Modern Mind: An Intellectual History of the 20th Century

CHAPTER 8: VOLCANO

1. Robert Frost, A Boy’s Will, verse 2, ‘The Trial by Existence’, 1913; in Robert Frost: Collected Poems, Prose and Plays, New York: The Library of America, 1995, page 28. Everdell, Op. cit., where Chapter 21, ‘Annus Mirabilis’, is given to 1913.

2. John Rewald, Cézanne and America: Dealers, Collectors, Artists and Critics, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989, page 175.

3. Judith Zilczer, The Noble Buyer: John Quinn, Patron of the Avant-Garde, Washington, D.c.: Published for the Hirschhorn Museum by the Smithsonian Institution Press.

4. Milton Brown, The Story of the Armory Show, New York: Abbeville Press, 1988, pages 107ff.

5. Peter Watson, From Manet to Manhattan: The Rise of the Modern Art Market, London: Hutchinson, 1992; New York: Random House, 1992, pages 176ff.

6. Rewald, Op. cit., pages 166–168; Brown, Op. cit., pages 64–73.

7. Watson, Op. cit., page 179.

8. Brown, Op. cit., pages 133ff.

9. Ibid., page 143.

10. Ibid., pages 119ff and 238–239.

11. Roger Shattuck, The Banquet Years, Op. at., pages 282–283.

12. Marcel Adéma, Apollinaire, London: Heinemann, 1954, page 162.

13. Ibid., pages 163–164; Everdell, Op. cit., page 330.

14. Adéma, Op. cit., page 164.

15. Everdell, The First Moderns, Op. cit., page 330.

16. For an excellent introduction to Apollinaire, see: Shattuck, The Banquet Years, Op. cit., chapters 9 and 10, pages 253–322.

17. Schonberg, The Lives of the Great Composers, Op. cit., page 431.

18. Everdell, Op. cit., pages 329–330.

19. Peter Watson, Nureyev: A Biography, London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1994, pages 87–88.

20. Schonberg, Op. cit., page 433.

21. Ibid.

22. Ibid., page 434.

23. Ibid.

24. Richard Buckle, Diaghilev, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1979, page 175.

25. Schonberg, Op. cit., page 430.

26. Everdell, Op. cit., page 331.

27. Buckle, Op. cit., page 251.

28. Schonberg, Op. cit., page 431; Buckle, Op. cit., page 253.

29. Schonberg, Op. cit., page 431.

30. Buckle, Op. cit., page 254.

31. Ibid., page 255.

32. Everdell, Op. cit., page 333.

33. Henri Quittard, Le Figaro, 31 May 1913; quoted in Everdell, Op. cit., page 333. The reference to the ‘music subconscious’ is in Schonberg, Op. cit., page 432.

34. Everdell, Op. cit., page 335.

35. Clark, Einstein, Op. at., page 199.

36. White and Gribbin, Einstein, Op. cit., pages 132–133.

37. Clark, Einstein, Op. cit., page 241.

38. White and Gribbin, Op. at., page 135.

39. C. P. Snow, The Physicists, London: Macmillan, 1981, page 56.

40. Rhodes, The Making of the Atomic Bomb, Op. cit., page 69; Snow, Op. cit., page 58.

41. Ruth Moore, Niels Bohr: The Man and the Scientist, London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1967, page 71. See also Rhodes, Op. cit., pages 69–70.

42. Rhodes, Op. cit., pages 70ff.

43. Moore, Op. cit., page 59.

44. Snow, Op. cit., page 57.

45. Ibid., page 58.

46. David Luke, Introduction, in Thomas Mann, Death in Venice and Other Stories, translated and with an introduction by David Luke, London: Minerva, 1990, page ix.

47. Ibid., page xxxv.

48. Ronald Hayman, Thomas Mann, New York: Scribner, 1995, page 252.

49. Luke, Op. cit., pages xxxiv-xli.

50. Brenda Maddox, The Married Man: A Life of D. H. Lawrence, London: Sinclair Stevenson, 1994, page 36.

51. Helen Baron and Carl Baron, Introduction to: D. H. Lawrence, Sons and Lovers, London: Heinemann, 1913; reprinted Cambridge University Press and Penguin Books, 1992, page xviii.

52. James T. Boulton (editor), The Letters of D. H. Lawrence, volume 1, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979, pages 476–477; quoted in Baron and Baron, Op. cit., page xix.

53. Baron and Baron, Op. cit., page xviii.

54. See: George Painter, Marcel Proust: A Biography, volume 2, London: Chatto & Windus, 1965, especially chapter 3. For the note on the unconscious, see Harold March, The Two Worlds of Marcel Proust, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1948, pages 241 and 245.

55. See the index in Painter, Op. cit., for details, pages 407ff.

56. Clark, Freud, Op. cit., pages 305–306.

57. Janik and Toulmin, Wittgenstein’s Vienna, Op. cit., page 76, for the links Freud saw between Viennese social life and ‘frustration.’

58. Frank McLynn, Carl Gustav Jung, London: Bantam Press, 1996, page 72.

59. Ibid., pages 176ff.

60. Barbara Hannah, Jung: His Life and Work, London: Michael Joseph, 1977, page 69.

61. J. A. C. Brown, Freud and the Post-Freudians, Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1961, page 43. See also pages 46 and 48 for Jung’s theory of the racial and collective unconscious, and page 43 for the ‘evidence’ in support of his theories.

62. McLynn, Op. cit., page 305. Brown, Op. cit., page 43.

63. Clark, Freud, Op. cit., page 332.

64. Richard Noll, The Aryan Christ: The Secret Life of Carl Gustav Jung, London: Macmillan, 1997, page 108.

65. Clark, Freud, Op. cit., page 331.

66. Ibid., page 352.

67. Ibid.

68. Peter Gay, A Life for Our Time, London: J. M. Dent, 1988, page 332.

69. Clark, Freud, Op. cit., page 356.

70. Gay, Op. cit., page 242, who raises the question as to whether Freud ‘needed’ to make his friends into enemies.

71. Robert Frost, Op. cit., verse 4: ‘Reluctance,’ page 38.