrack in Indianapolis,
Indiana, U.S.): see in index Indianapolis
Motor Speedway
bridge (transportation structure)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 130, picture,
volume 2 page 130
MORE TO EXPLORE
Hartland picture, volume 9 page 43
Prague picture, volume 10 page 142
Bridge to Terabithia (work by Paterson)
literature for children volume 7
page 164
Bridgetown (capital city of Barbados)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 131
MORE TO EXPLORE
Barbados volume 2 page 27
Brisbane (capital city of Queensland,
Australia)
Queensland volume 11 page 10
bristlecone pine (tree)
conifer volume 3 page 183
Britain (ancient and early medieval
region)
Arthurian legend volume 1 page 193
HadriansWall picture, volume 4
page 131
Britain, Battle of (European history)
WorldWar II volume 15 page 67
British Broadcasting Corporation
telecommunication volume 13 page 34
British Columbia (province in Canada)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 132
MORE TO EXPLORE
Coast Mountains picture, volume 2
page 133
British East India Company (British
trading company): see in index East
India Company
British Empire (history of the United
Kingdom) map, volume 4 page 131
Africa
Botswana volume 2 page 117
Gambia, The volume 5 page 84
Banjul volume 2 page 23
Ghana volume 5 page 111
Kenya volume 7 page 59
Nairobi volume 9 page 5
Lesotho volume 7 page 134
Malabo volume 8 page 24
Malawi volume 8 page 26
Nigeria volume 9 page 69
Sierra Leone volume 12 page 85
Freetown volume 5 page 65
Somalia volume 12 page 131
South Africa volume 12 page 138
Sudan volume 12 page 200
Swaziland volume 8 page 85, volume
12 page 211
Tanzania volume 13 page 16
Zambia
Lusaka volume 7 page 185
Zimbabwe
Harare volume 6 page 16
Asia
Bangladesh volume 2 page 22
Brunei volume 2 page 137
China
Hong Kong volume 6 page 78, picture,
volume 4 page 132
India volume 6 page 124
Delhi volume 4 page 32
Mughal Empire volume 8 page 202
Mumbai volume 8 page 204
Nehru volume 9 page 30
Malaysia volume 8 page 28
Myanmar volume 8 page 221
Yangon volume 15 page 86
Pakistan volume 10 page 14
Sri Lanka volume 12 page 175
Colombo volume 3 page 154
empire volume 4 page 132
Guyana volume 5 page 173
Georgetown volume 5 page 100
Indian Ocean
Maldives volume 8 page 30
Mauritius volume 8 page 80
Seychelles volume 12 page 74, volume
14 page 79
Mediterranean
Cyprus volume 3 page 237
Gibraltar volume 5 page 114
Greece
Acropolis volume 1 page 20
Malta volume 8 page 34, volume 14
page 52
Middle East volume 8 page 125
Arabian Peninsula volume 1 page 157
Bahrain volume 2 page 9
Egypt volume 4 page 111
Iraq volume 6 page 153
Israel volume 6 page 169
Kuwait volume 7 page 91
Palestine volume 10 page 19
United Arab Emirates volume 14
page 15
North America
Bermuda volume 2 page 62
Canada
Canada Day volume 3 page 27
Newfoundland volume 9 page 46
North America volume 9 page 83
Pacific
Australia volume 1 page 231
South Australia volume 12 page 146
Sydney volume 12 page 221, picture,
volume 3 page 155
Tasmania volume 13 page 20
Victoria volume 14 page 78
Western Australia volume 15 page 31
Fiji volume 5 page 19
Kiribati volume 7 page 71
New Zealand volume 9 page 62
Wellington volume 15 page 29
Solomon Islands volume 12 page 129
Tonga volume 13 page 79
Tuvalu volume 13 page 121
Vanuatu volume 14 page 58
United Kingdom volume 14 page 21
West Indies and Central America volume
3 page 76
Antigua and Barbuda volume 1
page 143
Bahamas volume 2 page 8
Nassau volume 9 page 12
Barbados volume 2 page 27, volume 2
page 131
Belize volume 2 page 57
Dominica volume 4 page 65
Jamaica volume 7 page 10
Kingston volume 7 page 69
Saint Kitts and Nevis volume 12
page 12
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
volume 12 page 18
Trinidad and Tobago volume 13
page 97
British Leeward Islands (historical British
colony in theWest Indies)
38 Brenner Pass BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
Antigua and Barbuda volume 1
page 143
British Museum (museum in London,
England)
museum volume 8 page 211
British Somaliland (historical region in
Somalia)
Somalia volume 12 page 131
Briton (people)
Wales volume 15 page 5
broadcasting (telecommunications)
television transmission picture, volume
13 page 40
broad jump (athletics): see in index long
jump
broad-leaved tree
tree volume 13 page 94
broccoli (vegetable)
cabbage volume 3 page 4
bronchiole (anatomy)
lung volume 7 page 184, picture, volume
7 page 184
bronchus (anatomy)
lung volume 7 page 184, picture, volume
7 page 184
respiratory system volume 11 page 55
Brontosaurus (herbivorous dinosaur): see
in index Apatosaurus
Bronx (borough in New York City, New
York, U.S.)
New York City volume 9 page 60
bronze (alloy)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 134, picture,
volume 2 page 135
MORE TO EXPLORE
alloy volume 1 page 87
metal volume 8 page 106
sculpture picture, volume 2 page 134
Bronze Age (prehistoric period)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 134
MORE TO EXPLORE
Stone Age volume 12 page 189
technology and invention volume 13
page 25
Brooklyn (borough in New York City,
New York, U.S.)
New York City volume 9 page 60
Brooklyn Dodgers (U.S. baseball team):
see in index Dodgers
Brooks, Gwendolyn (U.S. poet and educator)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 135, picture,
volume 2 page 135
Broughton, Jack (British boxer)
boxing volume 2 page 119
Brown, John (U.S. abolitionist)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 136, picture,
volume 2 page 136
MORE TO EXPLORE
capture at Harpers Ferry picture, volume
6 page 19
Harpers Ferry volume 6 page 19
Kansas-Nebraska Act volume 7 page 49
Lee volume 7 page 122
brown bear (mammal) picture, volume 2
page 42
bear volume 2 page 41
Brown County State Park (park in
Nashville, Indiana, U.S.) picture, volume
6 page 127
brown-headed cowbird (bird) picture,
volume 3 page 209
cowbirds volume 3 page 209
brown hyena (mammal)
hyena volume 6 page 104
brown mustard (plant and condiment)
mustard volume 8 page 219
brown pelican (bird) picture, volume 10
page 51
bill structure and eating habits picture,
volume 2 page 77
pelican volume 10 page 51
brown recluse (spider)
spider volume 12 page 165
brown rice (cereal)
rice volume 11 page 63
brown trout (fish)
trout volume 13 page 99
Brown versus Board of Education of
Topeka (law case)
civil rights movement volume 3
page 129
Marshall volume 8 page 61
National Association for the Advancement
of Colored People volume 9
page 14
Brugge (city in Belgium) picture, volume
2 page 55
Brule, Etienne (Canadian explorer)
Ontario volume 9 page 140
Brunei (country in Southeast Asia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 137
MORE TO EXPLORE
mosque picture, volume 2 page 20
Brussels (capital city of Belgium)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 138, picture,
volume 2 page 138
MORE TO EXPLORE
Belgium volume 2 page 54
brussels sprouts (vegetable)
cabbage volume 3 page 4
Brutus, Marcus Junius (Roman politician)
Caesar volume 3 page 8
Bryan, John Neely (U.S. lawyer and pioneer)
Dallas volume 4 page 8
Bryan,William Jennings (U.S. politician)
Lincoln volume 7 page 154
Bryce Canyon National Park (national
park in Utah, U.S.)
land formations picture, volume 14
page 45
bubo (medical disorder)
plague volume 10 page 92
bubonic plague (disease)
plague volume 10 page 92
Buchanan, James (president of the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 138, picture,
volume 2 page 139
MORE TO EXPLORE
timeline volume 2 page 138
Bucharest (capital city of Romania)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 140, picture,
volume 2 page 140
MORE TO EXPLORE
Romania volume 11 page 84
Buckeye State (state in the U.S.): see in
index Ohio
Buckingham Palace (palace in London,
United Kingdom) picture, volume 14
page 18
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Buckingham Palace 39
Budapest (capital city of Hungary)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 141, picture,
volume 2 page 141
MORE TO EXPLORE
folk musicians picture, volume 5 page 41
Hungary volume 6 page 100
Parliament building picture, volume 6
page 100
Buddha (founder of Buddhism)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 142, picture,
volume 2 page 142
MORE TO EXPLORE
Buddhas enlightenment picture, volume
2 page 144
Buddhism volume 2 page 143
statue and sculptures picture, volume 13
page 9
Buddhism (religion)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 143
MORE TO EXPLORE
art and architecture
monastery
Bhutan picture, volume 2 page 66
temple volume 13 page 42
Bangkok picture, volume 13 page 42
Bodh Gaya picture, volume 8
page 81
Kiyomizu Temple picture, volume 1
page 203
Myanmar picture, volume 8 page 221
That Luang temple picture, volume
14 page 83
beliefs and practices
Buddha volume 2 page 142
martial arts volume 8 page 64
monk volume 8 page 166, picture,
volume 2 page 143, picture, volume 2
page 144
pilgrimage volume 10 page 85
saint volume 12 page 9
history
Mauryan Empire volume 8 page 81
VietnamWar volume 14 page 87
major world religions table, volume 11
page 43
Shinto volume 12 page 81
budding (reproduction)
coral volume 3 page 197
hydra volume 6 page 104, picture, volume
6 page 104
reproductive system volume 11 page 47
Buena Vista, Battle of (MexicanWar,
1847)
Davis volume 4 page 18
Taylor volume 13 page 23, picture, volume
8 page 109
Buenos Aires (capital city of Argentina)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 145
MORE TO EXPLORE
Argentina volume 1 page 175
Plaza de la Republica picture, volume 2
page 145
buffalo (Asian and African mammal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 146, picture,
volume 2 page 146
buffalo, American (mammal): see in
index American bison
Buffalo Bill (U.S. showman)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 148, picture,
volume 3 page 148
MORE TO EXPLORE
Pony Express volume 10 page 125
Buffalo BillsWildWest and Congress
of Rough Riders of theWorld (popular
entertainment): see in indexWild
West show
bug (animal): see in index centipede;
insect; spider; tick
bugaku (Japanese dance)
dance volume 4 page 13
Buganda (East African kingdom)
Uganda volume 14 page 5
building (structure)
architecture volume 1 page 167
building construction
working with concrete picture, volume 3
page 68, picture, volume 3 page 176
Bujumbura (capital city of Burundi)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 147
MORE TO EXPLORE
Burundi volume 2 page 153
traditional dance picture, volume 2
page 147
bulb (plant part)
garlic picture, volume 5 page 90
Bulgar (people)
Bulgaria volume 2 page 149
Bulgaria (country in Europe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 148
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
Alexander Nevsky Cathedral picture,
volume 12 page 122
Balkan Mountains picture, volume 2
page 149
boulevard in Varna picture, volume 2
page 148
WorldWar I volume 15 page 63
Bulgarians (people): see in index Bulgar
Bulge, Battle of the (WorldWar II)
WorldWar II volume 15 page 69
bulimia (eating disorder)
mental illness volume 8 page 101
bulkhead (watercraft part)
boat volume 2 page 97
bull (cattle)
cattle volume 3 page 61
bulldog (breed of dog) picture, volume 4
page 55
non-sporting dogs table, volume 4
page 62
bulletproof vest (armor)
armor volume 1 page 187
bullfrog (amphibian) picture, volume 5
page 71
Bull Run, Battle of (U.S. history, 1861)
American CivilWar volume 1 page 96
bull terrier (breed of dog)
terrier breeds table, volume 4 page 62
bumblebee (insect)
bee volume 2 page 45
Bunche, Ralph (U.S. diplomat)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 150
bunker (golf )
golf volume 5 page 125
Bunker Hill, Battle of (American Revolution,
1775)
American Revolution volume 1
page 100
Bunraku (Japanese puppet theater) picture,
volume 13 page 59
drama volume 4 page 74
theater volume 13 page 59
Bunyan, Paul (legendary lumberjack)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 150, picture,
volume 2 page 150
buoy (flotation device)
lighthouse volume 7 page 150
burakumin (Japanese social class)
Japan volume 7 page 13
40 Budapest BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
Burchells zebra (mammal)
zebras volume 15 page 102
burial (death rite)
death volume 4 page 22
burial mound (anthropology)
Adena culture picture, volume 1 page 29
mound builders volume 8 page 194
Burkina Faso (country in Africa)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 151, picture,
volume 2 page 151
Burma (country in Asia): see in index
Myanmar
Burman (people)
Myanmar volume 8 page 221
burn (injury)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 152
Burr, Aaron (vice president of the U.S.)
Hamilton volume 6 page 11
Jefferson volume 7 page 18
burrow (zoology)
rabbit picture, volume 11 page 14
Burundi (country in Africa)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 153
MORE TO EXPLORE
drummers picture, volume 2 page 153
traditional dance picture, volume 2
page 147
bush (region in Australia): see in index
Outback
Bush, Barbara (first lady of the U.S.)
Bush, George volume 2 page 154
Bush, George (president of the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 154, picture,
volume 2 page 154
MORE TO EXPLORE
Bush, GeorgeW. volume 2 page 155
timeline volume 2 page 154
Bush, GeorgeW. (president of the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 155, picture,
volume 2 page 156
MORE TO EXPLORE
Bush, George volume 2 page 155
electoral college volume 4 page 120
Alabama certificate of vote picture,
volume 4 page 119
Powell volume 10 page 141
timeline volume 2 page 155
Bush, Jeb (U.S. politician)
Bush, George volume 2 page 155
Bush, LauraWelch (first lady of the
U.S.)
Bush, GeorgeW. volume 2 page 156
Bushido (Japanese code of ethics)
samurai volume 12 page 25
Bushmen (people): see in index San
Bushnell, David (U.S. inventor)
submarine volume 12 page 197, picture,
volume 12 page 197
bush pig (mammal) picture, volume 10
page 83
business (economics)
manufacturing volume 8 page 46
retail competition picture, volume 3
page 34
spy volume 12 page 169
Butcher, Susan (U.S. sled-dog racer)
Iditarod volume 6 page 113
butterfly (insect)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 157
MORE TO EXPLORE
mimicry volume 8 page 130
monarch butterfly picture, volume 2
page 158
butterfly stroke (swimming)
swimming volume 12 page 215
Buyid dynasty (Islamic history)
Caliphate volume 3 page 15
buzzard (bird)
common buzzard picture, volume 2
page 80
By, John (British engineer)
Ottawa volume 9 page 155
Byrd, Richard E. (U.S. explorer)
polar exploration volume 10 page 111
Bytown (settlement in Ontario, Canada):
see in index Ottawa
Byzantine Empire (historic empire in
Eurasia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 2 page 159, picture,
volume 2 page 159
MORE TO EXPLORE
architecture volume 1 page 169
history
ancient Rome volume 11 page 91
Crusades volume 3 page 223
Eastern Orthodox Churches volume 4
page 94
Egypt volume 4 page 115
Greece volume 5 page 152
Ottoman Empire volume 9 page 156
tsar volume 13 page 103
Turkey volume 13 page 112
Byzantium (historic city in Turkey): see in
index Istanbul
C (temperature scale): see in index Celsius
cabbage (plant)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 4
cabinet (government department heads)
Parliament volume 10 page 37
United States government volume 14
page 35
major executive departments table,
volume 14 page 35
cable car (transportation)
Queenstown picture, volume 9 page 62
cable-stayed bridge (transportation structure)
bridge volume 2 page 130, picture, volume
2 page 130
cable television (broadcasting)
transmission picture, volume 13 page 40
Cabot, John (Italian explorer)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 4
MORE TO EXPLORE
discovery, exploration, and settlement of
the Americas volume 1 page 103
Canada volume 3 page 25, picture,
volume 3 page 5
Newfoundland and Labrador volume 9
page 46, picture, volume 1 page 103
Nova Scotia volume 9 page 102
Prince Edward Island volume 10
page 151
Cabot Strait (strait in Canada)
Saint Lawrence River and Seaway volume
12 page 13
Cabral, Pedro Alvares (Portuguese
explorer and navigator)
Brazil volume 2 page 127
Dias volume 4 page 45
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Cabral, Pedro Alvares 41
Cabrillo, Juan Rodriguez (Portuguese
explorer)
California volume 3 page 13
cacao (tree)
chocolate volume 3 page 108
cactus (plant)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 5, picture,
volume 3 page 5, picture, volume 3
page 6
MORE TO EXPLORE
Tonto National Forest in Arizona picture,
volume 10 page 75
Caddo (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 6, picture,
volume 3 page 7
caecilian (amphibian order) picture, volume
1 page 110
amphibian volume 1 page 110
Caerdydd (city inWales, United Kingdom):
see in index Cardiff
Caesar, Julius (Roman ruler)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 7
MORE TO EXPLORE
ancient Rome volume 11 page 90
Augustus volume 1 page 227
calendar volume 3 page 10
Cleopatra volume 3 page 134
dictatorship volume 4 page 46
English Channel volume 4 page 142
marble bust picture, volume 3 page 7
Caesar Augustus (Roman emperor): see
in index Augustus
Cahokia Mounds (archaeological site in
Illinois, U.S.)
mound builders volume 8 page 194
Cairo (capital city of Egypt)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 8, picture,
volume 3 page 9
MORE TO EXPLORE
Egypt volume 4 page 109
Muslims in prayer picture, volume 4
page 110
street market picture, volume 1 page 159
Cajun (United States ethnic group)
Louisiana volume 7 page 180
Calatrava, Santiago (Spanish architect)
Milwaukee Art Museum picture, volume
15 page 53
calcium (chemical element)
endocrine system volume 4 page 135
food and nutrition volume 5 page 44
calcium carbonate (chemical compound)
exoskeleton volume 4 page 173
shell volume 12 page 79
Calcutta (city in India)
children celebrate Holi festival picture,
volume 6 page 57
Caldecott Medal (literary award)
literature for children volume 7
page 163, picture, volume 7 page 162,
picture, volume 7 page 162
caldera (landform)
volcano volume 14 page 101, picture,
volume 14 page 101
calendar
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 9
MORE TO EXPLORE
Jewish calendar picture, volume 3
page 10
Maya volume 8 page 82
time volume 13 page 69
Calgary (city in Alberta, Canada) picture,
volume 1 page 70
calico (animal coloration)
cat volume 3 page 56
California (state in the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 11
MORE TO EXPLORE
apricot volume 1 page 154
geography
Big Sur coastline picture, volume 3
page 12
Death Valley National Park picture,
volume 12 page 27
Devils Postpile picture, volume 11
page 75
San Diego Zoo picture, volume 15
page 107, picture, volume 15
page 108
Sequoia National Park picture, volume
5 page 113
State Capitol picture, volume 5
page 133, picture, volume 12 page 5
Yosemite Falls picture, volume 14
page 24
history
gold rush: see in index California Gold
Rush
Serra volume 12 page 73
Spanish missions volume 8 page 140,
table, volume 8 page 140
Taylor volume 13 page 23
people and culture
Asian Americans volume 1 page 206
immigrant languages picture, volume 7
page 105
Native Americans
Pomo volume 10 page 120
windmills picture, volume 15 page 50
California condor (bird) picture, volume
4 page 133
chick at zoo picture, volume 15 page 108
vulture volume 14 page 106
California Gold Rush (U.S. history)
California volume 3 page 13
gold rush volume 5 page 123
Miwok volume 8 page 150
Pomo volume 10 page 120
Sacramento volume 12 page 5
Sierra Nevada volume 12 page 86
Californian Indian (Native American
people)
Native Americans volume 9 page 18
California poppy (plant and flower) picture,
volume 10 page 126
California State Capitol (government
building in Sacramento, California)
picture, volume 5 page 133
caliph (Islamic title)
Caliphate volume 3 page 14
Caliphate (Islamic history)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 14
MORE TO EXPLORE
Abu Bakr volume 1 page 15
Baghdad volume 2 page 6
Umayyad caliph on gold coin picture,
volume 3 page 14
call and response (music)
gospel music volume 5 page 130
Callao (port in Peru)
Lima volume 7 page 151
calligraphy (artistic handwriting)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 15, picture,
volume 3 page 15
Callisto (moon of Jupiter)
Jupiter volume 7 page 41
call number (library science)
library volume 7 page 142
calorie (unit of measurement)
food and nutrition volume 5 page 43
42 Cabrillo, Juan Rodriguez BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
Calvin, John (French theologian)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 16, picture,
volume 3 page 16
MORE TO EXPLORE
Huguenots volume 6 page 92
Reformation volume 11 page 39
calving (glacier cycle)
iceberg volume 6 page 107
Calvinism (Christianity)
Calvin volume 3 page 16
calyx (botany)
flower volume 5 page 38
parts of a flower picture, volume 5
page 38
Cambodia (country in Southeast Asia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 17
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
AngkorWat volume 1 page 120
rice paddy picture, volume 3
page 18
Royal Palace picture, volume 10
page 74
Vietnam volume 14 page 85
Cambridge (city in Massachusetts, U.S.)
Harvard University picture, volume 8
page 73
camcorder (electronic device) picture,
volume 14 page 80
video recording volume 14 page 80
Camden (city in Maine, U.S.) picture,
volume 8 page 23
Cameahwait (Shoshone leader)
Sacagawea volume 12 page 4
camel (mammal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 19, picture,
volume 3 page 19, picture, volume 3
page 19
MORE TO EXPLORE
transportation picture, volume 4
page 110
camel racing (sport)
Kings Camel Race in Riyadh picture,
volume 12 page 44
preparing for a camel race picture, volume
14 page 15
camera (photography)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 20
MORE TO EXPLORE
photography volume 10 page 77
camera obscura (photography)
camera volume 3 page 20
Cameroon (country in Africa)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 22
MORE TO EXPLORE
rain forest picture, volume 11 page 23
camouflage (biological coloration): see in
index protective coloration
Camp,Walter (U.S. football coach)
football volume 5 page 50
campaign (politics)
voting volume 14 page 105
Campanella, Roy (U.S. baseball player)
Campanella, Doby, Newcombe, and
Robinson picture, volume 2 page 32
Campbell, Clive (U.S. deejay): see in
index Kool Herc
Camp David Accords (Egyptian-Israeli
peace agreements)
Carter volume 3 page 47
Israel volume 6 page 170
Canaan (historic region in the Middle
East)
Judaism volume 7 page 38
Moses volume 8 page 188
Palestine volume 10 page 18
Canada (country in North America)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 23
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
Arctic regions
aurora over northern Canada picture,
volume 1 page 227
polar bear picture, volume 2 page 42
polar bear on Hudson Bay ice picture,
volume 8 page 45
Banff National Park picture, volume 3
page 23
Calgary picture, volume 1 page 70
Coast Mountains picture, volume 2
page 133
Great Lakes volume 5 page 147
Hudson Bay volume 6 page 90
North America volume 9 page 79
Prince Edward Island picture, volume
10 page 151
Saint Lawrence River and Seaway
volume 12 page 13
Sault Sainte Marie canals volume 12
page 47
Yukon River picture, volume 15
page 98
history
Cabot volume 3 page 5, picture, volume
3 page 5
prime ministers table, volume 3
page 26
timeline volume 3 page 25
War of 1812 volume 15 page 13
people and culture
Canada Day picture, volume 3
page 27
House of Commons picture, volume
10 page 37
ice hockey volume 6 page 69
national anthem volume 9 page 13
Thanksgiving volume 13 page 56
Veterans Day volume 14 page 74
Canada Day (holiday)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 27, picture,
volume 3 page 27
Canada East (historical region in
Canada): see in index Quebec
Canada goose (bird) picture, volume 5
page 127
goose volume 5 page 127
CanadaWest (historical region in
Canada): see in index Ontario
Canadian Pacific Railway
Alberta volume 1 page 70
Canadian Rockies (mountain range in
Canada): see in index Rocky Mountains
Canaima, Parque Nacional (park in
Venezuela)
national parks volume 9 page 15
canal (waterway)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 27
MORE TO EXPLORE
Amsterdam volume 1 page 112
Brugge picture, volume 2 page 55
locks picture, volume 3 page 28
Saint Lawrence River and Seaway volume
12 page 13
transportation volume 13 page 93
Venice volume 14 page 65, picture, volume
3 page 28
Canal Zone (region in Panama)
Panama volume 10 page 22
Panama Canal volume 10 page 23
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Canal Zone 43
canary (bird)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 28, picture,
volume 3 page 29
MORE TO EXPLORE
finch volume 5 page 21
Canary Islands (islands of Spain in
Atlantic Ocean)
Spain volume 12 page 153
Canberra (capital city of Australia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 29, picture,
volume 3 page 29
MORE TO EXPLORE
Australia volume 1 page 229
New SouthWales volume 9 page 53
Cancer (astronomy)
constellation volume 3 page 188
zodiac signs picture, volume 15 page 107
cancer (disease)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 30
MORE TO EXPLORE
human disease volume 4 page 57
mutation volume 8 page 220
radiation volume 11 page 17
tumor development picture, volume 3
page 30
Cancer, Tropic of (geography)
tropics volume 13 page 98
candidate (politician)
voting volume 14 page 105
Candra Gupta I (emperor of India)
Mauryan Empire volume 8 page 81
cannibalism (human)
Carib volume 3 page 40
cannon (weapon)
brass volume 2 page 124
Gettysburg National Military Park picture,
volume 10 page 57
weapon volume 15 page 25
canoe (watercraft)
boat volume 2 page 98, picture, volume 2
page 98
Iroquois picture, volume 6 page 160
canopy (forests)
rain forest volume 11 page 23, picture,
volume 11 page 24
Canova, Antonio (Italian sculptor)
sculpture volume 12 page 57
cantaloupe (fruit)
melon picture, volume 8 page 97
Canterbury Tales, The (book by
Chaucer)
illustration of characters picture, volume
7 page 161
literature volume 7 page 161
cantilever bridge
bridge volume 2 page 130, picture, volume
2 page 130
canyon (landform)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 31, picture,
volume 3 page 31, picture, volume 3
page 32
MORE TO EXPLORE
valley volume 14 page 53
Cape Breton Highlands National Park
(park on Cape Breton Island, Nova
Scotia, Canada)
highlands view picture, volume 9
page 102
Cape buffalo (mammal)
buffalo volume 2 page 146
Cape Cod (peninsula in Massachusetts,
U.S.): see in index Cod, Cape
Cape Colony (British colony in South
Africa)
South Africa volume 12 page 139
Cape Enrage Lighthouse (lighthouse in
New Brunswick, Canada) picture, volume
9 page 42
Cape Hatteras National Seashore
(coastal area, North Carolina, U.S.)
sand dunes on Hatteras Island picture,
volume 9 page 86
Cape May (city in New Jersey, U.S.)
brightly painted houses picture, volume
9 page 50
Cape of Storms (promontory of South
Africa): see in index Good Hope, Cape
of
Cape Town (legislative capital city of
South Africa)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 32, picture,
volume 3 page 32
MORE TO EXPLORE
children pose near painting picture, volume
1 page 40
South Africa volume 12 page 137
Cape Verde (island country in the Atlantic
Ocean)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 33, picture,
volume 3 page 33
capillary (anatomy)
cardiovascular system volume 3 page 38,
picture, volume 3 page 38, picture,
volume 3 page 40
respiratory system volume 11 page 55,
picture, volume 11 page 55
capital (economic factor)
economics volume 4 page 100
capitalism (economic system)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 34
MORE TO EXPLORE
business competition picture, volume 3
page 34
communism volume 3 page 167
economics volume 4 page 101
socialism volume 12 page 119
capital punishment (law)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 35, picture,
volume 3 page 35
Capitol, United States (building in
Washington, D.C., U.S.) picture, volume
15 page 18
nighttime view ofWashington, D.C.
picture, volume 14 page 24
Washington, D.C. volume 15 page 18
Capitoline Museums (museums in
Rome, Italy)
bust of Caesar picture, volume 3 page 7
Rome volume 11 page 87
Capricorn (astronomy): see in index Capricornus
Capricorn, Tropic of (geography)
tropics volume 13 page 98
Capricornus (astronomy)
constellation volume 3 page 188
zodiac signs picture, volume 15 page 107
capsaicin (chemical compound)
pepper volume 10 page 59
Captain Hook (fictional character)
dramatization picture, volume 4 page 72
Captain Nemo (fictional character) picture,
volume 14 page 70
Verne volume 14 page 70
capuchin monkey (monkey) picture,
volume 3 page 74
capybara (rodent genus) picture, volume
11 page 80
44 canary BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
rodent volume 11 page 80
car (road transport): see in index automobile
caracal (mammal)
lynx volume 7 page 191
Caracas (capital city of Venezuela)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 36, picture,
volume 3 page 36
MORE TO EXPLORE
Venezuela volume 14 page 63
Caravaggio (Italian painter)
painting volume 10 page 10
carbohydrate (biochemistry)
food and nutrition volume 5 page 43
carbon (chemical element)
atom picture, volume 1 page 225
steel volume 12 page 184
carbon-14 dating (technology): see in
index radiocarbon dating
carbon dioxide (chemical compound)
air volume 1 page 51
blood volume 2 page 92, picture, volume
3 page 40
fermentation volume 5 page 11
global warming volume 5 page 121
living thing volume 7 page 168
photosynthesis volume 10 page 78
respiratory system volume 11 page 54
lung volume 7 page 184
cardboard (grade of paper)
paper volume 10 page 28
card catalog (library science)
library volume 7 page 143
cardiac muscle (anatomy) picture, volume
8 page 209
cardiovascular system volume 3 page 38
muscle volume 8 page 209
Cardiff (capital city ofWales, United
Kingdom)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 37, picture,
volume 3 page 37
MORE TO EXPLORE
Wales volume 15 page 4
Cardiff Castle (building in Cardiff,
Wales, United Kingdom) picture, volume
3 page 37
Cardiff volume 3 page 37
cardinal (Roman Catholicism)
pope volume 10 page 125
cardinal (bird)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 37
MORE TO EXPLORE
finch volume 5 page 21
northern cardinal picture, volume 3
page 38
Cardinals (U.S. baseball team): see in
index Saint Louis Cardinals
cardiovascular system (anatomy and
physiology)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 38, picture,
volume 3 page 38, picture, volume 3
page 39, picture, volume 3 page 40
MORE TO EXPLORE
circulatory system volume 3 page 119
cargo ship picture, volume 12 page 81
ship volume 12 page 82
Carib (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 40
MORE TO EXPLORE
Arawak volume 1 page 162
Carib basket weaver picture, volume 3
page 40
Dominica volume 4 page 65
Grenada volume 5 page 160
Caribbean (geographical region in the
Americas): see in indexWest Indies
Caribbean manatee (mammal)
manatee volume 8 page 39
Caribbean Sea (sea of the Atlantic
Ocean)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 41, picture,
volume 3 page 41
MORE TO EXPLORE
Carib volume 3 page 40
caribou (mammal): see in index reindeer
caries (dental problem): see in index tooth
decay
Carlos, John (U.S. athlete)
1968 Olympic Games picture, volume 1
page 44
Carlsbad Caverns National Park
(national park in New Mexico, U.S.)
stalagmites picture, volume 3 page 62
Carmel (city in California, U.S.)
California missions table, volume 8
page 140
carnation (plant and flower)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 42, picture,
volume 3 page 42
carnelian (mineral)
jewelry and gems volume 7 page 24
Carnival (pre-Lent festival)
Rio de Janeiro volume 11 page 66, picture,
volume 2 page 127
Trinidad and Tobago picture, volume 13
page 97
carnivore (meat-eating animal)
dinosaur volume 4 page 51
mouth structure picture, volume 4
page 51
mammal volume 8 page 36
carnivorous plant
pitcher plant volume 10 page 90
Venuss-flytrap volume 14 page 67
carp (fish)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 42, picture,
volume 3 page 42
carpal bone (anatomy)
arm picture, volume 1 page 182
Carpathian Mountains (mountains in
Europe)
Romania volume 11 page 84
carpenter ant (insect) picture, volume 1
page 133
carpentry: see in index woodworking
carpet (floor covering): see in index rug
carpetbagger (U.S. history)
Reconstruction volume 11 page 34, picture,
volume 11 page 34
carpooling
conservation picture, volume 3
page 187
Carranza, Venustiano (president of
Mexico)
Villa volume 14 page 91
Zapata volume 15 page 102
carrion crow (bird) picture, volume 3
page 222
crows volume 3 page 222
Carroll, Lewis (British author)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 43
MORE TO EXPLORE
literature for children volume 7
page 164
carrot (plant and edible root)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 43, picture,
volume 3 page 44
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA carrot 45
Carson, Kit (U.S. frontiersman)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 44, picture,
volume 3 page 44
Carson City (state capital of Nevada,
U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 45, picture,
volume 3 page 45
MORE TO EXPLORE
Nevada volume 9 page 40
Carter, Howard (British archaeologist)
Tutankhamen volume 13 page 119
Carter, Jimmy (president of the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 46, picture,
volume 3 page 46
MORE TO EXPLORE
Ford volume 5 page 52
Georgia volume 5 page 102
timeline volume 3 page 46
Carter, Rosalynn Smith (first lady of the
U.S.)
Carter, Jimmy volume 3 page 46
Carter Center (U.S. human rights organization)
Carter volume 3 page 47
Carter family (U.S. singers)
country music volume 3 page 208
Carthage (ancient city in Tunisia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 47, picture,
volume 3 page 47
MORE TO EXPLORE
ancient Rome volume 11 page 89
Phoenician volume 10 page 75
Tunisia volume 13 page 110
Tunis volume 13 page 108
Cartier, Jacques (French explorer)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 48
MORE TO EXPLORE
Canada volume 3 page 25
exploration and settlement of the
Americas volume 1 page 103
New Brunswick volume 9 page 43
Prince Edward Island volume 10
page 151
Quebec volume 11 page 9
cartilage (anatomy)
knee volume 7 page 74
knee joint in cross section picture,
volume 12 page 97
shark volume 12 page 76
skeletal system volume 12 page 97
cartography: see in index atlas; map
cartoon
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 49
Cartwright, Alexander (U.S. sportsman)
baseball volume 2 page 32
Carver, GeorgeWashington (U.S. agriculturist
and chemist)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 50, picture,
volume 3 page 50
MORE TO EXPLORE
peanut volume 10 page 47
carving
ancient Phoenician ship picture, volume
10 page 74
Indus Valley Civilization picture, volume
6 page 136
Maori village picture, volume 9 page 62
sculpture volume 12 page 55
Casamance (region in Senegal)
Senegal volume 12 page 66
casbah (fortress)
Moroccan ruins picture, volume 1
page 42
cascade (waterfall)
waterfall volume 15 page 24
Cascade Range (mountain range in the
U.S.)
Columbia River Gorge picture, volume 3
page 161
Oregon volume 9 page 147
Washington volume 15 page 15
Cash, Johnny (U.S. singer-songwriter)
country music volume 3 page 208
cashmere (animal-hair fiber)
Mongolia volume 8 page 164
cashmere goat (breed of goat): see in
index Kashmir goat
Caspian Sea (inland sea in Eurasia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 51
MORE TO EXPLORE
facts about Asia volume 1 page 205
facts about Europe volume 4 page 163
oil derricks picture, volume 2 page 10
cassette
sound recording volume 12 page 136
Cassini (United States space probe)
Saturn volume 12 page 42
cassowary (bird)
flightless birds volume 2 page 79
caste (social practice)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 52
MORE TO EXPLORE
Hinduism volume 6 page 57
India volume 6 page 124
Mauryan Empire volume 8 page 81
Castilian (Spanish dialect)
Spain volume 12 page 154
Castillo (pyramid in Mayapan, Mexico)
pyramid volume 10 page 171
Castillo de San Marcos National
Monument (monument in Saint
Augustine, Florida, U.S.) picture, volume
12 page 10
Saint Augustine volume 12 page 10
casting (technology)
sculpture volume 12 page 56
castle (stronghold and residence)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 3 page 52, picture,
volume 3 page 53
MORE TO EXPLORE
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