Modern Mind: An Intellectual History of the 20th Century

INTRODUCTION: AN EVOLUTION IN THE RULES

OF THOUGHT

1. Michael Ignatieff, Interview with Isaiah Berlin, BBC 2, 24 November, 1997. See also: Michael Ignatieff, Isaiah Berlin, London: Chatto & Windus, 1998, p. 301.

2. Martin Gilbert, The Twentieth Century: Volume I, 1900–1933, London: HarperCollins, 1997.

3. Claude Lévi-Strauss and Didier Eribon, De Prés et de Loin, translated as Conversations with Claude Lévi-Strauss, Paula Wissig (translator), Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1988, page 119.

4. John Maddox, What Remains to Be Discovered, London: Macmillan, 1998, Introduction, pages 1— 21.

5. Daniel C. Dennett, Darwin’s Dangerous Idea: Evolution and the Meanings of Life, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995, page 21.

6. Roger Smith, The Fontana History of the Human Sciences, London: Fontana Press, 1997, pages 577— 578.

7. See, for example, Paul Langford, A Polite and Commercial People: England 1727–1783, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989.

8. Roger Scruton, An Intelligent Person’s Guide to Modem Culture, London: Duckworth, 1998, page 42.

9. See Roger Shattuck, Candor & Perversion: Literature, Education and the Arts, New York: W. W. Norton, 1999, especially chapter six for a discussion of ‘The Spiritual in Art’, where the author argues that abstraction, or the absence of figuration in art, excludes analogies and correspondences – and therefore meaning.

10. John Brockman (editor), The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995, pages 18–19.

11. Frank Kermode, The Sense of an Ending, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1966; paperback edition, Oxford, 1968.