plant volume 10 page 96
Fernando Po (island and province in
Equatorial Guinea): see in index Bioko
Ferris wheel (ride)
London Eye picture, volume 7 page 176
Fertile Crescent (region of the Middle
East)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 12
fertilization (reproduction)
reproductive system volume 11 page 49
fertilizer (agriculture)
herb volume 6 page 45
pollution volume 10 page 118
festival
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 13, picture,
volume 5 page 13
Festival of Lights (Hinduism): see in
index Diwali
Festival of Lights (Judaism): see in index
Hanukkah
fetus (embryology)
gestation volume 5 page 109
reproductive system volume 11 page 49
feudalism (social system)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 13
MORE TO EXPLORE
Europe volume 4 page 164
Marie-Antoinette volume 8 page 55
Middle Ages volume 8 page 122
serfs picture, volume 5 page 14
fever (medical disorder)
virus volume 14 page 98
fiber (thin strands of material)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 16
MORE TO EXPLORE
textile volume 13 page 53
weaver picture, volume 9 page 37
fiber-optic cable (electrical conductor)
laser volume 7 page 111
fiber optics (data transmitting science)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 14, picture,
volume 5 page 15, picture, volume 5
page 15
MORE TO EXPLORE
glass volume 5 page 119
telephone volume 13 page 36
fibrous root
root volume 11 page 96
fibula (bone)
leg volume 7 page 123
fiction (literature)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 17
MORE TO EXPLORE
literature volume 7 page 160
field (sports)
baseball picture, volume 2 page 31
soccer volume 12 page 116, picture, volume
12 page 117
field archery (sport)
archery volume 1 page 166
fielder (sports)
cricket volume 3 page 215
field event (sports)
track and field picture, volume 13
page 85
field force (physics)
force volume 5 page 50
field glasses (magnifying device): see in
index binoculars
field goal (sports)
football volume 5 page 50
Field Museum of Natural History
(museum in Chicago, Illinois, U.S.)
Sue picture, volume 8 page 212
fieldwork (research method)
archaeology volume 1 page 163
FIFA: see in index Federation Internationale
de Football Association
FIFAWorld Cup (soccer): see in index
World Cup
Fifteenth Amendment (U.S. Constitution)
African Americans volume 1 page 43
Grant volume 5 page 138
Reconstruction volume 11 page 34
Fifth Crusade (European, Christian and
Islamic history): see in index Crusades
fifth position (ballet)
ballet positions picture, volume 2
page 14
fig (tree and fruit)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 18, picture,
volume 5 page 18
fighter aircraft
air force volume 1 page 52
fighting (sport): see in index boxing
Fighting Falcon (military aircraft): see in
index F-16
figure skate (sports equipment)
ice skating volume 6 page 109
types of skates picture, volume 6
page 109
figure skating (sport)
ice skating volume 6 page 109, picture,
volume 6 page 110
types of skates picture, volume 6
page 109
Fiji (island country in the Pacific Ocean)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 19, picture,
volume 5 page 19
MORE TO EXPLORE
Parliament House picture, volume 12
page 209
filbert (nut and tree): see in index hazelnut
Filipino (people)
Philippines volume 10 page 71
filling (dentistry)
dentistry volume 4 page 38
Fillmore, Abigail (first lady of the U.S.)
Fillmore, Millard volume 5 page 20
Fillmore, Millard (president of the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 20, picture,
volume 5 page 20
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Fillmore, Millard 87
MORE TO EXPLORE
timeline volume 5 page 20
film: see in index movie
film (photography)
developing photographs picture, volume
10 page 76
photography volume 10 page 76
film editing (movies)
movie volume 8 page 199
film projector (device): see in index
movie projector
fin (animal appendage)
fish volume 5 page 27
final solution (Nazi policy)
Holocaust volume 6 page 72
finback whale (mammal): see in index fin
whale
finch (bird)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 21
MORE TO EXPLORE
American goldfinch picture, volume 5
page 21
finger (anatomy)
arthritis picture, volume 1 page 191
hand volume 6 page 12
nail picture, volume 9 page 4
fingernail (anatomy): see in index nail
fingerprint (anatomy)
hand volume 6 page 12
police investigation picture, volume 10
page 112
Finland (country in Europe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 22
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
conifer forest picture, volume 3
page 182
Olavinlinna Castle picture, volume 5
page 23
Sami picture, volume 5 page 22
Sweden volume 12 page 213
Finnbogadottir, Vigdis (president of
Iceland)
Iceland volume 6 page 108
fin whale (mammal)
whale species picture, volume 15 page 37
fir (tree)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 24, picture,
volume 5 page 24
fire (combustion)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 24
MORE TO EXPLORE
cooking picture, volume 6 page 32
firefighting volume 5 page 25
fireplace picture, volume 5 page 24
mythology
Hephaestus picture, volume 6 page 43
Prometheus volume 10 page 155
steel mill picture, volume 5 page 25
Zoroastrianism volume 15 page 110
firearm (weapon): see in index gun
fire bomb (military technology): see in
index incendiary bomb
firefighting
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 25, picture,
volume 5 page 26
MORE TO EXPLORE
WorldWar II picture, volume 15
page 66
firefly (insect)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 26, picture,
volume 5 page 26
firing (ceramics)
brick and tile volume 2 page 128
pottery volume 10 page 140
first-degree burn (injury)
burn and scald volume 2 page 152
First Fleet (Australian history)
Australia volume 1 page 231
First Nations (Canadian people): see in
index North American Indian
first position (ballet)
ballet positions picture, volume 2
page 14
First SeminoleWar (U.S. history, 1817-
18)
Seminole volume 12 page 64
First State (state in the U.S.): see in index
Delaware
First Temple (Judaism): see in index
Jerusalem, Temple of
FIS (political party in Algeria): see in
index Islamic Salvation Front
fish (animal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 27
MORE TO EXPLORE
animal volume 1 page 125
vertebrates volume 14 page 72
aquarium volume 1 page 154
brain volume 2 page 122, picture, volume
2 page 122
egg volume 4 page 108
four animal skeletal systems picture,
volume 12 page 95
heart volume 6 page 32
images
anemone fish picture, volume 5
page 28
gills picture, volume 11 page 54
Red Sea picture, volume 11 page 37
whale shark picture, volume 5 page 28
Yellowspot emperor fish picture, volume
5 page 27
nest volume 9 page 37
nose volume 9 page 100
prehistoric life volume 10 page 145
fish eagle (bird): see in index sea eagle
fishing (food production)
Atlantic Ocean volume 1 page 222
images
Bangladesh picture, volume 2 page 22
Enya people picture, volume 3
page 180
Euphrates River picture, volume 4
page 159
Ghana picture, volume 5 page 111
Inuit picture, volume 9 page 96
Mekong River picture, volume 1
page 204
Micronesia picture, volume 8 page 119
Niger River picture, volume 9 page 69
Sri Lanka picture, volume 12 page 174
fishing (recreation)
rainbow trout picture, volume 13
page 99
fission (physics): see in index nuclear fission
Fitch, John (U.S. industrialist)
technology and invention volume 13
page 27
fittest, survival of the (biology): see in
index survival of the fittest
Fitzroy, Mount (mountain in Argentina)
picture, volume 1 page 118
FIVB (sports organization): see in index
Federation Internationale de Volleyball
Five Civilized Tribes (North American
Indian confederacy)
Cherokee volume 3 page 88
88 film BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
Chickasaw volume 3 page 94
Choctaw volume 3 page 110
Creek volume 3 page 213
five pillars of Islam (religion): see in
index Islam, five pillars of
fjord (sea inlet)
Greenland volume 5 page 158
Norway picture, volume 4 page 162
flag (heraldry)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 29
MORE TO EXPLORE
shapes volume 5 page 30
ship from Venice, Italy picture, volume 5
page 31
United Kingdom volume 5
page 30
United States volume 5 page 29
flake tool (prehistoric technique)
Stone Age volume 12 page 188
flame
fire volume 5 page 25
flamenco (form of music and dance)
dancer picture, volume 12 page 154
flamingo (bird)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 31, picture,
volume 5 page 31, picture, volume 14
page 64
flap (aircraft part)
airplane volume 1 page 54
flash flood
flood volume 5 page 33
flashlight (device)
battery picture, volume 2 page 40
Flathead (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 31
MORE TO EXPLORE
Charlot, Flathead chief picture, volume 5
page 32
Native Americans volume 9
page 18
Flat Pipe (sacred object)
Arapaho volume 1 page 161
flat-plate collector (technology)
solar energy volume 12 page 125, picture,
volume 12 page 125
flatworm (animal)
invertebrate animals picture, volume 9
page 34
worm volume 15 page 71
flax (plant and fiber)
Canadian flax crop picture, volume 8
page 45
flea (insect)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 32, picture,
volume 5 page 32
MORE TO EXPLORE
insect volume 6 page 139
parasite volume 10 page 33
plague volume 10 page 92
typhus volume 13 page 124
Fleming (European people)
Belgium volume 2 page 54
Fleming, Alexander (Scottish bacteriologist)
penicillin volume 10 page 53
fleshy fruit (botany)
fruit volume 5 page 72
flicker (bird)
woodpecker volume 15 page 59
flight (aircraft): see in index aviation
flight (animal locomotion)
bird volume 2 page 77
gull picture, volume 5 page 171
flight control
airplane volume 1 page 56
flight instrument (airplane part)
airplane volume 1 page 56
flightless bird: see in index bird, flightless
flight simulator (training device): see in
index simulator
flipper (animal anatomy)
seal volume 12 page 59
walrus volume 15 page 6
FLN (political party in Algeria): see in
index National Liberation Front
flood
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 33, picture,
volume 5 page 33
MORE TO EXPLORE
dam volume 4 page 9
river volume 11 page 68
flood irrigation (agriculture)
irrigation volume 6 page 161
floor (construction)
brick and tile volume 2 page 128
floor exercise (gymnastics)
gymnastics volume 5 page 174, picture,
volume 5 page 175, picture, volume 5
page 176
Florence (city in Italy) picture, volume 6
page 173
banking in Florence picture, volume 2
page 26
Medici family volume 8 page 91
Renaissance volume 11 page 46
Florida (state in the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 34
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
Florida Keys volume 5 page 37, picture,
volume 5 page 37
Honeymoon Island picture, volume 5
page 35
J. F. K. Space Center
space shuttle Discovery picture,
volume 5 page 36
Lake Bradford picture, volume 13
page 12
history
Jackson volume 7 page 6
Ponce de Leon volume 10 page 123
Florida Keys (island chain in Florida,
U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 37
MORE TO EXPLORE
Florida volume 5 page 34
flour (food)
grain volume 5 page 135
wheat volume 15 page 39
flower
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 37
MORE TO EXPLORE
garden volume 5 page 87
images
cross-pollination picture, volume 10
page 117
garden in The Netherlands picture,
volume 5 page 38
Keukenhof Gardens picture, volume 5
page 87
parts of a flower picture, volume 5
page 38
reproduction picture, volume 10
page 95
rhododendron picture, volume 11
page 62
self-pollination picture, volume 10
page 116
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA flower 89
flowering tree: see in index broad-leaved
tree
flu (viral infection): see in index influenza
fluke (whale anatomy)
whale volume 15 page 38
flute (musical instrument)
wind instruments picture, volume 8
page 217
fly (insect)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 39
MORE TO EXPLORE
housefly picture, volume 5 page 39
flying fish
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 39, picture,
volume 5 page 40
flying lizard (reptile) picture, volume 11
page 52
flying shuttle (weaving)
Industrial Revolution volume 6
page 133
flying squirrel (rodent)
squirrel volume 12 page 173
flying trapeze (circus act equipment)
Barnum & Bailey poster picture, volume
3 page 120
fly orchid (plant and flower) picture, volume
8 page 130
fog (weather)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 40, picture,
volume 5 page 40
MORE TO EXPLORE
Cumberland Gap picture, volume 3
page 231
Fogg, Phileas (fictional character)
Verne volume 14 page 70
folk dance
dance volume 4 page 11
Greece picture, volume 5 page 153
Mexico picture, volume 3 page 118
Ukraine picture, volume 14 page 7
folklore (social customs, tales, and traditions)
Easter volume 4 page 93
folk music
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 41, picture,
volume 5 page 41
MORE TO EXPLORE
country music volume 3 page 208
folk rock (music)
folk music volume 5 page 41
folk song
folk music volume 5 page 41
folktale (literature)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 41, picture,
volume 5 page 42, picture, volume 5
page 43
MORE TO EXPLORE
Grimm brothers volume 5 page 162
storytelling volume 12 page 194
food
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 43
MORE TO EXPLORE
energy source picture, volume 4
page 139
festival and holiday volume 5 page 13
seed volume 12 page 63
spices volume 12 page 163
USDA food guide pyramid picture, volume
5 page 44
vacuum packing picture, volume 14
page 50
Food and Drug Administration (U.S.
government agency)
drug volume 4 page 79
food chain (ecology)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 44, picture,
volume 5 page 45
MORE TO EXPLORE
ecosystem volume 4 page 101
food poisoning
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 45
food pyramid (diet)
food and nutrition volume 5 page 44
USDA food guide pyramid picture, volume
5 page 44
food vacuole (cell part)
amoeba volume 1 page 108
food web (ecology)
food chain volume 5 page 45
foot (mollusk anatomy)
bivalve volume 2 page 84
mollusk volume 8 page 157
foot (anatomy)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 47, picture,
volume 5 page 47
MORE TO EXPLORE
songbird volume 12 page 132
X-ray picture, volume 15 page 82
football (gridiron)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 48, picture,
volume 5 page 48
MORE TO EXPLORE
football field picture, volume 5 page 49
rugby volume 11 page 103
football (soccer): see in index soccer
Football Association (British sports organization)
soccer volume 12 page 118
football field (sports) picture, volume 5
page 49
football volume 5 page 48
footrace (athletics)
Special Olympics picture, volume 12
page 161
track and field volume 13 page 87
Forbidden City (palace area in Beijing,
China) picture, volume 3 page 104
Beijing volume 2 page 50
force (physics)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 50, picture,
volume 5 page 50
MORE TO EXPLORE
machine volume 8 page 7
physics volume 10 page 78
Ford, Betty (first lady of the U.S.)
Ford, Gerald volume 5 page 52
Ford, Gerald R. (president of the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 51, picture,
volume 5 page 52
MORE TO EXPLORE
Nixon volume 9 page 75
timeline volume 5 page 51
Ford, Henry (U.S. industrialist)
automobile history volume 1 page 237
technology and invention volume 13
page 28
forebrain (anatomy)
brain volume 2 page 122, picture, volume
2 page 122
foreign aid
wheat from the United States picture,
volume 5 page 6
foreign mission (Christianity): see in
index missions
foreign trade: see in index international
trade
90 flowering tree BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
foreleg (anatomy)
leg volume 7 page 123
Foreman, George (U.S. boxer)
Ali volume 1 page 82
forest (ecology)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 52, picture,
volume 5 page 53
MORE TO EXPLORE
biome volume 2 page 74
conifer forest picture, volume 3 page 182
deer and fawn picture, volume 6 page 4
moss picture, volume 8 page 190
tropical forest picture, volume 5 page 54
forest eagle (bird)
eagles volume 4 page 86
forest floor
rain forest volume 11 page 24
forestry
definition volume 5 page 54
Forest Service (U.S. government agency)
Roosevelt volume 11 page 95
forgetting (mental process)
memory volume 8 page 99
form (literature)
poetry volume 10 page 106
form (music)
music volume 8 page 213
formal education
education volume 4 page 105
formation (sports)
soccer volume 12 page 117
Formosa (self-governing island in Asia):
see in index Taiwan
Fort (in names of forts): see in index
under the specific part of the name, for
example, Des Moines, Fort except as
found below
Fort-de-France (capital city of Martinique)
cathedral picture, volume 8 page 66
Martinique volume 8 page 65
fortification (military science): see in
index fortress
Fort-Lamy (capital city of Chad): see in
index NDjamena
Fort Norman (village in Northwest Territory,
Canada)
Northwest Territories volume 9 page 96
fortress (military science)
Castillo de San Marcos picture, volume
12 page 10
Krak des Chevaliers picture, volume 12
page 224
ribat in Tunisia picture, volume 13
page 110
Fort Ticonderoga (fort in New York,
U.S.): see in index Ticonderoga, Fort
Fort Victoria (provincial capital of British
Columbia, Canada): see in index Victoria
Forty-two-line Bible: see in index Gutenberg
Bible
Forum (ancient Roman public building)
ancient Rome volume 11 page 89
forward (soccer position)
soccer volume 12 page 117
fossa (mammal)
Madagascar volume 8 page 9
Fossett, Steve (U.S. aviator)
balloon volume 2 page 16
fossil
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 55, picture,
volume 5 page 55
MORE TO EXPLORE
Allosaurus volume 1 page 86
amber volume 1 page 92
dinosaur volume 4 page 49
evolution volume 4 page 170
human origins volume 6 page 93
limestone volume 7 page 153
mammoth and mastodon volume 8
page 76
Neanderthal fossil skeleton picture, volume
6 page 93
paleontology volume 10 page 17
protozoan picture, volume 10 page 159
pterodactyl picture, volume 10 page 163
fossil fuel
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 55
MORE TO EXPLORE
coal mined for fuel picture, volume 5
page 56
energy volume 4 page 137
global warming volume 5 page 120
factory exhaust picture, volume 5
page 120
petroleum volume 10 page 68
pollution volume 10 page 117
fossil record
evolution volume 4 page 170
Foucault, Jean (French scientist)
pendulum volume 10 page 52
foul (sports)
basketball volume 2 page 35
soccer volume 12 page 118
Four Noble Truths (Buddhist philosophy)
Buddha volume 2 page 143
Buddhism volume 2 page 144
Fourteenth Amendment (U.S. Constitution)
African Americans volume 1 page 43
Reconstruction volume 11 page 34
fourth-degree burn (injury)
burn and scald volume 2 page 152
Fourth of July (United States holiday):
see in index Independence Day
fourth position (ballet)
ballet positions picture, volume 2
page 14
Fouta Djallon (region in Guinea)
Guinea volume 5 page 169
fowl (birds): see in index bird; poultry;
waterfowl
Fox (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 56, picture,
volume 5 page 56
MORE TO EXPLORE
Sauk volume 12 page 46
fox (animal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 57, picture,
volume 5 page 57
Fox, George (English religious leader)
Quakers volume 11 page 5
Fox, Michael J. (actor)
with Muhammad Ali picture, volume 10
page 35
Fox, Vicente (president of Mexico)
Mexico volume 8 page 112
fraction (mathematics)
numbers and number systems volume 9
page 106
fracture (of bone) picture, volume 2
page 106
bone volume 2 page 106
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA fracture 91
fragmentation bomb (military technology)
bomb volume 2 page 104
frame (mechanical structure)
motorcycle volume 8 page 192
Francais: see in index French language
France (country in Europe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 58
MORE TO EXPLORE
art and architecture
drama volume 4 page 74
gargoyle picture, volume 5 page 89
Louvre Pyramid picture, volume 5
page 60
Pont du Gard picture, volume 2
page 131
geography
Dinan picture, volume 5 page 58
English Channel volume 4 page 141
farm with irrigation system picture,
volume 6 page 162
Loire River volume 7 page 173
Loire Valley chateaus picture, volume 7
page 173
Paris
Eiffel Tower picture, volume 4
page 115
Seine River
island picture, volume 6 page 167
history
abolitionist movement volume 1
page 11
Africa
Algeria volume 1 page 80
Congo volume 2 page 128
Dahomey volume 4 page 6
Djibouti volume 4 page 60
Gabon volume 5 page 78, volume 7
page 143
Guinea volume 3 page 175, volume 5
page 169
Madagascar volume 1 page 134, volume
8 page 10
Mali volume 8 page 32
Mauritania volume 8 page 79, volume
9 page 100
Morocco volume 8 page 184
Niger volume 9 page 67
Reunion volume 11 page 57
Senegal volume 4 page 7, volume 12
page 67
Togo volume 13 page 74
Tunisia volume 13 page 110
Wolof Empire volume 15 page 55
Americas
Adams volume 1 page 23
Dominica volume 4 page 65
exploration and settlement volume 1
page 102, picture, volume 1
page 107
French and IndianWar volume 5
page 66
French Guiana volume 5 page 67
Grenada volume 5 page 160
Guadeloupe volume 5 page 165
Haiti volume 6 page 9, volume 13
page 83
Louisiana volume 7 page 181
Baton Rouge volume 2 page 39
Louisiana Purchase volume 7
page 182
Martinique volume 8 page 66
Mexico volume 8 page 112
Mississippi River volume 8 page 145
Native American people
Algonquin people volume 1
page 81
Choctaw people volume 3
page 110
Illinois volume 6 page 115
Iowa volume 6 page 144
Iroquois volume 6 page 160
Missouri people volume 8
page 145
Quapaw volume 11 page 6
Winnebago volume 15 page 50
North America volume 9 page 83
Statue of Liberty volume 7 page 140
United States volume 14 page 29
Verrazzano volume 14 page 70
War of 1812 volume 15 page 12
Wisconsin volume 15 page 53
Asia
Laos volume 7 page 107, volume 14
page 83
Vietnam volume 14 page 85, volume
14 page 86
Hanoi volume 6 page 13
Ho Chi Minh volume 6 page 66
ColdWar volume 3 page 151
De Gaulle volume 4 page 28
feudalism volume 5 page 14
Franks volume 5 page 61
French Polynesia volume 5 page 68
Holy Roman Empire volume 6
page 74
Huguenots volume 6 page 92
Indian Ocean
Mauritius volume 8 page 80
Seychelles volume 12 page 74
timeline volume 5 page 58
WorldWar I volume 15 page 61
WorldWar II volume 15 page 65
D-Day picture, volume 15 page 69
people and culture
Bastille Day picture, volume 2 page 38
cycling volume 3 page 234
Mardi Gras picture, volume 8 page 54
metric system volume 8 page 90
national anthem volume 9 page 13
Francis II (Holy Roman emperor)
Holy Roman Empire volume 6 page 75
Francis Ferdinand (Austrian archduke)
assassination volume 1 page 211
Bosnia and Herzegovina volume 2
page 113
WorldWar I volume 15 page 61
Franco, Francisco (ruler of Spain)
Spain volume 12 page 156
Spanish-AmericanWar volume 12
page 158
Frank (people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 61
MORE TO EXPLORE
Charlemagne volume 3 page 81
France volume 5 page 59
Germany volume 5 page 106
Holy Roman Empire volume 6 page 74
stone carving picture, volume 5 page 61
Frank, Anne (German diarist)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 61, picture,
volume 5 page 62
MORE TO EXPLORE
Holocaust volume 6 page 71
Frankfort (state capital of Kentucky,
U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 62
MORE TO EXPLORE
Kentucky volume 7 page 56
State Capitol picture, volume 5 page 63
frankincense (gum resin)
Yemen volume 15 page 91
Franklin, Benjamin (U.S. author, scientist,
and statesman)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 63, picture,
volume 5 page 63
MORE TO EXPLORE
education volume 4 page 107
Join, or Die cartoon picture, volume 1
page 67
kite volume 7 page 72
Paine volume 10 page 7
92 fragmentation bomb BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
Philadelphia volume 10 page 70
Pulaski volume 10 page 166
Franklin, Sir John (English explorer)
Northwest Passage volume 9 page 94
Fraser River (river in British Columbia,
Canada)
British Columbia volume 2 page 133
fraternal twin
genetics volume 5 page 94
Frederick I Barbarossa (Holy Roman
emperor)
Holy Roman Empire volume 6 page 75
Frederick II (Holy Roman emperor)
Crusades volume 3 page 224
Frederick II (king of Prussia): see in index
Frederick the Great
Frederick III (Holy Roman emperor)
Hapsburgs volume 6 page 15
Frederick the Great (king of Prussia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 64, picture,
volume 5 page 64
MORE TO EXPLORE
Prussia volume 10 page 161
FrederickWilliam (elector of Brandenburg)
Prussia volume 10 page 161
FrederickWilliam I (king of Prussia)
Frederick the Great volume 5 page 64
FrederickWilliam IV (king of Prussia)
Prussia volume 10 page 161
Fredericton (provincial capital of New
Brunswick, Canada)
New Brunswick volume 9 page 42
freedom of religion
bill of rights volume 2 page 70
freedom of speech
bill of rights volume 2 page 70
freedom of the press (law)
newspaper volume 9 page 55
Free French (French history)
De Gaulle volume 4 page 28
France volume 5 page 60
WorldWar II volume 15 page 66
free kick (sports)
soccer volume 12 page 118
free-market economy (economic system):
see in index capitalism
freestyle (swimming)
swimming volume 12 page 215
freestyle skiing (winter sport)
skiing volume 12 page 99
skiing courses picture, volume 12
page 99
freestyle wrestling (sport)
wrestling volume 15 page 73
free throw (sports)
basketball volume 2 page 35, picture,
volume 2 page 34
Freetown (capital city of Sierra Leone)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 65
MORE TO EXPLORE
Sierra Leone volume 12 page 85
free trade (economics)
trade volume 13 page 88
free verse (poetry)
literature volume 7 page 162
poetry volume 10 page 106
freeway (road): see in index expressway
freezing (phase change)
crystal volume 3 page 226
water volume 15 page 23
freight car (railroad)
railroad volume 11 page 20
freight train (railroad): see in index
freight car
Frelimo (political party in Mozambique):
see in index Front for the Liberation of
Mozambique
Fremont (city in California, U.S.)
California missions table, volume 8
page 140
Fremont, John Charles (U.S. explorer
and military officer)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 65, picture,
volume 5 page 65
MORE TO EXPLORE
Carson volume 3 page 45
French Alps (mountains in France)
France volume 5 page 58
French and IndianWar (North American
history)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 66, picture,
volume 5 page 66
MORE TO EXPLORE
Canada volume 3 page 25
colonization volume 1 page 107
Onondaga volume 9 page 138
Quebec volume 11 page 9
French Canadian (people)
Quebec volume 11 page 9
French Guiana (department of France)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 67, picture,
volume 5 page 67
French Indochina (region in Southeast
Asia)
Cambodia volume 3 page 18
Vietnam volume 14 page 85
French IndochinaWar (Franco-
Vietnamese history, 1946-54)
VietnamWar volume 14 page 86
French language
North America volume 9 page 81
French marigold (plant) picture, volume
8 page 56
marigold volume 8 page 56
French Polynesia (French overseas island
country in the Pacific Ocean)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 68, picture,
volume 5 page 68, picture, volume 9
page 119
French Revolution (French history,
1789-99)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 69
MORE TO EXPLORE
Bastille Day volume 2 page 38
bill of rights volume 2 page 70
civil rights volume 3 page 128
Enlightenment volume 4 page 142
Europe volume 4 page 164
France volume 5 page 60
Paris volume 10 page 35
people
Lafayette volume 7 page 101
Louis XVI volume 7 page 179
Marie Antoinette volume 8 page 55
Robespierre picture, volume 5 page 70
protests picture, volume 5 page 69
taxation volume 13 page 22
terrorism volume 13 page 49
French Sign Language (form of communication)
sign language volume 12 page 87
FrenchWest Africa (historical colonies in
Africa)
Dakar volume 4 page 7
Senegal volume 12 page 67
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA French West Africa 93
frequency (physics)
radio volume 11 page 19
freshwater
lake volume 7 page 102
natural resources picture, volume 9
page 21
freshwater eel (fish)
eel volume 4 page 107
Friends, Society of (religious group): see
in index Quakers
friendship
child development volume 3 page 97
frilled lizard (reptile) picture, volume 7
page 170
Frissell, Mount (mountain in Connecticut,
U.S.)
Connecticut volume 3 page 184
Frobisher, Martin (English sailor and
explorer)
Northwest Territories volume 9 page 96
Nunavut volume 9 page 109
Frobisher Bay (city in Nunavut,
Canada): see in index Iqaluit
frog (hoof anatomy)
hoof volume 6 page 80
frog (amphibian)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 71
MORE TO EXPLORE
amphibian volume 1 page 110
images
bullfrog picture, volume 5 page 71
green tree frog picture, volume 1
page 110
leg picture, volume 7 page 123
prey of screech owl picture, volume 2
page 80
red-eyed tree frog picture, volume 5
page 71
tree frog in the rain picture, volume 11
page 21
urinary systems of humans and frogs
picture, volume 14 page 41
nest volume 9 page 37
From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil
E. Frankweiler (book by Konigsburg)
Konigsburg volume 7 page 76
frond (leaf )
ferns volume 5 page 11
palm volume 10 page 20
front crawl stroke (swimming): see in
index freestyle
Front for the Liberation of Mozambique
(political party in Mozambique)
Mozambique volume 8 page 200
frontier life (U.S. history): see in index
pioneer life
fruit (food)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 72, picture,
volume 5 page 72
MORE TO EXPLORE
Angolan woman carrying fruit picture,
volume 7 page 183
Michigan volume 8 page 117
New Jersey volume 9 page 50
vegetable volume 14 page 61
fruit bat (mammal)
wing picture, volume 1 page 182
Frunze (capital city of Kyrgyzstan): see in
index Bishkek
fuchsia (plant and flower)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 72, picture,
volume 5 page 72
fuel (technology)
fire volume 5 page 25
firefighting volume 5 page 25
internal combustion volume 6 page 140
rockets picture, volume 11 page 77
Fugitive Slave acts (U.S. legislation,
1793 and 1850)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 73, picture,
volume 5 page 73
MORE TO EXPLORE
Fillmore volume 5 page 21
Underground Railroad volume 14
page 9
Fuji, Mount (mountain in Japan)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 74, picture,
volume 5 page 74
MORE TO EXPLORE
Japan volume 7 page 12
volcano volume 14 page 101
Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park (park in
Japan)
national parks volume 9 page 15
Fujimori, Alberto (president of Peru)
Peru volume 10 page 65
Fujinomiya (city in Japan)
Mount Fuji volume 5 page 74
Fujiyama (mountain in Japan): see in
index Fuji, Mount
Fulani (people)
Guinea volume 5 page 169
Nigeria volume 9 page 68
Fulton, Robert (U.S. inventor)
submarine volume 12 page 197
fumarole (geology)
volcano volume 14 page 101
Funafuti Atoll (islands in Tuvalu)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 75
MORE TO EXPLORE
Tuvalu volume 13 page 121
traditional hut picture, volume 13
page 121
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
(laws of Connecticut colony, 1638)
Connecticut volume 3 page 184
Fundy, Bay of (bay in New Brunswick,
Canada)
Cape Enrage Lighthouse picture, volume
9 page 42
funerary art
sculpture volume 12 page 56
fungus (organism)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 75, picture,
volume 5 page 75
MORE TO EXPLORE
classification picture, volume 7 page 168
human disease volume 4 page 56
lichen volume 7 page 146
living thing volume 7 page 169
parasite volume 10 page 33
species on earth picture, volume 7
page 167
fur (animal hair and skin)
explorer in fur clothing picture, volume
10 page 48
fur trade volume 5 page 76
mink volume 8 page 134
musk-ox volume 8 page 218
muskrat volume 8 page 218
furrow (agriculture)
irrigation volume 6 page 161, picture,
volume 6 page 161
fur trade (industry)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 76
MORE TO EXPLORE
French America volume 1 page 105
94 frequency BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
Hudsons Bay Company volume 6
page 90
trading post picture, volume 5 page 76
Yukon volume 15 page 98
fuse (ignition device)
bomb volume 2 page 104
fuselage (aircraft structure)
airplane volume 1 page 54
fusion (nuclear): see in index nuclear
fusion
fusion music
jazz volume 7 page 16
g (unit of measure): see in index gram
Gabon (country in Africa)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 78, picture,
volume 5 page 78
Gaborone (capital city of Botswana)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 79
MORE TO EXPLORE
Botswana volume 2 page 116
diamonds picture, volume 5 page 79
Gadsden, James (U.S. politician and
businessman)
Gadsden Purchase volume 5 page 79
Gadsden Purchase (U.S. and Mexican
history)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 79, picture,
volume 5 page 80
MORE TO EXPLORE
Pierce volume 10 page 81
Gaea (Greek mythology)
Titans volume 13 page 70
Gagarin, Yury (Soviet cosmonaut)
exploration volume 4 page 174
space exploration volume 12 page 151
gag panel (humor)
cartoon volume 3 page 50
gait (animal locomotion)
horse volume 6 page 86
Galapagos Islands (islands in the Pacific
Ocean and Ecuador)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 80
MORE TO EXPLORE
Ecuador volume 4 page 102
Isabela Island picture, volume 5 page 81
Galapagos penguin (bird)
penguin volume 10 page 52
Galapagos tortoise
Galapagos Islands volume 5 page 80
galaxy (astronomy)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 81, picture,
volume 12 page 179
MORE TO EXPLORE
black hole volume 2 page 88
radiation volume 11 page 18
Small Magellanic Cloud picture, volume
14 page 37
universe volume 14 page 37
Whirlpool Galaxy picture, volume 5
page 81
Galen of Pergamum (Greco-Roman physician)
anatomy volume 1 page 115
medicine volume 8 page 93
Galileo (Italian philosopher, astronomer
and mathematician)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 82, picture,
volume 5 page 82
MORE TO EXPLORE
Inquisition volume 6 page 137
pendulum volume 10 page 52
telescope volume 13 page 39
Galileo (United States space probe)
Jupiter volume 7 page 41
Gallaudet, Thomas Hopkins (U.S. educator)
sign language volume 12 page 87
gallbladder (anatomy)
human digestive system picture, volume
4 page 47
proximity to liver picture, volume 7
page 167
galleon (sailing vessel)
ship volume 12 page 83
Gallipoli Peninsula (peninsula in Turkey)
Dardanelles volume 4 page 16
gallop (animal locomotion)
horse volume 6 page 86
Gama, Vasco da (Portuguese navigator)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 83, picture,
volume 5 page 83
MORE TO EXPLORE
Dias volume 4 page 45
Portugal volume 10 page 134
Gambia, The (country in Africa)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 84
MORE TO EXPLORE
images
musician picture, volume 8 page 214
peanut warehouse picture, volume 2
page 23
Senegal volume 12 page 67
Gambia River (river in western Africa)
Gambia volume 5 page 84
gambling
Nevada volume 9 page 41
game (recreation)
toy volume 13 page 83
gamete (biology)
chromosome volume 3 page 116
genetics volume 5 page 93
Gamla Stan (district in Stockholm, Sweden)
picture, volume 12 page 213
gamma ray (physics)
radiation volume 11 page 17
types of electromagnetic radiation
picture, volume 11 page 18
Gandhi, Indira (prime minister of India)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 85, picture,
volume 5 page 85
MORE TO EXPLORE
with son picture, volume 1 page 211
Gandhi, Mahatma (Indian leader)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 85, picture,
volume 5 page 86
MORE TO EXPLORE
caste volume 3 page 52
Hinduism volume 6 page 57
India volume 6 page 125
Nehru volume 9 page 30
Gandhi, Rajiv (prime minister of India)
with mother picture, volume 1 page 211
Ganges River (river in Asia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 86
MORE TO EXPLORE
Hinduism volume 6 page 57
pilgrimage volume 10 page 85
India volume 6 page 123
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Ganges River 95
gangsta rap (hip-hop music)
rap volume 11 page 27
Ganymede (moon of Jupiter)
Jupiter volume 7 page 41
Gao (city in Mali)
Songhai empire volume 12 page 133
garden (cultivated area of plants)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 87, picture,
volume 5 page 87
MORE TO EXPLORE
Keukenhof Gardens picture, volume 5
page 87
Riyadh picture, volume 11 page 69
garden asparagus (vegetable)
asparagus plants volume 1 page 209
garden beet (plant)
beet volume 2 page 46
garden eel (fish)
eel volume 4 page 108
Garden State (state in the U.S.): see in
index New Jersey
Garfield, James A. (president of the
U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 88, picture,
volume 5 page 88
MORE TO EXPLORE
assassination volume 1 page 211
timeline volume 5 page 88
gargoyle (architecture)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 89, picture,
volume 5 page 89
Garifuna (people)
Carib volume 3 page 41
garlic (plant and food)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 90, picture,
volume 5 page 90
garment (body covering): see in index
clothing
Garrick, David (English actor, poet and
producer)
theater volume 13 page 59
Garrison,William Lloyd (U.S. editor,
writer, and abolitionist) picture, volume
1 page 12
abolitionist movement volume 1 page 12
Garrison Dam (dam in North Dakota,
U.S.)
North Dakota volume 9 page 88
Garvey, Marcus (Jamaican leader)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 90, picture,
volume 5 page 91
gas (state of matter)
evaporation and condensation volume 4
page 166
matter volume 8 page 78, picture, volume
8 page 78
gas, natural: see in index natural gas
gas giant (astronomy)
Jupiter volume 7 page 41
Neptune volume 9 page 33
planets volume 10 page 92, picture, volume
10 page 93
Uranus volume 14 page 39
gasoline (fuel)
automobile volume 1 page 237
petroleum volume 10 page 68
gasoline engine
motorcycle volume 8 page 192
technology and invention volume 13
page 27
Gaspra (asteroid) picture, volume 1
page 213
gastric juice (biochemistry)
stomach volume 12 page 188
gastriole (cell part): see in index food
vacuole
gastropod (class of mollusks): see in index
slug; snail
Gates, Horatio (U.S. general)
American Revolution volume 1
page 101
Gateway Arch (monument in St. Louis,
Missouri, U.S.) picture, volume 8
page 146
Gateway of India (monument arch in
Mumbai, India) picture, volume 8
page 204
gaucho (South American cowboy)
cattle herding picture, volume 3 page 61,
picture, volume 14 page 42
Gaudi, Antoni (Spanish architect)
church of the Holy Family picture, volume
12 page 154
Gauguin, Paul (French painter)
painting volume 10 page 11
Van Gogh volume 14 page 56
Gaul (people)
ancient Rome volume 11 page 89
France volume 5 page 59
Gaul (ancient region in Europe)
Caesar volume 3 page 8
Franks volume 5 page 61
Gaza Strip (territory in the Middle East)
Arab-IsraeliWars volume 1 page 159
Palestine volume 10 page 19
gazelle (mammal)
antelope volume 1 page 138
gear (mechanics)
clock volume 3 page 140
machine volume 8 page 7
Geb (Egyptian god)
Re volume 11 page 31
gecko (reptile)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 92, picture,
volume 5 page 92
MORE TO EXPLORE
eye picture, volume 4 page 176
lizard volume 7 page 169
Gehry, Frank (U.S. architect)
architecture volume 1 page 172
Chicagos Millennium Park picture, volume
3 page 92
MARTa museum picture, volume 1
page 172
Geisel, Theodor Seuss (U.S. author and
illustrator): see in index Seuss, Dr.
gekko (reptile): see in index gecko
gem (mineral): see in index gemstone
Gemara (Jewish commentaries)
Talmud volume 13 page 14
Gemini (astronomy)
constellations volume 3 page 188
zodiac signs picture, volume 15
page 107
Gem State (state in the U.S.): see in index
Idaho
gemstone (mineral)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 7 page 23
MORE TO EXPLORE
crown of Queen Victoria picture, volume
7 page 24
crystal volume 3 page 226
naturally formed pearls in mollusk
shells picture, volume 7 page 24
96 gangsta rap BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
gene (biological heredity)
cell volume 3 page 67
DNA volume 4 page 60
evolution volume 4 page 170
genes and eye color picture, volume 5
page 94
genetics volume 5 page 93
general (military rank)
army volume 1 page 189
General Assembly (United Nations)
United Nations volume 14 page 22
general hospital (medical facility)
hospital volume 6 page 88
general-purpose bomb (military technology)
bomb volume 2 page 104
generator (machine)
electricity volume 4 page 121
Genesis (Old Testament)
Abraham volume 1 page 13
genetic disease
human disease volume 4 page 57
mutation volume 8 page 220
genetic engineering
genetics volume 5 page 95
genetics (science)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 93
MORE TO EXPLORE
anthropology volume 1 page 141
gender determination picture, volume 5
page 93
genes and eye color picture, volume 5
page 94
mutation volume 8 page 220
Geneva Convention
war volume 15 page 10
Genghis Khan (Mongolian emperor)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 95, picture,
volume 5 page 95
MORE TO EXPLORE
Mongol Empire volume 8 page 161
Mongolia volume 8 page 164
Genji monogatari (work by
Murasaki): see in index Tale of Genji,
The
Genoa (city in Italy)
portolan map, volume 3 page 126
geochronology (Earth science)
dinosaur picture, volume 4 page 53
geography (science)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 96
MORE TO EXPLORE
globe picture, volume 8 page 49
map picture, volume 5 page 96
geologic time
dinosaur volume 4 page 49
geologist
geology volume 5 page 97
geology (science)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 97, picture,
volume 5 page 97
MORE TO EXPLORE
Earth volume 4 page 90
volcano volume 14 page 101
geometry (mathematics)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 98
MORE TO EXPLORE
mathematics volume 8 page 77
George II (king of Great Britain)
Georgia volume 5 page 101
George III (king of Great Britain)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 99, picture,
volume 5 page 100
MORE TO EXPLORE
Declaration of Independence volume 4
page 24
George VI (king of the United Kingdom)
Elizabeth II volume 4 page 126
Georgetown (capital city of Guyana)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 100
MORE TO EXPLORE
Guyana volume 5 page 173
George Tupou I (king of Tonga)
Nukualofa volume 9 page 105
Georgia, Republic of (country in southwestern
Asia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 103
MORE TO EXPLORE
Tbilisi picture, volume 13 page 24
Georgia (state in the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 101
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
Centennial Olympic Park picture,
volume 1 page 219
Savannah oaks picture, volume 5
page 102
Stone Mountain Park carvings picture,
volume 5 page 102
history
Carter volume 3 page 46
Jackson volume 7 page 6
Georgian Bay (bay in Lake Huron,
Ontario, Canada)
Lake Huron volume 6 page 103
geranium (plant and flower)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 104, picture,
volume 5 page 104
gerbil (rodent)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 104, picture,
volume 5 page 104
MORE TO EXPLORE
rodent volume 11 page 80
gerenuk (mammal)
antelope types picture, volume 1
page 139
germ (grain seed)
grain volume 5 page 134
germ (organism that causes disease)
food poisoning volume 5
page 46
Pasteur volume 10 page 40
German Empire (historic country in
Europe)
Germany volume 5 page 106
Germanic languages
Europe volume 4 page 162
language volume 7 page 105
Germanic mythology (legends and stories
of Northern Europe): see in index
Norse mythology
Germanic peoples: see in index Alemanni;
Anglo-Saxon; Frank; Lombard;
Saxon;Walloon
Germanic religion and mythology (legends
and stories of Northern Europe):
see in index Norse mythology
German measles (disease): see in index
rubella
German Republic (German history): see
in indexWeimar Republic
German shepherd (breed of dog)
herding dogs table, volume 4 page 62
GermanWorkers Party (political party
in Germany): see in index Nazi Party
Germany (country in Europe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 105
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Germany 97
MORE TO EXPLORE
Black Forest farm picture, volume 5
page 105
decorative arts volume 4 page 25
history
colonialism
Dar es Salaam volume 4 page 16
Lome volume 7 page 174
Namibia volume 9 page 7
Nauru volume 9 page 22
Samoa volume 12 page 24
Tanzania volume 13 page 16
Europe volume 4 page 164
Holy Roman Empire volume 6
page 74
Italy volume 6 page 174
Lithuania volume 7 page 165
Netherlands volume 9 page 39
Norway volume 9 page 98
Poland volume 10 page 109
Prussia volume 10 page 161
Soviet Union volume 14 page 13
Ukraine volume 7 page 64, volume
14 page 7
Vilnius volume 14 page 91
Warsaw volume 15 page 14
Nazism
Hitler volume 6 page 64
Holocaust volume 6 page 71
Nazi Party volume 9 page 26
timeline volume 5 page 105
Wilson volume 15 page 47
WorldWar I volume 15 page 61
Lusitania volume 7 page 185
WorldWar II volume 15 page 65
refugees crossing wrecked bridge
picture, volume 11 page 41
people and culture
national anthem volume 9 page 13
outdoor restaurant in Munich picture,
volume 5 page 106
Germany, East (historical subdivision of
Germany)
Berlin volume 2 page 62
BIOMES
Biome
Desert
Forest
Grassland
Rain Forest
Taiga
Tundra
DESERTS
Gobi
Great Victoria Desert
Kalahari Desert
Sahara
EARTH MOVEMENTS
Avalanche
Earthquake
Glacier
Iceberg
Plate Tectonics
Ring of Fire
ISLANDS
Bermuda
East Indies
Falkland Islands
Florida Keys
French Polynesia
Galapagos Islands
Greenland
Guam
Island
Oceania
Puerto Rico
Reunion
Samoa
Tasmania
Tierra del Fuego
West Indies
LANDMARKS
Eiffel Tower
Great Barrier Reef
Great Wall of China
Kremlin
Liberty, Statue of
National Parks
Stonehenge
Taj Mahal
MAPPING
Atlas
Equator
Hemisphere
Latitude and
Longitude
Map and Globe
MOUNTAINS AND
OTHER LANDFORMS
Alps, The
Allegheny Mountains
Andes Mountains
Appalachian
Mountains
Black Hills
Blue Ridge
Mountains
Canyon
Cave
Death Valley
Etna, Mount
Everest, Mount
Fuji, Mount
Grand Canyon
Himalayas
Karakoram Range
Kilimanjaro, Mount
McKinley, Mount
Mountain
Olympus, Mount
Pyrenees
Rocky Mountains
Sierra Nevada
Ural Mountains
Valley
Vesuvius, Mount
Virunga Mountains
Volcano
OCEANS, SEAS, AND
LAKES
Adriatic Sea
Aegean Sea
Aral Sea
Arctic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Baltic Sea
Bering Sea
Black Sea
Caribbean Sea
Caspian Sea
Dead Sea
Erie, Lake
Great Lakes
Harbor
Hudson Bay
Huron, Lake
Indian Ocean
Lake
Mediterranean Sea
Mexico, Gulf of
Michigan, Lake
North Sea
Ocean
Ontario, Lake
Pacific Ocean
Red Sea
Superior, Lake
Tanganyika, Lake
Tide
Victoria, Lake
REGIONS
Arabian Peninsula
Asia Minor
Balkan Peninsula
Continent
Crimea
Fertile Crescent
Gibraltar
Middle East
Palestine
Tibet
Tropics
Yucatan Peninsula
RIVERS AND OTHER
WATERWAYS
Amazon River
Canal
Colorado River
Columbia River
Dardanelles
Delta
English Channel
Erie Canal
Euphrates River
Ganges River
Huang He
Indus River
Jordan River
Loire River
Mekong River
Mississippi River
Missouri River
Nile River
Ohio River
River
Saint Lawrence River
and Seaway
Sault Sainte Marie
Canals
Suez Canal
Thames River
Tigris River
Volga River
Waterfall
Yellow River
Yangtze River
Yukon River
WEATHER
Climate
Cloud
Drought
Seasons
Weather
WETLANDS
Bog
Everglades
Marsh
Okefenokee Swamp
Swamp
Wetland
For more about geography, look for these articles:
98 Germany BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
Germany volume 5 page 107
Germany,West (historical subdivision of
Germany)
Berlin volume 2 page 62
Germany volume 5 page 107
germination (botany)
seed volume 12 page 62
Geronimo (Apache leader)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 108, picture,
volume 5 page 108
MORE TO EXPLORE
Apache volume 1 page 144
gestation (reproduction)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 108, picture,
volume 5 page 109
MORE TO EXPLORE
mammals volume 8 page 37
Gettysburg, Battle of (American Civil
War, 1863)
American CivilWar volume 1 page 97
Gettysburg National Military Park picture,
volume 10 page 57
Lee volume 7 page 122
Gettysburg Address (work by Lincoln)
Lincoln volume 7 page 156
Gettysburg National Military Park
(national park in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania,
U.S.) picture, volume 10 page 57
geyser (geology)
volcano volume 14 page 101
Ghana (country inWest Africa)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 110, picture,
volume 5 page 110, picture, volume 5
page 111
MORE TO EXPLORE
Ashanti volume 1 page 197
medical researchers working in a laboratory
picture, volume 12 page 49
Ghana Empire (historical empire inWest
Africa)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 112
Ghirlandajo, Domenico (Italian painter)
Michelangelo volume 8 page 115
Ghost Dance (North American Indian
cult)
Wounded Knee volume 15 page 72
giant anaconda (reptile) picture, volume 1
page 113
anacondas volume 1 page 113
giant anteater (mammal) picture, volume
1 page 138
giant panda (mammal)
pandas volume 10 page 25
Giants Causeway (rock formation in
Northern Ireland, United Kingdom)
picture, volume 9 page 89
Giants (U.S. baseball team): see in index
San Francisco Giants
giant sea bass (fish)
bass volume 2 page 37
giant sequoia (tree)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 112, picture,
volume 5 page 113
MORE TO EXPLORE
conifer volume 3 page 182, picture, volume
3 page 183
Sequoia volume 12 page 70
Sierra Nevada volume 12 page 86
giant slalom (ski race)
Alpine skiing courses picture, volume 12
page 98
skiing volume 12 page 99
giant squid (mollusk)
legendary animals volume 1 page 128
squid volume 12 page 172
giant squirrel of Asia (rodent)
squirrel volume 12 page 173
giant tortoise (reptile)
Isabela Island picture, volume 5 page 81
Gibbet Island (island in New York,
U.S.): see in index Ellis Island
gibbon (primate)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 113, picture,
volume 5 page 113
MORE TO EXPLORE
apes volume 1 page 146
Gibraltar (British crown colony and peninsula)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 114
Gibraltar, Strait of (channel)
Gibraltar volume 5 page 114
Mediterranean Sea volume 8 page 94
Gila monster (reptile) picture, volume 7
page 170
lizard volume 7 page 170
gill (respiratory system)
amphibians volume 1 page 111
bivalve volume 2 page 84
fish volume 5 page 27, picture, volume
11 page 54
gilt (mammal)
pig volume 10 page 83
ginkgo (tree)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 115, picture,
volume 5 page 115
ginseng (herb)
herb volume 6 page 45
Ginza (district in Tokyo, Japan)
Tokyo volume 13 page 76
giraffe (mammal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 115, picture,
volume 5 page 116
MORE TO EXPLORE
Mount Kilimanjaro picture, volume 1
page 38
girder bridge (transportation structure):
see in index beam bridge
Girl Scouts (youth organization)
Arbor Day picture, volume 1 page 162
Indonesian Girl Scouts picture, volume
12 page 54
scouting volume 12 page 54
Girl Scouts of the U.S.A. (U.S. youth
organization)
scouting volume 12 page 54
Giving Tree, The (book by Silverstein)
Silverstein volume 12 page 90, picture,
volume 12 page 90
Giza, Pyramids of (pyramids in Egypt):
see in index Pyramids of Giza
gizzard (animal anatomy)
bird volume 2 page 77
glacial process (geomorphology): see in
index glaciation
glacial till (geology)
cross section of soil and glacial till picture,
volume 12 page 124
glaciation (geomorphology)
bog volume 2 page 99
glacier (ice sheet)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 116, picture,
volume 5 page 116
MORE TO EXPLORE
Alaska picture, volume 1 page 64
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA glacier 99
erosion volume 4 page 152, picture, volume
4 page 152
Greenland volume 5 page 157
ice age volume 6 page 106
iceberg volume 6 page 107
lake volume 7 page 102
Patagonia picture, volume 1 page 175
valley volume 14 page 53
Glacier National Park (national park in
Montana, U.S.)
Bearhat Mountain and Hidden Lake
picture, volume 8 page 174
gladiator (Roman sports)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 117, picture,
volume 5 page 117
MORE TO EXPLORE
boxing volume 2 page 119
gland (biology)
endocrine system volume 4 page 134,
picture, volume 4 page 135
gland system (anatomy and physiology):
see in index endocrine system
glandular fever (disease): see in index
mononucleosis
Glasgow (city in Scotland, United Kingdom)
Scottish Exhibition and Conference
Centre picture, volume 14 page 17
glasnost (Soviet government policy)
ColdWar volume 3 page 151
glass
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 118, picture,
volume 5 page 118, picture, volume 5
page 119
MORE TO EXPLORE
crystal volume 3 page 226
glassware picture, volume 15 page 35
glassblowing picture, volume 5 page 119
glass volume 5 page 118
Phoenicians volume 10 page 74
Tiffany vase picture, volume 4 page 25
glasses (optical aid): see in index eyeglasses
glaucoma (disease)
blindness volume 2 page 90
glaze (ceramics)
brick and tile volume 2 page 129
pottery volume 10 page 139
Glenn, John H., Jr. (U.S. astronaut)
space exploration volume 12 page 151
glider (aircraft)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 119, picture,
volume 5 page 119
MORE TO EXPLORE
airplane volume 1 page 57
Wright brothers volume 15 page 75
gliding (animal locomotion)
flying fish volume 5 page 39
global positioning system (navigation)
navigation volume 9 page 24
global warming (Earth science)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 120, picture,
volume 5 page 120
MORE TO EXPLORE
causes
climate volume 3 page 138
deforestation
rain forest burning volume 11
page 25
greenhouse effect volume 5 page 157
petroleum volume 10 page 68
pollution volume 10 page 118
effects
Arctic Ocean volume 1 page 174
glacier volume 5 page 117
environment volume 4 page 144
globe (cartography)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 8 page 48, picture,
volume 8 page 49, picture, volume 8
page 49
Globe Theatre (historic theater in London,
United Kingdom) picture, volume
13 page 58
theater volume 13 page 58
Gloss Mountain State Park (park in
Oklahoma, U.S.) picture, volume 9
page 130
glowworm (insect)
firefly volume 5 page 27
types of beetles picture, volume 2
page 49
glucagon (hormone)
endocrine system volume 4 page 136
pancreas volume 10 page 24
glucose (biochemistry)
diabetes volume 4 page 43
pancreas volume 10 page 24
gnomon (timekeeping device)
sundial volume 12 page 204, picture,
volume 12 page 204
gnu (mammal)
antelope volume 1 page 138
migration in Kenya picture, volume 8
page 125
Goa (island and state in India)
Gama volume 5 page 83
goal (sports)
ice hockey volume 6 page 68, picture,
volume 6 page 68
lacrosse volume 7 page 100
rugby volume 11 page 102
soccer volume 12 page 116, picture, volume
12 page 117
goalkeeper (sports)
ice hockey volume 6 page 68
soccer volume 12 page 117, picture, volume
12 page 118
goal line (sports)
football volume 5 page 48
rugby volume 11 page 102
soccer picture, volume 12 page 117
goalpost (sports)
rugby volume 11 page 102
goat (mammal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 121, picture,
volume 5 page 121
Gobi (desert in Asia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 122, picture,
volume 5 page 122
MORE TO EXPLORE
desert volume 4 page 40
Gobind Singh (Sikh Guru)
Sikhism volume 12 page 88
goby (fish)
fish volume 5 page 27
God (biblical)
Christianity volume 3 page 112
god (supreme being)
religion volume 11 page 42
Goddard, Robert H. (U.S. scientist)
rocket volume 11 page 77
God Save the Queen (British national
anthem)
national anthem volume 9 page 13
100 Glacier National Park BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
Godwin, MaryWollstonecraft (English
feminist): see in indexWollstonecraft,
Mary
Godwin Austen, Mount (mountain in
Asia): see in index K2
Goering, Hermann (German Nazi
leader): see in index Goring, Hermann
gold (chemical element)
alchemy volume 1 page 71
gold rush volume 5 page 123, picture,
volume 5 page 124
money volume 8 page 160
South African miners picture, volume 8
page 133
Gold Coast (historic region in Africa): see
in index Ghana
Gold Coast (historical British colony and
region in Africa)
Ashanti volume 1 page 198
golden anteater (mammal): see in index
two-toed anteater
golden eagle (bird)
eagle volume 4 page 86
Golden Gate Bridge (bridge in California,
U.S.) picture, volume 3 page 12
golden hamster (rodent) picture, volume
6 page 11
hamster volume 6 page 11
Golden Horde (western part of the Mongol
Empire)
Mongol Empire volume 8
page 162
golden jackal (mammal)
jackal volume 7 page 4
golden retriever (breed of dog)
sporting dogs table, volume 4
page 62
Golden State (state in the U.S.): see in
index California
Golden Temple (temple in Amritsar,
India): see in index Harimandir
goldfinch (bird)
American goldfinch picture, volume 5
page 21
finch volume 5 page 21
goldfish
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 123, picture,
volume 5 page 123
gold rush
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 123, picture,
volume 5 page 124
MORE TO EXPLORE
Black Hills volume 2 page 87
California: see in index California Gold
Rush
Denver volume 4 page 39
Idaho volume 6 page 112
Boise volume 2 page 100
Montana volume 6 page 34, volume 8
page 174
Yukon volume 15 page 98
golf (sport)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 124
MORE TO EXPLORE
water hazard picture, volume 5 page 126
golf ball (sports equipment)
golf volume 5 page 126
golf club (sports equipment)
golf volume 5 page 125
goliath heron (bird)
heron volume 6 page 47
gondola (boat)
canal volume 3 page 28
Venice volume 14 page 65, picture, volume
3 page 28, picture, volume 14
page 65
Gondwanaland (supercontinent)
plate tectonics volume 10 page 99
gong (musical instrument)
percussion instruments picture, volume
8 page 215
Gonzales, Alberto R. (U.S. attorney general)
picture, volume 6 page 61
Goodall, Jane (British scientist)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 126, picture,
volume 5 page 127
Good Friday (Christian holy day)
Easter volume 4 page 93
Good Friday Agreement (Ireland and
the United Kingdom, 1998): see in
index Belfast Agreement
Good Hope, Cape of (promontory of
South Africa)
Dias volume 4 page 45, picture, volume 4
page 44
Gama volume 5 page 83
Goodman, Benny (U.S. musician)
jazz volume 7 page 16
goods (things of economic value)
economics volume 4 page 100
manufacturing volume 8 page 46
trade volume 13 page 87
trading baseball cards picture, volume 13
page 88
goods wagon (railroad): see in index
freight car
gooney (seabird): see in index albatross
goose (bird)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 127
MORE TO EXPLORE
Canada goose picture, volume 5
page 127
Gorbachev, Mikhail (president of the
Soviet Union)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 128, picture,
volume 5 page 128
MORE TO EXPLORE
ColdWar volume 3 page 151
Gorbachev volume 11 page 33
Soviet Union volume 14 page 14
Yeltsin volume 15 page 89
Gore, Al (vice president of the U.S.)
Bush volume 2 page 156
electoral college volume 4
page 120
Goree Island (island in Senegal)
Dakar volume 4 page 7
gorge (landform)
canyon volume 3 page 31
valley volume 14 page 53
gorget (jewelry)
Mississippian gorget picture, volume 8
page 143
gorilla (primate)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 129, picture,
volume 5 page 129
MORE TO EXPLORE
apes volume 1 page 146
hand picture, volume 6 page 12
Gorillini (mammal tribe)
evolution picture, volume 6 page 94
human origins volume 6 page 94
Goring, Hermann (German Nazi leader)
Nurnberg trials picture, volume 9
page 110
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Goring, Hermann 101
gospel music (music)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 130, picture,
volume 5 page 130
Gospels (New Testament)
Bible volume 2 page 68
Christianity volume 3 page 113
Jesus Christ volume 7 page 22
Gothic architecture
architecture volume 1 page 170
cathedrals volume 3 page 60
Chartres Cathedral picture, volume 8
page 123
gourd (plant and food)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 130, picture,
volume 5 page 131
government
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 131
MORE TO EXPLORE
censorship volume 3 page 69
economics volume 4 page 101
human rights volume 6 page 96
Navajo Supreme Court justices picture,
volume 5 page 132
socialism volume 12 page 119
spy volume 12 page 169
students at the Arkansas Capitol picture,
volume 5 page 132
tax volume 13 page 20
Goyathlay (Apache leader): see in index
Geronimo
GPS (navigation): see in index global positioning
system
graft (surgery): see in index transplant
Graham, Martha (U.S. dancer)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 134, picture,
volume 5 page 134
MORE TO EXPLORE
dance volume 4 page 14
Grail (legendary cup): see in index Holy
Grail
grain (plant and food)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 134
MORE TO EXPLORE
barley volume 2 page 28
grains for sale at a market picture, volume
5 page 135
grasses volume 5 page 141
woman pouring millet picture, volume 5
page 135
gram (unit of measure)
common abbreviations table, volume 1
page 8
measurement volume 8 page 90
grammar (rules of a language)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 135
MORE TO EXPLORE
language volume 7 page 105
Granada (historical kingdom in Spain)
Moor volume 8 page 180
Gran Chaco (plain in South America)
Argentina volume 1 page 175
Gran Colombia (historic republic in
South America)
Colombia volume 3 page 153
Ecuador volume 4 page 103
Panama volume 10 page 22
Venezuela volume 14 page 64
Grand Bahama Canyon (submarine
landform in the Atlantic Ocean)
canyon formation volume 3 page 31
Grand Canal (canal in China)
canal volume 3 page 28
Grand Canal (canal in Venice, Italy)
Venice picture, volume 14 page 65
Grand Canyon (canyon in Arizona, U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 136, picture,
volume 5 page 136
MORE TO EXPLORE
Arizona volume 1 page 178
canyon volume 3 page 31
Colorado River volume 3 page 159
Coronado volume 3 page 200
erosion volume 4 page 152
images
church service picture, volume 4
page 93
Deer Creek picture, volume 3 page 31
Havasu Falls picture, volume 15
page 24
valley volume 14 page 53
Grand Canyon National Park (national
park in Arizona, U.S.)
Colorado River picture, volume 3
page 159
Deer Creek picture, volume 3 page 31
Grand Canyon volume 5 page 137
Grand Canyon State (state in the U.S.):
see in index Arizona see in index Grand
Canal
Grande Comore (island of Comoros): see
in index Ngazidja
Grande-Terre (island in Guadeloupe)
Guadeloupe volume 5 page 164
Grand Haven (city in Michigan, U.S.)
lighthouse picture, volume 8 page 116
Grand Mosque of Manama (mosque in
Manama, Bahrain) picture, volume 8
page 39
Grand Mosque of Tunis (mosque in
Tunis, Tunisia) picture, volume 13
page 108
Grand National Mosque (mosque in
Islamabad, Pakistan) picture, volume 6
page 166
Grand Ole Opry (music show in Nashville,
Tennessee, U.S.)
Nashville volume 9 page 11
Grand Place (square in Brussels, Belgium)
picture, volume 2 page 138
Grand Slam (golf )
Woods volume 15 page 60
Grand Slam (tennis)
tennis volume 13 page 46
Grand Teton National Park (national
park inWyoming, U.S.)
Wyoming picture, volume 15 page 79
Granger movement (U.S. farm coalition)
Iowa volume 6 page 146
granite (rock)
Concord volume 3 page 175
granite moss (plant)
moss volume 8 page 190
Granite State (state in the U.S.): see in
index New Hampshire
Grant, Ulysses S. (president of the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 137, picture,
volume 5 page 137
MORE TO EXPLORE
American CivilWar volume 1 page 96
Lee picture, volume 1 page 98
timeline volume 5 page 137
grape (vine and fruit)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 138, picture,
volume 5 page 139
MORE TO EXPLORE
fermentation volume 5 page 11
fruit picture, volume 5 page 72
102 gospel music BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
grape harvest in Italy picture, volume 6
page 172
grapefruit (tree and fruit)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 139, picture,
volume 5 page 139
MORE TO EXPLORE
citrus fruits volume 3 page 123
graph (diagram)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 140
graphic scale (cartography)
map and globe volume 8 page 49
grass (plant)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 141
MORE TO EXPLORE
images
American dog tick picture, volume 13
page 63
Central Park picture, volume 5
page 141
root system picture, volume 11
page 96
Strzelecki Desert picture, volume 12
page 145
marsh volume 8 page 60
grasshopper (insect)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 142, picture,
volume 5 page 142
MORE TO EXPLORE
digestive system picture, volume 4
page 48
exoskeleton picture, volume 6 page 139
invertebrate animals picture, volume 9
page 34
muscle attachment picture, volume 8
page 207
respiratory system picture, volume 11
page 54
sensory reception picture, volume 12
page 68
grasshopper warbler (bird) picture, volume
12 page 132
grassland (life zone)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 142, picture,
volume 5 page 143, picture, volume 5
page 143
MORE TO EXPLORE
biome volume 2 page 74
grass volume 5 page 141
gravity (physics)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 144, picture,
volume 5 page 144, picture, volume 5
page 144
MORE TO EXPLORE
black hole volume 2 page 87
erosion picture, volume 4 page 152
force volume 5 page 51
Moon volume 8 page 178
Newton volume 9 page 56
solar system volume 12 page 128
star volume 12 page 180
tides volume 13 page 64, picture, volume
13 page 64
water volume 15 page 23
gray fox (mammal)
fox volume 5 page 57
gray whale (mammal)
whale species picture, volume 15 page 37
gray wolf (mammal) picture, volume 15
page 54
wolf volume 15 page 54
grease
petroleum volume 10 page 68
Great Alfold (region in Hungary)
Hungary volume 6 page 100
great ape (primate)
apes volume 1 page 146
gibbon volume 5 page 113
Great Artesian Basin (basin in Australia)
South Australia volume 12 page 145
Great Atlantic Migration (international
history): see in index Atlantic Migration
Great Australian Basin (basin in Australia):
see in index Great Artesian Basin
great barracuda (fish) picture, volume 2
page 29
barracudas volume 2 page 29
Great Barrier Reef (reef in Australia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 145
MORE TO EXPLORE
Australia volume 1 page 229
coral volume 3 page 197, picture, volume
5 page 145
Queensland volume 11 page 10
Great Basin (region in the U.S.)
Native Americans volume 9 page 18
Great Basin Indian (Native American
people): see in index Comanche; Paiute;
Shoshone; Ute
Great Bermuda (island in the Bermuda,
Atlantic Ocean)
Bermuda volume 2 page 62
great blue heron (bird) picture, volume 6
page 47
bill structure and eating habits picture,
volume 2 page 77
heron volume 6 page 47
Great Britain (island in Europe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 145
Great Britain (island country in Europe):
see in index United Kingdom
Great Britain and Northern Ireland,
United Kingdom of (island country in
Europe): see in index United Kingdom
Great Charter (English charter, 1215):
see in index Magna Carta
Great Colombia (historic republic in
South America): see in index Gran
Colombia
Great Crash, The (U.S. history): see in
index Stock Market Crash of 1929
Great Dane (breed of dog)
dog table, volume 4 page 62
Great Depression (economy)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 146
MORE TO EXPLORE
banking volume 2 page 25
Dust Bowl volume 4 page 84
Hoover volume 6 page 81
Roosevelt, Eleanor volume 11 page 91
Roosevelt, Franklin volume 11 page 93
soup and bread line picture, volume 5
page 146
United States volume 14 page 30
Great Dividing Range (mountain range
in Australia)
Australia volume 1 page 229
Queensland volume 11 page 10
Great Dyke (hill region in Zimbabwe)
Zimbabwe volume 15 page 105
Great Enclosure (ancient structure, Great
Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe)
Great Zimbabwe volume 5 page 150
Greater Antilles (island group of the
West Indies)
West Indies volume 15 page 32
greater roadrunner (bird)
roadrunner volume 11 page 71
Great Expectations (work by Dickens)
Dickens volume 4 page 45
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Great Expectations 103
Great Lakes (lake system in North
America)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 147
MORE TO EXPLORE
history
Champlain volume 3 page 81
Pontiac volume 10 page 123
North America volume 9 page 79
Saint Lawrence River and Seaway volume
12 page 13
United States volume 14 page 26
Great Lakes State (state in the U.S.): see
in index Michigan
Great Leap Forward (Chinese history)
China volume 3 page 104
Mao volume 8 page 48
Great Man-Made River (aqueduct in
Libya, Africa)
Libya volume 7 page 144
Great Migration (African American history)
African Americans volume 1 page 44
Great Mosque (mosque in Mecca, Saudi
Arabia): see in index Haram Mosque, al-
Great Oyster Bay (island in New York,
U.S.): see in index Liberty Island
Great Plains (region of North America)
Coronado volume 3 page 200
United States volume 14 page 24
Great Pyramid (pyramid in Egypt)
pyramid volume 10 page 171
Great Red Spot (storm system on Jupiter)
Jupiter volume 7 page 41
Great Rift Valley (geological feature in
Africa and Asia)
Africa volume 1 page 38
Malawi volume 8 page 26
Great Salt Lake (lake in Utah, U.S.)
lake volume 7 page 102
salt crystals picture, volume 14 page 45
Great Serpent Mound (anthropological
site in Ohio, U.S.)
Adena culture volume 1 page 29
great silver water beetle (insect)
types of beetles picture, volume 2
page 49
Great Smoky Mountains (mountain
range, North Carolina and Tennessee,
U.S.)
North Carolina volume 9 page 85, picture,
volume 9 page 85
Tennessee volume 13 page 43
Great Society (United States policy)
Johnson volume 7 page 29
Great Sphinx (monument at Giza,
Egypt)
ancient Egypt volume 4 page 114
sphinx volume 12 page 163, picture,
volume 12 page 163
great spotted woodpecker (bird) picture,
volume 15 page 58
Great Temple (archaeological site in
Egypt): see in index Abu Simbel
Great Temple (Judaism): see in index
Jerusalem, Temple of
Great Trek (South African history)
South Africa volume 12 page 138
Great Victoria Desert (desert, Australia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 148
GreatWall of China (fortress-wall in
China)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 148, picture,
volume 5 page 149
GreatWar (1914-18): see in indexWorld
War I
great white shark (fish): see in index
white shark
Great Zimbabwe (ancient city in Zimbabwe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 149, picture,
volume 5 page 149
MORE TO EXPLORE
civilization volume 3 page 127
Zimbabwe volume 15 page 106
Greco, El (Spanish painter)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 150, picture,
volume 5 page 150
Greco-PersianWars (ancient history): see
in index PersianWars
Greco-Roman wrestling (sport)
wrestling volume 15 page 73
Greco-Turkish wars (European history,
1917-22)
Greece volume 5 page 152
Greece (country in Europe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 151
MORE TO EXPLORE
folk dance picture, volume 5 page 153
geography
Aegean Sea volume 1 page 34
Athens picture, volume 1 page 218
Delphi temple ruins picture, volume 4
page 33, picture, volume 5 page 154
Mount Olympus volume 9 page 135
Oia picture, volume 5 page 152
history
ancient Greece: see in index Greece,
ancient
Cyprus volume 3 page 236
Nicosia volume 9 page 66
timeline volume 5 page 151
Greece, ancient (historic region in Eurasia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 154
MORE TO EXPLORE
arts
architecture volume 1 page 169
temple volume 13 page 42
Tholos at Delphi picture, volume 5
page 154
calligraphy volume 3 page 15
dance volume 4 page 13
drama volume 4 page 73, volume 13
page 58
mosaic picture, volume 5 page 155
painting volume 10 page 8
pottery picture, volume 10 page 139
sculpture volume 12 page 56, picture,
volume 2 page 134
banking volume 2 page 25
government and law
human rights volume 6 page 97
law volume 7 page 117
history
Aegean civilization volume 1 page 33
ancient Rome volume 11 page 88
city-state volume 3 page 126
empire volume 4 page 131
Europe volume 4 page 163
PersianWars volume 10 page 63
polar exploration volume 10 page 110
people and culture
delta volume 4 page 33
fig volume 5 page 18
laurel volume 7 page 116
mythology volume 8 page 223
olive volume 9 page 131
slavery volume 12 page 106
sphinx volume 12 page 163
104 Great Lakes BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
philosophy volume 10 page 73
science and technology
anatomy volume 1 page 115
brass volume 2 page 123
mining volume 8 page 134
robot volume 11 page 74
sundial volume 12 page 204
sports volume 12 page 168
archery volume 1 page 166
boxing volume 2 page 119
Olympic Games volume 9 page 134
swimming volume 12 page 217
wrestling volume 15 page 73
Greek alphabet
alphabet volume 1 page 89
Greek CivilWar (Greek history)
Greece volume 5 page 153
Greek language
Aegean civilization volume 1 page 34
Bible picture, volume 2 page 68
Greek mythology (legends and stories of
ancient Greece)
Athena volume 1 page 217
images
Hades picture, volume 6 page 5
Poseidon picture, volume 10 page 135
sphinx volume 12 page 163
Greek Orthodox Church (Christianity):
see in index Eastern Orthodox Churches
Greek pottery
vase picture, volume 12 page 160
Greek temple (architecture)
architecture volume 1 page 169
green (color)
light picture, volume 3 page 155
pigment picture, volume 3 page 156
green (golf )
golf volume 5 page 125
green frog (amphibian): see in index
green tree frog
green heron (bird)
heron volume 6 page 47
greenhouse effect (atmospheric
science)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 157, picture,
volume 5 page 157
MORE TO EXPLORE
fossil fuel volume 5 page 56
global warming volume 5 page 120
greenhouse gas (atmospheric science)
climate volume 3 page 138
global warming volume 5 page 120
greenhouse effect volume 5
page 157
Greenland (island and dependency of
Denmark)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 157
MORE TO EXPLORE
glacier volume 5 page 116
history
Eriksson volume 7 page 126
Peary volume 10 page 48
travel by dogsled picture, volume 5
page 158
Greenland Sea (extension of the Arctic
Ocean)
Arctic Ocean volume 1
page 172
green mamba (snake)
hatching from egg picture, volume 12
page 115
Green Mountain Boys (U.S. history)
Allen volume 1 page 83
Green Mountains (mountain range in
Vermont, U.S.)
Vermont volume 14 page 68
Green Mountain State (state in the
U.S.): see in index Vermont
green peacock (bird)
peacock volume 10 page 46
Green Revolution (agricultural and
political movement)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 159
Green Room (room in the White House,
Washington, D.C.) picture, volume 15
page 42
green tiger beetle (insect)
types of beetles picture, volume 2
page 49
green tree frog (amphibian) picture, volume
1 page 110
green tree python (snake) picture, volume
10 page 172
green tree snake (reptile)
various snakes picture, volume 12
page 113
green violet-ear hummingbird picture,
volume 6 page 98
Greenwich meridian (geography)
hemisphere volume 6 page 38
latitude and longitude volume 7
page 114
time and time zones volume 13
page 67
Gregorian calendar
calendar volume 3 page 10
Gregory IX (pope)
Inquisition volume 6 page 137
Gregory XIII (pope)
calendar volume 3 page 10
Gregory the Illuminator (Armenian
apostle)
Khor Virap monastery picture, volume 1
page 184
Gremlins, The (novel by Dahl)
Dahl volume 4 page 5
Grenada (island country in theWest
Indies)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 160
MORE TO EXPLORE
Saint Georges picture, volume 12
page 11
grenade (military technology)
bomb volume 2 page 104
Grenadines (islands in theWest Indies)
Grenada volume 5 page 160
Gretzky,Wayne (Canadian athlete)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 161, picture,
volume 5 page 161
Grevys zebra
zebra volume 15 page 102
greyhound (breed of dog)
hound breeds table, volume 4 page 62
Griffin,Walter Burley (U.S. architect)
Canberra volume 3 page 29
Grimaldi family (Italian family)
Monaco volume 8 page 158
Grimke, Angelina (U.S. abolitionist)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 161, picture,
volume 5 page 162
Grimke, Sarah (U.S. abolitionist)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 161, picture,
volume 5 page 162
Grimm brothers (German folklorists)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 162, picture,
volume 5 page 162
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Grimm brothers 105
MORE TO EXPLORE
folktale volume 5 page 43
literature for children volume 7
page 164
Grimms Fairy Tales (work by Jacob
Grimm andWilhelm Grimm)
Grimm brothers volume 5 page 163
literature for children volume 7
page 164
Pied Piper of Hamelin picture, volume 5
page 162
Grito de Dolores (Mexican history)
Hidalgo y Costilla volume 6 page 52
grizzly bear (mammal)
bear volume 2 page 41
Groot Trek (South African history): see in
index Great Trek
Gros and Petit Pitons (geologic formation
in Saint Lucia)
Soufriere picture, volume 12 page 14
Groseilliers, Medart Chouart, sieur de
(French fur trader)
fur trade volume 5 page 76
Grossglockner (mountain in Austria)
Austria volume 1 page 233
Gros Ventre (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 163, picture,
volume 5 page 163
ground attack aircraft: see in index attack
aircraft
groundhog (rodent)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 164, picture,
volume 5 page 164
MORE TO EXPLORE
hibernation volume 6 page 49
Groundhog Day (weather folklore)
groundhog volume 5 page 164
ground ice (geology): see in index permafrost
groundnut (plant and food): see in index
peanut
ground squirrel (rodent)
hibernation volume 6 page 49
groundwater (water below Earths surface)
water cycle picture, volume 15 page 23
growth (biology)
living thing volume 7 page 168
pituitary gland picture, volume 4
page 136
growth hormone (biochemical compound)
pituitary gland picture, volume 4
page 136
guacamole (food)
avocado volume 1 page 238
Guadalcanal Island (island in Solomon
Islands)
Honiara volume 6 page 78
Guadalupe Hidalgo, Treaty of (Mexico-
U.S., 1848)
MexicanWar volume 8 page 109
Guadeloupe (French overseas department
in the Caribbean Sea)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 164
MORE TO EXPLORE
Marigot market picture, volume 5
page 165
Guaitara River (river in South America)
church in Colombia picture, volume 3
page 153
Guam (island and U.S. territory in the
Pacific Ocean)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 165
guanine (chemical compound)
DNA volume 4 page 61
Guarani (Native American people)
Asuncion volume 1 page 216
Paraguay volume 10 page 31
South America volume 12 page 144
Guatemala (country in Central America)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 166, picture,
volume 5 page 167
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
Guatemala City picture, volume 5
page 168
Mayan temple ruins picture, volume 3
page 75
people and culture
Roman Catholic church picture, volume
7 page 112
vegetable market picture, volume 3
page 75
Guatemala City (capital city of Guatemala)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 168, picture,
volume 5 page 168
MORE TO EXPLORE
Guatemala volume 5 page 166
Gudena River (river in Denmark)
Denmark volume 4 page 36
Guernica (work by Picasso)
Picasso volume 10 page 80
guide dog
cerebral palsy picture, volume 3
page 77
Guides (youth organization): see in index
Girl Scouts
guild (trade association)
labor volume 7 page 96
Guinea (country in Africa)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 169
Guinea-Bissau (country in Africa)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 170
guinea pig (rodent)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 171, picture,
volume 5 page 171
MORE TO EXPLORE
rodent volume 11 page 80
guitar (musical instrument)
stringed instruments picture, volume 8
page 216
Guiteau, Charles J. (U.S. politician)
Garfields assassination volume 5
page 89
Gulf of: see in index under the specific part
of the name, for example, Mexico, Gulf
of except as found below
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (U.S. policy,
1964)
VietnamWar volume 14 page 87
GulfWar (1991): see in index Persian
GulfWar
gull (bird)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 171, picture,
volume 5 page 171
Gullivers Travels (work by Swift)
literature for children volume 7
page 163
gum (anatomy)
mouth anatomy picture, volume 8
page 197
teeth volume 13 page 31
gum tree: see in index eucalyptus
106 Grimms Fairy Tales BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
gun (weapon)
castle volume 3 page 54
war volume 15 page 10
tanks picture, volume 15 page 10
weapon volume 15 page 26
Whitney volume 15 page 43
gunpowder (explosive)
army volume 1 page 190
technology and invention volume 13
page 26
war volume 15 page 10
weapon volume 15 page 25
Gupta Dynasty (Indian dynasty)
India volume 6 page 124
guru (Sikh teacher)
Sikhism volume 12 page 87
Guru Granth Sahib (Sikh sacred
scripture): see in index Adi Granth
Gustav II Adolf (king of Sweden)
Sweden volume 12 page 214
Gutenberg, Johannes (German printer)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 172
MORE TO EXPLORE
book and bookmaking volume 2
page 110
Gutenberg Bible picture, volume 5
page 172
literature volume 7 page 162
newspaper volume 9 page 55
printing volume 10 page 153, picture,
volume 10 page 152
Gutenberg Bible picture, volume 5
page 172
Gutenberg volume 5 page 172
gutra (headdress) picture, volume 11
page 4
Guyana (country in South America)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 173
Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev (king
of Nepal)
coronation, June 4, 2001 picture, volume
8 page 159
Nepal volume 9 page 32
gymnastics
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 174,
picture, volume 5 page 174, picture, volume
5 page 175, picture, volume 5
page 176
MORE TO EXPLORE
Olympic Games volume 9 page 133
gypsum (mineral)
chalk volume 3 page 79
Gypsy (people): see in index Rom
gyrfalcon (bird)
falcon volume 5 page 5
gyrocompass (navigation instrument)
compass volume 3 page 171
gyroscope
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 176, picture,
volume 5 page 176
MORE TO EXPLORE
compass volume 3 page 171
habitat (living-environment of a particular
life form)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 4, picture,
volume 6 page 4
MORE TO EXPLORE
endangered species volume 4 page 133
extinct animals volume 1 page 126
Habitat for Humanity (philanthropic
organization)
Carter volume 3 page 47
Habsburg, House of (European
dynasty): see in index Hapsburgs
Hades (Greek god)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 4, picture,
volume 6 page 5
MORE TO EXPLORE
Demeter volume 4 page 34
Orpheus and Eurydice volume 9
page 152
Poseidon volume 10 page 135
Hades (mythical place)
Hermes volume 6 page 47
HadriansWall (ancient Roman wall in
England, United Kingdom) picture,
volume 4 page 131
Haggard, Merle (U.S. singer)
country music volume 3 page 208
Hagia Sophia (church in Istanbul, Turkey)
picture, volume 13 page 112
architecture volume 1 page 169
Istanbul volume 6 page 171
Hague, The (parliamentary and judicial
capital of The Netherlands)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 5, picture,
volume 6 page 6
MORE TO EXPLORE
Netherlands, The volume 9 page 38
Hahnemann, Samuel (German physician)
homeopathy volume 6 page 76
Haida (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 6
MORE TO EXPLORE
British Columbia volume 2 page 132
Haida wood caring picture, volume 6
page 6
Haifa (city in Israel) picture, volume 6
page 170
haiku (Japanese poetry)
Basho volume 2 page 33
poetry volume 10 page 106
hail (weather)
storm volume 12 page 192
hailstorm (weather)
storm volume 12 page 192
hair (anatomy)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 7
MORE TO EXPLORE
cosmetics volume 3 page 202
mammal volume 8 page 36, picture, volume
8 page 36
hairy-footed pygmy gerbil (rodent) picture,
volume 5 page 104
hairy hedgehog (mammal)
hedgehog volume 6 page 34
Haiti (country in theWest Indies)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 8
MORE TO EXPLORE
history
Dominican Republic volume 4
page 66
Toussaint Louverture volume 13
page 83, picture, volume 13
page 83
La Citadelle Laferriere picture, volume 6
page 9
man selling paintings picture, volume 6
page 8
parade picture, volume 10 page 130
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Haiti 107
hajj (Islam)
Islam volume 6 page 164
Mecca volume 8 page 91
pilgrimage volume 10 page 85
Hale, Sarah Josepha (U.S. author)
Thanksgiving volume 13 page 57
half-pipe course (snowboarding) picture,
volume 12 page 100
Halifax (provincial capital of Nova
Scotia, Canada)
Nova Scotia volume 9 page 101
Halla, Mount (mountain in South
Korea)
South Korea volume 7 page 82
Halleys Comet (astronomy)
comet volume 3 page 166
Halloween
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 10
MORE TO EXPLORE
costumes picture, volume 6 page 10
halo (art) picture, volume 7 page 22
halogen (family of chemical elements)
periodic table table, volume 3 page 86
Halonen, Tarja (president of Finland)
picture, volume 11 page 53
Finland volume 5 page 23
Haman (biblical figure)
Purim volume 10 page 168
hamantaschen (pastry)
Purim volume 10 page 168
Hamasaka (Kwakiutl chief ) picture, volume
7 page 93, picture, volume 7
page 93
Hamilton (capital city of Bermuda)
Bermuda volume 2 page 62
Hamilton, Alexander (U.S. statesman)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 10, picture,
volume 6 page 10
MORE TO EXPLORE
Adams volume 1 page 23
Federalist papers volume 5 page 9, picture,
volume 5 page 9
Jefferson volume 7 page 18
Hamm, Mia (U.S. athlete) picture, volume
12 page 118
hammerhead shark (fish) picture, volume
12 page 77
Hammerin Hank (U.S. baseball player):
see in index Aaron, Hank
hammer throw (athletics)
track and field volume 13 page 86, picture,
volume 13 page 85
hammock (landform)
Everglades volume 4 page 168
Hammurabi (king of Babylon) picture,
volume 3 page 127
law volume 7 page 117
Mesopotamia volume 8 page 104
stone carving picture, volume 7 page 117
Hampton University (university in
Hampton, Virginia, U.S.)
Washington volume 15 page 17
hamster (rodent)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 11, picture,
volume 6 page 11
MORE TO EXPLORE
rodent volume 11 page 80
Han (Asian people)
China volume 3 page 101
Hancock, John (U.S. statesman)
Revere volume 11 page 57
Hancock,Winfield Scott (U.S. military
officer)
Garfield volume 5 page 88
hand (anatomy)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 12, picture,
volume 6 page 12
MORE TO EXPLORE
arthritis picture, volume 1 page 191
primate volume 10 page 148
handicap (medical disorder): see in index
disability
handlebars (vehicle parts)
motorcycle volume 8 page 192
handset (communications device)
telephone volume 13 page 36
handwriting: see in index calligraphy
Handy,W. C. (U.S. composer)
blues volume 2 page 95
Hannibal (Carthaginian general, 247-
183 BC)
Carthage volume 3 page 48
Hannu (Egyptian explorer)
exploration volume 4 page 173
Hanoi (capital city of Vietnam)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 13
MORE TO EXPLORE
bridge and pagoda picture, volume 6
page 13
Vietnam volume 14 page 84
Hansberry, Lorraine (U.S. playwright)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 14, picture,
volume 6 page 14
Hanseatic League (German trading organization)
Baltic Sea volume 2 page 17
Hanukkah (Judaism)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 14, picture,
volume 6 page 15
Hapsburgs (European dynasty)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 15, picture,
volume 6 page 15
MORE TO EXPLORE
Holy Roman Empire volume 6 page 75
Hungary volume 6 page 102
Netherlands, The volume 9 page 39
Spain volume 12 page 155
Switzerland volume 12 page 219
Vienna volume 14 page 82
Harald III Sigurdsson (king of Norway)
Oslo volume 9 page 154
Haram Mosque, al- (mosque in Mecca,
Saudi Arabia) picture, volume 8 page 91
Harappa (ancient city in Pakistan)
Indus Valley civilization volume 6
page 135
ruins picture, volume 3 page 125
Harare (capital city of Zimbabwe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 16, picture,
volume 6 page 16
harbor
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 17
MORE TO EXPLORE
Dubrovnik picture, volume 6 page 17
Moroni picture, volume 8 page 185
Valletta picture, volume 14 page 52
harbor porpoise (mammal) picture, volume
10 page 129
porpoise volume 10 page 129
hard-bodied tick (arachnid): see in index
hard tick
hard drive (computing)
computer volume 3 page 173
108 hajj BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
Harding,Warren G. (president of the
U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 18, picture,
volume 6 page 18
MORE TO EXPLORE
timeline volume 6 page 18
hard magnet (physics)
magnet volume 8 page 19
hardness (physical quality)
mineral volume 8 page 132
hard palate (anatomy)
anatomy of mouth picture, volume 8
page 197
hard tick (arachnid)
tick and mite volume 13 page 63
Hard Times (work by Dickens)
Dickens volume 4 page 45
hardware (computing)
computer volume 3 page 172
electronic games volume 4 page 122
hardwood (type of tree)
forest volume 5 page 53
hare (mammal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 11 page 13
MORE TO EXPLORE
jackrabbit picture, volume 11 page 13
Hare and the Tortoise, The (fable by
Aesop)
Aesop picture, volume 1 page 35
fable volume 5 page 4
Harijan (Hindu social class): see in index
untouchable
Harimandir (temple in Amritsar, India)
picture, volume 6 page 124
Sikhism volume 12 page 88
Harlem Renaissance (U.S. cultural
movement)
Hughes volume 6 page 91
harmony (music)
music volume 8 page 213
Harney Peak (mountain in South
Dakota, U.S.)
South Dakota volume 12 page 149
Harold II (king of England)
Norman Conquest volume 9 page 78
harp (musical instrument family)
musical instruments volume 8 page 215
stringed instruments picture, volume 8
page 216
Harpers Ferry (town inWest Virginia,
U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 19
Harpers Ferry National Historical Park
(park inWest Virginia, U.S.)
Harpers Ferry volume 6 page 20
Harpers Ferry Raid (U.S. history)
Brown volume 2 page 136
Harpers Ferry volume 6 page 19, picture,
volume 6 page 19
harpsichord (musical instrument)
musical instruments volume 8 page 217
harquebus (gun)
weapon volume 15 page 26
Harrisburg (state capital of Pennsylvania,
U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 20, picture,
volume 6 page 20
MORE TO EXPLORE
Pennsylvania volume 10 page 55
Harrisburg Symphony Orchestra
(orchestra of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania)
picture, volume 6 page 20
Harrison, Benjamin (president of the
U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 20, picture,
volume 6 page 21
MORE TO EXPLORE
electoral college volume 4 page 120
timeline volume 6 page 20
Harrison, George (British musician)
the Beatles volume 2 page 42
Harrison,William Henry (president of
the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 22, picture,
volume 6 page 22
MORE TO EXPLORE
Indiana volume 6 page 127
timeline volume 6 page 22
Tyler volume 13 page 122
War of 1812 volume 15 page 13
Harry Potter and the Philosophers
Stone (work by Rowling)
Rowling volume 11 page 99
Hartford (state capital of Connecticut,
U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 23
MORE TO EXPLORE
Connecticut volume 3 page 184
Mark Twain home picture, volume 3
page 185
State Capitol building picture, volume 6
page 24
Hartford Courant (U.S. newspaper)
Hartford volume 6 page 24
Hartland (town in New Brunswick,
Canada)
covered bridge picture, volume 9 page 43
Hartog, Dirck (Dutch explorer)
Australia volume 1 page 231
Harvard University (university in Cambridge,
Massachusetts, U.S.) picture,
volume 8 page 73
Boston volume 2 page 114
football volume 5 page 50
Massachusetts volume 8 page 72
harvester ant (insect)
nest picture, volume 1 page 133
Hashimite Kingdom of Jordan: see in
index Jordan
hashish (hallucinogenic drug)
assassination volume 1 page 210
Hashshashin (Islamic group): see in index
Assassin
hat
early 1900s fashion picture, volume 3
page 141
hatching (reproductive process)
green mamba picture, volume 12
page 115
hatching (drawing technique)
drawing volume 4 page 75
Hatha Yoga
yoga volume 15 page 93
Hatshepsut (queen of Egypt)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 24, picture,
volume 6 page 24
MORE TO EXPLORE
pharaoh volume 10 page 69
Hatteras Island (island in North Carolina,
U.S.)
Cape Hatteras National Seashore picture,
volume 9 page 86
Haudenosaunee (Native American
people): see in index Iroquois
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Haudenosaunee 109
Hausa (people)
Nigeria volume 9 page 68
Havana (capital city of Cuba)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 25
MORE TO EXPLORE
cathedral picture, volume 3 page 228
Cuba volume 3 page 227
musicians picture, volume 3 page 228
Havasu Falls (waterfall in Arizona, U.S.)
picture, volume 15 page 24
Havel, Vaclav (president of Czech
Republic)
Czechoslovakia volume 3 page 238
Czech Republic volume 3 page 240
Hawaii (state and islands in the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 26
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography and climate
cliffs and Pacific Ocean picture, volume
6 page 26
island volume 6 page 167
Kilauea eruption picture, volume 6
page 27
Waikiki picture, volume 6 page 79
history
Asian Americans volume 1 page 206
Cook volume 3 page 193
Hawaii (island in Hawaii, U.S.)
Hawaiian geography volume 6 page 26
rainbow arcs over a beach in Hawaii
picture, volume 11 page 22
Hawaiian Islands (islands in the Pacific
Ocean): see in index Hawaii
Hawaiki (mythological land)
Maori volume 8 page 47
hawk (bird)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 28, picture,
volume 6 page 28
hawthorn (tree and shrub)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 28, picture,
volume 6 page 29
Hayes, Denis (U.S. organizer of Earth
Day)
Earth Day volume 4 page 91
Hayes, George (U.S. lawyer)
school desegregation decision picture,
volume 1 page 44
Hayes, Rutherford B. (president of the
U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 29, picture,
volume 6 page 29
MORE TO EXPLORE
electoral college volume 4 page 120
Reconstruction volume 11 page 35
timeline volume 6 page 29
hay fever (medical disorder)
pollen volume 10 page 117
hazard (golf )
golf volume 5 page 125
water hazard picture, volume 5
page 126
hazelnut (nut and tree)
nut volume 9 page 112, picture, volume
9 page 112
HDL (biochemistry): see in index highdensity
lipoprotein
HDTV (electronics): see in index high
definition TV
He (chemical element): see in index
helium
head (anatomy)
ant volume 1 page 133
insect volume 6 page 138, picture, volume
6 page 138
head cabbage (plant)
cabbage volume 3 page 4
head lettuce (vegetable)
lettuce volume 7 page 135
health
exercise volume 4 page 172
Health and Human Services, U.S.
Department of (U.S. government
agency)
U.S. government executive departments
table, volume 14 page 35
health care (medical treatment and insurance
coverage): see in index medicine;
public health
hearing (sense)
senses volume 12 page 68, picture, volume
12 page 68
hearing-impaired: see in index deafness
heart (anatomy)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 30
MORE TO EXPLORE
cardiovascular system volume 3 page 38,
picture, volume 3 page 39
blood flow picture, volume 3 page 38
human heart picture, volume 6 page 31
muscle volume 8 page 209
human cardiac muscle picture, volume
8 page 209
patient on heart machine picture, volume
6 page 31
heartbeat (physiology)
heart volume 6 page 31
patient testing heart on machine picture,
volume 6 page 31
heart disease
heart volume 6 page 32
human disease volume 4 page 57
hearth (home fireplace)
Hestia volume 6 page 48
heart muscle (anatomy): see in index cardiac
muscle
heartworm (worm)
animal disease volume 4 page 56
heat (form of energy)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 32
MORE TO EXPLORE
cooking picture, volume 6 page 32
energy volume 4 page 137
evaporation and condensation volume 4
page 166
firefighting volume 5 page 25
fireplace picture, volume 5 page 24
radiation volume 11 page 17
steel mill picture, volume 5 page 25
heat conduction (physics): see in index
conduction
Acupuncture
Adolescence
Aging
Antibiotic
Burn and Scald
Child
Development
Cholesterol
Death
Disability
Drug
Epidemic
Exercise
Food and
Nutrition
Food Poisoning
Homeopathy
Hormone
Medicine
Memory
Public Health
Surgery
Transplant
Vaccine
Virus
Vitamins
To learn about some health issues,
look for these articles:
110 Hausa BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
heath (plant)
bog volume 2 page 99
heather volume 6 page 33
heather (plant and flower)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 33, picture,
volume 6 page 33
heat-sensitive organ (anatomy)
rattlesnake volume 11 page 29
Heaven, Temple of (temple in Beijing,
China) picture, volume 2 page 50
heavy horse (mammal)
horse volume 6 page 86
heavyweight (weight class in boxing)
boxing volume 2 page 118
Hebrew (ancient people)
ancient Egypt volume 4 page 114
Hebrew alphabet
alphabet volume 1 page 89
calligraphy volume 3 page 15
Hebrew Bible
Bible volume 2 page 67
Dead Sea Scrolls volume 4 page 20
Judaism volume 7 page 37
Hebrew calendar (religion): see in index
Jewish calendar
Hebrew language
Dead Sea Scrolls picture, volume 4
page 20
hedgehog (mammal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 33, picture,
volume 6 page 33
MORE TO EXPLORE
hibernation volume 6 page 49
hedgehog skate (fish): see in index little
skate
Heel Stone (Stonehenge)
Stonehenge volume 12 page 190
hegira (Islam): see in index hijrah
heifer (cow)
cattle volume 3 page 61
height (measured distance): see in index
length
Heinlein, Robert (U.S. author)
science fiction volume 12 page 51
Helena (state capital of Montana, U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 34
MORE TO EXPLORE
Montana volume 8 page 173
State Capitol picture, volume 6 page 34
helicopter (aircraft)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 35, picture,
volume 6 page 35, picture, volume 6
page 35
MORE TO EXPLORE
ambulance volume 1 page 93
Sea Knight helicopter picture, volume 8
page 56
helium (chemical element)
airship volume 1 page 58
atom picture, volume 1 page 225
balloon volume 2 page 15
Neptune volume 9 page 33
star volume 12 page 179
sun volume 12 page 203
Hellene (people)
ancient Greece volume 5 page 154
Hellenistic Age
ancient Greece volume 5 page 156
sculpture picture, volume 5 page 156
Hellespont (strait in Turkey): see in index
Dardanelles
helot (Greek slave)
Sparta volume 12 page 160
helper cell (blood cell): see in index
helper T cell
helper T cell (blood cell)
AIDS volume 1 page 49
Helsinki (capital city of Finland)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 36, picture,
volume 6 page 36
MORE TO EXPLORE
Finland volume 5 page 22
hemisphere (geography)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 37
hemlock (tree)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 38, picture,
volume 6 page 38
hemoglobin (biochemical compound)
blood volume 2 page 92
iron volume 6 page 158
hen (bird)
chicken volume 3 page 95
Henry II (king of England)
England volume 4 page 140
Henry IV (king of France)
France volume 5 page 60
Huguenots volume 6 page 92
Henry VII (king of England)
Cabot volume 3 page 4
Henry VIII (king of England)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 38, picture,
volume 6 page 39
MORE TO EXPLORE
Protestantism picture, volume 14
page 18
Henry, Patrick (U.S. statesman)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 39, picture,
volume 6 page 39
Henry Plantagenet (king of England): see
in index Henry II
Henson, Jim (U.S. puppeteer)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 40, picture,
volume 6 page 40
Henson, Matthew (U.S. explorer)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 41, picture,
volume 6 page 41
MORE TO EXPLORE
Arctic Ocean volume 1 page 173
exploration volume 4 page 174
Peary volume 10 page 48
polar exploration volume 10 page 110
at the North Pole picture, volume 10
page 110
hepatitis (liver inflammation)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 42
MORE TO EXPLORE
hepatitis B virus picture, volume 6
page 42
liver volume 7 page 167
Hephaestus (Greek god)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 42, picture,
volume 6 page 43
MORE TO EXPLORE
Aphrodite volume 1 page 149
Hera volume 6 page 43
Pandora volume 10 page 26
heptathlon (athletic competition)
track and field volume 13 page 87
Hera (Greek goddess)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 43, picture,
volume 6 page 44
MORE TO EXPLORE
Heracles volume 6 page 44
Zeus volume 15 page 104
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Hera 111
Heracles (Greek mythology)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 44, picture,
volume 6 page 45
MORE TO EXPLORE
Atlas volume 1 page 222
Heracles, Labors of (classical
mythology)
Heracles volume 6 page 44
herb (plant form and food)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 45, picture,
volume 6 page 46
MORE TO EXPLORE
vegetable volume 14 page 60
herbicide (chemical)
pollution volume 10 page 118
herbivore (plant-eating animal)
dinosaur volume 4 page 51
mouth structure picture, volume 4
page 51
mammal volume 8 page 37
Hercules (classical mythology): see in
index Heracles
Hercules, Labors of (classical mythology):
see in index Heracles, Labors of
herd (biology)
elephant volume 4 page 124
herding breed (dogs)
dog table, volume 4 page 62
heredity (transmission of biological
traits)
aging volume 1 page 47
genes and eye color picture, volume 5
page 94
human disease volume 4 page 57
Herero (people)
Namibia volume 9 page 7
Hermes (Greek god)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 46, picture,
volume 6 page 46
MORE TO EXPLORE
Apollo volume 1 page 150
Perseus volume 10 page 60
hermit (monk)
monk volume 8 page 165
Hermitage (museum in St. Petersburg,
Russia) picture, volume 1 page 196
Saint Petersburg volume 12 page 16
hermit crab (animal) picture, volume 3
page 225
heron (bird)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 47, picture,
volume 6 page 47
Herophilus (Greek physician)
anatomy volume 1 page 115
Herrerasaurus (dinosaur)
dinosaurs in scale picture, volume 4
page 53
Herschel, SirWilliam (German-born
British astronomer)
Uranus volume 14 page 39
Hesperides (Greek mythology)
Atlas volume 1 page 222
Hestia (Greek goddess)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 48, picture,
volume 6 page 48
Hezbollah (Lebanese organization)
Lebanon volume 7 page 121
Hiawatha (legendary Native American
leader)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 49, picture,
volume 6 page 49
MORE TO EXPLORE
Iroquois volume 6 page 160
hibernation (animal behavior)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 49
MORE TO EXPLORE
amphibians volume 1 page 110
toad volume 13 page 72
animal migration volume 8 page 125
mammal volume 8 page 36
bears volume 2 page 42
dormouse picture, volume 6 page 50
hedgehog volume 6 page 34
prairie dog volume 10 page 143
reptile volume 11 page 51
snake volume 12 page 114
hiccup (physiology)
respiratory system volume 11 page 56
hickory (tree and nut)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 50, picture,
volume 6 page 51
Hidalgo y Costilla, Miguel (Mexican
leader and priest)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 51, picture,
volume 6 page 51
Hidatsa (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 52
MORE TO EXPLORE
Arikara volume 1 page 177
bison robe picture, volume 6
page 52
Crow volume 3 page 221
Mandan volume 8 page 40
Sacagawea volume 12 page 4
Hidden Jungle (zoo exhibit in San
Diego, California, U.S.) picture, volume
15 page 107
Hidden Lake (lake in Glacier National
Park, Montana, U.S.) picture, volume 8
page 174
hieroglyphics (picture writing)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 53
MORE TO EXPLORE
ancient Egypt volume 4 page 113, picture,
volume 4 page 113
Maya volume 8 page 82
Nefertaris tomb picture, volume 6
page 53
numbers and number systems volume 9
page 106
writing volume 15 page 77
high bar (gymnastics): see in index horizontal
bar
high blood pressure (medical disorder):
see in index hypertension
High Commissioner for Refugees
(international humanitarian agency): see
in index United Nations High Commissioner
for Refugees, Office of the
high definition TV (electronics)
television volume 13 page 40
high-density lipoprotein (biochemistry)
cholesterol volume 3 page 111
higher education
education volume 4 page 106
high jump (athletics)
track and field volume 13 page 86, picture,
volume 13 page 85
Highland (breed of cattle) picture, volume
8 page 36
Highlands (region in Scotland, United
Kingdom)
Scotland volume 12 page 52
high school: see in index secondary education
high-speed train
London picture, volume 11 page 20
112 Heracles BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
high tide (oceanic movement)
tides volume 13 page 63, picture, volume
13 page 64
Highveld (region in Africa)
Zimbabwe volume 15 page 105
highway (transportation): see in index
road
Higinbotham,William A. (U.S. electronic
game designer)
electronic games volume 4 page 122
hijrah (Islam)
Muhammad volume 8 page 203
hiking (recreation)
forest in Seychelles picture, volume 5
page 54
mountain hiking picture, volume 4
page 172, picture, volume 8 page 195
Hill, Sir Rowland (English administrator
and educator)
stamp volume 12 page 177
Hillary, Edmund (New Zealand
explorer)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 54, picture,
volume 6 page 54
MORE TO EXPLORE
Himalayas volume 6 page 55
Mount Everest volume 4 page 167
hillbilly music: see in index country
music
Hill Complex (ancient structure, Great
Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe)
Great Zimbabwe volume 5 page 150
Hilton Head Island (island in South
Carolina, U.S.)
South Carolina volume 12 page 148
Himalayas (mountain range in central
Asia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 54
MORE TO EXPLORE
Mount Everest volume 4 page 167
Nepal picture, volume 9 page 31
hindbrain (anatomy)
brain volume 2 page 122, picture, volume
2 page 122
hind leg (anatomy)
leg volume 7 page 123
Hindu calendar (religion)
calendar volume 3 page 10
Hinduism (religion)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 55
MORE TO EXPLORE
AngkorWat volume 1 page 120, picture,
volume 1 page 121
history
abacus volume 1 page 7
hospital volume 6 page 88
Mughal Empire volume 8 page 202
temple volume 13 page 42
India volume 6 page 123, volume 10
page 13
major world religions table, volume 11
page 43
practices and customs
cattle volume 3 page 61
Ganges River volume 5 page 86
Holi festival celebration picture, volume
6 page 57
monk volume 8 page 166
pilgrimage volume 10 page 85, picture,
volume 10 page 85
saint volume 12 page 9
Yoga volume 15 page 93
Siva shrine picture, volume 6 page 56
Hindustani (ethnic group in Suriname)
Suriname volume 12 page 208
Hinton, S.E. (U.S. author)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 58, picture,
volume 6 page 58
hip (anatomy)
dinosaur volume 4 page 50, picture, volume
4 page 50
hip joint replacement picture, volume 13
page 91
hip-hop (music and culture)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 58, picture,
volume 6 page 59
MORE TO EXPLORE
rap volume 11 page 26
hip joint (anatomy): see in index hip
hippo (mammal): see in index hippopotamus
Hippocrates (Greek physician)
medicine volume 8 page 93
hippopotamus (mammal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 59, picture,
volume 6 page 59
MORE TO EXPLORE
adaptation picture, volume 1
page 27
Hiroshima (city in Japan)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 60, picture,
volume 6 page 60
MORE TO EXPLORE
Truman volume 13 page 101
WorldWar II volume 15 page 70
Hispanic American (people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 60
MORE TO EXPLORE
Massachusetts volume 8 page 71
Nevada volume 9 page 40
New Hampshire volume 9 page 47
New Mexico volume 9 page 51
New York volume 9 page 58
Oregon volume 9 page 147
Rhode Island volume 11 page 60
Utah volume 14 page 44
Virginia volume 14 page 95
Hispaniola (island in theWest Indies)
Columbus volume 3 page 163
Dominican Republic volume 4
page 66
Haiti volume 6 page 9
histamine (biochemical compound)
allergy volume 1 page 84
drug volume 4 page 78
historian: see in index history
historical fiction (literature and theater)
Shakespeare volume 12 page 75
historiography: see in index history
history
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 63
MORE TO EXPLORE
page from Ecclesiastical History by
Bede, c. 732 AD picture, volume 6
page 64
history museum
museum volume 8 page 211
hit (baseball)
baseball volume 2 page 32
Hitler, Adolf (dictator of Germany)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 64, picture,
volume 6 page 64
MORE TO EXPLORE
fascism volume 5 page 8
Germany volume 5 page 106
Holocaust volume 6 page 71
Judaism volume 7 page 39
Nazi Party volume 9 page 26
post-WorldWar I volume 15
page 65
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Hitler, Adolf 113
Storm Troopers picture, volume 9
page 26
WorldWar II volume 15 page 65
Hittite (people)
technology and invention volume 13
page 25
HIV (virus): see in index human immunodeficiency
virus
Hoban, James (Irish-born U.S. architect)
White House volume 15 page 42
Hobart (state capital of Tasmania, Australia)
Tasmania volume 13 page 19
Hobbit, The (work by Tolkien)
Tolkien volume 13 page 77
hobby (personal interest activity)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 65
Ho Chi Minh (president of North Vietnam)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 66, picture,
volume 6 page 66
MORE TO EXPLORE
VietnamWar volume 14 page 86
Ho Chi Minh City (city in Vietnam)
VietnamWar volume 14 page 88
Ho-Chunk (Native American people): see
in indexWinnebago
hockey (sport): see in index hockey, ice
hockey, ice (sport)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 67, picture,
volume 6 page 67, picture, volume 6
page 68
MORE TO EXPLORE
Gretzky picture, volume 5 page 161
types of skates picture, volume 6
page 109
hockey rink (sports)
ice hockey volume 6 page 67
international ice hockey rink picture,
volume 6 page 68
hockey skate (sports equipment)
ice skating volume 6 page 109
types of skates picture, volume 6
page 109
hockey stick (ice hockey)
ice hockey volume 6 page 68
hog (mammal)
pig volume 10 page 83
hogan (Navajo dwelling)
Navajo volume 9 page 23
Hohenstaufen family (German dynasty)
Holy Roman Empire volume 6 page 75
Hohokam culture (prehistoric Native
American culture)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 69
MORE TO EXPLORE
Hohokam rock carvings picture, volume
6 page 69
Phoenix volume 10 page 75
Holbein, Hans, the Younger (German
painter)
Henry VIII picture, volume 6 page 39
hold (wrestling)
wrestling volume 15 page 74
Holi (Hindu festival)
children celebrate in India picture, volume
6 page 57
holiday
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 13
Holiday, Billie (U.S. jazz singer)
jazz volume 7 page 16
Holland (country in Europe): see in index
Netherlands, The
Holland (historical region in The Netherlands)
The Hague volume 6 page 6
holly (tree and shrub)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 70, picture,
volume 6 page 70
Hollywood (district in Los Angeles, California,
U.S.)
Los Angeles volume 7 page 178
Holocaust (European history)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 71
MORE TO EXPLORE
Europe volume 4 page 163
Frank volume 5 page 62
Germany volume 5 page 107
Hitler volume 6 page 64
human rights volume 6 page 97
Judaism volume 7 page 39
Jewish identification badges picture,
volume 6 page 71
Poland volume 10 page 109
Majdanek Concentration Camp picture,
volume 6 page 72
Warsaw volume 15 page 14
Vilnius volume 14 page 91
WorldWar II volume 15 page 65
hologram (three-dimensional photograph)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 72, picture,
volume 6 page 73
holography (photographic process): see in
index hologram
Holy Communion (Christianity): see in
index Communion
Holy Family, Church of the (church in
Barcelona, Spain) picture, volume 12
page 154
Holy Ghost (Christianity): see in index
Holy Spirit
Holy Grail (legendary cup)
Arthurian legend volume 1 page 194
Holy Land: see in index Palestine
Holy Roman Empire (historic empire in
Europe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 73
MORE TO EXPLORE
Charlemagne volume 3 page 81
Franks volume 5 page 61
Germany volume 5 page 106
Hapsburgs volume 6 page 15
Liechtenstein volume 7 page 147
Vaduz volume 14 page 50
Louis I crowning picture, volume 6
page 74
Rudolf I tomb statue picture, volume 6
page 74
Holy See (Roman Catholic government):
see in index Vatican City
Holy Sepulchre, Church of the (church
in Jersualem)
Jerusalem volume 7 page 21
Holy Spirit (Christianity)
Christianity volume 3 page 112
Holy Thursday (Christian holy day)
Easter volume 4 page 93
Holy Trinity (Christian doctrine): see in
index Trinity
HolyWeek (Christianity)
Easter volume 4 page 93
home base (baseball): see in index home
plate
114 Hittite BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
Home Insurance Company Building
(building in Chicago, Illinois, U.S.)
architecture volume 1 page 171
skyscraper volume 12 page 104
Homeland Security, Department of
(U.S. government agency)
U.S. government executive departments
table, volume 14 page 35
homeopathy (system of medical treatment)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 75
MORE TO EXPLORE
medicines picture, volume 6 page 75
home plate (baseball)
baseball volume 2 page 30, picture, volume
2 page 31
Homer (Greek poet)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 76, picture,
volume 6 page 76
home run (baseball)
Ruth volume 11 page 109
hominin (anthropology)
evolution picture, volume 6 page 94
human origins volume 6 page 94
prehistoric life volume 10 page 146
Homo erectus (hominid)
human origins volume 6 page 95, picture,
volume 6 page 93
skull comparison with other homonids
picture, volume 6 page 95
Homo habilis (hominid)
human lineage picture, volume 6 page 93
human origins volume 6 page 95
Homo heidelbergensis (hominid)
human origins volume 6 page 95
Homo neanderthalensis (hominid): see
in index Neanderthal
Homo sapiens: see in index human being
Honduras (country in Central America)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 77
MORE TO EXPLORE
Tegucigalpa picture, volume 13 page 32
honey (food product)
insects volume 6 page 140
honey bear (Helarctos malayanus): see in
index sun bear
honeybee (insect) picture, volume 6
page 138
bee volume 2 page 45, picture, volume 2
page 46
nest volume 9 page 37
honeycomb (biology) picture, volume 6
page 138
nest volume 9 page 37
honeydew (fruit)
melon picture, volume 8 page 97
Honeymoon Island (island in Florida,
U.S.)
children on beach picture, volume 5
page 35
Hong Kong (administrative region in
China)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 78, picture,
volume 6 page 78
MORE TO EXPLORE
ceremony marking return of colony to
China picture, volume 4 page 132
Daoist worshippers picture, volume 4
page 15
homeopathic medicines picture, volume
6 page 75
SARS picture, volume 12 page 38
Honiara (capital city of the Solomon
Islands)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 78
MORE TO EXPLORE
dancers in traditional clothing picture,
volume 6 page 79
Solomon Islands volume 12 page 129
honky-tonk (music)
country music volume 3 page 208
Honolulu (state capital of Hawaii, U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 79, picture,
volume 6 page 79
MORE TO EXPLORE
Oceania volume 9 page 121
Honshu (island in Japan)
Japan volume 7 page 12
Hood, Mount (mountain in Oregon,
U.S.)
Oregon volume 9 page 147
hooded merganser (bird)
bill structure and eating habits picture,
volume 2 page 77
hoof (animal anatomy)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 80, picture,
volume 6 page 80
MORE TO EXPLORE
horse volume 6 page 86
hoofed animal: see in index antelope;
bison; buffalo; camel; cattle; deer; donkey;
elk; giraffe; goat; hoof; horse;
llama; moose; musk-ox; pig; reindeer;
sheep; wapiti; yak; zebra
Hook, Captain (fictional character): see
in index Captain Hook
hook and ladder truck: see in index ladder
truck
Hoosier State (state in the U.S.): see in
index Indiana
Hoover, Herbert (president of the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 81, picture,
volume 6 page 81
MORE TO EXPLORE
Great Depression volume 5 page 147
timeline volume 6 page 81
Hoover Dam (dam in the U.S.) picture,
volume 4 page 9
Hoover volume 6 page 81
Nevada volume 9 page 41
hooves (animal anatomy): see in index
hoof
hop, step, and jump (athletics): see in
index triple jump
Hopewell culture (prehistoric North
American culture)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 82
MORE TO EXPLORE
copper artwork picture, volume 6
page 83
mound builders volume 8
page 194
Hopi (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 83
MORE TO EXPLORE
Hopi dancers picture, volume 6
page 83
horizontal bar (gymnastics)
gymnastics volume 5 page 174, picture,
volume 5 page 175
horizontal stabilizer (aircraft part)
airplane volume 1 page 54
hormone (biochemistry)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 84, picture,
volume 6 page 84
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA hormone 115
MORE TO EXPLORE
acne volume 1 page 19
endocrine system volume 4 page 134
pancreas volume 10 page 24
horn (animal anatomy)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 85, picture,
volume 6 page 85
MORE TO EXPLORE
antelope volume 1 page 139
sheep volume 12 page 79
Swaledale picture, volume 12 page 79
horn (musical instrument)
wind instruments picture, volume 8
page 217
hornet (insect)
wasp volume 15 page 21
horse (mammal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 85
MORE TO EXPLORE
images
activities
Kentucky Derby picture, volume 6
page 87
war picture, volume 15 page 9
anatomy
front limb picture, volume 1
page 182
hoof picture, volume 6 page 80
leg picture, volume 7 page 123
mane picture, volume 6 page 7
breeds
pony picture, volume 6 page 86
Przewalskis horse picture, volume 6
page 86
evolution picture, volume 4 page 170
knee volume 7 page 74
Native Americans volume 9 page 19
Comanche volume 3 page 164
Gros Ventre picture, volume 5
page 163
Kaw volume 7 page 51
technology and invention volume 13
page 26
horse collar (harness)
technology and invention volume 13
page 26
horseshoe
hoof volume 6 page 80
Horus (Egyptian god)
Isis and Osiris volume 6 page 163
hospital
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 87
MORE TO EXPLORE
child with newborn sister picture, volume
6 page 88
temporary hospital, 1918-19 flu epidemic
picture, volume 6 page 136
host (parasitism)
parasite volume 10 page 32
hot-air balloon (aircraft) picture, volume
2 page 16
hot desert
desert volume 4 page 40
hot pepper (plant)
pepper volume 10 page 59
hot spot (geology and thermodynamics)
volcano volume 14 page 100
hot-spot volcano (geology)
volcano volume 14 page 101
hot spring (place where water naturally
flows from the ground): see in index
spring
Houdini, Harry (U.S. magician)
magic volume 8 page 17
hound (dog group)
dog table, volume 4 page 62
Houphouet-Boigny, Felix (president of
Cote dIvoire)
Yamoussoukro volume 15 page 85
hour (unit of time)
sundial volume 12 page 204
time volume 13 page 67
hour line (time keeping)
sundial volume 12 page 204, picture,
volume 12 page 204
house (dwelling)
ancient Egypt volume 4 page 112
images
Africa
Benin picture, volume 2 page 60
Burkina Faso picture, volume 2
page 151
Ghana picture, volume 5 page 110
Lesotho picture, volume 7 page 134
Mali picture, volume 8 page 32
Mauritania picture, volume 8 page 79
Niger picture, volume 9 page 67
Asia and Oceania
Cambodia picture, volume 10
page 74
Mongolia picture, volume 8 page 164
Nepal picture, volume 9 page 31
Papua New Guinea picture, volume
10 page 131
Samoa picture, volume 12 page 24
Vietnam picture, volume 14 page 84
Yemen picture, volume 15 page 90
Europe
Belgium picture, volume 2 page 55
British Iron Age picture, volume 6
page 159
France picture, volume 5 page 58
Germany picture, volume 5 page 105
Greece picture, volume 5 page 152
Italy picture, volume 14 page 65
Russia picture, volume 11 page 105,
picture, volume 14 page 12
The Netherlands picture, volume 1
page 111
North America andWest Indies
Native Americans picture, volume 3
page 106, picture, volume 6
page 160, picture, volume 8
page 40, picture, volume 9 page 12,
picture, volume 10 page 164, picture,
volume 15 page 85
Trinidad and Tobago picture, volume
10 page 132
United States picture, volume 3
page 160, picture, volume 10
page 160, picture, volume 11
page 64
pioneer life volume 10 page 88, picture,
volume 10 page 88
House, speaker of the (U.S. government):
see in index speaker of the House
house cat (mammal): see in index cat
housefly (insect) picture, volume 5
page 39
fly volume 5 page 39
house mouse (rodent) picture, volume 8
page 196
mouse volume 8 page 196
House of: see in index under the specific
part of the name, for example, Lords,
House of except as found below
House of Habsburg (European dynasty):
see in index Hapsburgs
house sparrow (bird)
sparrow volume 12 page 159
Housing and Urban Development,
Department of (U.S. government
agency)
116 horn BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
U.S. government executive departments
table, volume 14 page 35
Houston (city in Texas, U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 88
Houston, Sam (U.S. lawyer and politician)
Houston volume 6 page 89
Houston Ship Channel (waterway in
southwestern U.S.)
Houston volume 6 page 89
Howard, Catherine (queen of England):
see in index Catherine Howard
howler monkey (primate) picture, volume
8 page 167
monkey volume 8 page 168
How the Grinch Stole Christmas
(book by Dr. Seuss)
Dr. Seuss volume 12 page 73
Hoxha, Enver (prime minister of Albania)
Albania volume 1 page 66
Hradcany, castle of (castle in Prague,
Czech Republic)
Prague volume 10 page 142
Hsiung-nu (people): see in index Hun
HTML (computer programming language):
see in index hypertext markup
language
Huang He (river in China)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 89
Hubble Space Telescope (astronomy)
astronomy volume 1 page 215
images
black hole picture, volume 2 page 87
Small Magellanic Cloud picture, volume
14 page 37
satellite volume 12 page 41
telescope volume 13 page 39
Hudson, Henry (English navigator and
explorer)
exploration of the Americas volume 1
page 103
Hudson Bay volume 6 page 90
New York volume 9 page 59
Ontario volume 9 page 140
Wappinger volume 15 page 8
Hudson Bay (sea in Canada)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 90
MORE TO EXPLORE
polar bear on Hudson Bay ice picture,
volume 8 page 45
Hudsons Bay Company (Canadian
company)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 90
MORE TO EXPLORE
Alberta volume 1 page 70
British Columbia volume 2
page 133
fur trade volume 5 page 76
Hudson Bay volume 6 page 90
Idaho volume 6 page 112
Manitoba volume 8 page 45
Northwest Territories volume 9
page 96
Nunavut volume 9 page 109
Saskatchewan volume 12 page 40
station picture, volume 6 page 90
Yukon volume 15 page 98
Huerta, Victoriano (president of
Mexico)
Villa volume 14 page 90
Zapata volume 15 page 102
Hughes, Langston (U.S. poet)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 91, picture,
volume 6 page 91
Hugo (hurricane): see in index Hurricane
Hugo
Huguenot (French Protestantism)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 92
MORE TO EXPLORE
Huguenots meeting secretly picture,
volume 6 page 92
hull (watercraft part)
boat volume 2 page 97, picture, volume 2
page 97
ship volume 12 page 81
Hull House (social agency in Chicago,
Illinois, U.S.)
Addams volume 1 page 27
human being
Africa volume 1 page 41
aging volume 1 page 47
American dog tick picture, volume 13
page 63
climate volume 3 page 138
cosmetics: see in index cosmetic
endangered species volume 4
page 134
human origins volume 6 page 95
images
human evolution picture, volume 6
page 93
human skull evolution picture, volume
6 page 95
primate picture, volume 10 page 149
vertebrate embryo development picture,
volume 5 page 109
plant volume 10 page 96
prehistoric life volume 10 page 146
speech volume 12 page 162, picture,
volume 12 page 162
human body
adolescence volume 1 page 31
anatomy picture, volume 1 page 115
appendix volume 1 page 152
arm volume 1 page 182, picture, volume
1 page 182
skeletal muscles picture, volume 8
page 208
brain volume 2 page 122, picture, volume
2 page 122
ear volume 4 page 86, picture, volume
4 page 87
eye volume 4 page 175, picture, volume
4 page 175
foot volume 5 page 47, picture, volume
5 page 47
hair volume 6 page 7
hand picture, volume 6 page 12
human skeletal system picture, volume
12 page 96
knee picture, volume 7 page 73
leg picture, volume 7 page 123
knee joint in cross section picture,
volume 12 page 97
liver volume 7 page 166, picture, volume
7 page 167, picture, volume 7
page 167
lung picture, volume 7 page 184
mouth picture, volume 8 page 197
nail volume 9 page 4, picture, volume 9
page 4
nose volume 9 page 99
skeletal muscles picture, volume 8
page 207
physiology
allergy volume 1 page 84
cardiovascular system volume 3
page 38
circulatory system volume 3 page 119
digestive system volume 4 page 47,
picture, volume 4 page 47
endocrine system volume 4 page 134,
picture, volume 4 page 135
hormone volume 6 page 84
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA human body 117
immune system volume 6 page 119
lymphatic system volume 7 page 189,
picture, volume 7 page 189
muscles volume 8 page 207
nervous system picture, volume 9
page 34
radiation volume 11 page 17
reproductive system volume 11
page 46
respiratory system volume 11
page 54
skeletal system volume 12 page 95
urinary system volume 14 page 40
human disease: see in index disease
human equality: see in index equal rights
human evolution
human origins volume 6 page 93
human geography (science)
geography volume 5 page 96
human illness: see in index disease
human immunodeficiency virus
AIDS volume 1 page 49
Ashe volume 1 page 199
Johnson volume 7 page 30
humanism
Renaissance volume 11 page 44
human migration: see in index migration
human origins
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 92
MORE TO EXPLORE
Australopithecine footprints picture,
volume 6 page 95
evolution picture, volume 6 page 94
human lineage picture, volume 6
page 93
Neanderthal fossil skeleton picture, volume
6 page 93
skull comparison with other homonids
picture, volume 6 page 95
human population: see in index population
human reproductive system: see in index
reproductive system
human rights
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 96
MORE TO EXPLORE
bill of rights volume 2 page 70
civil rights volume 3 page 128
images
International Human Rights Day
picture, volume 6 page 96
Universal Declaration of Human
Rights picture, volume 6 page 98
Zimbabwe march picture, volume 6
page 97
human sacrifice
Maya volume 8 page 82
human sickness: see in index disease
Humayun (Mughal emperor)
tomb in Delhi, India picture, volume 8
page 202
humerus (bone)
arm volume 1 page 182, picture, volume
1 page 182
leg volume 7 page 123
humidity (atmosphere)
weather volume 15 page 27
hummingbird (bird)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 98, picture,
volume 6 page 98
humpback salmon (fish): see in index
pink salmon
humpback whale (mammal) picture,
volume 15 page 36
whale species picture, volume 15 page 37
humus (soil component)
soil volume 12 page 125
Hun (historic Asian people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 99, picture,
volume 6 page 99
MORE TO EXPLORE
archery volume 1 page 166
Hundred Days (French history)
Napoleon I volume 9 page 9
Hundred YearsWar (European history)
France volume 5 page 59
Hungary (country in Europe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 100
MORE TO EXPLORE
folk musician picture, volume 5 page 41
geography
Budapest picture, volume 2 page 141,
picture, volume 6 page 100
Danube River picture, volume 6
page 101
history
Bratislava volume 2 page 124
Hapsburgs volume 6 page 16
timeline volume 6 page 100
Hunsdons Men (English theater company):
see in index Lord Chamberlains
Men
hunting and gathering society (anthropology)
nomad volume 9 page 76
Stone Age volume 12 page 189
hunting dog (mammal)
dog breeds table, volume 4 page 62
hunting leopard (mammal): see in index
cheetah
hurdling (athletics) picture, volume 13
page 86
track and field volume 13 page 86, picture,
volume 13 page 85
Huron (Native American people): see in
indexWyandot
Huron, Lake (lake in North America)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 103
MORE TO EXPLORE
Great Lakes volume 5 page 147, picture,
volume 5 page 147
Huron-Wendat (Native American
people): see in indexWyandot
hurricane (weather) picture, volume 1
page 221
Atlantic Ocean volume 1 page 221
storm volume 12 page 192
Hurricane Hugo (storm)
South Carolina volume 12 page 148
Hurricane Katrina (storm)
Lousiana volume 7 page 181
satellite images picture, volume 15
page 28
Husayni, Muhammad !Abd ar-Ra#uf
al-Qudwah al- (Palestinian leader): see
in index Arafat, Yasir
husky, Siberian (breed of dog): see in
index Siberian husky
Hussein (king of Jordan)
peace agreement picture, volume 10
page 19
Hussein, Saddam (president of Iraq): see
in index Saddam Hussein
Hutu (African people)
Burundi volume 2 page 153
118 human disease BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
Kigali volume 7 page 64
Rwanda volume 11 page 110
Huygens (spacecraft)
Saturn volume 12 page 42
Hyatt, JohnWesley (U.S. inventor)
plastic volume 10 page 97
hybrid bicycle (vehicle)
bicycle volume 2 page 69
hybrid car picture, volume 1
page 237
hydra (water-dwelling animal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 103, picture,
volume 6 page 104
Hydra (moon of Pluto)
Pluto volume 10 page 102
hydroelectric power
dam volume 4 page 9
Itaipu Dam picture, volume 10
page 31
hydrogen (chemical element)
balloon volume 2 page 15
Neptune volume 9 page 33
star volume 12 page 179
sun volume 12 page 203
water molecule picture, volume 8
page 155
hydrogen bomb (fusion device): see in
index thermonuclear bomb
hydroponics (horticulture): see in index
aquaculture
hydrosphere (Earth science)
environment volume 4 page 144
hyena (mammal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 104, picture,
volume 6 page 104
Hyksos (ancient Asian people)
ancient Egypt volume 4 page 114
hyperactivity (psychology)
sugar volume 12 page 202
hyperlinking (computer science): see in
index hypertext
hypermetropia (visual disorder): see in
index farsightedness
hyperopia (visual disorder): see in index
farsightedness
hypertension (medical disorder)
cardiovascular system volume 3 page 40
hypertext (computer science)
Internet volume 6 page 142
hypertext markup language (computer
programming language)
Internet volume 6 page 142
hypothalamus (anatomy)
endocrine system volume 4 page 135,
picture, volume 4 page 135
hypothesis
science volume 12 page 50
I/O device (computer technology): see in
index input/output device
IAAF (international sports organization):
see in index International Association of
Athletics Federations
Iapetus (Greek mythology)
Atlas volume 1 page 222
ibis (bird)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 106, picture,
volume 6 page 106
MORE TO EXPLORE
white ibis picture, volume 14 page 26
Ibn Sa!ud (king of Saudi Arabia)
Saudi Arabia volume 12 page 44
Ibo (people): see in index Igbo
Ibsen, Henrik (Norwegian playwright
and poet)
drama volume 4 page 74
IC (electronics): see in index integrated
circuit
Icarus (Greek mythology)
Daedalus volume 4 page 4, picture, volume
4 page 4
ice (solid water)
crystal volume 3 page 226, picture, volume
3 page 226
states of matter picture, volume 8
page 78
water volume 15 page 22
ice age (geology)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 106
MORE TO EXPLORE
prehistoric life volume 10 page 146
iceberg
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 107, picture,
volume 6 page 107
MORE TO EXPLORE
Arctic Ocean picture, volume 1 page 173
Titanic volume 13 page 70
ice cave (geology)
cave volume 3 page 63
ice crystal (physics)
rain volume 11 page 22
ice dancing (sport)
ice skating volume 6 page 110
ice fishing
Nunavut picture, volume 9 page 109
Iceland (island country in the North
Atlantic Ocean)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 108
MORE TO EXPLORE
canyon picture, volume 3 page 32
Crater Viti picture, volume 6 page 108
volcano volume 14 page 100
Icelandic eruption (volcanic activity)
picture, volume 14 page 102
ice rink (ice skating facility)
ice skating volume 6 page 110
ice skate (sports equipment)
different types of skates picture, volume
6 page 109
ice skating volume 6 page 109
ice skating (hobby and sport)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 109
MORE TO EXPLORE
figure skater dancing picture, volume 6
page 110
skating volume 12 page 94
speed skater picture, volume 6 page 110
types of skates picture, volume 6
page 109
Ice-T (U.S. rapper and actor)
rap volume 11 page 27
Ichan-Kala (royal court in Khiva,
Uzbekistan) picture, volume 14 page 47
ICJ (United Nations): see in index International
Court of Justice
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA ICJ 119
ICRC (Swiss aid organization): see in
index International Committee of the
Red Cross
ICU (hospital area): see in index intensive
care unit
Idaho (state in the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 111
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
Bitterroot Mountains picture, volume
6 page 112
irrigated field picture, volume 6
page 161
Saint Joe National Forest picture, volume
9 page 44
State Capitol picture, volume 2
page 100
Idaho Territory (historical territory in
the U.S.)
Idaho volume 6 page 112
identical twin picture, volume 5 page 94
genetics volume 5 page 94
Ides of March (Roman history)
Caesar volume 3 page 8
Iditarod (sled dog race in Alaska, U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 113, picture,
volume 6 page 113
IDL: see in index International Date Line
Ifalik (island in the Federated States of
Micronesia)
islander using fishing nets picture, volume
8 page 119
Igbo (people)
Nigeria volume 9 page 68
igloo (dwelling)
Eskimo volume 4 page 153
Eskimo family picture, volume 4
page 153
igneous rock (geology)
rock volume 11 page 75
ignition point (physics)
combustion volume 3 page 165
fire volume 5 page 25
Iguacu Falls (waterfall in Argentina and
Brazil): see in index Iguazu Falls
iguana (lizard)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 113, picture,
volume 6 page 113
MORE TO EXPLORE
lizard volume 7 page 169
Iguanodon (dinosaur)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 114, picture,
volume 6 page 114
MORE TO EXPLORE
dinosaurs in scale picture, volume 4
page 53
Iguazu Falls (waterfall in Argentina and
Brazil) picture, volume 12 page 142
Ihle, J. J. (German painter)
Bach portrait picture, volume 2 page 4
IJ (body of water in The Netherlands)
Amsterdam volume 1 page 112
Ike Eisenhower (president of the
U.S.): see in index Eisenhower, Dwight
D.
Ikhnaton (king of Egypt): see in index
Akhenaton
Ile de Goree (island in Senegal): see in
index Goree Island
Iles Anglo-Normandes (islands in the
English Channel): see in index Channel
Islands
Iles du Vent (island group of theWest
Indies): see in indexWindward Islands
Iles Marquises (islands in French Polynesia):
see in index Marquesas Islands
Ilex (plant genus): see in index holly
Iliad (epic poem by Homer)
ancient Greece volume 5 page 154
Homer volume 6 page 76
illegal alien: see in index illegal immigration
illegal drug
drug volume 4 page 79
illegal immigration
Hispanic Americans volume 6 page 63
Illinois (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 115, picture,
volume 6 page 115
Illinois (state in the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 116, picture,
volume 6 page 117, picture, volume 6
page 117, picture, volume 6 page 118
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
Chicago picture, volume 3 page 93
Picasso sculpture picture, volume 10
page 79
Mississippi and Ohio rivers picture,
volume 9 page 127
Springfield
Lincoln statue and State Capitol
picture, volume 12 page 169
Jolliet volume 7 page 31
illness: see in index disease
illuminated manuscript (art)
Medieval illustration picture, volume 8
page 122
painting volume 10 page 8
Persian manuscript picture, volume 10
page 8
illusionist: see in index magic
Illyrian (people)
Skopje volume 12 page 102
ILO (United Nations agency): see in index
International Labour Organization
Imhotep (Egyptian architect, physician
and statesman)
pyramid volume 10 page 170
immediate toxic response (medical disorder)
poison volume 10 page 106
immigration
Ellis Island volume 4 page 127
immigrants arrive at Ellis Island picture,
volume 4 page 128
Immigration Act (U.S. legislation, 1924)
Asian Americans volume 1 page 207
Ellis Island volume 4 page 127
Immigration Act (U.S. legislation, 1965)
Asian Americans volume 1 page 208
Immigration and Nationality Act (U.S.
legislation, 1952)
Asian Americans volume 1 page 208
immune system (anatomy and physiology)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 119
MORE TO EXPLORE
AIDS volume 1 page 50
allergy volume 1 page 84
lymphatic system volume 7 page 189
natural and acquired immunity picture,
volume 6 page 119
transplant volume 13 page 91
virus volume 14 page 98
120 ICRC BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
immunity (biological process)
immune system volume 6 page 119
immunological system (physiology): see
in index immune system
Imouthes (Egyptian architect, physician
and statesman): see in index Imhotep
impala (mammal) picture, volume 7
page 59
antelope volume 1 page 138, picture,
volume 1 page 139
impeachment (law)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 120, picture,
volume 6 page 120
MORE TO EXPLORE
United States government volume 14
page 34
imperator (title): see in index emperor
Imperial Diet (Japanese government): see
in index Diet
imperialism (political entity): see in index
empire
Imperial Palace (palace in Tokyo, Japan)
Tokyo volume 13 page 76
impressionism (art)
Monet volume 8 page 160, picture, volume
8 page 160
painting volume 10 page 10
Pissarros The Wheelbarrow picture,
volume 10 page 10
inboard motorboat (watercraft)
boat volume 2 page 98
Inca (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 121
MORE TO EXPLORE
architecture and construction
Inca fortress near Cuzco picture, volume
6 page 121
Machu Picchu volume 8 page 8, picture,
volume 8 page 8
history
Andes volume 1 page 118
conquistador volume 3 page 186
De Soto volume 4 page 41
Ecuador volume 4 page 103
Peru volume 10 page 64, volume 10
page 65
Pizarro volume 10 page 90
South America volume 12 page 144
incendiary bomb (military technology)
bomb volume 2 page 104
inch (unit of measurement)
measurement volume 8 page 89
incisor (tooth)
rodent volume 11 page 80
teeth volume 13 page 30
inclined plane
machine volume 8 page 6, picture, volume
8 page 6
income tax, personal (taxation)
tax volume 13 page 21
indentured servant
slavery volume 12 page 105
Independence (city in Missouri, U.S.)
Santa Fe Trail volume 12 page 32
independence (behavior)
adolescence volume 1 page 31
Independence Day (United States holiday)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 122, picture,
volume 6 page 122
Independence Hall (building in Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania, U.S.) picture,
volume 10 page 70
Liberty Bell volume 7 page 141
Independence National Historical Park
(park in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
U.S.)
Independence Hall picture, volume 10
page 70
Independent (religious group): see in
index Separatist
India (country in Asia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 123
MORE TO EXPLORE
art and architecture
dance volume 4 page 13
Golden Temple picture, volume 6
page 124
Mughal tomb picture, volume 1
page 170
pottery picture, volume 10 page 140
sculpture volume 12 page 56
Taj Mahal picture, volume 13 page 11
economy
chicken house picture, volume 10
page 140
rice paddy picture, volume 11 page 63
geography
Asia volume 1 page 200
Ganges River volume 5 page 86
kingfisher in a national park picture,
volume 7 page 67
history
Alexander the Great volume 1 page 74
Bangladesh volume 2 page 22
Gama volume 5 page 83
Indira Gandhi volume 5 page 85
Mahatma Gandhi volume 5 page 85
Mauryan Empire volume 8 page 81,
picture, volume 8 page 81
Mughal Empire volume 8 page 202
Nehru volume 9 page 30
Pakistan volume 10 page 13
refugee volume 11 page 41
timeline volume 6 page 123
literature: see in index Indian literature
people and culture
alphabet volume 1 page 89
caste volume 3 page 52
cattle volume 3 page 61
Diwali volume 4 page 58
flag volume 5 page 30
International Human Rights Day
picture, volume 6 page 96
mythology volume 8 page 223
national anthem volume 9 page 13
numbers and number systems volume
9 page 107
voters picture, volume 14 page 105
wedding custom picture, volume 3
page 230
religion
Hinduism volume 6 page 55
Pongal picture, volume 6 page 125
Jainism picture, volume 7 page 9
Muslims praying picture, volume 6
page 164
Sikhism volume 12 page 87
Indian, American (indigenous peoples):
see in index Native American
Indiana (state in the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 126, picture,
volume 6 page 127
Indiana Dunes (state park and national
lakeshore in Indiana, U.S.)
Michigan volume 8 page 118
Indianapolis (state capital of Indiana,
U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 128
MORE TO EXPLORE
Indiana volume 6 page 126
Indianapolis 500 (automobile race)
Indianapolis volume 6 page 128
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Indianapolis 500 121
Indianapolis Clowns (U.S. baseball
team)
Aaron volume 1 page 6
Indianapolis Motor Speedway (racetrack
in Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.)
Indianapolis volume 6 page 128
Indian art: see in index Native American
arts
Indian Bridge (town in Barbados): see in
index Bridgetown
Indian literature: see in index Veda
Indian mustard (plant and condiment):
see in index brown mustard
Indian National Congress (political
party in India)
India volume 6 page 124
Indira Gandhi volume 5 page 85
Nehru volume 9 page 30
Indian Ocean
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 128
MORE TO EXPLORE
Indonesia picture, volume 6 page 129
ocean volume 9 page 117
Seychelles picture, volume 12 page 74
tsunami volume 13 page 104
Indian peacock (bird): see in index blue
peacock
Indian reservation
Native Americans volume 9 page 20
Indians (U.S. baseball team): see in index
Cleveland Indians
Indian Territory (historical territory in
the U.S.)
Oklahoma volume 9 page 130
relocated Native Americans
Chickasaw volume 3 page 94
Choctaw volume 3 page 110
Comanche volume 3 page 164
Creek volume 3 page 213
Delaware volume 4 page 29
Indian water buffalo (mammal): see in
index water buffalo
individual sports
sports volume 12 page 167
IndochinaWar (Franco-Vietnamese history
1946-54): see in index French
IndochinaWar
Indonesia (island country in Southeast
Asia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 130
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
Asia volume 1 page 200
Indian Ocean picture, volume 6
page 129
island volume 6 page 167
volcano volume 14 page 102, picture,
volume 14 page 99
history
East Timor volume 4 page 96
Dili volume 4 page 49
Madagascar volume 8 page 10
images
green tree python picture, volume 10
page 172
Indonesian Girl Scouts picture, volume
12 page 54
jackfruit picture, volume 6 page 131
indri (primate)
lemur volume 7 page 128
primate picture, volume 10 page 149
indulgence (Roman Catholicism)
Luther volume 7 page 186
Indus civilization (southern Asia, 2500-
1700 BC): see in index Indus Valley
civilization
Indus River (river in Asia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 132, picture,
volume 6 page 132
MORE TO EXPLORE
India volume 6 page 123
industrial accident (safety): see in index
accident
industrial ceramics: see in index ceramics
industrial glass: see in index glass
Industrial Organizations, Congress of
(labor organization): see in index Congress
of Industrial Organizations
Industrial Revolution
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 132
MORE TO EXPLORE
social and political issues
city volume 3 page 125
Europe volume 4 page 164
labor volume 7 page 96
Massachusetts volume 8 page 73
socialism volume 12 page 119
trade volume 13 page 89
war volume 15 page 10
technology and invention volume 13
page 26
agriculture volume 1 page 49
manufacturing volume 8 page 46
textile volume 13 page 53
power looms picture, volume 6
page 134
spinning cloth picture, volume 6
page 133
industrial robot
robot volume 11 page 74
industrial ship
ship volume 12 page 82
industry
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 134
MORE TO EXPLORE
conservation volume 3 page 187
Indus Valley civilization (southern Asia,
2500-1700 BC)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 135, picture,
volume 6 page 136
MORE TO EXPLORE
Asia volume 1 page 204
civilization volume 3 page 127
India volume 6 page 124
Indus River volume 6 page 132
maze and dice carvings picture, volume 6
page 135
Pakistan volume 10 page 14
Harappa picture, volume 3 page 125
infancy (growth stage)
child development volume 3 page 96
human infants picture, volume 3
page 96, picture, volume 8 page 37
reproductive system volume 11 page 49
sleep volume 12 page 108
infant (growth stage): see in index infancy
infection (illness)
bacteria volume 2 page 5
penicillin volume 10 page 53
pneumonia volume 10 page 103
surgery volume 12 page 207
tonsillitis picture, volume 13 page 81
infectious disease
animal disease volume 4 page 55
human disease volume 4 page 56
infield (athletics)
track and field volume 13 page 84
122 Indianapolis Clowns BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
infield (part of baseball field)
baseball volume 2 page 30
softball volume 12 page 122
influenza (viral infection)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 136
MORE TO EXPLORE
AIDS volume 1 page 50
cough volume 3 page 207
epidemic volume 4 page 146
flu shot picture, volume 10 page 164
temporary hospital, 1918-19 flu epidemic
picture, volume 6 page 136
influenza epidemic of 1918-19 (pandemic)
temporary hospital picture, volume 6
page 136
information: see in index data; library;
statistics
infrared radiation (physics)
greenhouse effect picture, volume 5
page 157
radiation volume 11 page 17
types of electromagnetic radiation
picture, volume 11 page 18
Ingalls, Laura Elizabeth (United States
author): see in indexWilder, Laura
Ingalls
inhaler (medical device) picture, volume 1
page 213
ink painting (art)
painting volume 10 page 9
inland sea (physical feature): see in index
lake
in-line skating (recreation) picture, volume
11 page 81
roller skating volume 11 page 81
skating volume 12 page 95
inner ear (anatomy)
ear volume 4 page 87, picture, volume 4
page 87
Inner Light (religious concept)
Quakers volume 11 page 5
Inner Mongolia (autonomous region of
China)
Mongolia volume 8 page 164
inner planet (astronomy): see in index
terrestrial planet
inning (baseball)
baseball volume 2 page 32
innings (cricket)
cricket volume 3 page 215
Innu (Native American people)
Newfoundland and Labrador volume 9
page 46
Innuit (people): see in index Eskimo
input/output device (computer technology)
computer volume 3 page 173
Inquisition (Roman Catholicism)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 137, picture,
volume 6 page 137
MORE TO EXPLORE
Ferdinand and Isabella volume 5 page 10
Galileo volume 5 page 82
Reformation volume 11 page 39
Spain volume 12 page 155
inquisitor (Roman Catholicism)
Inquisition volume 6 page 137
insanity: see in index mental illness
insect (animal class)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 138
MORE TO EXPLORE
brain volume 2 page 122
cave volume 3 page 64
exoskeleton volume 4 page 172, picture,
volume 6 page 139
hormone volume 6 page 84
images
animal species picture, volume 7
page 167
body structure picture, volume 6
page 138
honeybees picture, volume 6 page 138
ladybug and eggs picture, volume 4
page 108
muscle attachment picture, volume 8
page 207
respiratory system picture, volume 11
page 54
insecticide (chemical compound)
mosquito volume 8 page 189
Institutional Revolutionary Party
(political party in Mexico)
Mexico volume 8 page 112
insulin (hormone)
diabetes volume 4 page 43
endocrine system volume 4 page 136
pancreas volume 10 page 24
Insurance City (city in Connecticut,
U.S.): see in index Hartford
insurrection (politics): see in index rebellion
intake stroke (internal combustion)
internal-combustion engine volume 6
page 141, picture, volume 6 page 140
integer (mathematics)
numbers and number systems volume 9
page 106
integrated circuit (electronics) picture,
volume 3 page 174
computer volume 3 page 174
electronics volume 4 page 123
worker assembling microchip picture,
volume 4 page 123
integration (racial): see in index racial
integration
intelligence (psychology)
artificial intelligence volume 1 page 195
intelligence, artificial: see in index artificial
intelligence
intelligence agent (intelligence): see in
index spy
intelligent design: see in index creationism
intensity (sound)
sound volume 12 page 135, picture, volume
12 page 135
intensive care unit (hospital area)
hospital volume 6 page 88
interception (sports)
football volume 5 page 49
interest (finance)
banking volume 2 page 24
Interior, Department of the (U.S. government
agency)
United States government executive
departments table, volume 14 page 35
Interior Salish (Native American
people): see in index Salish
internal-combustion engine
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 140, picture,
volume 6 page 140
MORE TO EXPLORE
automobile volume 1 page 235, picture,
volume 1 page 235
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA internal-combustion engine 123
internal materials salvage (waste management):
see in index internal recycling
internal migration
human migration volume 8 page 126
internal recycling (waste management)
recycling volume 11 page 35
international aid: see in index foreign aid
International Association of Athletics
Federations (international sports organization)
track and field volume 13 page 87
International Brigades (military force)
Spanish CivilWar volume 12
page 159
International Committee of the Red
Cross (Swiss aid organization)
Red Cross and Red Crescent volume 11
page 36
International Court of Justice (United
Nations)
Hague, The volume 6 page 5
Peace Palace picture, volume 6 page 6
United Nations volume 14 page 22
International Date Line
time volume 13 page 67
International Ice Hockey Federation
(sports organization)
ice hockey volume 6 page 69
International Labour Organization
(United Nations agency)
labor volume 7 page 98
International Military Tribunal (court)
Nuremberg Trials volume 9 page 110
International Morse Code (communication)
picture, volume 8 page 186
Morse Code volume 8 page 185
International Movement of the Red
Cross and Red Crescent (charitable
organization): see in index Red Cross
and Red Crescent
International Olympic Committee
Olympic Games volume 9 page 133
International Spy Museum (museum in
Washington, D.C., U.S.)
hidden microphones picture, volume 12
page 169
international trade
Indian Ocean volume 6 page 129
North Sea volume 9 page 92
trade volume 13 page 88
International Union for Conservation
of Nature and Natural Resources
endangered species volume 4 page 134
international war
war volume 15 page 8
InternationalWorking Mens Association
(labor organization)
membership card picture, volume 12
page 120
Internet (international computer network)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 141
MORE TO EXPLORE
book and bookmaking volume 2
page 110
computer volume 3 page 172
newspaper volume 9 page 55
telecommunication volume 13 page 34
internment camp
Asian Americans volume 1 page 208,
picture, volume 1 page 207
Interstate Commerce Act (U.S. legislation,
1887)
Cleveland volume 3 page 136
intestines (anatomy)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 142
MORE TO EXPLORE
grasshopper picture, volume 4 page 48
human picture, volume 4 page 47, picture,
volume 6 page 143
intifada (Israeli-Palestinian history)
Arab-IsraeliWars volume 1 page 159
Israel volume 6 page 170
Intolerable Acts (British laws, 1774)
American Revolution volume 1 page 99
intranational war
war volume 15 page 8
Inuit (people): see in index Eskimo
invention (technology)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 13 page 25
MORE TO EXPLORE
dialysis machine picture, volume 13
page 29
Edison with lightbulb picture, volume
13 page 27
windmill and waterwheel picture, volume
13 page 26
invertebrate (animal without a backbone)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 143
MORE TO EXPLORE
animal volume 1 page 124
brain volume 2 page 122
eye volume 4 page 176
mollusk volume 8 page 157
Inward Light (religious concept): see in
index Inner Light
Io (moon of Jupiter)
Jupiter volume 7 page 41
IOC (international sports organization):
see in index International Olympic
Committee
ion (physics)
atom volume 1 page 225
Ionian (people)
ancient Greece volume 5 page 154
IOU (abbreviation)
common abbreviations table, volume 1
page 8
Iowa (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 144
MORE TO EXPLORE
Missouri tribe volume 8 page 145
Oto volume 9 page 155
Shauhaunapotinia picture, volume 6
page 144
Iowa (state in the U.S.)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 145
MORE TO EXPLORE
Des Moines picture, volume 6 page 145
young corn plants picture, volume 6
page 146
Ioway (Native American people): see in
index Iowa
Banneker,
Benjamin
Bell, Alexander
Graham
Deere, John
Edison, Thomas
Alva
Franklin,
Benjamin
Gutenberg,
Johannes
Marconi,
Guglielmo
Whitney, Eli
Wright, Orville
and Wilbur
For more about invention, look for
articles on these inventors:
124 internal materials salvage BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
Ipet resyt (ancient temple in Luxor,
Egypt): see in index Luxor, Temple of
Iqaluit (capital city of Nunavut, Canada)
Nunavut volume 9 page 108
IRA (Irish military organization): see in
index Irish Republican Army
Iran (country in the Middle East)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 147
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
Asia volume 1 page 200
Middle East volume 8 page 124
history
Iran-IraqWar volume 6 page 150
Reagan volume 11 page 33
timeline volume 6 page 147
people and culture
bazaar picture, volume 13 page 33
carpet weaving picture, volume 6
page 149
Kurds volume 7 page 90
mosque courtyard picture, volume 6
page 148
New Years Day volume 9 page 56
Iran-Contra Affair (U.S. history)
Reagan volume 11 page 33
Iran hostage crisis (U.S. history)
Carter volume 3 page 47
Iran-IraqWar (Middle Eastern history,
1980-88)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 150
MORE TO EXPLORE
Iran volume 6 page 149
Iraq volume 6 page 153
Iraqi soldier, Iran-IraqWar picture, volume
6 page 150
Saddam Hussein volume 12 page 7
Iraq (country in the Middle East)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 151, picture,
volume 6 page 151, picture, volume 6
page 153
MORE TO EXPLORE
architecture volume 1 page 169
geography
Asia volume 1 page 200
Euphrates River volume 4
page 159, picture, volume 4 page 159
Middle East volume 8 page 124
Tigris River volume 13 page 66
history
Bush, George volume 2 page 155
Bush, GeorgeW. volume 2 page 157
Iran-IraqWar volume 6 page 150
Kurds volume 7 page 90
Kuwait volume 7 page 92
Persian GulfWar volume 10 page 62
Saudi Arabia volume 12 page 45
timeline volume 6 page 151
Iraqi Freedom, Operation (U.S. military
operation): see in index IraqWar
Iraq-IranWar (Middle Eastern history,
1980-88): see in index Iran-IraqWar
IraqWar (2003)
Bush volume 2 page 157
Iraq volume 6 page 153
Powell volume 10 page 141
Saddam Hussein volume 12 page 7
Ireland (country in Europe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 154
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
Cobh picture, volume 3 page 61
Cork Hill with Dublin Castle picture,
volume 4 page 80
Eyeries village picture, volume 6
page 155
peat bog picture, volume 2 page 99
history
Newgrange tomb picture, volume 6
page 155
Northern Ireland volume 9 page 89
potato famine volume 5 page 7, volume
10 page 137
timeline volume 6 page 154
Ulster volume 14 page 9
United Kingdom volume 14 page 16
Vikings volume 14 page 89
Saint Patricks Day volume 12 page 15
Ireland, Northern (part of the United
Kingdom): see in index Northern Ireland
Iririki (island of Vanuatu)
Vilas harbor picture, volume 14 page 90
iris (part of eye)
eye volume 4 page 175, picture, volume 4
page 175
iris (plant and flower)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 157, picture,
volume 6 page 157
Irish (people)
Northern Ireland volume 9 page 89
Irish Free State (country in Europe): see
in index Ireland
Irish Republican Army (Irish military
organization)
Northern Ireland volume 9 page 90
Irish setter (breed of dog)
sporting dogs table, volume 4 page 62
iron (chemical element)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 157
MORE TO EXPLORE
food and nutrition volume 5 page 44
date volume 4 page 18
Iron Age volume 6 page 158
metal volume 8 page 106
skyscraper volume 12 page 104
steel volume 12 page 184
technology and invention volume 13
page 25
Iron Age (prehistoric period)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 158, picture,
volume 6 page 158, picture, volume 6
page 159
MORE TO EXPLORE
iron volume 6 page 158
technology and invention volume 13
page 25
Ironwood (city in Michigan, U.S.)
Hiawatha statue picture, volume 6
page 49
Iroquois (Native American people)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 160
MORE TO EXPLORE
house and canoe picture, volume 6
page 160
lacrosse volume 7 page 101
peoples
Native Americans volume 9 page 16
Oneida volume 9 page 137
Shawnee volume 12 page 78
Wyandot volume 15 page 78
places
Ontario volume 9 page 140
Quebec volume 11 page 9
Iroquois Confederacy (U.S. Indian confederation)
Albany Congress volume 1 page 67
tribes and people
Cayuga volume 3 page 64
Hiawatha volume 6 page 49
Iroquois volume 6 page 160
Mohawk volume 8 page 151
Oneida volume 9 page 137
Onondaga volume 9 page 138
Seneca volume 12 page 65
Tuscarora volume 13 page 117
BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA Iroquois Confederacy 125
irregular galaxy (astronomy)
galaxy volume 5 page 82
irrigation (agriculture)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 160
MORE TO EXPLORE
agriculture volume 1 page 48
dam volume 4 page 9
river volume 11 page 68
usage
desert in Saudi Arabia picture, volume
6 page 161
Euphrates volume 4 page 159
France picture, volume 6 page 162
Ganges River volume 5 page 87
Hohokam culture volume 6 page 70
Idaho picture, volume 6 page 161
Nile River volume 9 page 73
Tigris River volume 13 page 66
Isaac (Hebrew patriarch)
Abraham volume 1 page 14
Isabela Island (island of Ecuador) picture,
volume 5 page 81
Isabella I (queen of Spain)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 5 page 10, picture,
volume 5 page 10
MORE TO EXPLORE
Columbus volume 3 page 163
Inquisition volume 6 page 137
Spain volume 12 page 155
Iscariot, Judas (Apostle): see in index
Judas Iscariot
Ischia, Antonio Canova, marchese d
(Italian sculptor): see in index Canova,
Antonio
Ishmael (son of Abraham)
Abraham volume 1 page 14
Isis (Egyptian goddess)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 162, picture,
volume 6 page 163
Islam (religion)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 163
MORE TO EXPLORE
architecture volume 1 page 170
Haram Mosque, al- picture, volume 8
page 91
mosque volume 8 page 188
ribat picture, volume 13 page 110
beliefs and practices
head scarves picture, volume 6
page 165
Koran volume 7 page 77, picture, volume
9 page 68
pilgrimage volume 10 page 85
prayer picture, volume 6 page 164,
picture, volume 8 page 31
saint volume 12 page 9
history
Abraham volume 1 page 13
Arabs volume 1 page 159
India volume 6 page 124
Kurds volume 7 page 89
Malcolm X volume 8 page 29
Manila volume 8 page 43
martyr volume 8 page 67
Moor volume 8 page 180
Muhammad volume 8 page 202
Ottoman Empire volume 9 page 156
Portugal volume 10 page 134
for further history: see in index Islamic
world
major world religions table, volume 11
page 43
regions
Europe volume 4 page 163
Balkan Peninsula volume 2 page 12
Middle East volume 8 page 124
Arabian Peninsula volume 1
page 157
Egypt picture, volume 4 page 110
Iran volume 6 page 149
Lebanon volume 7 page 121
Mecca volume 8 page 90
Oman volume 9 page 136
Palestine volume 10 page 17
Saudi Arabia volume 12 page 44
Pakistan volume 10 page 13
preparing meals during Ramadan
picture, volume 11 page 26
Islam, five pillars of (religion)
Islam volume 6 page 164
Islam, Nation of (U.S. religious organization)
Malcolm X volume 8 page 29
Islam, pillars of (religion): see in index
Islam, five pillars of
Islamabad (capital city of Pakistan)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 166, picture,
volume 6 page 166
MORE TO EXPLORE
Pakistan volume 10 page 13
Islamic calendar: see in index Muslim
calendar
Islamic Republic of Iran (country in the
Middle East): see in index Iran
Islamic Salvation Front (political party
in Algeria)
Algeria volume 1 page 79
Islamic sundial (timekeeping device): see
in index sundial
Islamic world (religious and cultural
group of peoples)
ancient Egypt volume 4 page 115
Arabian Peninsula volume 1 page 157
Arab-Israeli wars volume 1 page 158
Byzantine Empire volume 2 page 159
Caliphate volume 3 page 14
Abu Bakr volume 1 page 14
Crusades volume 3 page 223
fortress picture, volume 12 page 224
Damascus volume 4 page 10
human migration volume 8 page 127
Iraq volume 6 page 152
Jerusalem volume 7 page 21
Mughal Empire volume 8 page 202
Persia volume 10 page 62
Spain volume 12 page 154
Ferdinand and Isabella volume 5
page 10
sundial volume 12 page 204
Yemen volume 15 page 91
island (landform)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 166, picture,
volume 6 page 166, picture, volume 6
page 167, picture, volume 6 page 167
MORE TO EXPLORE
Fiji archipelago picture, volume 5
page 19
Nauru picture, volume 9 page 22
Tarawa Atoll picture, volume 2 page 10
island gray fox (mammal) picture, volume
2 page 73
Islas de Barlovento (island group of the
West Indies): see in indexWindward
Islands
Isma!il (son of Abraham): see in index
Ishmael
Israel (country in the Middle East)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 168
MORE TO EXPLORE
cooperative farming picture, volume 6
page 169
geography
Asia volume 1 page 200
Haifa picture, volume 6 page 170
126 irregular galaxy BRITANNICA STUDENT ENCYCLOPEDIA
Jerusalem
WesternWall and the Dome of the
Rock picture, volume 7 page 21
Middle East volume 8 page 124
Negev picture, volume 6 page 168
Tel Aviv-Yafo picture, volume 13
page 33
history
Arab-IsraeliWars volume 1 page 157
Egypt volume 4 page 111
Sadat volume 12 page 5
Jerusalem volume 7 page 21
Jordan volume 7 page 34
Lebanon volume 7 page 121
Palestine volume 10 page 17
Palestine Liberation Organization
volume 10 page 19
refugee volume 11 page 41
Syria volume 12 page 224
timeline volume 6 page 168
Judaism volume 7 page 39
Purim celebration picture, volume 10
page 168
legislature volume 7 page 124, picture,
volume 7 page 124
Israel (ancient people and kingdom)
Abraham volume 1 page 13
Bible volume 2 page 67
Israel modern nation volume 6
page 169
Judaism volume 7 page 38
Palestine volume 10 page 18
Issa (people)
Djibouti volume 4 page 59
Istanbul (city in Turkey)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 171
MORE TO EXPLORE
ancient Rome volume 11 page 91
Blue Mosque picture, volume 6
page 171, picture, volume 8 page 188
Byzantine Empire volume 2 page 159
Crusades volume 3 page 224
Eastern Orthodox Churches volume 4
page 94
Hagia Sophia picture, volume 13
page 112
Ottoman Empire volume 9 page 156
Isurus (fish): see in index mako shark
Itaipu Dam (dam in Brazil and Paraguay)
picture, volume 10 page 31
Italian cypress (tree)
conifers picture, volume 3 page 183
Italian Somaliland (historical colony in
Africa)
Somalia volume 12 page 131
Italic peoples: see in index Etruscans
Italy (country in Europe)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 172
MORE TO EXPLORE
geography
Adriatic Sea volume 1 page 31
Amalfi coast picture, volume 8 page 94
Florence picture, volume 6 page 173
Grand Canal in Venice picture, volume
14 page 65
Mount Etna volume 4 page 157
grape harvest picture, volume 6 page 172
history
ancient: see in index Rome, ancient
city-state volume 3 page 126
colonialism
Addis Ababa volume 1 page 29
Asmara volume 1 page 209
Ethiopia volume 4 page 156
Libya volume 7 page 145
Somalia volume 12 page 131
San Marino volume 12 page 29
timeline volume 6 page 172
WorldWar I volume 15 page 61
WorldWar II volume 15 page 65
Trevi Fountain picture, volume 11
page 87
IUCN: see in index International Union
for Conservation of Nature and Natural
Resources
Ivan III (Russian prince)
Russia volume 11 page 106
tsar volume 13 page 103
Ivan IV (tsar of Russia)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 175, picture,
volume 13 page 103
MORE TO EXPLORE
Russia volume 11 page 106
tsar volume 13 page 103
Ivan the Great (Russian prince): see in
index Ivan III
Ivan the Terrible (tsar of Russia): see in
index Ivan IV
ivory (substance obtained from the tusks
or teeth of animals)
elephant volume 4 page 125
Ivory Coast (country in Africa): see in
index Cote dIvoire
ivy (plant)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 6 page 175, picture,
volume 6 page 175
Iwo Jima, Battle of (Japanese-U.S. history)
WorldWar II volume 15 page 70
Iztaccihuatl (volcanic mountain, Mexico)
picture, volume 9 page 82
jacaranda (tree genus)
Pretoria volume 10 page 147
jackal (mammal)
MAIN ARTICLE volume 7 page 4, picture,
volume 7 page 4
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